1.

0 Introduction
1.1 Background of study
Lately, Malaysia is facing a serious issue regarding on the problem of baby
dumping which are getting serious and more chronic which lead to a lot of attention
Baby dumping refers to parents leaving a child younger than 12 months in a public or
private place with the intent of terminating their care for the child. It is a social crisis
and has a chronic increase as many cases are occurring in Malaysian society. This
social problem appears every day in the mass media, newspaper and also radio. It
had increases year by year which it will lead to the unhealthy Malaysian society .The
statistic of the babies dumping in Malaysia was recorded and been disclosed by Polis
Diraja Malaysia (PDRM). The numbers of baby dumping started to rise since 2005
and it continuously increase based on the statistic that had been recorded until 2012.
It records that in 2008 and 2009, there were recorded 181 cases while 60 cases had
been analyzed in the early of 2010 (Berita Harian, 2010).

Next, in 2011 there were 187 case of babies dumping that been reported in
Malaysia meanwhile another 89 cases was recorded in year 2012. Therefore, the
research shows the number of the babies that had been dumped from the year 2011
and 2012. The numbers of baby dumping are different every year and it also differs
between the states in Malaysia. Based on the statistic reported from Polis Diraja
Malaysia (PDRM), the state of Selangor had the most cases on the babies dumping in
the year of 2011 and also 2012 compare to the others states in Malaysia.

1.2 Objectives of the study

i) To describe the demographic profile of the respondents regarding
the baby dumping.
ii) To measure the numbers of babies disposal by region in the year of
2011 and 2012
2.0 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Description of Data

Population : Based on the year 2005-2012, 685 babies have been dumped across
the country.

Sample : 187 subject from 685 which in year 2011 and 2012, the babies have
been dumped across the country.

Type of Data : Secondary Data.

Sampling Technique: Census had been used in order to choose the sample survey
which is the population that involve in the babies dumping.

Data Collection Method : Conversed baby: right and payment of baby district law

Sources :
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318337487_Bayi_Yang_Dibuang_Hak_dan
_Kedudukan_Bayi_di_sisi_Undang-undang

Number of variables : 3

The descriptions of variables are shown in Table 1.

 Table 1: Descriptive of variables

Section Sources of data Variable name Types of Measurement

variables scale

Secondary Data Year Discrete Ratio

quantitative
data

Region Qualitative Nominal scale

data

Numbers of Discrete Ratio

baby dumping quantitative
data
2.2 Method of analysis.

Objective Types of Description Method

statistics

1) To describe the Descriptive

demographic analysis
profile of the
respondents A) Graphical measures:
regarding the baby
 To illustrate the - Pie chart
dumping.
percentage of the
number of baby
dumping in year 2011
and in year 2012

 To compare the
- Component bar
disposal of babies by
chart
region in year 2011
and 2012.

B) Numerical measures:

 To measure the
skewness of the data
- Pearson
on the babies disposal
Coefficient of
by region in year 2011
Skewness
and 2012.

 To determine the
average of the babies i. Mean- Year
disposal by region in
ii. Median-Year
2011 and 2012.

iii. Mode-Number
 To determine the most
of babies
 frequent number of dumping.
babies disposal in
2011 and 2012

2) To measure the Inferential To compare the mean - One sample

numbers of babies statistics between years and T-test.
disposal by region number of babies dumping
in year of 2011 and
2012
3.0 Findings

Objective 1: To describe the demographic profile of the respondents regarding the

baby dumping.

3.1 Descriptive Analysis

A. Graphical presentation.

Table 2: Disposal of Babies by Region in Year 2011-2012

Years

Region 2011 2012 Total

Northern region 16 14 30

Central region 41 30 71

Southern region 13 11 24

Eastern region 7 13 20

East Malaysia(Sabah & 21 21 42

Sarawak)

TOTAL 98 89
I. Pie Chart to represent the percentage of number of babies dumping in the Table
2.

YEAR 2011
Northern
East Malaysia
16%
21%

Eastern
7%

Sounthern
13% Central
41%

 For the year 2011, the region which have the high percentage of number of
babies dumping is Central region which is 41% and the lowest number of babies
dumping is at the Eastern region which is 7%.

YEAR 2012
Northern
East Malaysia 14%
21%

Eastern
13% Central
30%

Southern
11%

 In year 2012, there some of the region shows the increase and decrease in the
number of babies dumping. For instance the Central region shows the decrease
from 41% to 30%. And the East Malaysia keep maintain at 21% from year 2011
 until 2012. In addition, the Eastern region increase in year 2012 which is from 7%
to 13% and that shows a high increasing in number of babies dumping at the
area.

II. Component bar chart to represent the duration between year and number of
babies dumping in Table 2.

Disposal of Babies by Region in Year 2011-2012

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
Northern Central Southern Eastern East Malaysia

2011 2012

 From the component bar chart, we can see that the central region have the higher
number of babies dumping in year 2011 and decrease in 2012 from 41% to 30%.
B. Numerical measures

Statistics

Year2011 Year2012

Valid 5 5
N
Missing 0 0

Mean 19.60 17.80

Median 16.00 14.00

Mode 7a 11a

Std. Deviation 12.992 7.791

Skewness 1.419 1.206

Std. Error of Skewness .913 .913

Minimum 7 11

Maximum 41 30

a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

I. Pearson Coefficient of Skewness (PCS)

3( x  ~
x)
Pearson Coefficient of Skewness (2011) =
s

3(19.60  16.00)
= 12.992

=0.8313

= The positive value indicates the data is skewed to the rights or know as positively
skewed.Data for 2011 is skew to the rights.

3( x  ~
x)
Pearson Coefficient of Skewness (2012) =
s
 3(17.80  14.00)
=
7.791

=1.4632

= The positive value indicates the data is skewed to the rights or know as positively
skewed.Data for 2012 is skew to the rights.
II. Mean, median and mode for the number of babies’ disposal by region in year
2011 and 2012.

 The mean for the number of baby disposal by region in year 2011 = 98/5

=19.60

 The mean for the number of baby disposal by region in year 2012 = 89/5
=17.80

The average number of baby disposal by region in year 2011 is 19.60 meanwhile in
2012 is 17.80.

 The median for the number of baby disposal by region in 2011 = 16.00

50% of the number of baby disposal by region in 2011 less than 16 meanwhile
the other 50% is more than 16.

 The median for the number of baby disposal by region in 2012 = 14.00

50% of the number of baby disposal by region in 2012 less than 14 meanwhile
the other 50% is more than 14.

 The mode for the number of baby disposal by region in 2011= 7

 The mode for the number of baby disposal by region in 2012= 11

The most number of baby disposals by region in 2011 is 7 meanwhile in 2012 the
most number of baby disposal by region is 11.
3.2 Inferential Analysis

I. One sample T-test

One-Sample Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Year2011 5 19.60 12.992 5.810

Year2012 5 17.80 7.791 3.484

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 0

t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the

Difference

Lower Upper

Year2011 3.373 4 .028 19.600 3.47 35.73

Year2012 5.109 4 .007 17.800 8.13 27.47

S
x  t / 2
Year 2011= n

12.992
19.60  t 0.05 / 2
= 5
 19.60  2.776(5.8102)
=

(3.4709,35.7291)
=

= There is differences between years and number of babies dumping because its
includes zero.

II. Dependent T-test

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Year2011 19.60 5 12.992 5.810

Pair 1
Year2012 17.80 5 7.791 3.484

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences t df Sig.

(2-tailed)
Mean Std. Std. Error 95% Confidence
Deviation Mean Interval of the
Difference

Lower Upper
Pair Year2011 -
1.800 6.099 2.728 -5.773 9.373 .660 4 .545
1 Year2012

Hypothesis

H 0 :   98
H 1 :   98(claim )

  0.05

Pvalue  0.545 / 2

 0.2725

Decision: If Pvalue < ɑ, reject H0

: Since Pvalue (0.2725) > ɑ (0.05),

Conclusion: