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1 GENERAL INFORMATION
The RELAY-CT-VT-PT software is a powerful application that provides connectivity with the in-
struments of the Tx000 family: T1000 and TD1000 for Relay testing, T2000 for Transformer testing
and the powerful T3000 for both relay and transformer testing.
The two main test applications are defined as
RTA: Relay Test Application. Applies to T1000, TD1000 and T3000
TTA: Transformer Test Application. Applies to T2000 and T3000
In this document we will use these acronyms to identify the working environment of the instru-
ments.
Please note that this software does NOT control and adjust the AC / DC current and voltage outputs.
Only with the multi-purpose knob on the front panel of the instrument it is possible to control and
adjust the AC / DC current and voltage outputs.
2 CONTROL WINDOW
As the program is started, the following window is opened.
If the instrument is connected to the PC, the connection is established and the icon at the top right
of the window shows that the connection is active , otherwise, the following two messages in-
form the operator that a problem has happened, and that the software will behave as a Demo ver-
sion.
In this case the icon will show that the instrument is disconnected .
At the top of the window there is a menu bar. Than there is the main area, divided in two pages to
distinguish the type of results: Relay tests and Transformer tests. Depending on the instrument con-
nected to the PC, the software will display and enable access to the appropriate pages as per the fol-
lowing table.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 6/42
2.1.1 OPEN
The standard dialog window is opened: it is possible to select the file to be opened.
It is possible to load previously saved test results. Test results have the extension .MDB, which is a
standard Microsoft Access format. This allows to easily import data into excel as described in sec-
tion 4.
A result file contains the appropriate set of results (measures, trip times, CT curves) performed with
the instrument: for T1000 instrument stores its Relay tests, for T2000 instrument stores Transformer
tests and for T3000 instrument may store results of both types if performed.
It is not possible to perform previously saved results, as the test procedure consist in a manual ad-
justment of the regulators on the instrument front panel. On the other hand, it is possible to update
comments for each test. It is also possible to change or complete header information for the tests.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 7/42
After opening a file by means of this menu, the data currently shown by the software is replaced
with that of the file. So this menu clears the software from pending data and opens only the data
contained in the file. For RTA type tests, the graph shows only one curve, all the tests of this file are
assigned the Graphic curve #1 (see paragraph Grid and Grid functions)
As for the menu Open, it is possible to load previously saved test results. Test results have the ex-
tension .MDB, which is a standard Microsoft Access format.
After opening a file by means of this menu, the data currently shown by the software is not replaced.
The data contained in the file is appended to the data present in the software. For RTA type tests,
the data of the file are assigned by default a different Graphic curve than the previous tests (see par-
agraph Grid and Grid functions) and the graph will display accordingly. This allows the user to easi-
ly compare various results by opening them with this menu option.
When selected, the standard dialog window is opened: it is possible to select the name of the file to
be saved.
This menu item allows the operator to download all the test that are stored in the flash memory of
the instrument. These measures may have been performed in the field and without the need of a PC.
If the flash memory is empty the following message appears:
Otherwise the download procedure will start and the following window will appear at the center of
the screen:
When downloading measures of Relay type, for each downloaded test, the table in the Relay results
page is filled with a line with the relative measures.
As it can be seen in the picture, the lines inserted in the test table by means of a download from the
flash memory of the instrument are identified in the “type” column on the grid with the message “2-
Downloaded”
When downloading measures of Transformer type, each downloaded test is organized in a tree of
tests. Each test is identified as a row of a certain header depending on how these info have been set
on the instrument at the time of test.
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For instance in the above picture, various tests have been performed for the CT identified by S/N
20-028.
.
This instrument settings are specific to the RTA Mode, therefore this menu item is enabled only if
the connected instrument is a T1000 or a T3000 in RTA Mode. For a T3000, when switching from
RTA to TTA Mode, this menu item will be disabled.
This instrument settings are specific to the RTA Mode, therefore this menu item is enabled only if
the connected instrument is a T1000 or a T3000 in RTA Mode. For a T3000, when switching from
RTA to TTA Mode, this menu item will be disabled.
2.1.9 EXIT
Quits the program
2.2.2 PREFERENCES
This menu item loads a window where the operator can specify general parameters that will influ-
ence the way results are displayed.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 11/42
The frame CT Excitation – Comparisons, allow the user to create and customize identifiers that
will be used to compare Excitation curves. By pressing the Add button, a new line is inserted in the
grid and can be edited. Press Delete to delete a selected line. Please refer to par. “Customize Excita-
tion Curve comparison” for a detailed explanation on how to use this fields.
The frame Time delay allows the user to define how to display real-time trip times and delays: in
seconds or in cycles. In the latter case it must be indicated the reference frequency to be used for the
cycle calculation. Please note that in the test table, trip times are displayed both in seconds and in
cycles (depending on the selected frequency).
It is also possible to define which is the Serial Port number to use for the communication with the
instrument. Values must be within the range 1-9. The communication switches to the new serial port
number upon the next execution of RELAY-CT-VT-PT. By pressing the Reconnect button it is pos-
sible to try again to establish the connection to the instrument. Only for the instrument T1000-PLUS
it is possible to set USB port in order to communicate with the test set.
NOTE: if your PC only has an USB port, you can connect to the test set using the USB to RS232
converter model UC-232A manufactured by MAXXTRO. In this situation, you have to:
. Install the driver provided by the manufacturer.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 12/42
. Then, open the Computer Management (from Control Panel) and look/set COM port assigned to
the converter (see attached figure as example).
. Last, program in the Preferences window the COM port displayed above (5 in this case).
Click on Load logo to change the logo (it will be printed on the test report too), or if the program is
not able to find the predefined logo.
By pressing OK the parameters will be saved, while with Cancel any change is discarded.
Otherwise, in case the file does not correspond to a correct firmware for the instrument, the follow-
ing message appears.
Upon pressing the Ok button, the standard windows dialog is opened and the user can select the ap-
propriate calibration file.
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Prior to the uploading of a Calibration file, the software checks is the calibration format fits the cur-
rent version of the instrument calibration. In case there is a mismatch in formats the calibration file
is refused.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 15/42
These values correspond to the main outputs on the front panel of the instrument. The frame caption
also displays the output range used, (e.g. 10A, 40A, 100A, 250Vac or 250Vdc for a standard
T1000). With the TD1000 model, the Aux voltage output can be used as an auxiliary current output,
for the test of differential relays.
These frames define which type of real-time complementary measure the user wants the instrument
to perform. Internal and External complementary measures cannot be performed at the same time:
as the user selects a position other than ‘none’ from a menu, the other type of complementary meas-
ure is set to ‘none’.
Upon choosing the appropriate measure, the software displays the values, otherwise shows the mes-
sage “No Internal (or External) measures”.
P-Q : Active and Reactive Power obtained by measuring ExtV and ExtI
S-p.f. : Apparent Power and power factor obtained by measuring ExtV and
ExtI
Z-phi : Impendace and phase shift angle obtained by measuring ExtV and
ExtI
R-X : Resistance and Reactance obtained by the measures of ExtV and ExtI
phi Ie-Vaux : phase shift angle between ExtI and Vaux
Freq : frequency of ExtV
phi Ve-Vaux : phase shift angle between ExtV and Vaux
Ea-Er : Active Energy and Reactive Energy obtained by the measures of
ExtV and ExtI
R-X : Resistance and Reactance obtained by the measures of Vaux and Iac
Ea-Er : Active Energy and Reactive Energy obtained by measuring Vaux
and Iac
In any state it is possible to manually insert a row in the test table by pressing the button Save In-
stantaneous value.
The line will be filled with the values currently shown in the window. This special type of line, does
not necessarily identify a trip of the relay. It is therefore described with “0-Manual” in the “type”
column of the grid.
As an extension of this type of test, it is possible to define a timed storing event by pressing the but-
ton Timed Saving.
This opens a small window allowing the user to set an interval time
between insertions in the test table. Then, by pressing the Start button,
a test is automatically inserted once every “Interval” seconds. These
lines are identified with “3 Timed” in the “type” column of the grid.
By right-clicking on the Test Table, a popup menu appears. The enabled items depend on the status
of the test table:
If the table is empty, by clicking on the header of the table, the only available item is “Select
columns to show”
If more than one row is selected, the item “Comment to the test” is not enabled, otherwise
all items are enabled.
In the “Message” box, it is possible to define a comment to the test that will be printed to-
gether with the test results. The “Show this message” Checkbox allows the user to decide
whether to display the message or not. There is also a “Notes” box, where other notes can be
inserted. “Message” and “Notes” are stored together with the test data and can contain also
pictures.
By pressing the OK button, if the “Show this message” checkbox is set, an icon will appear
on the first column of the test table beside the test number. This means the comment is ac-
tive.
On the other hand if the “Show this message” option is not set, but a messages is inserted in
the “Message” or “Notes” box, the following icon is displayed, which means a message is
present but not active.
Edit Header: it opens the Header window, where it is possible to complete the information
provided during the test, such as: plant, relay model and manufacturer, operator and so on.
The most important parameter is the Serial Number of the relay: this field is used to group
the rows of test results in the table.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 20/42
If no Relay Serial Number was set during tests, the column Header will show the caption
S/N00000; otherwise it shows the caption S/N followed by the serial number that was as-
signed to the relay under test.
In the example above, the first two tests have been identified with Relay 2010-1
Another important parameter is the Graphic group: it allows for each test to define which
curve of the graph will handle that test. It is possible to choose up to 10 different curves to
compare data. The Graphic group is automatically assigned to test results with different relay
serial numbers: this eases reading test results, and separating them if necessary. If relays
were more than 10, the grouping is repeated.
When selecting the Graphic curve, the first column of the grid highlights the curve number
by putting the mark #n beside the test number:
In this case the first 15 tests are assigned curve number 1 and the others curve number 2.
This is how the graph shows more curves:
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When opening files with the option Open and Append, tests are assigned by default different
Curve numbers so that it is easier to compare the graphs.
Set columns to show: opens up a window, showing the columns available in the test table
and allowing the user to select which columns should be displayed.
It is possible to change the axis label or by typing the new description in the Title box.
Choose the column to be used as X or Y axis from the Axis menu, and sort the values of the grid by
pressing on the button Sort data. The Show axis grid checkbox enables/disables the horizontal or
vertical grid in the graph.
By enabling the Axis checkbox, the user limits frame is enabled and allows to select the range of the
displayed points for the axis. In the example, only the points that have their X-value between 0 and
8 (Y values are not filtered) are displayed. See the corresponding diagram and compare it with the
diagram displayed in the first picture of this chapter.
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Sometimes it is useful to display only a subset of the results; to do this, select with the mouse the
data as in the example below, then press the radio button “Selected data”.
After the selection, the diagram will only display the selected data.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 23/42
Compare this diagram with the diagram displayed in the result panel (look at the first picture of this
chapter).
With the option Lines and Symbols it is possible to decide whether to display only the points or also
the connecting lines.
By clicking on this option, it is possible to overlap to the Cartesian graph a nominal characteristic of
a 50-51 relay. When the option is selected, two new pages appear beside the X-Axis and Y-Axis pa-
rameter pages.
Nominal char 50-51
This page allows to specify the nominal characteristic as a composition of standard curves
internationally defined by IEC, IEEE, IAC, ANSI…
Parameters to set are:
- Inom: this is the nominal current. It is the reference current to define the nominal
characteristic. It could be any value, however the most common values are 1 / 2.5 / 5.
- Every line of the table represent the characteristic of every specific element
- Every characteristic is defined with:
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Custom curve
If the Use Nominal Char option is selected, and the table in the Nominal Char page is made
of a special line called Custom curve,
then the graph is defined by the parameters filled in the Custom curve page. For instance this
is the curve defined by the above parameters
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When the Show tolerance option is selected then two curves are displayed on the Cartesian graph
to represent the limits maximum extension of the tolerances as defined in the parameters Max cur-
rent Error, Max Time error, Min time error.
This applies both if the characteristic is defined by means of standards or if it is set via the Custom
curve settings.
When the relay is sensing a tripping current, this will pick up all the elements whom pick up current
is less than the measured current. As a result, for a specific test current, the tripping time is as fast as
the fastest tripping element.
To give an example, supposing we have a relay with a certain number of elements (different charac-
teristics with different pick-up’s) like in the picture below, the tripping time characteristic would be
like the thicker one.
1000
100
10
1
1,02
1,42
1,82
2,22
2,62
3,02
3,42
3,82
4,22
4,62
5,02
5,42
5,82
6,22
6,62
7,02
7,42
0,1
0,01
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Graph selection
It is possible to choose the type of graph to display:
Cartesian
Polar
The Cartesian graph shows the results, as from the selection of the X and Y axis, in various ways
depending on the selection of the logarithmic scale menu, by which it is possible to make linear or
logarithmic the axis in all four combinations
The polar graph shows the results in a module-phase fashion. It is particularly useful when the user
wants to view the results depending on the phase relations.
The graph may contain just one curve or up to 10 different curves. A single test can be assigned to
any of the 10 curves by changing its Graphic curve setting in the Header window.
Export graph
By pressing this button a window allowing to specify the graph file name appears. The graph dis-
played can be saved in bmp/jpeg/wmf format.
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 27/42
Formulas
By pressing this button, the following window is displayed:
The user can define up to 6 formulas and make calculations on the results table. Here is the descrip-
tion of the lists:
Fields: these are the columns of the results table that the editor will consider valid for calcu-
lations. Their name is slightly different from the table columns names but it’s easy to under-
stand their meaning
Functions: these are the recognized mathematical functions the editor will consider valid
Oper. : these are the operators that the editor will consider valid for calculation purposes
Common formulas: these are already built common formulas.
To define a formula, simply write it into the apposite box and press the relative “Check” button
to make sure that the formula is correct. Another way is to double-click on the lists to choose the
clicked item: it will automatically be appended to the selected formula.
Once the editing is finished, by pressing the OK button, calculations will be made and the result
table will be filled with the results.
As for the other fields, it is now possible to choose these formulas as X-axis or Y-axis of the
graph.
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This section refers to those instrument that can manage a TTA mode (T2000 and T3000).
The page is vertically divided in 3 main windows:
The compare column applies only to CTExcitation type of tests and allows to define to
which defined groups the curve will be compared with. On CTExcitation tests, click on the
cell and a frame will appear. The list in the frame is loaded with the groups customized by
the user in the Preferences window (see par. Menu->Preferences)
It is possible to select one or more groups, this will mean that the user may want to compare
this curve within different groups of comparison.
As the compare column is set with at least one group, when clicking the show column, a
menu filled with the selected items appears.
It is possible to select one item to define which group of CT Excitation curves will be shown
when clicking on the row.
Suppose the user has made the following tests on a VT identified by S/N 20-020.
When a row is selected, with a right click on the row a popup menu will appear.
The items:
o Delete selected tests
o Delete All tests
o Comment to the test
o Edit Header
behave as for the menu described in par. “Grid and Grid functions”.
The item “Select test to print” allows to add the test to a printing list as if the user clicked on
the column Print of the test table. The check shows whether the test has to be printed or
not.
When choosing the Edit Header option, the following window will appear:
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Bearing in mind that the header’s tree is organized by Serial Number, here it is possible to
fill the missing info and to change the serial number of the VT that performed the test. So if
for instance the user changes the Serial Number from 20-020 to 20-021, this is how the
Transformer Results page would appear after pressin the “Ok” button
A new header has been added, and it contains the VTOverIProt test previously of VT S/N
20-020.
This function is useful to quickly reorganize the test results. It would be good practice in us-
ing the instrument to clearly identify header informations prior to executing the tests. Since
this could be difficult and time consuming while testing (let alone the chances that the user
forgets to insert the header data), it can be done with RELAY+CT,VT,PT after donwloading
the tests.
For example, if both CTExcitation curves of the example are identified with grid’s columns Com-
pare and Show, to be part of group CT1, when clicking on either row the graph at the side will plot
both curves.
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This can be done on different CT curves of the same CT, for example by selecting different taps, or
by configuring CT curves of different CTs, giving to the user a high degree of flexibility in defining
which curves compare on the same graph.
For all the other type of tests the frame will show the results as they appear on the display of the in-
strument. For example this is how it would appear the frame when selecting the row VTBurden of
the Header VT – S/N 000000
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 32/42
To be noticed that the tap column is not significant for this type of transformer and therefore is
filled with -.
3 PRINT RESULTS
Upon choosing the menu item File->Print preview, a window appear. It allows to choose the type of
report to be previewed.
For all Report types the preview window allows to perform the following:
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By pressing the “Setup” button the user can choose the printer among those currently installed on
the PC, via a windows standard dialog box.
The button “Font” allows to select the font (type and size) that will be used for printing. It is sug-
gested to keep the font size reasonably small to get a professional report without overlapping texts.
By pressing the “Print” button, the preview is sent to the printer, from page defined by the “From”
box and to page defined by the “To” box.
Zoom
This menu allow to enlarge the printing area so as to view the pages in details.
Page setup
These selections are useful to define the margins of the page.
Other options are specific to the type of report and will be described in the relative paragraph.
CTExcitation curves also show the relative I-V graph: in this case it is possible to select the graph’s
height by writing the value in the relative box
It is possible to define which columns to include in the report by pressing the “Set columns” button.
It is also possible to decide whether to include in the printout the grid and/or the graph. Please re-
mind that the graph displayed will be of the type (Cartesian or Vectorial) selected at the time of call-
ing the print preview page.
Suppose we have identified more than one CTExcitation curves with a group of comparison. It is
possible to preview a comparison report by choosing the “Compare the selected Excitation curves”
option. The user can now select the group (from the list of groups customized in the “Preferences”
window) to compare and print. If no curves are associated with the selected group, upon pressing
the “Ok” the following message appears:
On the other hand when the user configured more curves to be compared within the group, the
preview window will appear.
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The report is titled CT Excitation Comparison Report and shows the selected comparison group
details as customized by the user.
A table shows the details of the various CT Transformers, the graph shows all the curves identified
with the group and a further table compare the nominal knees results.
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And, after the inclusion of all the columns without any filter, and ordering the rows by
“dbNr”, the table will appear:
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Constants of the formula change according to the type of curve; they are summarised in the fol-
lowing table.
a c b
IEC Class A Standard Inverse 0.14 0 0.02
IEC Class B Very Inverse 13.5 0 1
IEC Class C Extremely Inverse 80 0 2
IEC Long Time Inverse 120 0 1
IEC Short Time Inverse 0.05 0 0.04
Constants of the formula change according to the type of curve; they are summarised in the fol-
lowing table.
a b c d e
IAC Inverse 0.2078 0.863 0.8 -0.418 0.1947
IAC Short Time Inverse 0.0428 0.0609 0.62 -0.001 0.0221
IAC Long Time Inverse 80 0 2 2 2
IAC Very Inverse 0.09 0.7955 0.1 -1.2855 7.9586
IEC Extremely Inverse 0.004 0.6379 0.62 1.7872 0.2461
US STANDARDS
The different curves correspond to the following formula.
B
t ( s ) KT* A
I
C
1
IR
Constants of the formula change according to the type of curve; they are summarised in the fol-
lowing table.
A B C
US Moderately Inverse 0.0226 0.0104 0.02
US Inverse 0.18 5.95 2
US Very Inverse 0.0963 3.88 2
US Extremely Inverse 0.0352 5.67 2
DOC. MSE20102 REV. 6.4.3 Page 42/42
B 14 * KT 5
t ( s) A C *
I 9
1
IR
Constants of the formula change according to the type of curve; they are summarised in the fol-
lowing table.
A B C
Extremely Inverse 0.0250 6.407 2
Very Inverse 0.0712 2.855 2
Inverse 0.0185 0.0086 0.02
Moderately Inverse 0.0037 0.00172 0.02
Inverse Short Time 0.0050 1.281 2
Extremely Inverse Short Time 0.2500 64.07 2
Very Inverse Short Time 0.0712 28.55 2
Inverse Long Time 0.0352 0.086 0.02
B
t (s) A C * KT
I
I 1
R
Constants of the formula change according to the type of curve; they are summarised in the fol-
lowing table.
B C A
Inverse Time 8.9341 2.0938 0.17966
Short Inverse Time 0.2663 1.2969 0.03393
Long Inverse Time 5.6143 1 2.18592
Moderately Inverse Time 0.0103 0.02 0.0228
Very Inverse Time 3.922 2 0.0982
Extremely Inverse Time 5.64 2 0.02434
Definite Inverse Time 0.4797 1.5625 0.21359