USG Based Simbology,.... Cartografiado English

Federal Geographic Data Committee U.S.
Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–430

Public Review Draft - Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization PostScript Implementation (filename: of99-430_01-01.eps)
1—CONTACTS, KEY BEDS, AND DIKES

REF NO DESCRIPTION SYMBOL CARTOGRAPHIC SPECIFICATIONS NOTES ON USAGE
1.1—Contacts
For an explanation of
lineweight .15 mm
1.1.1 Contact—Certain the various levels of un-
certainty of contacts
and other line symbols,
see Section 4 entitled
1.1.2 Contact—Approximately located
4.0 mm H-8 "Guidelines for Symbol
? ? Usage" in the accom-
panying introductory
1.0 mm
1.1.3 Contact—Approximately located, queried ? ? text.
the abbreviations used
throughout this appen-
1.1.4 Contact—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8 dix, see Table 2 in the
? ? accompanying intro-
ductory text.
1.0 mm
1.1.5 Contact—Inferred, queried ? ?
1.1.6 Contact—Concealed H-8

.5 mm
? ?
.5 mm
1.1.7 Contact—Concealed, queried ? ?
15 15 HI-6 Place symbol ornamen-

tick lineweight
1.1.8 Contact—Showing dip where known 90 90 .15 mmtation where observa-
1.75 mm
1.75 mm tion was made.
HI-6 tick lineweight .15 mm Dip value indicates a
1.1.9
35 35 measured dip direction
Overturned contact—Showing dip where known .875 mm
and magnitude; if nec-
.625 mm radius
essary for clarity, place
65 arrow 1.75 mm HI-6 90 on stratigraphic top
65
1.1.10
Contact—Showing direction and plunge of lineweight side of vertical contact.
lineation where known .15 mm
20° 1.5 mm Tick without dip value
20° indicates general direc-
1.1.11 Contact—Showing location where contact is well tion of dip.
exposed in field Arrow shows lineation
1.75 mm on contact surface; tick
Contact—Showing relative age of intrusive or H-8 and arrow may be com-
1.1.12 extrusive units where known: Y, younger; O, Y Y bined to show dip and
older O O lineation at one locality.
.325 mm
1.4 mm Use to indicate gradual
1.1.13 Gradational contact—Certain or continuous change
hachure lineweight .15 mm from one lithology to
another across contact.
1.1.14 Gradational contact—Approximately located Placement can be arbi-
1.75 mm trary, especially on
H-8
larger scale maps.
? ?
1.1.15 Gradational contact—Approximately located, ? ?
queried
A–1–1
Federal Geographic Data Committee U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–430
1—CONTACTS, KEY BEDS, AND DIKES (continued)

1.2—Key beds
Use when key bed is
lineweight .2 mm
1.2.1 Key bed—Certain too narrow to show as
an area at map scale.
May also be shown in
1.2.2 Key bed—Approximately located color.
3.5 mm
H-8
? ?
1.2.3 Key bed—Approximately located, queried ? 1.0 mm
?
1.2.4 Key bed—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

? ?
1.0 mm
1.2.5 Key bed—Inferred, queried ? ?
1.2.6 Key bed—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm
1.2.7 Key bed—Concealed, queried ? ?
HI-8 Labels refer to individu-

1.2.8 Key bed—Showing name ds ds ally mapped units.
Name and (or) thick-
1.5 1.5 H-8 ness notation may also
1.2.9
Key bed—Showing thickness in meters and be added to clay or
location where measured 1.75 mm coal beds.
20°
100% black Usually shown on larg-
1.2.10 Outcrop areas of key bed, type 1 er scale maps.
Areas may also be
30% black
used to show clay or
1.2.11 Outcrop areas of key bed, type 2 coal beds.
May be shown in color.
lineweight .3 mm Use when coal bed is

1.2.12 Coal bed—Certain too narrow to show as
an area at map scale.
1.2.13 Coal bed—Approximately located color.
3.5 mm H-8
Labels may be added
? ? to individually mapped
1.0 mm coal beds; use same
1.2.14 Coal bed—Approximately located, queried ? ? name and (or) thick-
ness notation as shown
above for key beds.
1.2.15 Coal bed—Inferred Can also be used as
1.5 mm H-8
contacts.
? ?
Same line symbol can
1.0 mm also be used for other
1.2.16 Coal bed—Inferred, queried ? ?
economically important
beds such as benton-
ite, phosphate, or lime-
1.2.17 Coal bed—Concealed stone.
.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm
1.2.18 Coal bed—Concealed, queried ? ?
.375 mm 90o Tops of V's follow trace

1.2.19 Clinkered coal bed—Certain .8 mm of bed; V's point down-
lineweight .15 mm ward stratigraphically.
Labels may be added
1.2.20 Clinkered coal bed—Approximately located to individually mapped
H-8 clinkered coal beds;
? ? use same name and
Clinkered coal bed—Approximately located, (or) thickness notation
1.2.21 ? ? 2.0 mm
queried as shown above for key
beds.
H-8 pattern 317-K Labels refer to individu-
Area of clinkered coal bed—Showing name bg bg
lineweight ally mapped clinkered
1.2.22
.15 mm coal beds.
A–1–2

1.2—Key beds (continued)
lineweight .5 mm
1.2.23 Clay bed—Certain spot color specifica-
color 100% red tions used throughout
this appendix, see Ta-
Clay bed—Approximately located ble 3 in the accompa-
1.2.24
3.5 mm H-8 nying introductory text.
? ? Use when clay bed is
too narrow to show as
Clay bed—Approximately located, queried 1.0 mm
1.2.25 ? ? an area at map scale.
other colors.
1.2.26 Clay bed—Inferred Labels may be added
1.5 mm H-8 to individually mapped
? ? clay beds; use same
1.0 mm name and (or) thick-
1.2.27 Clay bed—Inferred, queried ? ? ness notation as shown
above for key beds.
1.2.28 Clay bed—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm
1.2.29 Clay bed—Concealed, queried ? ?
A–1–3

1.3—Dikes
lineweight .375 mm Use when dike is too
1.3.1 Dike 1—Certain narrow to show as an
color 100% red area at map scale.
3.5 mm May be shown in differ-
ent colors.
1.3.2 Dike 1—Approximately located
1.0 mm
H-8 Labels may be added
Km Km
1.3.3 Dike 1—Showing name to all types of dikes if
leader lineweight .175 mm desired.
KJd H-8 KJd Color fill shown for
KJd KJd
1.3.4 Dike 1—Showing variable thickness areal dikes is 50% red,
lineweight
leader lineweight .175 mm .15 mm but any color may be
H-8 lineweight .15 mm used.
Td Td
1.3.5 Dike intruding fault
leader lineweight .175 mm lineweight .375 mm
90° lineweight .375 mm Dike symbols shown
1.3.6 Dike 2—Certain may either be used
1.75 mm lineweight .30 mm alone or on maps that
3.5 mm show more than one
type of dike.
1.0 mm
all lineweights .375 mm
1.3.8 Dike 3—Certain
1.75 mm
3.5 mm
1.0 mm
lineweight .375 mm
dot diameter 1.5 mm
3.5 mm
1.0 mm
circle diameter lineweight .375 mm
1.25 mm
lineweight .25 mm
3.5 mm
1.0 mm
1.25 mm lineweight .375 mm
3.5 mm
1.0 mm
A–1–4
2—FAULTS
2.1—Faults (vertical, subvertical, reverse, or unspecified offset or orientation); shear zones; minor faults
Use nonspecific, non-
lineweight .375 mm
2.1.1 Fault—Certain ornamented faults
when character or
sense of offset of fault
is unknown; use also
2.1.2 Fault—Approximately located H-8
4.0 mm on small-scale maps to
? ? show regional fault pat-
terns.
1.0 mm
2.1.3 Fault—Approximately located, queried ? ? If character or sense of
offset is known and if
scale allows, use vari-
2.1.4
ous types of ornament-
Fault—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8 ed faults to indicate rel-
? ? ative motion.
1.0 mm
2.1.5 Fault—Inferred, queried ? ?
2.1.6 Fault—Concealed H-8

.5 mm
? ?
.5 mm
2.1.7 Fault—Concealed, queried ? ?
Place symbol ornamen-

H-8
2.1.8 Fault—Showing name
GOLDEN FAULT GOLDEN FAULT tation where observa-
tion was made.
15 15 HI-6 tick lineweight Dip value indicates a
.15 mm measured dip direction
2.1.9 Fault—Showing dip where known 90 90
1.75 mm and magnitude; add 90
1.75 mm if necessary for clarity.
65 arrow 3.0 mm 65
Fault—Showing direction and plunge of lineweight HI-6 Tick without dip value
2.1.10 .15 mm
lineation where known indicates general direc-
20° 1.5 mm tion of dip.
Arrow shows lineation
2.1.11 Fault—Tick shows direction of dip of fault; on fault surface; tick
arrow shows direction of lineation on fault and arrow may be com-
H-8
bined to show dip and
Fault—Showing relative motion: U, upthrown U U lineation at one locality.
2.1.12
block; D, downthrown block D D Use U/D on normal
faults when ball and bar
H-8 not used.
Fault—Showing relative motion in cross A A
2.1.13 section: A, away from observer; T, toward
T T Use A/T on strike-slip
observer faults in cross section.
hachure lineweight Usually reserved for
2.1.14 Normal fault on small-scale maps—Tick on .175 mm
maps at scales of
downthrown side .75 mm 1:1,000,000 or smaller.
lineweight .25 mm
G H-7
2.1.15 Graben on small-scale maps—Ticks on G
downthrown side
H-7
Reverse fault on small-scale maps—R on R R
2.1.16
upthrown block
3.75 mm Use S-shaped symbols
2.1.17 Shear zone to indicate trend of my-
lineweight .15 mm 60° 1.75 mm lonite or other linear
shear zones; spacing
may be varied to show
2.1.18 Zone of sheared rock within fault, type 1
pattern 405-K (at ~45° intensity of shear. Width
to trend on map) of zone may vary.
Patterns may overprint
2.1.19 Zone of sheared rock within fault, type 2 other units or be used
pattern 401-K as map units alone;
add contacts when
2.1.20 pattern 401-K shear zones have well-
Zone of sheared rock around fault defined boundaries.
HI-6 tick lineweight Use to show minor

80 80 .2 mm
2.1.21 Minor inclined fault—Showing strike and dip 1.375 mm faults observed in out-
5.5 lineweight
mm .375 mm crop in terrain where
they cannot be traced
2.1.22
Minor vertical or near-vertical fault—Showing elsewhere.
2.5 mm
strike
A–2–1
2—FAULTS (continued)
2.2—Normal faults
1.0 mm .875 mm diameter Ball and bar on down-
2.2.1 Normal fault—Certain tick thrown block.
lineweight
lineweight .375 mm .15 mm Place ball and bar
along fault to indicate
2.2.2 Normal fault—Approximately located general character of
4.0 mm H-8 fault segment, not nec-
? ? essarily at a specific lo-
cality where an obser-
Normal fault—Approximately located, queried 1.0 mm
2.2.3 ? ? vation was made.
Ball and bar symbol is
preferred over U/D no-
2.2.4 Normal fault—Inferred tation; do not mix both
1.5 mm H-8 types on same map.
? ? Ball and bar may be
1.0 mm combined with strike-
2.2.5 Normal fault—Inferred, queried ? ? slip arrows to show ob-
lique offset.
In cross section, use
2.2.6 Normal fault—Concealed paired arrows (used for
.5 mm H-8
strike-slip faults in map
? ? view) to show normal
Normal fault—Concealed, queried .5 mm offset.
2.2.7 ? ?
2.3—Strike-slip faults
lineweight .375 mm Arrows show relative
2.3.1 Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Certain arrow motion.
lineweight
5.25 mm .2 mm Place arrows along
fault to indicate general
2.3.2
Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Approximately character of fault seg-
4.0 mm H-8
located ment, not necessarily
? ? at a specific locality
where an observation
Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Approximately 1.0 mm
2.3.3 ? ? was made.
located, queried
Use paired, not single,
arrows whenever pos-
2.3.4 Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Inferred sible.
1.5 mm H-8 Strike-slip arrows may
? ? be combined with ball
Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Inferred, 1.0 mm
and bar symbol to
2.3.5 ? ? show oblique offset.
queried
A/T notation to show
2.3.6 Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Concealed strike-slip offset.
.5 mm H-8
Paired arrows may also
? ? be used in cross sec-
Strike-slip fault, right-lateral offset—Concealed, .5 mm tion to show normal or
2.3.7 ? ?
queried thrust offset.
lineweight .375 mm arrow Arrows show relative

2.3.8 lineweight motion.
Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Certain .2 mm
5.25 mm Place arrows along
fault to indicate general
2.3.9 Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Approximately character of fault seg-
4.0 mm H-8
located ment, not necessarily
? ? at a specific locality
where an observation
2.3.10 Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Approximately 1.0 mm was made.
? ?
located, queried
Use paired, not single,
arrows whenever pos-
2.3.11 Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Inferred sible.
1.5 mm H-8 Strike-slip arrows may
? ? be combined with ball
Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Inferred, 1.0 mm and bar symbol to
2.3.12 ? ?
queried show oblique offset.
A/T notation to show
2.3.13 Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Concealed strike-slip offset.
.5 mm H-8
Paired arrows may also
? ? be used in cross sec-
2.3.14 Strike-slip fault, left-lateral offset—Concealed, .5 mm tion to show normal or
? ?
queried thrust offset.
A–2–2
2.4—Thrust faults
lineweight .375 mm 60° Sawteeth on upper
2.4.1 Thrust fault, 1st generation—Certain 1.75 mm (tectonically higher)
sawtooth spacing 15.25 mm plate.
Sawteeth indicate gen-
2.4.2
Thrust fault, 1st generation—Approximately eral character of fault;
located H-8 4.0 mm they are not placed at
? specific locality where
an observation was
Thrust fault, 1st generation—Approximately 1.0 mm
made.
2.4.3 ?
located, queried
Do not vary size or
spacing of sawteeth to
2.4.4 Thrust fault, 1st generation—Inferred indicate different types
H-8 1.5 mm or generations of fault-
? ing (see below).
1.0 mm Strike-slip arrows may
2.4.5 Thrust fault, 1st generation—Inferred, queried ? be combined with saw-
teeth to show oblique
offset.
2.4.6 Thrust fault, 1st generation—Concealed .5 mm
H-8 paired arrows (used for
? strike-slip faults in map
.5 mm view) to show thrust
2.4.7 Thrust fault, 1st generation—Concealed, queried ? offset.
60° lineweight
Sawteeth on upper
1.75 mm .375 mm
2.4.8 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Certain (tectonically higher)
sawtooth lineweight .2 mm; spacing 15.25 mm plate.
Use to indicate another
2.4.9
Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Approximately type or generation of
located H-8 4.0 mm thrust fault when more
? than one is shown on
map.
2.4.10
Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Approximately 1.0 mm
located, queried ?
2.4.11 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Inferred

H-8 1.5 mm
?
2.4.12 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Inferred, queried 1.0 mm
?
2.4.13 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Concealed .5 mm H-8

?
.5 mm
2.4.14 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Concealed, queried ?
60° lineweight
Sawteeth on upper
1.75 mm .375 mm
2.4.15 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Certain (tectonically higher)
sawtooth lineweight .2 mm; spacing 15.25 mm plate.
Use to indicate a third
2.4.16 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Approximately type or generation of
located H-8 4.0 mm thrust fault when more
? than two are shown on
map.
2.4.17 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Approximately 1.0 mm
located, queried ?
2.4.18 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

?
2.4.19 1.0 mm
Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Inferred, queried ?
2.4.20 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Concealed .5 mm H-8

?
.5 mm
2.4.21 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Concealed, queried ?
A–2–3
2.5—Overturned thrust faults
1.75 mm 60° lineweight .375 mmBars on upper (tectoni-
2.5.1 Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation—Certain .5 cally higher) plate; saw-
2.0 mm
mm 30° sawtooth spacing 15.25 mm teeth in direction of dip.
Bars and sawteeth indi-
Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation— cate general character
2.5.2
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm of fault; they are not
? placed at specific local-
ity where an observa-
Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation— 1.0 mm
2.5.3 ? tion was made.
Approximately located, queried
Do not vary size or
spacing of bars and
2.5.4
sawteeth to indicate
Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation—Inferred 1.5 mm
H-8 different types or gen-
? erations of faulting (see
below).
Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation—Inferred, 1.0 mm
2.5.5
queried ? Strike-slip arrows may
be combined with bars
and sawteeth to show
2.5.6 Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation— oblique offset.
Concealed .5 mm H-8
? paired arrows (used for
Overturned thrust fault, 1st generation— .5 mm strike-slip faults in map
2.5.7 ? view) to show thrust
Concealed, queried
offset.
1.75 mm 60° lineweight .375 mm Bars on upper (tectoni-
2.5.8 Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation—Certain .5 cally higher) plate; saw-
mm 30° 2.0 mm
sawtooth lineweight .2 mm; spacing 15.25 mm
teeth in direction of dip.
2.5.9
Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation— type or generation of
Approximately located 4.0 mm H-8 overturned thrust fault
? when more than one is
shown on map.
2.5.10
Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation— ? 1.0 mm
2.5.11 Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation—Inferred

1.5 mm
H-8
?
2.5.12 Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation—Inferred, 1.0 mm
queried ?
2.5.13
Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation—
Concealed .5 mm H-8
?
Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation— .5 mm
2.5.14
Concealed, queried ?
1.75 mm 60° lineweight .375 mm Bars on upper (tectoni-

2.5.15 Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation—Certain .5 cally higher) plate; saw-
mm 30° 2.0 mm
sawtooth lineweight .2 mm; spacing 15.25 mm
teeth in direction of dip.
2.5.16 Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation— type or generation of
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm overturned thrust fault
? when more than two
are shown on map.
2.5.17 Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation— 1.0 mm
?
2.5.18 Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

?
2.5.19 Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation—Inferred, 1.0 mm
?
queried
Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation—

2.5.20
Concealed .5 mm H-8
?
2.5.21
Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation— .5 mm
A–2–4
2.6—Detachment faults
lineweight .375 mm .625 mm radius Half-circles on upper
2.6.1 Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation—Certain (tectonically higher)
half-circle spacing 15.25 mm plate.
Half-circles indicate
Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation— general character of
2.6.2
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm fault; they are not
? placed at specific
locality where an
Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation— 1.0 mm
2.6.3 ? observation was made.
Do not vary size or
spacing of half-circles
2.6.4 Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation—Inferred to indicate different
H-8 1.5 mm types or generations of
? faulting (see below).
Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation—Inferred, 1.0 mm In cross section, use
2.6.5 ?
queried paired arrows (used for
view) to show low-
2.6.6 Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation— angle normal offset.
Concealed H-8 .5 mm
?
2.6.7
Detachment fault, type 1, 1st generation— ?
.5 mm
Concealed, queried
lineweight .375 mm .625 mm Half-circles on upper

radius
2.6.8 Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation—Certain (tectonically higher)
half-circle lineweight .2 mm; spacing 15.25 mm
plate.
2.6.9
Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation— type or generation of
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm detachment fault when
? more than one is
shown on map.
Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation— 1.0 mm
2.6.10 ?
2.6.11 Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation—Inferred

H-8 1.5 mm
?
2.6.12 Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation— ? 1.0 mm
Inferred, queried
2.6.13
Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation—
Concealed H-8 .5 mm
?
2.6.14
Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation— .5 mm
lineweight .375 mm .625 mm Half-circles on upper

radius
2.6.15 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation—Certain (tectonically higher)
half-circle lineweight .2 mm; spacing 15.25 mm plate.
2.6.16 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation— type or generation of
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm detachment fault when
? more than two are
shown on map.
2.6.17 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation— 1.0 mm
?
2.6.18 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation—Inferred

H-8 1.5 mm
?
2.6.19 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation—Inferred, 1.0 mm
queried ?
2.6.20 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation—

Concealed H-8 .5 mm
?
2.6.21
Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation— .5 mm
A–2–5
2.6—Detachment faults (continued)
lineweight .375 mm 1.25 mm Hachures on upper
2.6.22 Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation—Certain (tectonically higher)
hachure lineweight .25 mm; height 1.0 mm; plate.
spacing between hachure pairs 14.0 mm
Hachures indicate
Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation— general character of
2.6.23
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm fault; they are not
? placed at specific
locality where an
Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation— 1.0 mm
2.6.24 ? observation was made.
Do not vary size or
spacing of hachures to
2.6.25 Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation—Inferred indicate different types
H-8 1.5 mm or generations of
? faulting (see below).
Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation—Inferred, 1.0 mm In cross section, use
2.6.26 ?
queried paired arrows (used for
view) to show low-
2.6.27 Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation— angle normal offset.
H-8 .5 mm
Concealed
?
2.6.28
Detachment fault, type 2, 1st generation— ?
.5 mm
Concealed, queried
1.25 mm Boxes on upper (tec-
lineweight .375 mm
2.6.29 Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation—Certain tonically higher) plate.
box lineweight .25 mm; height 1.0 mm;
spacing between boxes 14.0 mm Use to indicate another
type or generation of
2.6.30
Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation— detachment fault when
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm more than one is
? shown on map.
Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation— 1.0 mm
2.6.31 ?
2.6.32 Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation—

H-8 1.5 mm
Inferred
?
2.6.33 Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation— ? 1.0 mm
Inferred, queried
2.6.34
Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation—
Concealed H-8 .5 mm
?
2.6.35
Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation— .5 mm
lineweight .375 mm 1.25 mm Boxes on upper (tec-

2.6.36 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation—Certain tonically higher) plate.
box lineweight .25 mm; height 1.0 mm;
spacing between boxes 14.0 mm Use to indicate a third
type or generation of
2.6.37 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation— detachment fault when
Approximately located H-8 4.0 mm more than two are
? shown on map.

?
2.6.39 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation—Inferred

H-8 1.5 mm
?
Inferred, queried ?
2.6.41 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation—

H-8 .5 mm
Concealed
?
2.6.42
Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation— .5 mm
A–2–6
3—BOUNDARIES LOCATED BY GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS

3.1—Boundaries and faults located by geophysical methods
lineweight .15 mm Use for boundaries that
3.1.1 Boundary—Located by geophysical methods have been defined by
3.5 mm .5 mm measured contrasts in
rock properties but that
H-8
AM AM may not be definitively
3.1.2 Boundary—Located by aeromagnetic survey
identifiable as either a
contact or a fault by
H-8 survey methods.
3.1.3 Boundary—Located by ground magnetic survey M M
Indicate type of survey
if known. Technique
H-8 and accuracy should
3.1.4 Boundary—Located by gravity survey
G G be described in map
explanation.
H-8
3.1.5 Boundary—Located by radiometric survey R R
lineweight .375 mm Use when boundary is

3.1.6 Fault—Located by geophysical methods identified as a fault by
3.5 mm .5 mm geophysical survey or
by other evidence that
H-8
AM AM contributes to survey.
3.1.7 Fault—Located by aeromagnetic survey
H-8
3.1.8 M M
Fault—Located by ground magnetic survey
H-8
3.1.9 Fault—Located by gravity survey G G
H-8
3.1.10 Fault—Located by radiometric survey R R
3.2—Geophysical survey lines and stations

lineweight
Geophysical data collection line—Accurately .125 mm Specify location accu-
3.2.1 dash length 3.75 mm; racy of data collection
located space length 3.75 mm
lines.
Orientation of cross
Geophysical data collection line—Located by lineweight ticks follows survey
3.2.2 .125 mm dash length 7.5 mm;
aerial survey lines.
space length 7.5 mm
Survey stations are
Cross ticks showing location and orientation of tick lineweight .125 mm control points for geo-
3.2.3 data collection lines crossing geophysical 1.25
mm physical survey.
boundary
dot diameter .3 mm
3.2.4 Survey station 1.75 mm
lineweight .15 mm
60°
A–3–1
4—LINEAMENTS AND JOINTS

lineweight .375 mm Determined from aerial
4.1 Lineament photographs; not field
4.5 mm 1.25 mm checked.
.75 mm
Use to show large-scale
4.2 Joint—Certain joint patterns.
lineweight .3 mm
.5 mm
4.3 Joint—Approximately located
1.75 mm
5 HI-6 5
4.4 Multiple joints—Showing dip where known 1.75 mm tick lineweight
.15 mm
lineweight .15 mm 1.125 mm Use to show minor

4.5 Horizontal joint, type 1 joints observed in out-
circle diameter 2.375 mm crop in terrain where
HI-6
they cannot be traced
1.125 mm
30 30 elsewhere.
4.6 Inclined joint, type 1—Showing strike and dip .625 mm
5.0
mm
4.7
Vertical or near-vertical joint, type 1—Showing
1.25 mm
strike
lineweight .15 mm 1.125 mm Use to indicate another

4.8 Horizontal joint, type 2 type or generation of
circle diameter 2.375 mm minor joints when more
1.125 mm
than one is shown on
HI-6
35 35 map.
4.9 Inclined joint, type 2—Showing strike and dip .625 mm
5.0
mm
4.10
Vertical or near-vertical joint, type 2—Showing
1.25 mm
strike
60 60 Use when several mi-
4.11 Multiple joints of a single type 48 54 48 54 nor joints of different
orientation and (or)
33
type are observed at
67 33 67
Multiple joints of a single type (use when multiple 27 63 27 63
the same locality.
4.12
symbols would otherwise overlap) 51 51 Point of observation is
46 46
the junction point com-
45 41 45 41 mon to all strike lines.
4.13 Multiple joints of different types
55 55
81 37 43 81 37 43
4.14
Multiple joints of different types (use when multiple
symbols would otherwise overlap) 82 82
75 75
A–4–1
5—FOLDS
5.1—Anticlines; antiforms
line color 40° Place arrows perpen-
100% magenta 1.25 mm
5.1.1 Anticline—Certain dicular to fold trace to
4.5 mm arrow lineweight
lineweight .25 mm .175 mm
indicate general char-
acter of fold segment;
do not place at specific
5.1.2 Anticline—Approximately located 3.5 mm locality where observa-
H-8
? ? tion was made.
Preferred usage is to
5.1.3 Anticline—Approximately located, queried ? ? 1.0 mm show trace of axial sur-
face of fold, not crest or
trough; if the latter are
shown instead, specify
5.1.4 Anticline—Inferred
H-8 in symbol explanation.
? ? For folds that have
1.5 mm near-vertical axial sur-
5.1.5 Anticline—Inferred, queried 1.0 mm
? ? faces, trace of axial
surface is independent
of topography.
5.1.6 Anticline—Concealed May also be shown in
.5 mm H-8 black or other colors.
? ?
.5 mm
5.1.7 Anticline—Concealed, queried ? ?
H-8 Although only shown

5.1.8 Anticline—Showing name PIKE ANTICLINE PIKE ANTICLINE on anticlines, symbol
text color 100% magenta ornamentation may be
1.5 mm added to any type of
fold trace.
5.1.9 Plunging anticline—Showing direction of plunge
Plunge arrowheads in-
60°
dicate general direction
1.5 mm
of plunge only; do not
5.1.10 Doubly plunging anticline add plunge angle.
60° Plunge arrowheads
15 60° 15 HI-6 (100% may also be placed
5.1.11
Anticline—Showing direction and plunge of fold black) within fold trace.
axis 1.125 mm
arrow lineweight .175 mm 3.25 mm If trace of axial surface
lineweight
differs significantly from
Anticline—Showing direction of closure of near- .2 mm real plunge direction
5.1.12
vertical fold limbs because of the topog-
1.25 mm radius
raphy and (or) charac-
H-8 ter of fold, show direc-
AS AS tion and plunge as
5.1.13 Anticline—Axial surface (AS) of fold
text color 100% magenta separate arrow placed
along fold trace.
Anticline—Showing crest line (CS) of fold where it CS crest CS Label both axial sur-
5.1.14 AS lineweight AS
diverges from axial surface .2 mm face and crest and
.5 mm 2.0 mm
trough lines if both are
TS trough TS shown on one map.
5.1.15 Anticline—Showing trough line (TS) of fold where AS lineweight AS
it diverges from axial surface .2 mm May also be shown in
.5 mm 2.0 mm black or other colors.
A–5–1
5—FOLDS (continued)
5.1—Anticlines; antiforms (continued)
5.1.16 Antiform, 1st type—Certain dicular to fold trace to
lineweight .25 mm .175 mm indicate general char-
5.1.17 Antiform, 1st type—Approximately located 3.5 mm H-8 locality where observa-
? ? tion was made.
Antiform, 1st type—Approximately located, Preferred usage is to
1.0 mm
5.1.18
queried ? ? show trace of axial sur-
5.1.19 Antiform, 1st type—Inferred shown instead, specify
1.5 mm 1.0 mm
near-vertical axial sur-
5.1.20 Antiform, 1st type—Inferred, queried ? ? faces, trace of axial
of topography.
5.1.21 Antiform, 1st type—Concealed May also be shown in
.5 mm H-8
black or other colors.
? ?
.5 mm
5.1.22 Antiform, 1st type—Concealed, queried ? ?
line color 60°

100% magenta 1.25 mm Use to indicate another
5.1.23 Antiform, 2nd type—Certain type or generation of
4.5 mm arrow and arrowhead
lineweight .25 mm lineweight .175 mm antiform when more
5.1.24 Antiform, 2nd type—Approximately located map.
3.5 mm H-8
? ? black or other colors.
Antiform, 2nd type—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
5.1.25 ? ?
queried
5.1.26 Antiform, 2nd type—Inferred

H-8
? ?
1.5 mm 1.0 mm
5.1.27 Antiform, 2nd type—Inferred, queried ? ?
5.1.28 Antiform, 2nd type—Concealed H-8

.5 mm
? ?
.5 mm
5.1.29 Antiform, 2nd type—Concealed, queried ? ?
A–5–2
5.2—Asymmetric, overturned, and inverted anticlines
2.125 mm 40° lineweight .25 mm Beds are upright; short-
1.25 mm
5.2.1 Asymmetric anticline—Certain er arrow indicates
3.25 mm arrow lineweight .175 mm
line color 100% magenta
steeper limb.
Place arrows perpen-
dicular to fold trace to
5.2.2 Asymmetric anticline—Approximately located 3.5 mm
H-8 indicate general charac-
? ? ter of fold segment; do
not place at specific lo-
Asymmetric anticline—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
5.2.3 ? ? cality where observation
queried
was made.
5.2.4 Asymmetric anticline—Inferred show trace of axial sur-
H-8
? ? trough; if the latter are
1.5 mm shown instead, specify
5.2.5 Asymmetric anticline—Inferred, queried ? ? 1.0 mm in symbol explanation.
For folds having near-
vertical axial surfaces,
5.2.6 Asymmetric anticline—Concealed trace of axial surface is
.5 mm H-8 independent of topogra-
? ? phy.
.5 mm May also be shown in
5.2.7 Asymmetric anticline—Concealed, queried ? ? black or other colors.
lineweight .25 mm 40° Beds on one limb are

2.125 mm 1.25 mm
5.2.8 Overturned anticline—Certain overturned; arrows
line color 1.0 mm radius show direction of dip of
100% magenta arrow lineweight .175 mm
limbs.
5.2.9 Overturned anticline—Approximately located 3.5 mm
H-8 dicular to fold trace to
? ? indicate general char-
5.2.10
Overturned anticline—Approximately located, 1.0 mm do not place at specific
queried ? ?
locality where observa-
tion was made.
5.2.11 Overturned anticline—Inferred
H-8 show trace of axial sur-
? ? face of fold, not crest or
1.5 mm 1.0 mm
5.2.12 Overturned anticline—Inferred, queried ? ? shown instead, specify
in symbol explanation.
For folds that have
5.2.13 Overturned anticline—Concealed faces, trace of axial
.5 mm H-8
? ?
of topography.
.5 mm
5.2.14 Overturned anticline—Concealed, queried ? ? May also be shown in
line color 40° Beds on both limbs are
5.2.15 Inverted anticline—Certain overturned; arrows
2.125 mm .875 mm radius
lineweight .25 mm arrow lineweight .175 mm
show direction of dip of
limbs.
5.2.16
Inverted anticline—Approximately located 3.5 mm
H-8
5.2.17 Inverted anticline—Approximately located, queried 1.0 mm do not place at specific
? ?
tion was made.
5.2.18
Inverted anticline—Inferred show trace of axial sur-
H-8
1.5 mm 1.0 mm shown instead, specify
5.2.19 Inverted anticline—Inferred, queried ? ?
For folds that have
5.2.20
Inverted anticline—Concealed faces, trace of axial
.5 mm H-8
? ?
of topography.
.5 mm
5.2.21 Inverted anticline—Concealed, queried ? ? May also be shown in
A–5–3
5.3—Synclines; synforms
5.3.1 Syncline—Certain dicular to fold trace to
4.5 mm
lineweight .25 mm arrow lineweight .175 mm indicate general char-
5.3.2 Syncline—Approximately located 3.5 mm
H-8 locality where observa-
? ? tion was made.
5.3.3 Syncline—Approximately located, queried ? ? 1.0 mm show trace of axial sur-
5.3.4 Syncline—Inferred
1.0 mm
5.3.5 Syncline—Inferred, queried ? ? faces, trace of axial
of topography.
5.3.6 Syncline—Concealed May also be shown in
? ?
.5 mm
5.3.7 Syncline—Concealed, queried ? ?

100% 1.25 mm
5.3.8 Synform, 1st type—Certain magenta dicular to fold trace to
lineweight .25 mm .175 mm indicate general char-
5.3.9 Synform, 1st type—Approximately located 3.5 mm locality where observa-
H-8
? ? tion was made.
5.3.10
Synform, 1st type—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
queried
? ? show trace of axial sur-
5.3.11 Synform, 1st type—Inferred
5.3.12 Synform, 1st type—Inferred, queried ? ? 1.0 mm
faces, trace of axial
of topography.
5.3.13 Synform, 1st type—Concealed May also be shown in
? ?
.5 mm
5.3.14 Synform, 1st type—Concealed, queried ? ?
line color 30°

1.25 mm
100% magenta
5.3.15 Synform, 2nd type—Certain type or generation of
4.5 mm arrow and arrowhead
lineweight .25 mm lineweight .175 mm synform when more
map.
5.3.16 Synform, 2nd type—Approximately located 3.5 mm H-8 May also be shown in
? ? black or other colors.
5.3.17 Synform, 2nd type—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
? ?
queried
5.3.18 Synform, 2nd type—Inferred

H-8
? ?
1.5 mm 1.0 mm
5.3.19 Synform, 2nd type—Inferred, queried ? ?
5.3.20 Synform, 2nd type—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm
5.3.21 Synform, 2nd type—Concealed, queried ? ?
A–5–4
5.4—Asymmetric, overturned, and inverted synclines
line color 2.125 20°
mm 1.25 mm Beds are upright; short-
5.4.1 Asymmetric syncline—Certain 100%
magenta lineweight .25 mm
er arrow indicates
3.25 mm arrow lineweight .175 mm steeper limb.
5.4.2 Asymmetric syncline—Approximately located 3.5 mm dicular to fold trace to
H-8 indicate general char-
? ? acter of fold segment;
Asymmetric syncline—Approximately located, do not place at specific
5.4.3 ? ? 1.0 mm
queried locality where observa-
tion was made.
5.4.4 Asymmetric syncline—Inferred show trace of axial sur-
H-8 face of fold, not crest or
? ? trough; if the latter are
1.5 mm shown instead, specify
1.0 mm
5.4.5 Asymmetric syncline—Inferred, queried ? ? in symbol explanation.
For folds that have
5.4.6 Asymmetric syncline—Concealed faces, trace of axial
.5 mm
H-8 surface is independent
? ? of topography.
.5 mm
5.4.7 Asymmetric syncline—Concealed, queried ? ? May also be shown in
lineweight .25 mm 20° Beds on one limb are
2.125 mm 1.25 mm
5.4.8 Overturned syncline—Certain overturned; arrows
line color 1.0 mm radius
100% magenta arrow lineweight .175 mm
show direction of dip of
limbs.
5.4.9 Overturned syncline—Approximately located Place arrows perpen-
3.5 mm H-8 dicular to fold trace to
5.4.10
Overturned syncline—Approximately located, 1.0 mm do not place at specific
queried ? ?
tion was made.
5.4.11 Overturned syncline—Inferred H-8 show trace of axial sur-
1.5 mm 1.0 mm
5.4.12 Overturned syncline—Inferred, queried ? ? shown instead, specify
For folds that have
5.4.13 Overturned syncline—Concealed
.5 mm H-8 faces, trace of axial
? ? surface is independent
.5 mm
of topography.
5.4.14 Overturned syncline—Concealed, queried ? ? May also be shown in
line color 20° lineweight .25 mm Beds on both limbs are
5.4.15 Inverted syncline—Certain overturned; arrows
2.125 mm .875 mm radius show direction of dip of
arrow lineweight .175 mm
limbs.
5.4.16 Inverted syncline—Approximately located Place arrows perpen-
3.5 mm H-8 dicular to fold trace to
5.4.17 Inverted syncline—Approximately located, queried ? ? 1.0 mm do not place at specific
tion was made.
5.4.18 Inverted syncline—Inferred Preferred usage is to
H-8 show trace of axial sur-
1.5 mm
5.4.19 Inverted syncline—Inferred, queried ? ? 1.0 mm shown instead, specify
For folds that have
5.4.20 near-vertical axial sur-
Inverted syncline—Concealed H-8 faces, trace of axial
.5 mm
? ? surface is independent
.5 mm of topography.
5.4.21 Inverted syncline—Concealed, queried ? ? May also be shown in
A–5–5
5.5—Monoclines
line color 40°
100% magenta 1.375 mmArrow points in direc-
5.5.1 Monocline—Certain tion of dip.
arrow lineweight .175 mm Use to label trace of
maximum dip of sur-
5.5.2 Monocline—Approximately located 3.5 mm
face that connects anti-
H-8 clinal and synclinal
? ? bends too close togeth-
er to show as separate
5.5.3 Monocline—Approximately located, queried ? ? 1.0 mm
traces.
Place arrow perpendic-
ular to fold trace to indi-
5.5.4 Monocline—Inferred cate general character
H-8 of fold segment; do not
? ? place at specific locali-
1.5 mm ty where observation
Monocline—Inferred, queried 1.0 mm
5.5.5 ? ? was made.
5.5.6 Monocline—Concealed
H-8 .5 mm
? ?
.5 mm
5.5.7 Monocline—Concealed, queried ? ?
2.125 mm 40° 1.375 mm Shorter arrow on

5.5.8 Monocline, anticlinal bend—Certain 3.5 mm steeper beds.
line color lineweight .25 mm
100% magenta arrow lineweight .175 mm Use to label trace of
anticlinal bend of
5.5.9
Monocline, anticlinal bend—Approximately located monocline when both
3.5 mm H-8 anticlinal and synclinal
? ? bends can be shown at
map scale.
Monocline, anticlinal bend—Approximately 1.0 mm
5.5.10
located, queried
? ? Place arrows perpen-
5.5.11 Monocline, anticlinal bend—Inferred acter of fold segment;
H-8 do not place at specific
? ? locality where observa-
5.5.12 ? ? 1.0 mm
Monocline, anticlinal bend—Inferred, queried May also be shown in
5.5.13 Monocline, anticlinal bend—Concealed H-8 .5 mm

? ?
.5 mm
5.5.14 Monocline, anticlinal bend—Concealed, queried ? ?
line color 40° 1.375 mm

100% magenta Shorter arrow on
5.5.15 lineweight
Monocline, synclinal bend—Certain 3.5 mm .25 mm steeper beds.
2.125 mm arrow lineweight .175 mm Use to label trace of
synclinal bend of
5.5.16 Monocline, synclinal bend—Approximately monocline when both
3.5 mm
located H-8 anticlinal and synclinal
? ? bends can be shown at
Monocline, synclinal bend—Approximately map scale.
5.5.17 1.0 mm
located, queried ? ? Place arrows perpen-
5.5.18 Monocline, synclinal bend—Inferred acter of fold segment;
H-8 do not place at specific
? ? locality where observa-
5.5.19 Monocline, synclinal bend—Inferred, queried ? ? 1.0 mm
5.5.20 Monocline, synclinal bend—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm
5.5.21 Monocline, synclinal bend—Concealed, queried ? ?
A–5–6
5.6—Minor folds; boudinage
diameter 3.0 mm; lineweight .25 mm Preferred usage is to
lineweight .175 mm
5.6.1 Minor fold, horizontal axial surface show trace of axial sur-
color 100% magenta face; may be used sep-
60° arately or in combina-
4.25 mm 1.125 mm
Minor antiform, vertical or near-vertical axial tion with symbols for
5.6.2 color 100% lineweight .25 mm
surface—Showing strike 5.0 axes of minor folds.
magenta mm arrow lineweight .175 mm
Use when beds are too
65 tick lineweight HI-6 (100% black) tightly folded to show
5.6.3 Minor antiform, inclined axial surface—Showing 65
.175 mm 1.5 mm traces of individual
strike and dip
folds completely or
20° when folds are ob-
4.25 mm 1.125 mm
5.6.4 Minor anticline, vertical or near-vertical axial served in outcrop but
surface—Showing strike color 100% 5.0 lineweight .25 mm cannot be traced else-
magenta mm arrow lineweight .175 mm where.
HI-6 (100% black) May also be shown in
Minor anticline, inclined axial surface—Showing 55 tick lineweight 55
5.6.5 .175 mm 1.5 mm black or other colors.
strike and dip
15 HI-6 (100% black)

15
5.6.6 Minor overturned anticline, inclined axial surface— 2.125 mm lineweight .25 mm
Showing strike and dip color 100% 1.0 mm radius
magenta 20° arrow lineweight .175 mm
60°
4.25 mm 1.125 mm
5.6.7 Minor synform, vertical or near-vertical axial
surface—Showing strike color 100% 5.0 lineweight .25 mm
75 HI-6 (100% black)
5.6.8 Minor synform, inclined axial surface—Showing tick lineweight
75
1.5 mm
strike and dip .175 mm
20°
4.25 mm
5.6.9
Minor syncline, vertical or near-vertical axial 1.125 mm
surface—Showing strike color 100% 5.0 lineweight .25 mm
HI-6 (100% black) 70
Minor syncline, inclined axial surface—Showing 70
5.6.10 1.5 mm
strike and dip
tick lineweight .175 mm
arrow lineweight 20° 1.0 mm radius
Minor overturned syncline, inclined axial surface— .175 mm
5.6.11 2.125 mm lineweight .25 mm
Showing strike and dip 25 25 HI-6 (100% black)
1.375 mm Use of minor dome and
5.0
5.6.12 Minor dome mm color 100% magenta basin symbols is usual-
lineweight .175 mm ly restricted to small-
20°
1.375 mm
scale maps.
color 100%
5.6.13 Minor basin magenta 5.0
mm lineweight .175 mm May also be shown in
20° 2.125 mm
color 100% May be used separate-
magenta 2.5 mm
5.6.14 Vertical minor fold axis ly or in combination
60°
with other symbols.
color 100% 6.25 arrow For single, unidirection-
magenta mm lineweight al arrow symbols, the
5.6.15 Horizontal minor fold axis—Showing bearing 20o .175 mm
point of observation
dot diameter .75 mm 1.5 mm may either be in the
HI-6 (100% black) middle, at the tip, or at
5.6.16 Inclined minor fold axis—Showing bearing and
25 25 the tail end of the ar-
plunge
row; whichever is pre-
ferred, it is important to
5.6.17 10 specify in the symbol
Minor anticline—Showing bearing and plunge 10
.825 mm radius; explanation which
lineweight .175 mm method has been used.
For combined symbols,
5.6.18 Minor syncline—Showing bearing and plunge 18 18 the point of observation
.825 mm radius is at the tail end of the
.5 mm radius arrow, the junction
5.6.19 Minor fold, dextral rotation sense (Z–shaped 1.75 mm 23 point common to all
23
asymmetry)—Showing bearing and plunge symbols.
2.5 mm
.5 mm radius
Use when beds are too
Minor fold, sinistral rotation sense (S–shaped 1.75 mm 26
tightly folded to show
5.6.20 26
asymmetry)—Showing bearing and plunge traces of individual
2.5 mm folds completely or
when folds are ob-
22.5°
5.6.21 Minor folds—Showing bearing and plunge 17 17 served in outcrop but
cannot be traced else-
1.25 mm
where.
.825 mm radius May also be shown in
5.6.22 Boudinage—Showing bearing and plunge 30 30
.875 mm
A–5–7
5.7—Free-form fold symbology
Use to represent gen-
5.7.1 Open anticlinal fold eral character of struc-
tures in complexly de-
formed rocks or in
terranes where out-
5.7.2 Tight anticlinal fold crops are sparse.
Symbols are diagram-
matic: point of obser-
5.7.3 Open synclinal fold vation is not well-
specified, and lines that
represent fold limbs
5.7.4
often extend over areas
Tight synclinal fold
far from site of obser-
vation.
5.7.5 Isoclinal fold black or other colors.
Complex fold—Showing direction and plunge. Examples of free-form

5.7.6 Triangle indicates dip of foliation; tick indicates fold symbology showing
dip of beds actual structures (locat-
90 ed accurately and to
Trace of iron formation—Showing dip. Dashed scale).
5.7.7
where inferred May be combined with
80
other planar and linear
45
features.
5.7.8 Trace of gneiss—Showing dip of foliation and M
bearing and plunge of mineral lineation 17
60
A–5–8
6—BEDDING
lineweight .15 mm May be used separate-
6.1 Horizontal bedding ly or in combination
diameter 2.5 mm with other symbols.
lineweight .15 mm For all individual sym-
6.2
Inclined bedding—Showing strike and direction .875 mm bols other than hori-
of dip 5.0
mm zontal bedding, point of
observation is at the
HI-6 midpoint of strike line.
6.3 Inclined bedding—Showing strike and dip 40 40
For combined symbols,
point of observation is
dot diameter .75 mm at the junction point
6.4 Inclined bedding—Showing strike and dip. Top 30 30 common to all strike
direction of beds known from local features lines.
Use ball indicating
known top direction on-
6.5 Vertical bedding—Showing strike 1.75 mm
ly on maps where top
direction may be in
Vertical bedding—Showing strike. Ball shows top dot diameter .75 mm doubt elsewhere.
6.6 direction of beds where known from local
features
65 65
6.7 Overturned bedding—Showing strike and dip
.625 mm radius
dot diameter .75 mm

6.8
Overturned bedding—Showing strike and dip. Top 85 85
direction of beds known from local features
6.9 Bedding overturned more than 180 degrees— 20 20 .375 mm radius

1.375 mm
Showing strike and dip
Bedding overturned more than 180 degrees— dot diameter .75 mm

6.10 10 10
Showing strike and dip. Top direction of beds
known from local features
lineweight .15 mm HI-6
Inclined crenulated or warped bedding—Showing 55 .7 mm
6.11 55 .875 mm
approximate strike and dip 5.0 .375 mm radius
mm
6.12
Vertical or near-vertical crenulated or warped 2.0 mm
bedding—Showing approximate strike
lineweight .15 mm
25 25
6.13 Inclined graded bedding—Showing strike and dip .875 mm .45 mm
.5 mm .4 mm
6.14 Vertical or near-vertical graded bedding—Showing 2.0 mm

strike
dashed lines interrupted
6.15 Overturned graded bedding—Showing strike and 70 70 around dip symbol
dip
.625 mm radius
5.0 mm
Inclined bedding in crossbedded rocks—Showing 35 35
6.16 1.0 mm
approximate strike and dip lineweight HI-6
.15 mm .75 mm .625 mm radius
Vertical or near-vertical bedding in crossbedded scalloped lines

6.17 2.25 mm interrupted around
rocks—Showing approximate strike dip symbol
Overturned bedding in crossbedded rocks— 75 75

6.18
Showing approximate strike and dip
.625 mm radius
A–6–1
6—BEDDING (continued)
lineweight .15 mm 2.0 mm Uncertainty is for meas-
6.19
Inclined bedding—Showing approximate strike .75 mm ured values, not for lo-
.25 mm
and direction of dip cation of observation.
1.0 mm
Vertical or near-vertical bedding—Showing 2.0 mm

6.20
approximate strike
2.125 mm
Usually reserved for
6.21 Horizontal bedding, determined from aerial use on reconnaissance
photographs lineweight
.75 mm geologic maps.
.15 mm
1.375 mm
Gently inclined (between 0° and 30°) bedding,
6.22 determined from aerial photographs—Showing .875 mm
approximate strike and direction of dip lineweight .15 mm .5 mm
Moderately inclined (between 30° and 60°) bedding, .5 mm
6.23 determined from aerial photographs—Showing
approximate strike and direction of dip
.5 mm
Steeply inclined (between 60° and 90°) bedding,
6.24 determined from aerial photographs—Showing
approximate strike and direction of dip .5 mm
Vertical or near-vertical bedding, determined from
6.25 aerial photographs—Showing approximate 1.75 mm
strike
A–6–2
7—CLEAVAGE
lineweight .15 mm dash .375 mm;
space .375 mm
7.1 Horizontal cleavage, type 1
.75 mm
diameter 3.175 mm
HI-6
Inclined cleavage, type 1—Showing strike and 20 20
7.2 1.0 mm
dip lineweight 5.0
.15 mm mm
7.3
Vertical or near-vertical cleavage, type 1— 1.5 mm
Showing strike
lineweight 1.125 mm Use when more than

.15 mm
7.4 Horizontal cleavage, type 2 one type of cleavage is
3.5 mm
shown on map.
25 25
7.5 Inclined cleavage, type 2—Showing strike and dip 1.0 mm
.5 mm
Vertical or near-vertical cleavage, type 2— 1.5 mm

7.6
Showing strike
A–7–1
8—FOLIATION
8.1—Foliation and layering in igneous rock
dot diameter .5 mm 1.25 mm May be used separate-
8.1.1 Massive igneous rock ly or in combination
90°
with other symbols.
lineweight .15 mm
For individual symbols
8.1.2 Horizontal flow foliation or layering in igneous rock 1.75 mm other than horizontal
foliation and massive
diameter 2.5 mm 60° igneous rock, point of
5.0 mm HI-6 observation is midpoint
8.1.3 Inclined flow foliation or layering in igneous rock— 10 .875 mm
10
of strike line.
60° lineweight .15 mm For combined symbols,
point of observation is
8.1.4 Vertical or near-vertical flow foliation or layering in 1.75 mm the junction point com-
igneous rock—Showing strike mon to all strike lines.
60°
Use symbol for mas-
Inclined crinkled or deformed flow foliation or 5.0 mm HI-6
20 20 sive igneous rock at lo-
8.1.5 layering in igneous rock—Showing approximate .875 mm
.375 mm cality where foliation
strike and dip lineweight .15 mm 60° 1.0 mm radius and lineation are ab-
sent.
Vertical or near-vertical crinkled or deformed flow
8.1.6 1.75 mm Use ball indicating
foliation or layering in igneous rock—Showing
approximate strike 60°
known top direction of
layers only on maps
Horizontal cumulate foliation parallel to layering in where top direction
8.1.7
igneous rock may be in doubt else-
diameter 2.5 mm where.
8.1.8
Inclined cumulate foliation parallel to layering in 45 .875 mm
45
igneous rock—Showing strike and dip .5 mm
5.0
mm
Inclined cumulate foliation parallel to upright layering 30
8.1.9 in igneous rock—Showing strike and dip. Top 30
direction of layers known from local features dot diameter .75 mm
8.1.10 Vertical or near-vertical cumulate foliation parallel 2.25 mm

to layering in igneous rock—Showing strike
Vertical or near-vertical cumulate foliation parallel
8.1.11 to layering in igneous rock—Showing strike.
Ball shows top direction of layers where known
from local features dot diameter .75 mm
Inclined cumulate foliation parallel to overturned underbar interrupted

70 70 around dip symbol
8.1.12 layering in igneous rock—Showing strike and
dip .625 mm radius
Inclined cumulate foliation parallel to overturned
80 80
8.1.13 layering in igneous rock—Showing strike and dip.
Top direction of layers known from local features dot diameter .75 mm
5.0 mm
Inclined crinkled or deformed cumulate foliation in HI-6 tick length
8.1.14 15 15
layered igneous rock—Showing approximate .375 mm .3 mm
.875 mm
strike and dip 1.0 mm radius lineweight .15 mm
Vertical or near-vertical crinkled or deformed
8.1.15 cumulate foliation in layered igneous rock— 2.25 mm
Showing approximate strike
diameter 2.75 mm
8.1.16 Horizontal compaction foliation in ash-flow tuff
lineweight .15 mm 60°
5.0 mm
Inclined compaction foliation in ash-flow tuff— 20 20
8.1.17 .875 mm HI-6
.5 mm lineweight .15 mm
Vertical or near-vertical compaction foliation in 1.5 mm

8.1.18
ash-flow tuff—Showing strike
1.0 mm radius HI-6
Inclined crinkled or deformed compaction foliation 25
25 .875 mm
8.1.19 in ash-flow tuff—Showing approximate strike .375 mm
lineweight 5.0
and dip .15 mm mm
Vertical or near-vertical crinkled or deformed
8.1.20 compaction foliation in ash-flow tuff—Showing 1.75 mm
approximate strike
A–8–1
8—FOLIATION (continued)
8.2—Foliation and layering in metamorphic rock
diameter 2.5 mm
1.75 mm May be used separately
8.2.1 Horizontal foliation in metamorphic rock or in combination with
lineweight .15 mm 60° other symbols.
5.0 mm For individual symbols
Inclined foliation in metamorphic rock—Showing 10 10 HI-6 other than horizontal fo-
8.2.2 .875 mm
strike and dip lineweight .15 mm liation, point of observa-
60° tion is midpoint of strike
line.
8.2.3
Vertical or near-vertical foliation in metamorphic 1.75 mm
rock—Showing strike For combined symbols,
60° point of observation is
Inclined crinkled or deformed foliation in 5.0 mm HI-6 the junction point com-
40 40 mon to all strike lines.
8.2.4 metamorphic rock—Showing approximate strike .375 mm .875 mm
and dip lineweight .15 mm 60° 1.0 mm radius
Use ball indicating
known top direction of
Vertical or near-vertical crinkled or deformed beds only on maps
1.75 mm
8.2.5 foliation in metamorphic rock—Showing where top direction may
approximate strike 60° be in doubt elsewhere.
diameter 2.5 mm lineweight .15 mm
8.2.6 Horizontal foliation parallel to bedding in 1.75 mm
metamorphic rock
60°
HI-6 5.0 mm
Inclined foliation parallel to bedding in 45 45
8.2.7 .875 mm .75 mm
metamorphic rock—Showing strike and dip
60°
Inclined foliation parallel to upright bedding in 35 35
8.2.8 metamorphic rock—Showing strike and dip. Top
direction of beds known from local features dot diameter .75 mm
8.2.9
Vertical or near-vertical foliation parallel to bedding 3.25 mm
in metamorphic rock—Showing strike
60°
Vertical or near-vertical foliation parallel to bedding
8.2.10 in metamorphic rock—Showing strike. Ball
shows top direction of layers where known from
local features dot diameter .75 mm
Inclined foliation parallel to overturned bedding in 75 75

8.2.11
metamorphic rock—Showing strike and dip
.625 mm radius
Inclined foliation parallel to overturned bedding in 85 85
8.2.12 metamorphic rock—Showing strike and dip. Top
direction of beds known from local features dot diameter .75 mm
A–8–2
9—LINEATION
lineweight 5.0 May be used separate-
Lineation—Showing bearing and direction of .15 mm mm
9.1 ly or in combination
plunge 25°
1.5 mm with other symbols.
For single, unidirection-
9.2 Lineation—Showing bearing and plunge 20 20 al arrow symbols, the
HI-6 point of observation
may either be in the
middle, at the tip, or at
9.3 Horizontal lineation—Showing bearing 5.0 the tail end of the ar-
mm
row; whichever is pre-
lineweight .15 mm ferred, it is important to
4.5 specify in the symbol
9.4 Vertical lineation 45° mm
explanation which
1.375 mm method has been used.
Mineral lineation indicated by aligned streaks on H-7 For combined symbols,
9.5 foliation surface (A lineation)—Showing bearing M M the point of observation
and direction of plunge is at the tail end of the
arrow, the junction point
Slip lineation, groove, or striations on foliation H-7
9.6 S common to all symbols.
surface (A lineation)—Showing bearing and S
direction of plunge In general, A lineations
are in the direction of
Flow lineation in direction of flow on foliation H-7
F slip; B lineations are
9.7 surface (A lineation)—Showing bearing and F parallel to minor folds.
direction of plunge
Lineation indicating axes of minor folds formed by dot diameter .75 mm
9.8 flow (B lineation)—Showing bearing and 2.0
direction of plunge mm
Lineation indicated by aligned elongate minerals on H-7
9.9 M M
foliation surface parallel to minor folds (B lineation)—
Showing bearing and direction of plunge
Lineation indicated by aligned mineral grains in H-7
M M
9.10 cumulate rocks—Showing bearing and 1.0 mm
1.375 mm
direction of plunge 1.5 mm
Lineation indicated by trough banding in cumulate H-7
9.11 T T
rocks—Showing bearing and direction of
plunge
radius 1.5 mm; all lineweights
Lineation indicating flow direction at base of ash dash .75 mm; .15 mm
9.12 deposits formed in surges—Showing bearing space .375 mm
and direction of plunge 2.75
mm
all lineweights
Lineation indicating flow direction in ash-flow 1.375 mm .15 mm
9.13
tuff—Showing bearing and direction of plunge
circle diameter 1.0 mm
Lineation indicating minor folds normal to flow in dot diameter 1.0 mm

9.14 ash-flow tuff—Showing bearing and direction of
plunge
Lineation at intersection of bedding and 1.875 mm all lineweights
9.15 .15 mm
cleavage—Showing bearing and direction of 1.375 mm
plunge
Lineation at intersection of foliation and 1.75 mm all lineweights
9.16 1.375 mm .15 mm
cleavage—Showing bearing and direction of
plunge .5 mm
1.375 mm all lineweights
9.17 Lineation on cleavage surface—Showing bearing 1.0 mm .15 mm
and direction of plunge
1.5 mm
Penetrative lineation—Showing bearing and 2.0 mm all lineweights
9.18 .15 mm
direction of plunge in combination with foliation 1.25 mm
symbol 90°
lineweight 5.0
Flow direction—Showing bearing and direction of .15 mm mm
9.19
plunge 30° 1.75
mm
Slip lineation or slickenside on a fault or shear H-7
9.20 surface—Showing bearing and direction of S S
plunge of offset
A–9–1
10—PALEONTOLOGICAL FEATURES
10.1—Fossil localities; biostratigraphic zone boundary
90° H-8
10.1.1 Fossil locality—Showing collection accession D4426 2.5 mm D4426
number dot diameter .5 mm
lineweight .2 mm
45°
10.1.2 Fossil locality—Fossils not accessioned 2.375 mm lineweight .2 mm
Biostratigraphic zone boundary—Showing HI-8 May also be shown in

ulite ulite
10.1.3 approximate boundary of diagnostic fossil bac bac magenta or other col-
assemblage lineweight .375 mm ors.
REF NO FOSSIL TYPE SYMBOL REF NO FOSSIL TYPE SYMBOL REF NO FOSSIL TYPE SYMBOL
10.2—Fossil symbols 10.2—Fossil symbols (continued) 10.2—Fossil symbols (continued)
10.2.1 Acritarchs 10.2.21 Fish remains 10.2.41 Oncolites
10.2.2 Algae 10.2.22 Fish scales 10.2.42 Ostracodes
10.2.3 Ammonites 10.2.23 Foraminifers, in general 10.2.43 Plant remains
10.2.4 Archaeocyathides 10.2.24 Foraminifers, larger 10.2.44 Pollen and (or) spores
Foraminifers, smaller
10.2.5 Belemnites 10.2.25 10.2.45 Radiolaria
and benthonic
Foraminifers, smaller
10.2.6 Bones 10.2.26 10.2.46 Roots
and pelagic
10.2.7 Brachiopods 10.2.27 Fossils, abundant 10.2.47 Rostroconchs
10.2.8 Brackish-water fossils 10.2.28 Fossils, in general 10.2.48 Rudists
Silicoflagellates
10.2.9 Bryozoa 10.2.29 Fossils, sparse 10.2.49
and (or) ebridrians
Calcareous nannoplankton Fresh-water fossils Spicules

10.2.10 10.2.30 10.2.50
(coccoliths)
10.2.11 Cephalopods 10.2.31 Gastropods 10.2.51 Sponges
10.2.12 Charophytes 10.2.32 Graptolites 10.2.52 Sporomorphs
10.2.13 Chitinozoans 10.2.33 Hyoliths 10.2.53 Stromatolites
10.2.14 Conodonts 10.2.34 Insects 10.2.54 Stromatoporoids
10.2.15 Corals 10.2.35 Lamellibranchs (pelecypods) 10.2.55 Teeth
10.2.16 Crinoids 10.2.36 Leaves 10.2.56 Trace fossils
10.2.17 Diatoms 10.2.37 Marine fossils 10.2.57 Trilobites
10.2.18 Dinoflagellates 10.2.38 Microfossils, calcareous 10.2.58 Vertebrates
10.2.19 Echinoderms 10.2.39 Microfossils, in general 10.2.59 Wood
10.2.20 Echinoids 10.2.40 Needles
A–10–1
11—ISOPLETHS
11.1—Lines of equal physical or chemical properties
lineweight .5 mm HI -10 Isopleths may be used
11.1.1 Line of equal thickness or equal chemical value 75 75 to represent many dif-
line and text color 100% red ferent types of physical
or chemical properties.
If data accuracy is high
11.1.2 Line of equal depth 100 100 enough or if the data
covers a wide range of
lineweight .3 mm HI-8 values, intermediate
11.1.3 Line of equal precipitation 24 24 contours may be add-
line and text color 100% cyan ed; use a lineweight
that is .1 mm narrower
than that of the index
11.1.4 Line of equal runoff 0.5 0.5 contour. On most maps,
line and text color 100% cyan every fourth or fifth con-
lineweight .3 mm HI-8 tour should be an index
11.1.5
Line of equal aquifer transmissivity or hydraulic contour, and only index
conductivity 100,000 100,000
line and text color 100% cyan contours are labeled.
If values of change are
shown, all values other
11.1.6 Line of equal water-level change 20 20 than zero must be pre-
line and text color 100% cyan
ceded by a plus (+) or
lineweight .3 mm HI-8 minus (–) sign.
Line of equal physical or chemical property of
11.1.7
water
5000 5000 May be shown in black
line and text color 100% cyan or other colors.
11.2—Geophysical and structure contours
lineweight .3 mm HI-8 On most maps, every
Line of equal intensity of potential field fourth or fifth contour
11.2.1 200 200
(geophysical contour)—Index should be an index con-
tour, and only index
Line of equal intensity of potential field .5 mm
contours are labeled.
11.2.2 (geophysical contour)—Index; dashed where
5.0 Add hachures to the
data is incomplete mm lowest unlabeled (inter-
lineweight .2 mm mediate) contours to in-
11.2.3
Line of equal intensity of potential field dicate closed areas of
(geophysical contour)—Intermediate low values if it is un-
.5 mm
clear that the contour
Line of equal intensity of potential field values are decreasing
11.2.4 (geophysical contour)—Intermediate; dashed
5.0 (hachures point into
where data is incomplete mm closed depression).
Line of equal intensity of potential field all lineweights .2 mm 1.0 mm Although only shown on
11.2.5 (geophysical contour)—Intermediate; hachures geophysical contours,
indicate closed areas of lower values 4.5 mm hachures may be add-
2.0 mm HI-7 ed to any type of con-
11.2.6 Maximum or minimum intensity within closed high 2864 2864 tour.
or closed low May be shown in black
90°
or other colors.
Line of equal elevation of geologic unit surface
11.2.7
(structure contour), first surface—Index 600 600
line and text color 100% red
Line of equal elevation of geologic unit surface .5 mm

11.2.8 (structure contour), first surface—Index;
5.0
dashed where control is poor mm
Line of equal elevation of geologic unit surface lineweight .275 mm

11.2.9
(structure contour), first surface—Intermediate
line and text color 100% red

11.2.10 (structure contour), first surface—Intermediate; 5.0
11.2.11 Line of equal elevation of geologic unit surface
(structure contour), second surface—Index
600 600
line and text color 100% violet
11.2.12 (structure contour), second surface—Index;
5.0
Line of equal elevation of geologic unit surface lineweight .275 mm
11.2.13 (structure contour), second surface—
Intermediate line color 100% violet

11.2.14 (structure contour), second surface—
5.0
Intermediate; dashed where control is poor mm
A–11–1
12—FLUVIAL AND ALLUVIAL FEATURES

color 100% cyan lineweight .25 mm Hachures point down-
12.1 Fluvial terrace scarp 1.125 scarp.
mm hachure lineweight .2 mm
3.0 mm
1.75 mm Arrow points in direction
lineweight .175 mm
12.2 Fluvial transport direction 25° of downstream flow.
color 100% cyan 6.0
mm
circle diameters .75 mm all lineweights
12.3 Sediment transport direction—Determined from .175 mm
imbrication 6.0
color 100% cyan mm
90° all lineweights
12.4 Sediment transport direction—Determined from 1.25 mm .175 mm
crossbeds 5.5
color 100% cyan mm
.75 mm
12.5
Sediment transport direction—Determined from 1.375 mm 90°
all lineweights
.175 mm
flute casts 5.5
color 100% cyan mm
A–12–1
13—GLACIAL AND GLACIOFLUVIAL FEATURES

color 3.0 mm spacing
100% 20° may vary Arrow(s) point in direc-
13.1 Glacial meltwater channel, abandoned cyan tion of downstream
lineweight 7.5 mm flow.
.2 mm 2.25 mm
5.0
1.25 mm mm 25° color
13.2 Glacial meltwater spillway 100%
lineweight
.175 mm 60° 1.625 mm cyan
color 100% cyan
stem
13.3 Flow direction, glacial stream lineweight 25° stem
.2 mm lengths
1.875 mm may vary
.5 mm Hachures point down-
13.4 Kame terrace scarp 1.375 color 100% cyan scarp.
mm 12°
color 100% cyan 5.0 1.25 mm Chevrons point in direc-
mm
13.5 Esker 1, known transport direction 70° tion of transport.
lineweight
1.25 mm
13.6 Esker 2, known transport direction 70°
lineweight .175 mm;
color 100% cyan spacing .875 mm
.375 mm .625 mm
1.25 mm
13.7 Esker, unknown transport direction 70°
color 100% cyan lineweight .175 mm
lineweight .3 mm
13.8 Glacial limit or terminus—Certain
color 100% cyan
13.9 Glacial limit or terminus—Approximately located 3.0 mm

H-8
? ?
Glacial limit or terminus—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
13.10 ? ?
queried
13.11 Glacial limit or terminus—Concealed

.5 mm
H-8
? ?
.5 mm
13.12 Glacial limit or terminus—Concealed, queried ? ?
H-8
13.13 Glacial limit or terminus—Showing name (BL, Bull BL BL
Lake)
A–13–1
13—GLACIAL AND GLACIOFLUVIAL FEATURES (continued)

color 100% cyan 4.5 Hachures point in direc-
mm 1.25
13.14 Limit of significant glacial advance—Certain tion of glaciated area.
lineweight .3 mm mm
hachure lineweight .25 mm
13.15
Limit of significant glacial advance—
Approximately located 3.5 mm H-8
? ?
Limit of significant glacial advance— 1.0 mm
13.16 ? ?
13.17 Limit of significant glacial advance—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ?
13.18 Limit of significant glacial advance—Concealed, .5 mm
? ?
queried
H-8
Limit of significant glacial advance—Showing BL BL
13.19
name (BL, Bull Lake)
Retreatal position of stagnant ice margin— lineweight .4 mm

13.20
Certain color 100% cyan
Retreatal position of stagnant ice margin—

13.21
? ?
Retreatal position of stagnant ice margin— 1.0 mm
13.22 ? ?
13.23 Retreatal position of stagnant ice margin—

Inferred 1.5 mm H-8
? ?
13.24
Retreatal position of stagnant ice margin— 1.0 mm
Inferred, queried
? ?

Concealed .5 mm H-8
? ?
13.26 Retreatal position of stagnant ice margin— .5 mm
Concealed, queried
? ?
H-8
Showing name of depositional unit Qsf Qsf

13.28 Crest line of moraine, sense of symmetry
unspecified, type 1 circle diameter .675 mm;
spacing .625 mm
color 100% cyan
13.29 Crest line of moraine, sense of symmetry
unspecified, type 2 circle diameter .825 mm;
spacing .625 mm
3.0 mm .5 mm color 100% cyan
13.30 Crest line of symmetrical moraine
all lineweights circle diameter .675 mm;
.175 mm hachure height 1.5 mm
3.0 mm .5 mm color 100% cyan
13.31 Crest line of asymmetrical moraine—Ticks point
down steeper slope all lineweights circle diameter .675 mm;
.175 mm hachure height .75 mm
13.32 Ridges on moraine
lengths and spacing may vary
A–13–2
13—GLACIAL AND GLACIOFLUVIAL FEATURES (continued)

2.25 mm 1.25 mm Arrow points in direction
13.33 Drumlin—Showing bearing and direction of flow 1.25 25° of downstream flow.
5.0 all lineweights
color 100% cyan mm .175 mm
Drumloid form—Showing bearing of flow; flow

13.34 5.0
direction unknown mm
lineweight .175 mm 5.5

Younger glacial striations—Showing bearing and mm 25°
13.35
direction of flow color 100% cyan
1.625 mm
13.36 Older glacial striations—Showing bearing and

direction of flow .5 mm

13.37
Younger glacial striations—Showing bearing of
flow; flow direction unknown
.5 mm
13.38
Older glacial striations—Showing bearing of flow;
flow direction unknown

For single cirque, ha-
13.39 Cirque headwall chures point into cirque.
hachure lineweight .2 mm; height
1.0 mm; spacing 1.25 mm Along serrated ridge
color 100% cyan lineweight .3 mm between two cirques,
13.40 Cirque headwalls along serrated ridge hachures point in both
hachure lineweight .2 mm; height directions.
2.0 mm; spacing 1.25 mm
color 100% cyan lineweight .3 mm Hachures point into ba-
13.41 Margin of glacially scoured basin—Certain 1.0 mm sin.
hachure lineweight .2 mm;
spacing 3.75 mm
13.42 Margin of glacially scoured basin—Approximately

located 2.75 mm
H-8
? ?
Margin of glacially scoured basin—Approximately 1.0 mm
13.43 ? ?
located, queried
13.44 Margin of glacially scoured basin—Concealed

.475 mm H-8
? ?
13.45 Margin of glacially scoured basin—Concealed, ? ? .475 mm
queried
lineweight .2 mm 1.875 mm Arrows point in direction

13.46 Glacial flow direction spacing of of downstream flow.
color 60° arrows
100% cyan 1.5 mm may vary
13.47 Ice-contact slope—Lines point downslope

pattern 501-C
lineweight .175 mm; pattern 502-C

dash 1.75 mm; (rotated
13.48 Glacier—Showing glacial trend space .5 mm perpendicular
to glacial trend)
line color 100% cyan
A–13–3
14—PERIGLACIAL FEATURES
color 100% cyan
60° .875
14.1 Pingo mm
dot diameter .325 mm circle diameter 1.5 mm
14.2 Periglacial patterned ground

pattern 507-C
14.3 Polygonal patterned ground

pattern 503-C
color 100% cyan diameter .9 mm

14.4 Sorted circles
lineweight .175 mm
color 100% cyan dot diameter .5 mm;
14.5 Stone stripe, fine debris spacing 1.25 mm
14.6 Stone stripe, coarse debris circle diameter .9 mm;

spacing .45 mm;
lineweight .175 mm
14.7 Solifluction lobes

pattern 504-C
14.8 Ice-wedge polygons pattern 505-C
14.9 Felsenmeer
pattern 506-C
color 100% cyan all lineweights

.175 mm
14.10 Thermokarst depression
hachure height 1.0 mm; spacing 1.75 mm
color 100% cyan
45°
14.11 Kettle 3.0 mm
1.75 mm all lineweights .175 mm

color 100% cyan
14.12 Aligned kettles
4.5
mm
A–14–1
15—LACUSTRINE AND MARINE FEATURES

color 100% cyan
15.1 Former shoreline or marine limit—Certain
lineweight .25 mm
15.2 Former shoreline or marine limit—Approximately

located 3.5 mm H-8
? ?
Former shoreline or marine limit—Approximately 1.0 mm
15.3 ? ?
located, queried
15.4 Former shoreline or marine limit—Inferred

1.25 mm
H-8
? ?
1.0 mm
15.5 Former shoreline or marine limit—Inferred, queried ? ?
15.6 Former shoreline or marine limit—Concealed

.5 mm
H-8
? ?
Former shoreline or marine limit—Concealed, .5 mm
15.7 ? ?
queried
color 100% cyan all lineweights .2 mm Trace follows axis.

15.8 Spit or bar—Certain 1.5
mm 2.25 mm
15.9 Spit or bar—Approximately located 3.5 mm H-8

? ?
1.0 mm
15.10 Spit or bar—Approximately located, queried ? ?
all lineweights .175 mm Trace follows cliff top;

15.11 1.0 mm
Shoreline cliff—Certain hachures point down
color 100% cyan 1.5 mm cliff.
15.12 Shoreline cliff—Approximately located

3.5 mm
H-8
? ?
15.13 Shoreline cliff—Approximately located, queried ? ? 1.0 mm
color 100% cyan lineweight .2 mm Traces follow tops of

15.14 Beach ridges ridges.
length and spacing may vary
color 100% cyan lineweight .175 mm Trace follows shoreline;
15.15 Aggradational shoreline—Certain .25 triangles are offshore.
mm
2.25 mm 22°
15.16 Aggradational shoreline—Approximately located

3.5 mm
H-8
? ?
15.17 Aggradational shoreline—Approximately located, ? ? 1.0 mm
queried
color 100% cyan lineweight .175 mm Trace follows shoreline;
15.18 Erosional shoreline—Certain .25 triangles are offshore.
mm
2.25 mm 22°
15.19 Erosional shoreline—Approximately located 3.5 mm H-8
? ?
15.20 Erosional shoreline—Approximately located, ? ? 1.0 mm
queried
15.21 Marine-abrasion platform pattern 201-C

(at 45°)
A–15–1
16—EOLIAN FEATURES
lineweight .25 mm Dune forms shown by
16.1 Dune crest dash .375 mm; traces of dune crests.
space .3 mm Add hachures to show
hachure lineweight scarp caused by slip;
.2 mm; height 1.0 mm; hachures point down
16.2 Scarp on dune crest spacing 4.75 mm
slip face of dune.
all lineweights .15 mm long dash Hachures point into
16.3
Blowout rim around closed depression of eolian hachure
1.4 mm;
closed depression.
short dash
origin in dune field height .875 mm; .5 mm; space
spacing 3.5 mm .375 mm
all lineweights Hachures point into
Blowout rim around closed depression of eolian .2 mm
16.4 hachure height closed depression.
origin in bedrock—Certain .875 mm;
spacing 2.5 mm Floor of closed depres-
sion, shown here as a
Blowout rim around closed depression of eolian 2.5 mm
16.5 dry lakebed, may be
origin in bedrock—Approximately located .5 mm
mapped as appropriate
to individual feature.
lineweight .15 mm;
16.6
Edge of dry lakebed within closed depression of dash length 1.5 mm;
space .375 mm
eolian origin in bedrock
all lineweights 5.0 mm
Sediment transport direction—Determined from .15 mm
16.7 1.5 mm 20°
dune forms .875 mm radius 1.375 mm
.875 mm 1.0 mm
1.25 mm all lineweights
16.8 Sediment transport direction—Determined from .15 mm
dune bedding in horizontal section .875 mm radius
1.0 mm
.5 mm dot diameter .3 mm;
Sediment transport direction—Determined from
16.9 spacing .225 mm
eolian crossbedding in vertical or near-vertical 2.5 mm
section 1.0 mm 40°
A–16–1
17—LANDSLIDE AND MASS-WASTING FEATURES

all lineweights .175 mm Patterned lines empha-
17.1 Major tension crack, related to landslide, slump, or 1.2 size major tension
mass movement mm
dash .375 mm; space .325 mm cracks; minor cracks
lineweight .175 mm
may be shown by unde-
17.2 Minor tension crack, related to landslide, slump, or corated lines.
mass movement
lineweight .15 mm 25° May be shown singly or

17.3 Direction of downslope movement of landslide 2.0 mm in pairs.
length may vary
Slip surface of landslide, rotational or Toreva lineweight .3 mm Use to show trace of

17.4 block, block-slump fault, or land-slip fault— slip surface at head of
Certain landslide mass and not
to show mapped boun-
Slip surface of landslide, rotational or Toreva dary of landslide depos-
17.5 block, block-slump fault, or land-slip fault— dash 3.5 mm;
space .5 mm its (use contact in-
Approximately located stead).
Slip surface of landslide, rotational or Toreva Downhill edge of slip
17.6 block, block-slump fault, or land-slip fault— dash 1.5 mm; surface that is con-
space .5 mm
Inferred cealed by debris is rare-
ly shown.
Slip surface of landslide, rotational or Toreva
17.7 block, block-slump fault, or land-slip fault— dash .5 mm;
space .5 mm
Concealed
all lineweights .175 mm Use to show physio-
17.8 Landslide scarp—Certain graphic scarp or toe
hachure height 1.0 mm; spacing 2.0 mm feature and not to show
mapped boundary of
landslide deposits (use
17.9 Landslide scarp—Approximately located 3.0 mm H-8
contact instead).
? ? Hachures point into
landslide.
17.10 Landslide scarp—Approximately located, queried ? ? 1.0 mm
17.11 Landslide scarp—Concealed .5 mm

H-8
? ?
.5 mm
17.12 Landslide scarp—Concealed, queried ? ?

17.13 45° 20°
Landslide toe, downslope to right
3.75 mm
1.25 mm
17.14 Landslide toe, downslope to left
hachure height 1.0 mm; spacing 2.5 mm
lineweight .25 mm Hachures point into sag

17.15 Sag pond on landslide hachure lineweight pond.
.2 mm; height .875
mm; spacing 1.25 mm
1.375 all lineweights .175 mm
17.16 Path of gully on landslide mm
25°
4.5
mm
lineweight .25 mm Hachures point away
hachure lineweight from hummock.
17.17 Hummock on landslide .2 mm; height .875
mm; spacing 1.25 mm
Hummock on landslide (shown as point symbol 60° .875

17.18 mm
when too small to outline at map scale)
all lineweights .15 mm circle diameter 1.5 mm
Aligned hummocks on landslide (shown as point

17.19 symbols when too small to outline at map
scale) 4.5 mm
17.20 Crest line of lateral levee, type 1 1.0 60°
mm
1.5 mm
.65 mm
17.21 Crest line of lateral levee, type 2 1.0 60°
mm
1.5 mm
A–17–1
18—VOLCANIC FEATURES
lineweight .3 mm Use to show outline of
18.1 Rim of volcanic crater—Certain topographic wall.
hachure lineweight .2 mm; height
.75 mm; spacing 1.75 mm Hachures point into cra-
ter.
18.2 Rim of volcanic crater—Approximately located 3.0 mm Rim may not outline
H-8 crater completely.
? ?
Rim of volcanic crater—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
18.3 ? ?
queried
18.4 Rim of volcanic crater—Concealed .5 mm

H-8
? ?
.5 mm
18.5 Rim of volcanic crater—Concealed, queried ? ?
Rim of volcanic crater—Showing low point of dot diameter

18.6 .875 mm
crater (dot)
lineweight .375 mm Hachures point into cal-

18.7 Caldera margin 1—Certain dera.
hachure lineweight .25 mm; height 1.0 mm;
variable spacing, 7.125 to 7.5 mm May also be shown in
red or other colors.
18.8 Caldera margin 1—Approximately located 6.25
mm H-8
? ?
Caldera margin 1—Approximately located, 1.25 mm
18.9
queried
? ?
18.10 Caldera margin 1—Inferred

1.5 mm H-8
? ?
1.0 mm
18.11 Caldera margin 1—Inferred, queried ? ?
18.12 Caldera margin 1—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm 1.5 mm
18.13 Caldera margin 1—Concealed, queried ? ?
lineweight .375 mm .75 mm hachure Hachures point into cal-

lineweight
18.14 Caldera margin 2—Certain .25 mm; dera.
variable spacing between height
hachure pairs, 6.375 to 6.75 mm 1.0 mm May also be shown in
red or other colors.
18.15 Caldera margin 2—Approximately located 6.25
mm H-8
? ?
Caldera margin 2—Approximately located, 1.25 mm
18.16
queried ? ?
18.17 Caldera margin 2—Inferred 1.5 mm

H-8
? ?
1.0 mm
18.18 Caldera margin 2—Inferred, queried ? ?
18.19 Caldera margin 2—Concealed .5 mm H-8

? ?
.5 mm 1.5 mm
18.20 Caldera margin 2—Concealed, queried ? ?
A–18–1
18—VOLCANIC FEATURES (continued)

all lineweights T-shaped ticks point to-
.15 mm .875 mm
18.21 Outline of basalt-filled lava pond that is bounded ward lava pond.
by levees. tick spacing 2.0 mm 1.0 mm
(at base)
60° 60° Draw on axis of ridge.
Crest line of pressure ridge or tumulus on lava lineweight
18.22 .15 mm 1.0 mm
flow
5.5 mm
lineweight 60° Form lines are normal
1.0 mm
18.23 Pressure ridge on lava flow .15 mm to local flow directions.
5.5 mm
all lineweights .15 mm 1.375 mm Line shows position be-
18.24 Lava tube 25° neath surface; circles
circle diameter .75 mm; spacing will vary show skylights.
18.25 Volcanic fissure—Certain lineweight .2 mm
.375 mm
18.26 Volcanic fissure—Concealed 1.25 mm

.5 mm .375 mm
18.27
Volcanic fissure—Hachures show location where hachure lineweight .15 mm
lava was emitted
all lineweights .15 mm Line follows foot of lobe

18.28 Flow lobe—Certain of lava flow; hachures
hachure height .75 mm; spacing 2.0 mm point into lobe.
18.29 Flow lobe—Approximately located 5.0 mm

H-8
? ? ?
1.0 mm
18.30 Flow lobe—Approximately located, queried ? ? ?
18.31 Flow lobe—Concealed

.5 mm H-8
? ? ?
.5 mm
18.32 Flow lobe—Concealed, queried ? ? ?
lineweight .15 mm Boxes on flow edge that

18.33 Ice-contact flow margin—Certain shows ice-contact fab-
box height .75 mm; width 2.0 mm; ric.
spacing 4.0 mm
18.34 Ice-contact flow margin—Approximately located 5.0 mm

H-8
? ? ?
1.0 mm
18.35 Ice-contact flow margin—Approximately located, ? ? ?
queried
18.36 Ice-contact flow margin—Concealed .5 mm

H-8
? ? ?
.5 mm
18.37 Ice-contact flow margin—Concealed, queried ? ? ?
lineweights .15 mm
18.38 Flow lines on lava flow stem lengths and 25°
spacing may vary 2.0 mm
Contact separating individual flows within map lineweight .175 May also be printed in
18.39
unit, erupted either from same vent or from magenta or other col-
different vents line color 100% red ors.
lineweight
.175 mm
18.40 Cracks on surface of lava flow lengths and
line color spacing may
100% red vary
line color 100% red
18.41 Rootless vent area on lava flow lineweight .175 mm;
dash 1.5 mm; pattern
space .5 mm 328-R
line color 100% red
18.42 Thermal area lineweight .175 mm; pattern
dash 1.5 mm; 121-R in
space .5 mm 30% red
A–18–2
18—VOLCANIC FEATURES (continued)

1.5 mm all lineweights .15 mm Identified from antidune
2.75
18.43 Flow direction at base of ash deposits formed in mm 25° bed forms.
surges half-circle radius 1.5 mm;
5.0 mm dash .75 mm; space .375 mm
45°
lineweight .2 mm May also be shown in
18.44 Small cone, cinder cone, or spatter cone (hornito) red or other colors.
on surface of lava flow
2.0 mm
lineweight .175 mm Usually reserved for

18.45 Recent volcano on small-scale maps outer diameter 3.0 mm; maps at scales of
22.5° inner diameter 1.375 mm 1:250,000 or smaller.
18.46 Active volcano on small-scale maps 2.625 mm red or other colors.
60°
90°
18.47 Inactive volcano on small-scale maps

18.48 Cinder cone on small-scale maps
lineweight .15 mm
dot diameter 1.375 mm

18.49 Diatreme
dot diameter 1.375 mm H-7

18.50 Breccia pipe B B
lineweight .15 mm H-7

18.51 Collapse structure—Indicating breccia pipe at C C
depth circle diameter 1.375 mm
H-7 lineweight .15 mm Rotate tail to point in
T T
18.52 Thermal spring, type 1 dot diameter 1.5 mm radius .5 mm downhill direction of
2.0 mm flow.
T T
18.53 Thermal spring, type 2 lineweight red or other colors.
lineweight .2 mm radius .5 mm May also be shown in

lineweight .375 mm 2.75 mm
18.54 Geyser red or other colors.
lineweight .2 mm ellipse height 1.25
mm; width 2.5 mm
draft as shown
18.55 Fumarole or steam vent 2.5 mm
ellipse height 1.25
all lineweights .2 mm mm; width 2.5 mm
A–18–3
19—NATURAL RESOURCES
19.1—Veins and mineralized areas; metamorphic facies boundary; mineral resource areas
lineweight .30 mm color 100% red May also be shown in
19.1.1 Vein—Certain black or other colors.
dot diameter 1.0 mm; spacing 5.0 mm
19.1.2 Vein—Approximately located

H-8
? ?
4.0 mm 1.0 mm
19.1.3 Vein—Approximately located, queried ? ?
19.1.4 Vein—Concealed
.5 mm H-8
? ?
.5 mm
19.1.5 Vein—Concealed, queried ? ?
H-8 Place symbols where

19.1.6 Vein—Showing type of mineral occurrence Cu Cu observation was made.
Dip value indicates a
HI-6 (100% black) measured dip direction
15 15
19.1.7 1.75 and magnitude.
Vein—Showing dip where known mm
tick lineweight .15 mm
spacing may vary May also be shown in

19.1.8 Mineralized stringers, veinlets black or other colors.
HI-6 (100% black) color 100% red May also be shown in

70 70 tick lineweight .2 mm
19.1.9 Minor inclined vein—Showing strike and dip 1.375 mm black or other colors.
5.5 lineweight .375 mm
mm
19.1.10 Minor vertical or near-vertical vein—Showing 2.5 mm

strike
Add labels to show spe-

19.1.11 Zone of mineralized or altered rock, type 1 pattern 405-R cific types of alteration.
(at 45°)
May be used alone or
may overprint other
19.1.12
Zone of mineralized or altered rock, type 2—High mapped units.
level of mineralization pattern 119-R May also be shown in
19.1.13 Zone of mineralized or altered rock, type 2—Low
level of mineralization pattern 117-R
H-8 line and text May also be shown in

Metamorphic facies boundary—Showing ist ist
19.1.14 approximate boundary between diagnostic Greensch Greensch color 100% red
e
Amphibolit o lit e dot diameter .5
mineral assemblages Am p h ib mm; spacing .5 mm
lineweight Usually reserved for

19.1.15 Area of identified resources .5 mm use on special-purpose
line color
100% red maps, not on general-
lineweight .3 mm
purpose geologic maps.
19.1.16 Area of high mineral resource potential H line and
text color
H pattern 427-R
in 50%
Generally shown in red,
but may also be shown
100% red H-12 red in black or other colors.
19.1.17 Area of moderate mineral resource potential M line and
text color
M pattern 229-R
(at 45°) in
100% red 50% red
lineweight
19.1.18 Area of low mineral resource potential L .2 mm L line and
text color
H-10 100% red
Area considered to have mineral resource lineweight .2 mm H-10

19.1.19 potential but not evaluated, mostly because of N line and N dash
text color 1.75 mm;
inadequate data 100% red space .5 mm
A–19–1
19—NATURAL RESOURCES (continued)

19.2—Areas of extensively disturbed ground and workings as mapped units
lineweight Patterns should overlay
Graded area—Extensive amount of mapped .175 mm
19.2.1 other mapped units.
geologic unit has been removed line color pattern 226-R
100% red (at 45°) Generally shown in
hachured black or red, but may al-
line and ticks: lineweight
19.2.2 Strip mine lineweights .3 mm; .15 mm so be shown in other
height .875 mm; colors.
spacing 1.75 mm pattern 226-K (at 45°)
lineweight H-8 Show as separately
19.2.3 Artificial fill—Earth materials .15 mm mapped units.
af af
20% black
Generally shown in
lineweight H-8 black or red, but may al-
.15 mm so be shown in other
19.2.4 Artificial fill—Human-generated refuse (landfill) afr afr pattern 226-R
(at 45°) colors.
all lineweights
hachure height Symbols should overlay
.15 mm
19.2.5 Open pit mine or quarry (surface view) .55 mm; other mapped units.
spacing 1.5 mm
Generally shown in
lineweight .175 mm; dash 1.5 mm; black or red, but may al-
spacing .5 mm so be shown in other
19.2.6 Subsurface workings (projected to surface)
line color 100% red colors.
spacing may vary
lineweight .125 mm
draft
Show as separately
19.2.7 Tailings, including tailings pond (surface view) as mapped units.
shown
Generally shown in
black, but may also be
lineweight dash
19.2.8 Mine dump (surface view) .125 mm length and shown in red or other
spacing colors.
may vary
A–19–2

19.3—Mining and mineral-exploration symbology
lineweight .15 mm
19.3.1 Drill hole for mineral exploration
diameter 1.375 mm
3.5 Rotate symbol so that

mm
19.3.2 Inclined tunnel or adit 1.5 mm long line indicates azi-
all lineweights 45°
.15 mm muth of adit; place inter-
section of long line and
1.25 mm
two shorter ones at
19.3.3 Inclined tunnel or adit, inaccessible map position of adit.
radius .55 mm Rotate symbol so that
19.3.4 Portal all lineweights 2.25 mm long lines indicate azi-
.15 mm 3.125
mm muth of portal; place
curved ends of long
radius .55 mm lines at map position of
19.3.5 Portal and open cut tick length .425 mm; portal.
spacing 1.0 mm
lineweight .15 mm
19.3.6 Vertical mine shaft
2.0 mm
19.3.7 Multiple vertical mine shafts
H-7
19.3.8 Vertical mine shaft—Abandoned or inaccessible A A
all lineweights .15 mm Orientation indicates lo-

19.3.9 Inclined mine shaft cation of entry at sur-
1.0 mm
face.
H-7
19.3.10 Inclined mine shaft—Abandoned or inaccessible A A
lineweight .2 mm
19.3.11 Prospect (pit or small open cut) 1.75 mm
60°
3.125 mm
19.3.12 Sand, gravel, clay, or placer pit all lineweights
.15 mm 60° .7 mm
1.5 mm
19.3.13 Sand, gravel, clay, or placer pit—Abandoned
hammerhead thickness 1.5 mm 1.5 mm
.3 mm; radius 1.625 mm
19.3.14 Open pit, quarry, or glory hole pick thickness .25 mm;
radius 1.625 mm
handle lineweights .15 mm 3.125 mm
19.3.15 lineweight .15 mm

Open pit, quarry, or glory hole—Abandoned
1.5 mm
1.5 mm For generalized trace,

19.3.16 Trench (surface view)—Generalized trace bar follows direction of
90°
lineweight .25 mm
trench; length of bar
may vary.
19.3.17 Trench (surface view)—Drawn to scale
hachure height 1.0 mm;
spacing 3.0 mm
A–19–3

19.4—Mines and underground workings
all lineweights
.15 mm
19.4.1 Mine shaft—Above and below level
2.0 mm
all lineweights
.15 mm
19.4.2 Inclined mine shaft—Above and below level
1.5 mm
all lineweights
.15 mm
19.4.3 Bottom of mine shaft
all lineweights
.15 mm
19.4.4 Winze or head of raise
all lineweights
.15 mm
19.4.5 Raise or foot of winze
all lineweights
.15 mm
19.4.6 Raise or winze extending through level
all lineweights 1.5 mm Orientation indicates

.15 mm azimuth of feature.
19.4.7 Ore chute
2.0 mm
lineweight lineweight .125

.15 mm 2.0 mm mm; angles 45° to
19.4.8 Inclined workings—Above and below level. double lines, 90°
Chevrons point down incline 2.0 mm to each other;
spacing .55 mm
lineweights 60°
.15 mm
19.4.9 Elevation of roof or back
2801' 1.0 mm 2801'
HI-6
HI-6
2809' 2809' lineweights
19.4.10 Elevation of floor or sill 1.0 mm .15 mm
60°
19.4.11 Lagging or cribbing along drift .55 mm
1.75 mm
circle diameter .75 mm; spacing .75 mm
19.4.12 Caved or otherwise inaccessible workings—
.625 mm
Below ground spacing
may vary
19.4.13 Caved or otherwise inaccessible workings— dash 1.5 mm;

Above ground space .5 mm
circle diameter
19.4.14 1.25 mm
Diamond drill hole 1.5 mm
HI-6
19.4.15
Diamond drill hole—Showing angle of inclination. -65 -65
Negative angles show downward slope
radius 1.25 mm
19.4.16 Crosscut tunnel 2.5 mm
A–19–4

19.4—Mines and underground workings (continued)
lineweights .15 mm Orientation indicates
19.4.17 Mine tunnel and workings (section view)—High spacing azimuth of tunnel.
certainty may vary
lineweights .15 mm 1.75 mm

Mine tunnel and workings (section view)—Medium
19.4.18 spacing
certainty may vary
.5 mm
lineweights .15 mm .5 mm
19.4.19
Mine tunnel and workings (section view)—Low spacing
certainty may vary
.5 mm
dash 1.75 mm; lineweights .15 mm
19.4.20 Shaft and tunnel—Near line of section (projected space .5 mm
spacing
to section) may vary
pattern 226-K
(at 45°)
19.4.21 Mine dump (section view)
lineweights .15 mm
100% black
19.4.22 Rubble (section view)
all lineweights .15 mm Different patterns may

19.4.23 dash 1.5 mm; be used to indicate type
Stoped area (section view)—Certain space .5 mm
of rock or ore removed.
pattern 226-K
19.4.24 Stoped area (section view)—Inferred (at 45°) dash .3 mm;
space .3 mm
F F HI-8
19.4.25 Backfilled stope (section view)
A–19–5

19.5—Oil and gas fields; wells drilled for hydrocarbon exploration or exploitation
line color lineweight Patterned areas (extent
100% green .2 mm
19.5.1 Oil field—Extent defined defined) should be
fill color 50% green shown as separately
mapped units.
dash .5 mm; lineweight
19.5.2 Oil field—Extent not yet defined space .5 mm .2 mm Outlined areas (extent
not yet defined) should
line color 50% green
overlay other mapped
line color 100% red lineweight units.
19.5.3 Gas field—Extent defined .2 mm
Generally shown in red
fill color 50% red and (or) green, but may
line color 100% red lineweight also be shown in other
19.5.4 .2 mm colors or patterns.
Gas field—Extent not yet defined dash 2.0 mm;
space .5 mm
pattern 426 lineweight
(at 45°) .2 mm
19.5.5 Oil and gas field—Extent defined
lineweight
long dash 2.0 mm; .2 mm
19.5.6 Oil and gas field—Extent not yet defined short dash .5 mm;
space .5 mm
On general-purpose
diameter 1.5 mm
19.5.7 Drilling well (hydrocarbon exploration) maps, show in black.
lineweight .25 mm On energy or other
H-8 diameter 1.5 mm
special-purpose maps,
19.5.8 Drill hole—Showing operator number and total SHELL 1-55 SHELL 1-55 may show water wells
depth (in feet) 1800 in cyan, oil wells in
HI-7 1800 lineweight .15 mm
green, and gas wells in
H-8 red.
19.5.9 Drill hole—No geologic data ND ND
all lineweights dash 1.5 mm;

.15 mm space .5 mm
19.5.10 Trace of inclined drill hole
1.25 mm circle diameter 1.5 mm
HI-6
70° 70°
19.5.11 Trace of inclined drill hole—Showing inclination
19.5.12 Trace of inclined drill hole—Showing collar HI-6

72m 72m
altitude (72 m) and total depth (620 m) 620m 620m
diameter 1.5 mm
19.5.13 Dry hole—Unsuccessful hole drilled during .625 mm
hydrocarbon exploration
1.75 mm 45° 25°
19.5.14 Dry hole converted to water well
all lineweights .15 mm .875 mm
19.5.15 Dry hole converted to injection well
diameter 1.5 mm
19.5.16 Show of oil
lineweight .15 mm
diameter 1.5 mm
19.5.17 Oil well
diameter 1.5 mm all lineweights .15 mm

19.5.18
Shut-in oil well
1.375 mm
45°
19.5.19 Abandoned oil well
1.75 mm 25°
19.5.20 Abandoned oil well—Converted to water well
.875 mm
19.5.21 Abandoned oil well—Converted to injection well
.875 mm
19.5.22 Capped oil well .75 mm
A–19–6

19.5—Oil and gas fields; wells drilled for hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation (continued)
all lineweights .15 mm diameter 1.5 mm On general-purpose
19.5.23 Show of gas maps, show in black.
.625 mm On energy or other
special-purpose maps,
19.5.24 Gas well may show water wells
in cyan, oil wells in
green, and gas wells in
all lineweights .15 mm red.
19.5.25 Shut-in gas well
1.375 mm
45°
19.5.26 Abandoned gas well
1.75 mm 25°
19.5.27 Abandoned gas well—Converted to water well
.875 mm
19.5.28 Abandoned gas well—Converted to injection well
.875 mm
19.5.29 Capped gas well .75 mm

19.5.30 Show of oil and gas
.625 mm diameter 1.5 mm
19.5.31 Oil and gas well

19.5.32 Shut-in oil and gas well
1.375 mm
19.5.33 Abandoned oil and gas well 45°
1.75 mm 25°
19.5.34 Abandoned oil and gas well—Converted to water
well .875 mm
19.5.35 Abandoned oil and gas well—Converted to

injection well
.875 mm
19.5.36 Capped oil and gas well .75 mm
1.75 mm 25°
19.5.37 Abandoned well—Converted to water well
all lineweights .15 mm .875 mm
19.5.38 Abandoned well—Converted to injection well
all lineweights .15 mm 60°

circle diameter
19.5.39 Salt-water disposal well 2.75 mm 1.25 mm
lineweight .15 mm circle diameter 1.5 mm

19.5.40 Water-injection well
dot diameter .375 mm
19.5.41 Water-input well 90°
A–19–7
20—HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES

Generally shown in red,
20.1 Hazardous waste site 2.375 mm lineweight .175 mm but may also be shown
color 100% red 60° in black or other colors.
all lineweights .175 mm 1.25 mm
Hazardous waste site—Showing direction of 25°
20.2 1.125 mm
surface-leachate flow from site
color 100% red 2.0 mm
Active (operating) hazardous waste site 2.375 mm

20.3
color 100% red 60°
triangle lineweight .175 mm
20.4 Inactive (closed) hazardous waste site bar lineweight .3 mm 3.75 mm
color 100% red
Hazardous waste site—Clean-up activities are in lineweight .25 mm

20.5
progress
color 100% red
Hazardous waste site—Clean-up activities have lineweight .25 mm

20.6
been completed
color 100% red
lineweight
20.7 Hazardous waste site—Showing smaller restricted .25 mm
area
color 100% red pattern 226-R (at 45°)
1.5 mm
20.8 Hazardous waste site—Showing larger restricted
area
A–20–1
21—NEOTECTONIC AND EARTHQUAKE-HAZARD FEATURES

color 100% violet outer circle May also be shown in
lineweight .275 mm diameter 7.0 mm
21.1 Earthquake epicenter, magnitude 7.5 or larger black or other colors.
dot diameter inner circle
4.5 mm diameter 5.75 mm
color 100% violet
21.2 Earthquake epicenter, magnitude 7–7.49
color 100% violet dot diameter 2.375 mm
21.3 Earthquake epicenter, magnitude 6.5–6.99
color 100% violet

color 100% violet
21.5 Earthquake epicenter, magnitude 5.5–5.99
color 100% violet

color 100% violet

21.7 Earthquake epicenter, magnitude less than 4
lineweight .175 mm circle diameter .875 mm
lineweights May also be shown in
21.8 Fissures or cracks, formed in ground by .175 mm magenta or other col-
earthquake ors.
lineweights
Fissures and sand and (or) other material ejected .3 mm
21.9
during earthquake
all lineweights .25 mm Hachures point into cra-
21.10 Rim crest or crater with rim, formed by shock or ter.
sand blowouts—Certain hachure height .75 mm; spacing 2.0 mm May also be shown in
magenta or other col-
21.11
Rim crest or crater with rim, formed by shock or ors.
5.0 mm
sand blowouts—Approximately located H-8
? ? ?
Rim crest or crater with rim, formed by shock or 1.0 mm
21.12 sand blowouts—Approximately located, ? ? ?
queried
21.13 Rim crest or crater with rim, formed by shock or

sand blowouts—Concealed .5 mm
H-8
? ? ?
21.14
Rim crest or crater with rim, formed by shock or .5 mm
sand blowouts—Concealed, queried ? ? ?
all lineweights .175 mm Hachures point into

21.15 Sinkhole or crater without rim, formed by shock— sinkhole.
Certain hachure height .75 mm; spacing 4.0 mm May also be shown in
21.16
Sinkhole or crater without rim, formed by shock— ors.
? ?
21.17
Sinkhole or crater without rim, formed by shock— 1.0 mm
Approximately located, queried ? ?
21.18 Sinkhole or crater without rim, formed by shock—

.5 mm H-8
Concealed
? ?
21.19
Sinkhole or crater without rim, formed by shock— .5 mm
Concealed, queried ? ?
A–21–1
21—NEOTECTONIC AND EARTHQUAKE-HAZARD FEATURES (continued)

all lineweights .25 mm Hachures point into
21.20 Outer limit of subsidence—Certain subsided area.
hachure height .75 mm; spacing 4.0 mm May also be shown in
21.21 Outer limit of subsidence—Approximately located ors.
3.0 mm H-8
? ?
Outer limit of subsidence—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
21.22 ? ?
queried
21.23 Outer limit of subsidence—Concealed .5 mm H-8

? ?
.5 mm
21.24 Outer limit of subsidence—Concealed, queried ? ?
lineweight .375 mm Hachures point down-

21.25 Fault scarp—Certain scarp.
hachure lineweight .25 mm; height 1.0
mm; spacing variable, 2.0 to 2.5 mm May also be shown in
21.26 Fault scarp—Approximately located ors.
3.5 mm
H-8
? ?
21.27 1.0 mm
Fault scarp—Approximately located, queried ? ?
21.28 Fault scarp—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

? ?
21.29 Fault scarp—Inferred, queried 1.0 mm
? ?
21.30 Fault scarp—Concealed .5 mm H-8

? ?
.5 mm
21.31 Fault scarp—Concealed, queried ? ?
A–21–2
22—PLATE-TECTONIC FEATURES
[Symbols for plate-tectonic features are usually reserved for maps at scales of 1:500,000 or smaller]

color 100% red 60° lineweight .375 mm Sawteeth point in direc-
22.1 Active spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge, with 1.25 spacing
may vary tion of spreading.
rift—Certain mm
sawtooth lineweight .25 mm; spacing 12.5 mm May also be shown in
22.2
Active spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge, with
rift—Approximately located 10.0 mm H-8
?
Active spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge, with 2.5 mm
22.3 ?
rift—Approximately located, queried
60° lineweight .625 mm Sawteeth point in direc-

Active spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge, 1.25 color
22.4 mm 100% red tion of spreading.
without rift—Certain
sawtooth lineweight .25 mm; spacing 12.5 mm May also be shown in
22.5
Active spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge,
without rift—Approximately located 10.0 mm H-8
?
22.6
Active spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge, 2.5 mm
without rift—Approximately located, queried ?
60° all lineweights .25 mm Sawteeth point in direc-

Ancient spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge— 1.25
22.7 mm .75 mm tion of spreading.
Certain
sawtooth spacing 12.5 mm
10.0 mm
22.8 Ancient spreading axis or mid-oceanic ridge—
Uncertain
2.5 mm
color 100% red 6.25 sawtooth radius Sawteeth on upper
Surface trace of active deep-seismofocal or mm 3.0 mm
22.9 1.25 plate.
subduction zone—Certain mm
22.10 Surface trace of active deep-seismofocal or
5.25
subduction zone—Approximately located mm H-8
? ?
Surface trace of active deep-seismofocal or
22.11 ? 1.0 mm
subduction zone—Approximately located, ?
queried
pattern 427-R
22.12 Surface trace of active deep-seismofocal or
subduction zone—Showing fore-arc sediments
color 6.25 Sawteeth on upper

100% red mm 2.0
22.13 Active convergent plate boundary—Certain mm plate.
22.14 Active convergent plate boundary—Approximately 5.0
located mm H-8
? ?
22.15 Active convergent plate boundary—Approximately 1.25 mm
located, queried
? ?
pattern 429-R
22.16 Active convergent plate boundary—Showing
accretionary prism
6.25 Sawteeth on upper

mm 1.75
22.17 Ancient convergent plate boundary—Certain mm plate.
lineweight .25 mm
5.0 H-8
Ancient convergent plate boundary— mm
22.18
Approximately located
1.25 mm
lineweight 6.25 Teeth point toward
.25 mm mm
22.19 Continental slope—Certain slope.
tooth height .875 mm; width 1.5 mm
22.20 Continental slope—Approximately located 5.25

mm H-8
? ?
Continental slope—Approximately located, 1.0 mm
22.21 ? ?
queried
pattern 119-K
22.22 Continental slope—Showing margin
A–22–1
22—PLATE-TECTONIC FEATURES (continued)


May be shown in other
22.23 Active transform fault, sense of offset lineweight .375 mm
colors.
unspecified—Certain color
100% red May also be shown in
black, but the distinction
22.24
Active transform fault, sense of offset between "active" and
unspecified—Approximately located 3.5 mm
H-8 "ancient" transform
? ? faults will be lost.
22.25
Active transform fault, sense of offset 1.0 mm
unspecified—Approximately located, queried ? ?
lineweight 1.75 mm Arrows show direction

.375 mm 25° arrow
22.26 Active transform fault, right-lateral offset—Certain lineweight of relative offset.
color .3 mm
100% red 5.0 mm May be shown in other
colors.
22.27
Active transform fault, right-lateral offset— May also be shown in
3.5 mm
Approximately located H-8
black, but the distinction
? ? between "active" and
Active transform fault, right-lateral offset— 1.0 mm "ancient" transform
22.28 ? ? faults will be lost.
lineweight 1.75 mm Arrows show direction

.375 mm 25° arrow
22.29 Active transform fault, left-lateral offset—Certain lineweight of relative offset.
color .3 mm
100% red 5.0 mm May be shown in other
colors.
22.30 Active transform fault, left-lateral offset— May also be shown in
3.5 mm H-8
Approximately located black, but the distinction
Active transform fault, left-lateral offset— 1.0 mm "ancient" transform
22.31 ? ? faults will be lost.
color lineweight .375 mm Hachures on down-

100% red
22.32 Active transform fault, normal offset—Certain thrown side.
hachure lineweight .175 mm; height 1.0
mm; spacing .375 mm May be shown in other
colors.
22.33 Active transform fault, normal offset— May also be shown in
Approximately located 3.5 mm H-8 black, but the distinction
Active transform fault, normal offset— 1.0 mm "ancient" transform
22.34 ? ?
Approximately located, queried faults will be lost.
22.35 Ancient transform fault, sense of offset lineweight .375 mm

unspecified—Certain
3.5 mm
22.36
Ancient transform fault, sense of offset
unspecified—Approximately located
1.0 mm
90° sawtooth Sawteeth point into ba-

22.37 Outline of basin—Certain all lineweights height .6 mm; sin.
.2 mm spacing
6.25 mm
dash 5.25 mm;

22.38 Outline of basin—Approximately located space 1.0 mm
?
H-8
? ?
?
22.39 Outline of basin—Approximately located, queried
? ?
lineweight
22.40
Deep-sea trench—Showing margin filled by .2 mm
sedimentation pattern 119-K
4.5 .625 mm
mm Hachures point down-
22.41 Margin of oceanic rise—Certain hachure height slope.
all lineweights 1.0 mm
.175 mm
22.42 Margin of oceanic rise—Approximately located

H-8
?
?
?
22.43 Margin of oceanic rise—Approximately located, ?
dash 4.125 mm;
?
queried ? space 1.0 mm
A–22–2
22—PLATE-TECTONIC FEATURES (continued)


all lineweights hachure height Hachures point down-
.2 mm .625 mm;
22.44 Volcanic ridge or edifice—Certain spacing slope.
2.25 mm
22.45 Volcanic ridge or edifice—Approximately located

H-8
? ?
? ? ? ?
22.46 Volcanic ridge or edifice—Approximately located,
queried dash 3.5 mm;
? ? space 1.0 mm
all lineweights Hachures point down-
22.47 .2 mm
Guyot slope.
hachure height .625 mm; spacing .5 mm
all lineweights .2 mm sawtooth height Sawteeth point down-
1.0 mm; spacing
22.48 Seamount, nonvolcanic origin 5.0 mm slope.
60°
lineweight .2 mm sawtooth height
22.49 1.0 mm; spacing
Seamount, volcanic origin 5.0 mm
60°
all lineweights .9375 mm Hachures point down-
22.50 Seamount, nonvolcanic origin (shown as point .15 mm
slope.
symbol when too small to outline at map scale) circle diameter
1.375 mm 3.25 mm
lineweight .15 mm
22.51 Seamount, volcanic origin (shown as point symbol
when too small to outline at map scale)
A–22–3
23—MISCELLANEOUS UPLIFT AND COLLAPSE FEATURES

[Symbols for miscellaneous uplift and collapse features are usually reserved for maps at scales of 1:250,000 or smaller]

lineweight 5.25 mm .75 mm Hachures point toward
.25 mm
23.1 Outline of metamorphic core complex—Certain .75 mm downdropped body.
hachure lineweight .175 mm
23.2
Outline of metamorphic core complex— 5.0
Approximately located mm H-8
? ?
23.3
Outline of metamorphic core complex— 1.0 mm
all lineweights hachure height Hachures point into

23.4 .15 mm .55 mm;
Collapse structure or sinkhole spacing 1.25 mm sinkhole.
lineweight .15 mm
23.5 Crater outline, unspecified origin dash 1.25 mm;
space .375 mm
circle diameter 2.5 mm;
23.6 Uplift—Local, intensely disturbed lineweight .25 mm
crossbar lineweight .175 mm

H-7
S
23.7 Salt dome S
lineweight .275 mm
S S
23.8 Possible salt dome
100% black
23.9 Salt and (or) shale diapirs
A–23–1
24—TERRESTRIAL IMPACT-CRATER FEATURES

Use to show crater that
24.1 Primary terrestrial impact crater, type 1 is too small to outline at
dot diameter 2.125 mm map scale.
lineweight .2 mm
Secondary terrestrial impact crater, type 1—
24.2
Formed by debris thrown from primary crater
Use to show crater that
24.3 Primary terrestrial impact crater, type 2 is too small to outline at
dot diameter 1.625 mm map scale.
lineweight .2 mm
24.4 Secondary terrestrial impact crater, type 2—
Formed by debris thrown from primary crater
all lineweights .2 mm Hachures point into cra-
24.5 Terrestrial impact crater without raised rim— ter.
Certain
hachure height .75 mm; spacing 2.0 mm
24.6 Terrestrial impact crater without raised rim—

? ?
24.7
Terrestrial impact crater without raised rim— 1.0 mm

Inferred H-8
? ?
Terrestrial impact crater without raised rim— 1.0 mm 1.0 mm
24.9 ? ?
Inferred, queried

Concealed .5 mm
H-8
? ?
24.11 Terrestrial impact crater without raised rim— ? ?
.5 mm
Concealed, queried
24.12 Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim—Certain 1.0 mm
hachure spacing 2.0 mm
Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim—

24.13
? ?
24.14
Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim— 1.0 mm
24.15 Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim—Inferred

H-8
? ?
Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim—Inferred, 1.0 mm 1.0 mm
24.16 ? ?
queried
24.17 Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim—

Concealed .5 mm H-8
? ?
Terrestrial impact crater with raised rim— ? .5 mm
24.18 ?
Concealed, queried
A–24–1
24—TERRESTRIAL IMPACT-CRATER FEATURES (continued)

lineweight .25 mm
24.19 Outer boundary, floor of terrestrial impact
crater dash 2.0 mm;
space .5 mm
lineweight .2 mm
Outer boundary, central mound of complex
24.20 dash .75 mm;
terrestrial impact crater
space .375 mm
24.21 Terrestrial palimpsest area 100% black
24.22 Terrestrial impact ejecta pattern 119-K
Palimpsest area around complex terrestrial impact

24.23 feature—Ejecta obscures morphology of area pattern
surrounding crater 119-K
A–24–2
25—PLANETARY GEOLOGY FEATURES

lineweight .15 mm
25.1 Contact, planetary—Certain
3.5 mm
25.2 Contact, planetary—Approximate
1.0 mm
1.5 mm
25.3 Contact, planetary—Inferred
1.0 mm
.5 mm
25.4 Contact, planetary—Concealed
.5 mm
lineweight .375 mm
25.5 Fault, planetary, sense of offset unspecified—
Certain
3.5 mm
Approximate
1.0 mm
1.5 mm
Inferred 1.0 mm
.5 mm
Concealed .5 mm
.875 mm diameter Ball and bar on down-
25.9 Fault, planetary, normal offset—Certain 1.0 mm stem lineweight thrown block.
.15 mm
lineweight .375 mm
3.5 mm
25.10 Fault, planetary, normal offset—Approximate
1.0 mm
1.5 mm
25.11 Fault, planetary, normal offset—Inferred
1.0 mm
.5 mm
25.12 Fault, planetary, normal offset—Concealed
.5 mm
lineweight 25° 1.75 mm Arrows show direction
.375 mm arrow
25.13 Fault, planetary, right-lateral offset—Certain of relative offset.
5.0 lineweight
mm .15 mm
3.5 mm
25.14 Fault, planetary, right-lateral offset—Approximate
1.0 mm
1.5 mm
25.15 Fault, planetary, right-lateral offset—Inferred
1.0 mm
.5 mm
25.16 Fault, planetary, right-lateral offset—Concealed
.5 mm
lineweight 1.75 mm
25°
Arrows show direction
25.17 .375 mm arrow of relative offset.
Fault, planetary, left-lateral offset—Certain
lineweight
5.0 mm .15 mm
3.5 mm
25.18 Fault, planetary, left-lateral offset—Approximate
1.0 mm
1.5 mm
25.19 Fault, planetary, left-lateral offset—Inferred
1.0 mm
.5 mm
25.20 Fault, planetary, left-lateral offset—Concealed
.5 mm
A–25–1
25—PLANETARY GEOLOGY FEATURES (continued)

Graben trace, planetary—Certain (shown as lineweight .375 mm
25.21 single line where bounding normal faults
cannot be mapped separately) ball diameter 1.375 mm
3.5 mm
Graben trace, planetary—Approximately located
25.22 (shown as single line where bounding normal
faults cannot be mapped separately) 1.0 mm
Graben trace, planetary—Inferred (shown as 1.5 mm
25.23 single line where bounding normal faults cannot
be mapped separately) 1.0 mm
Graben trace, planetary—Concealed (shown as .5 mm
25.24 single line where bounding normal faults cannot
be mapped separately) .5 mm
lineweight .375 mm 65° Sawteeth on upper
25.25 Thrust fault, planetary—Certain plate.
sawtooth height 1.5 mm; spacing 6.0 mm
5.0 mm
25.26 Thrust fault, planetary—Approximately located
1.0 mm
2.0 mm
25.27 Thrust fault, planetary—Inferred
1.0 mm
.5 mm
25.28 Thrust fault, planetary—Concealed
.5 mm
65° lineweight .25 mm Barbs point downslope.
25.29 Ridge crest, type 1, planetary 3.0 mm
65°
65° all lineweights
.25 mm
25.30 Ridge crest, type 2, planetary 3.0 mm
65°
Line end without arrow-
25.31 Ridge crest, type 1, planetary—Arrowhead shows 65° head indicates gradual
abrupt termination of ridge termination of ridge.
1.375 mm
all lineweights .25 mm Barbs point downslope.
25.32 Scarp base, planetary 1.5 mm
65°
25.33 Trough or narrow depression, planetary 3.0 mm
65°
lineweight .25 mm
25.34 Furrow, planetary 1.75
mm
1.75 mm
25.35 Sharp groove, planetary 1.5
mm
.825 mm
25.36 Subdued groove, planetary 1.5
mm
lineweight .25 mm 5.0 Hachures point down-

mm
25.37 Scarp top, planetary slope.
hachure lineweight .2 mm; height 1.0 mm
25.38 Lobate scarp, planetary
hachure height 1.0 mm
25.39 Basal scarp, planetary
lineweight .25 mm
25.40 Dome or circular scarp, planetary hachure lineweight .2 mm;
height 1.25 mm;
spacing 1.25 mm
lineweight .25 mm
25.41 Depression, planetary hachure lineweight .2 mm;
height .875 mm;
spacing 3.5 mm
A–25–2

25.42 Lineament, planetary
.5 mm
lineweight .25 mm line color 100% cyan
25.43 Shallow or linear depression, valley, or channel,
planetary long dash 4.0 mm; short dash .375 mm;
space .375 mm
25.44 Joint or fracture pattern, planetary

pattern 430-K
25.45 Area of reticulate grooves, planetary—Showing

trend pattern 327-K
lineweight .25 mm Hachures point into cra-

25.46 Crest of crater rim, planetary hachure lineweight .2 mm; .375 mm ter.
height .75 mm;
spacing may vary from 3.0 to 6.25 mm
lineweight .25 mm
25.47 Crest of buried crater rim, planetary long dash 3.0 mm;
short dash .375 mm;
space .375 mm
all lineweights .2 mm Hachures point down-
25.48 1.5 mm slope.
Crater, planetary—Showing central peak ellipse width 1.875 mm;
height 2.625 mm
Crater, planetary—Showing central peak (shown
25.49 2.375 mm
as 'plus' when too small to outline at map scale)
25.50 Crater floor, planetary—Showing pit

lineweight .2 mm
25.51
Crater floor, planetary—Showing pit (shown as
'dot' when too small to outline at map scale)
lineweight Hachures point into cra-
Impact crater, planetary—Having a raised rim and .15 mm
25.52 ter.
a visible ejecta blanket
Complex impact crater, planetary—Peak at center, lineweight

.15 mm
25.53 surrounded by floor, rim crest, and rough rim or
continuous ejecta or field of secondary craters
25.54 Palimpsest ring, planetary

dot diameter .875 mm; spacing .375 mm
pattern 428-K May be shown in red or

25.55 Dark-colored ejecta, planetary other colors.
pattern 429-K
25.56 Light-colored ejecta, planetary
pattern 427-K May be shown in red or

25.57 Terrace deposits, planetary other colors.
pattern 214-K
25.58 (@ 45°)
Dark-colored mantling material, planetary
pattern 102-R May be shown in black

25.59 Secondary crater field, planetary or other colors.
pattern 134-R
25.60 Diffuse highland-lowland boundary scarp,
planetary
A–25–3

lineweight .2 mm Hachures point into cra-
25.61 Chain craters or collapsed lava tube, planetary ter.
lineweight .25 mm
25.62 Caldera, planetary hachure lineweight
.2 mm; height .625
mm; spacing .875 mm
lineweight .15 mm
Volcano, planetary, without summit crater— v?
25.63 v?
Queried if origin is conjectural H-8
lineweight .15 mm
25.64 Volcano, planetary, with summit crater
lineweight .25 mm
1.125 mm
25.65
Flow front, planetary—Arrow indicates flow 1.375 mm
direction arrow lineweight
40° .25 mm
lineweight .2 mm
25.66 Mountain (rugged), planetary—Origin uncertain (screened to
retain 50%)
lineweight .2 mm
25.67 Channel bars, planetary—May be erosional or (screened to
depositional retain 30%)
lineweight .25 mm 1.75

25.68
Slide or slump material, planetary—Arrow arrow mm
indicates direction of movement lineweight 2.5
.2 mm mm 60°
lineweight .2 mm
25.69 Layering in canyon wall, planetary
lengths and spacing will vary
A–25–4
26—HYDROLOGIC FEATURES
26.1—Hydrography and hydrologic feature indentification symbology
lineweight .175 mm H-7 dash 1.75 mm;
space .5 mm
26.1.1 Alkali flat Alkali Flat Alkali Flat
lineweight .3 mm
26.1.2 Large, dammed reservoir
lineweight .2 mm;
fill color 20% cyan line color 100% cyan
fill color 20% cyan
26.1.3 Small reservoir
lineweight .15 mm
lineweight .15 mm
26.1.4 Covered reservoir pattern 214-K
(@ 45°)
Glacier or permanent snowfield—Showing glacial dash 1.75 mm; (rotated
26.1.5 space .5 mm perpendicular
trend to glacial trend)
Salt H-7 Salt
26.1.6 Salt evaporator
Evaporator Evaporator
dash 1.75 mm; (at 90°)
26.1.7 Inundation area space .5 mm
lineweight .15 mm
26.1.8 Fish hatchery or farm Fish H-7 Fish
Hatchery fill color
Hatchery 20% cyan
H-7 lineweight .15 mm
26.1.9 Industrial water impoundment Industrial Water Industrial Water fill color
Impoundment Impoundment 20% cyan
lineweights .2 mm lineweight .3 mm
in 100% cyan in 100% black
26.1.10 Area to be submerged
pattern 201-C fill color
(at 135°) 20% cyan
lineweights .15 mm
Sewage H-7 Sewage
26.1.11 Sewage disposal or filtration pond Disposal Disposal pattern 201-C
(at 135°)
line color
Tailings Tailings 100% brown
26.1.12 Tailings pond Pond H-7 Pond lineweight .175
pattern 422-B mm; dash 2.0 mm;
space 0.5 mm
pattern 420-C
26.1.13 Marsh, wetland, swamp, or bog
pattern 424-C
26.1.14 Mangrove area
pattern 423-C
26.1.15 Rice field
lineweight .175
Cranberry mm Cranberry
26.1.16 Cranberry bog Bog Bog
line color H-7
100% cyan pattern 425-C
lineweight .15 H-7
Tidal Flat mm Tidal Flat
26.1.17 Tidal, mud, sand, or gravel flats pattern 421-K
dash 1.75 mm; over fill color
space .5 mm 20% cyan
lineweight .2 mm fill color
26.1.18 Coastline of bay, estuary, gulf, ocean, or sea 20% cyan
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.19 Shoal Shoal Shoal
dash .2 mm; H-7
space .425 mm
H-7 all lineweights .175 mm
26.1.20 Soda evaporator Soda Soda
Evaporator Evaporator
A–26–1
26—HYDROLOGIC FEATURES (continued)

26.1—Hydrography and hydrologic feature indentification symbology (continued)
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.21 Shoreline
all line colors 100% cyan
lineweight .15 mm;
26.1.22 Manmade shoreline dash 1.75 mm;
space .5 mm
lineweight .2 mm
lineweight .15 mm
26.1.23 Indefinite shoreline
dash 1.75 mm;
line color 100% cyan space .5 mm
H-7 Apparent Limit

26.1.24 Apparent limit of water body Apparent Limit
lineweight .15 mm;
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.25 Outline of a Carolina bay
dash 1.75 mm;
line color 100% cyan space .5 mm
26.1.26 Danger curve Danger Curve Danger Curve
dash .375 mm;
space .375 mm
lineweight .15 mm Rotate tail to point in
draft as shown
26.1.27 Spring, as shown on general-purpose or smaller Spring H-7 Spring downhill direction of
scale maps
line color 100% cyan circle diameter 1.0 mm flow.
26.1.28
Nonflowing well, as shown on general-purpose or Nonflowing Nonflowing
smaller scale maps Well Well
line color 100% cyan circle diameter 1.0 mm
26.1.29
Flowing well, as shown on general-purpose or Flowing Flowing
smaller scale maps Well Well
H-7
26.1.30 Riser Riser Riser
.75 mm
26.1.31 Geyser, as shown on general-purpose or smaller Geyser Geyser
scale maps
26.1.32 Windmill Windmill H-7 Windmill
windmill arm 1.25 mm
angles 110°, 70° .675 mm
all lineweights .2 mm TBI-7
all line colors
26.1.33 Rapids on single-line drainage Rapids 100% cyan
Rapids
hachure height 1.25 mm; spacing .5 mm
all line colors 100% cyan TBI-7
26.1.34 Rapids on double-line drainage hachure lineweight Rapids
Rapids
.125 mm; height .825
mm; spacing .425 mm lineweight .2 mm
all line colors 100% cyan
26.1.35 Falls on single-line drainage TBI-7
Falls all lineweights .2 mm Falls
TBI-7 all line colors 100% cyan
26.1.36 Falls on double-line drainage Falls Falls hachure lineweight
.125 mm; height .825
lineweight .2 mm mm; spacing .425 mm
arrow length 2.5 mm;
26.1.37 Gravel pit or quarry filled with water arrowhead .75 mm x
.75 mm x .75 mm
26.1.38
Gaging station, as shown on general-purpose or Gaging Gaging
smaller scale maps Station Station
H-7
26.1.39 Pumping station Pumping Pumping
Station Station
.875 mm
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.40 Water intake
circle diameter
1.75 mm dot diameter .375 mm
A–26–2

spacing lineweight .3 mm
may vary color fill
26.1.41 Dam or weir 20% cyan
lineweights .2 mm; line colors 100% cyan
lineweight H-7
Lock .2 mm; Lock
26.1.42 Canal lock or sluice gate line color 45° wing lineweight
100% cyan .175 mm; minimum
length .575 mm
lineweight .175 mm
HI-5 SPILLWAY
26.1.43 Spillway SPILLWAY dash 1.75 mm;
space .5 mm
lineweight .2 mm; H-7
Gate line color Gate
26.1.44 Gate (flood, tidal, head, or check) 100% cyan
bar lineweight .25 mm; length 1.5 mm
H-7 60°
26.1.45 Rock Rock Rock
lineweight .15 mm
26.1.46 Crevasse length and
spacing
may vary
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.47 Stream—Perennial
lineweight .15 mm
26.1.48 Stream—Intermittent, type 1
lineweight .2 mm dash length 4.0 mm
26.1.49 Stream—Intermittent, type 2
line color dot diameter .3 mm;
100% cyan spacing .625 mm
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.50 Braided stream—Perennial
lineweight .15 mm
26.1.51 Braided stream—Intermittent
lineweight .2 mm
HI-5
26.1.52 Ditch—Perennial DITCH DITCH

DITCH DITCH
26.1.53 Ditch—Intermittent
lineweight .2 mm fill color 20% cyan
26.1.54 spacing
Aqueduct—Perennial may vary
lineweight .15 mm fill color 20% cyan
26.1.55 spacing
Aqueduct—Intermittent may vary
all lineweights .2 mm HI-5 line and
26.1.56 Flume—Perennial FLUME wing length FLUME text color
.575 mm; 100% cyan
angle 45° dash 1.25 mm; space .5 mm
26.1.57 FLUME wing length FLUME text color
Flume—Intermittent 100% cyan
.575 mm;
PENSTOCK PENSTOCK text color
26.1.58 Penstock—Perennial wing length
.575 mm; 100% cyan
PENSTOCK wing length PENSTOCK text color
26.1.59 Penstock—Intermittent 100% cyan
.575 mm;
A–26–3

SIPHON dash 2.5 mm; SIPHON
26.1.60 Siphon—Perennial space .5 mm
SIPHON dash 2.5 mm; SIPHON
26.1.61 Siphon—Intermittent space .5 mm
lineweight .2 mm; HI-5
CHANNEL dash 2.5 mm; CHANNEL
26.1.62 Channel in open water—Perennial space .5 mm spacing
may vary
line and text color 100% cyan; fill color 20% cyan
lineweight .15 mm; HI-5
CHANNEL dash 2.5 mm; CHANNEL
26.1.63 Channel in open water—Intermittent space .5 mm spacing
may vary
line and text color 100% cyan; fill color 20% cyan
pattern 421-B
26.1.64 Wash or ephemeral drain
lineweight .2 mm
26.1.65 Lake or pond
fill color
line color 100% cyan 20% cyan
lineweight (coastline) .2 mm in 100% cyan
lineweight (coral reef) .125 mm
26.1.66 Coral reef
fill color
20% cyan
lineweight .175 mm
H-7
26.1.67 Sand in open water, type 1 Sand Sand
dash .175 mm; fill color
space .375 mm 20% cyan
pattern 421-K
26.1.68 Sand in open water, type 2 Sand Sand
H-7
fill color 20% cyan
lineweight dash 2.5 mm;
SPOIL .175 mm SPOIL space .5 mm
26.1.69 Spoil area in open water
AREA fill color AREA H-7
20% cyan
26.1.70 Right bank
Right bank Right bank Left bank
arrow length
26.1.71 Left bank line color 100% cyan 7.0 mm;
arrowhead
Left bank fill color 20% cyan angle 25°
lineweight .2 mm line and text color
SUBMERGED JETTY HI-5 100% cyan
26.1.72 Submerged or sunken hydrologic feature SUBMERGED JETTY
dash 2.0 mm; space 1.0 mm

lineweight .15 mm line color
Dry hydrologic feature dash 2.0 mm; 100% cyan
26.1.73 space .5 mm
pattern 119-C
H-7
26.1.74 Salt Salt Salt
H-7
26.1.75 Mineral or hot spring (such as sulfur or alkali) Sulfur Sulfur
HI-7
26.1.76 Water surface elevation ELEVATION 127 ELEVATION 127

26.1.77 River mile MILE MILE
460 460
2.0 mm
A–26–4

26.2—Water wells
lineweight .15 mm Circle indicates specific
26.2.1 Water well—Type of use unspecified type of water-supply
diameter 1.75 mm well; may be used alone
or in combination with
various ornamentations
26.2.2 Well—Used for domestic-water supply shown below.
diameter 1.75 mm
May also be drawn in
lineweight .2 mm cyan or other colors.
26.2.3 Well—Used for stock-water supply
diameter 1.75 mm
outer circle diameter 2.0 mm; lineweight .2 mm
26.2.4 Well—Used for irrigation-water supply
inner circle diameter 1.125 mm; lineweight .15 mm
circle diameter 2.0 mm; lineweight .2 mm
26.2.5 Well—Used for industrial-water supply
lineweight .375 mm
26.2.6 Well—Used for public-water supply
diameter 2.0 mm
26.2.7 Water well—Unused 3.75 mm
bar lineweight .3 mm
20° 1.25 mm Although only shown
2.0 mm arrow
26.2.8 Artesian well lineweight .15 mm with symbol used for
circle diameter 1.75 mm; lineweight .2 mm stock-water supply well,
radius .3125 mm ornamentation may be
1.375 mm lineweight added to any type of
26.2.9 Nonflowing artesian well .175 mm water-supply well sym-
circle diameter 1.75 mm; lineweight .2 mm bol.
20° arrow May also be drawn in
2.0 mm 1.25 lineweight
26.2.10 Water recharge or waste-injection well mm cyan or other colors.
.15 mm
26.2.11 Observation water well
3.75 mm 45°
H-6
R R
26.2.12 Observation water well—Equipped with recorder
26.2.13 Abandoned water well circle diameter
1.75 mm 45°
3.75 mm
26.2.14 Destroyed water well circle diameter
1.75 mm 45°
3.75 mm
center bar .6 mm
lineweights .15 mm
26.2.15 Test hole for water
1.25 mm all lineweights .2 mm
26.2.16 Water well—Capped 1.0 mm
circle diameter
1.75 mm
26.2.17 Water well—Shut-in
1.0 mm
26.2.18 Dry hole—Water exploration
26.2.19 Well—Used for collection of water data
A–26–5

26.3—Water gaging stations
60° Triangle indicates spe-
26.3.1 Gaging station—Type of measurement cific type of gaging sta-
2.375 mm
unspecified tion; may be used alone
lineweight .15 mm
or in combination with
various ornamentations
26.3.2 Gaging station—Continuous-record shown below.
May be combined with
lineweight .175 mm symbols for quality-of-
26.3.3 Gaging station—Partial-record 1.2 mm water sites; place trian-
gle above and adjoining
lineweight .2 mm
quality-of-water site
26.3.4
symbol.
Measurement station without a gage
Usually reserved for
use on larger scale,
triangle lineweight .2 mm special-purpose maps.
bar lineweight
26.3.5 Discontinued gaging station 3.75 mm .3 mm
1.5 mm Although only shown

26.3.6 Gaging station—Equipped with a telephone or 1.25 mm
with symbol used for
60° "antenna"
radio continuous-record gag-
.875 mm lineweight .175 mm
25° ing station, ornamenta-
2.0 mm 1.25 mm tion may be added to
26.3.7 Peak-flow measurement station any type of gaging sta-
arrow
lineweight .15 mm tion symbol.
25°
2.0 mm 1.25 mm
26.3.8 Low-flow measurement station
arrow
lineweight .15 mm
3.0 mm
26.3.9 Stage-measurement station 1.125 mm
crossbar lineweight .2 mm
26.4—Quality-of-water sites
Inverted triangle indi-
26.4.1 Quality-of-water site—Type of measurement 2.375 mm cates specific type of
unspecified quality-of-water site;
may be used alone or in
combination with vari-
26.4.2 Active quality-of-water site ous ornamentations
shown below.
lineweight .375 mm May be combined with
26.4.3 Active quality-of-water site—Equipped with a
symbols for gaging sta-
monitor
tions; place inverted tri-
triangle lineweight .2 mm angle below and adjoin-
ing gaging station
26.4.4 Inactive quality-of-water site 3.75 mm bar lineweight symbol.
.3 mm
1.25 mm Although only shown

26.4.5 Quality-of-water site—Chemical measurement with symbol used for
bar lineweight .25 mm active quality-of-water
site, ornamentation may
1.25 mm
Quality-of-water site—Temperature measurement be added to any type of
26.4.6
quality-of-water site
bar lineweight .25 mm symbol.
1.25 mm
26.4.7 Quality-of-water site—Biological measurement
1.25 mm
26.4.8 Quality-of-water site—Sediment measurement
A–26–6

26.5—Springs
all lineweights .15 mm radius .325 mm Circle and tail indicate
26.5.1 Spring—Type of use unspecified circle diameter .625 mm specific type of spring;
1.75 mm 2.0 mm may be used alone or in
all lineweights .2 mm combination with vari-
ous ornamentations
26.5.2 Spring—Used for collection of water-quality data
shown below.
Rotate tail to point in
dot diameter 1.75 mm downhill direction of
26.5.3 Spring—Used for domestic-water supply flow.
lineweight .2 mm
outer circle diameter 2.0 mm; lineweight .2 mm cyan or other colors.
26.5.4 Spring—Used for irrigation-water supply lineweight .2 mm
inner circle diameter 1.125
mm; lineweight .15 mm
26.5.5 Spring—Used for industrial-water supply
circle diameter 2.0 mm dot diameter 2.0 mm
circle diameter 2.0 mm;
lineweight .375 mm
26.5.6 Spring—Used for public-water supply
lineweight .2 mm
circle diameter 1.75 mm spring symbol
lineweight .2 mm
26.5.7 Unused spring 3.75 mm
Although only shown
T H-6
26.5.8 Thermal spring T with symbol used for
irrigation-water supply
spring, ornamentation
M H-6 may be added to any
26.5.9 Mineral spring M
type of spring symbol.
3.75 mm
26.5.10 Extinct spring lineweight .2 mm
45°
26.6—Miscellaneous hydrologic symbols
lineweight .6 mm dash length 7.5 mm May also be drawn in
26.6.1 Surface-water basin boundary cyan or other colors.
lineweight .425 mm dash length 5.0 mm
26.6.2 Surface-water subbasin boundary
26.6.3 Ground-water divide—Certain

26.6.4 Ground-water divide—Approximately located

circle lineweight .15 mm; diameter
.675 mm; spacing .575 mm
lineweight .175 mm
26.6.5 Ground-water barrier—Certain
lineweight .175 mm
26.6.6 Ground-water barrier—Approximately located
circle lineweight .15 mm; diameter
.675 mm; spacing .575 mm
26.6.7 Infiltration gallery 1.125 mm
.625 mm
5.75 Use open or dashed ar-
mm 30o
26.6.8 Direction of ground-water flow, type 1—Certain 1.125 rows when more than
mm
2.125 mm one type or generation
lineweight .15 mm
of ground-water flow is
shown.
26.6.9 Direction of ground-water flow, type 2—Certain
cyan or other colors.
6.75 mm
Direction of ground-water flow, type 1— 25o
26.6.10 all lineweights
Approximate .25 mm 1.5 mm
2.75 mm
dash 1.5 mm;
26.6.11 Direction of ground-water flow, type 2— space .5 mm
Approximate
A–26–7
27—WEATHER STATIONS
2.0 mm
Diamond indicates spe-
27.1 Weather station—Type of measurement cific type of weather
unspecified station; may be used
alone or in combination
27.2 Weather station—Complete with various ornamen-
tations shown below.
27.3 Snow-survey course

27.4 Weather station—Precipitation measurement
27.5 Weather station—Evaporation measurement
27.6 Weather station—Temperature measurement
27.7 Weather station—Humidity measurement
S
27.8 Weather station—Solar-radiation measurement H-6
arrow 5.0 mm
lineweight 25°
27.9 Weather station—Wind-velocity measurement .15 mm 1.25 mm
1.25 mm
2.0 mm
27.10 Weather station—Discontinued 3.75 mm
R R H-6 Although only shown

27.11 Weather station—Equipped with a recorder with symbol used for
snow-survey course,
1.5 mm ornamentation may be
Weather station—Equipped with a telephone or 1.25 mm added to any type of
27.12
60° "antenna" weather station symbol.
radio .875 mm lineweight .175 mm
A–27–1
28—TRANSPORTATION FEATURES
outlines: lineweight .125 mm in 100% black
28.1 Primary route—Class 1, undivided .35 mm
fill: lineweight .35 mm; line color 100% red
28.2 Primary route—Class 1, divided by centerline .325 mm .325 mm
28.3 Primary route—Class 1, divided, lanes separated .35 mm .25 mm
3.25 mm 3.25 mm
28.4
Secondary route—Class 2, divided, lanes .35 mm
separated outlines: lineweight .125 mm in 100% black
lineweight .375 mm
28.5 Road or street—Class 3
line color screened to retain 40% black
lineweight .2 mm
28.6 Road or street—Class 4
line color screened to retain 40% black
28.7 TRAIL TRAIL
Trail—Class 5, other than 4-wheel-drive vehicles
dash 1.25 mm; space .5 mm
JEEP TRAIL JEEP TRAIL
28.8 Trail—Class 5, 4-wheel-drive vehicles
H-6 draft as shown
28.9 Interstate route number 70 70
lineweight .15 mm
H-6 draft as shown

28.10 U.S. route number 25 25
lineweight .15 mm
H-6
28.11 State route number 36 36
circle diameter
HI-5 TUNNEL
TUNNEL
28.12 Road, street, or highway in tunnel lineweight .125 mm; dash wing lineweight
length 1.25 mm; space .5 mm; .125 mm; length
double-line spacing .35 mm .575 mm; angle 45°
space .375 mm
28.13 Road, street, or highway overpass or bridge
HI-5
FORD FORD lineweight .125 mm;
28.14 Road, street, or highway submerged or in a ford double-line spacing
.35 mm; dash length
1.25 mm; space .5 mm
HI-5 FERRY
28.15 Ferry crossing FERRY
lineweight .125 mm; dash 1.25 mm; space .5 mm

lineweight .125 mm
28.16 Railroad (one track) 1.0
mm
5.0 mm
HI-6
BURLINGTON BURLINGTON
28.17 Railroad (one track)—Showing name NORTHERN NORTHERN

28.18 Railroad (more than one track)—Showing number .5
of tracks 4 TRACKS 4 TRACKS mm
HI-5 5.0 mm
space .375 mm
28.19 Railroad overpass or bridge
wing lineweight .125 mm;
length .575 mm; angle 45°
lineweight HI-5
28.20 PIPELINE .125 mm PIPELINE
Pipeline
lineweight POWER HI-5
POWER
TRANSMISSION LINE .125 mm TRANSMISSION LINE
28.21 Power transmission line
dash length .825 mm; space .425 mm;
A–28–1
29—BOUNDARIES
H-8 CANADA
CANADA
29.1 International boundary UNITED STATES
UNITED STATES long dash 5.0 mm; short dash
1.75 mm; space .75 mm lineweight .4 mm
lineweight .3 mm
29.2 State boundary
long dash 5.0 mm; short dash
lineweight .25 mm
29.3 County boundary
long dash 3.0 mm; short dash
lineweight .2 mm
29.4 Boundary—Civil township, district, precinct, or
barrio short dash 1.5 mm; long dash
4.0 mm; space 1.0 mm
lineweight .2 mm
29.5
Boundary—Incorporated city, village, town,
borough, or hamlet long dash 3.0 mm; short dash
1.0 mm; space .5 mm
Boundary—National park, monument, lakeshore, lineweight .25 mm
29.6 seashore, parkway, battlefield, or recreation
dash length 3.5 mm;
area space 3.0 mm dot diameter .375 mm
lineweight .25 mm
29.7 Boundary—National forest or grassland
dash length 3.5 mm;
space 3.0 mm dot diameter .375 mm
lineweight .25 mm
29.8
Boundary—National wildlife refuge, game
preserve, or fish hatchery dash length 3.5 mm;
lineweight .25 mm
29.9 Boundary—National scenic waterway or
wilderness area dash length 3.5 mm;
lineweight .25 mm
29.10 Boundary—Indian reservation
dash length 3.5 mm;
lineweight .25 mm
29.11 Boundary—Military reservation
dash length 3.5 mm;
lineweight .2 mm
29.12 Boundary—Small park
dash length 1.0 mm; space .75 mm
lineweight .3 mm
29.13 Continental Divide
dash 10.0 mm; space 2.5 mm
lineweight .3 mm
29.14 State Federal Information Processing Standards
(FIPS) code long dash 6.25 mm; short dash 1.75 mm;
space .825 mm
lineweight .25 mm
29.15 County or county-equivalent FIPS code
long dash 6.25 mm; short dash 1.75 mm;
space .825 mm
A–29–1
30—TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES
HI-6 May also be drawn in
30.1 Topographic contour—Index 200 200 either brown or a lighter
lineweight .25 mm color 40% black or darker shade of
black, depending on
contour density.
30.2 Topographic contour—Intermediate
lineweight .15 mm
HI-6 Bathymetric contour

30.3 Bathymetric contour—Index 1000 1000 values are given in
lineweight .25 mm color 100% cyan "below sea-level" units
and so should not be
Bathymetric contour—Intermediate preceded by a minus
30.4
(–) sign.
lineweight .15 mm
A–30–1
31—MISCELLANEOUS MAP ELEMENTS

R 44 E On larger scale maps
Township and range line—Location certain. color 100% red
31.1 lineweight .25 mm (for example, 1:24,000
Showing township and range numbers T 32 N scale), every section is
H-7
R 44 E usually labeled; on
31.2
smaller scale maps (for
Township and range line—Location uncertain 6 H-8
example, 1:100,000
T 32 N
scale), usually only the
corner sections (nos. 1,
31.3
Section line—Location certain. Showing section 6 lineweight 6, 31, and 36) are la-
number .15 mm
beled.
lineweight .25 mm; lineweight .15 mm; All townships and rang-
dash length 2.5 mm; dash length 2.5 mm;
31.4 Section line—Location uncertain space .5 mm space .5 mm es, regardless of scale,
should be labeled.

31.5 Map neatline and latitude/longitude tick and value 40°37'30" 40°37'30"
2.0
mm
31.6 Cross section line and label

A' lineweight .2 mm
A'
A A TBI-12
Qof lineweight .15 mm Qof

H-8
31.7 Map unit label and leader
Qal Qal lineweight .175 mm
v v
31.8
Map unit label (containing geologic age S-8
characters) and leader g g
A–31–1
32—EXPLANATION FOR PATTERN CHART (PLATE B)

DISCUSSION
The Pattern Chart (Plate B) was designed to closely replicate the series of patterns in the informally named "Technical Cartographic Standards" volume
(U.S. Geological Survey, ca.1975). They were designed in Adobe Illustrator 8.0 (Macintosh) for 1800 dpi output, and so some patterns may not plot or
print correctly if output at at lower resolutions.
For general information on the use of color and patterns on geologic maps, see Section 5 entitled "Guidelines for Color Design" in the accompanying
introductory text.
DESCRIPTION
White background is transparent (underlying map-unit color will be visible)

Patterns with white background
Pattern is in front; one bounding box (having Fill and Stroke set to 'None') is in back
Black background is opaque (underlying map-unit color will not be visible)
Patterns with black background Pattern is in front; two bounding boxes are in back (box directly beneath pattern has 100% black
Fill and Stroke set to 'None'; box to rear has Fill and Stroke set to 'None')
Pattern number Generic lookup-table

shown below box number shown in upper
left-hand corner of box
(can be used to access
a particular pattern
IGNEOUS PATTERNS (Series 300) from a patternset)
325 326 327 328
313-K 313-C 313-M 313-DO

329 330 331 332
314-K 314-C 314-M 314-DO

333 334 335 336
315-K 315-C 315-M 315-DO

337 338 339 340
316-K 316-C 316-M 316-DO

341 342 343 344
317-K 317-C 317-M 317-DO

345 346 347 348
318-K 318-C 318-M 318-DO
A–32–1
33—SUGGESTED STRATIGRAPHIC-AGE AND VOLCANIC MAP-UNIT COLORS

CMYK values: A = 8%; 1 = 13%; 2 = 20%; 3 = 30%; 4 = 40%; 5 = 50%; 6 = 60%; 7 = 70%; X = 100%
33.1—Stratigraphic-age map-unit colors
Q
0070 0010 0A60 0050 0030
T
0370 0A30 A4X0 A370 0260 0140 A250 0240
K
5070 1040 5170 4150 4060 3050
J
6040 2020 7050 5040 3030

6020 20A0 6A30 4020 3010
P
6000 3000 7010 5010 40A0

6200 4A00 72A0 61A0 5100
M
4310 21A0 5310 42A0 32A0
D
5400 2200 6500 4400 3300
S
3500 A200 4600 34A0 2300
O
0510 02A0 A510 0410 0310

0540 0220 A540 0430 A330
A110 4550 3440 2330 1220 1210
A120 4570 3460 2350 1240 A130

1A30 5370 4360 3260 3240 2140
4460 1AA0 5330 4330 4220 3220 2110

33.2—Volcanic map-unit colors
5X00 1500 3X00 0X00 0400 0550 0XX0 07X0 0470 05X0
A–33–1
34—EXPLANATION FOR CMYK COLOR CHART (PLATE A)

DISCUSSION
The CMYK Color Chart (Plate A) was designed to reproduce the colors shown on the U.S. Geological Survey's offset-printed process-ink color chart,
"Printing Colors and Screens in Use by the U.S. Geological Survey for Geologic and Hydrologic Maps" (yellow/magenta/cyan version), which has long
been used at the USGS for choosing unit colors on geologic maps. Plate A nearly exactly reproduces the offset-printed USGS color chart, except that
the original color codes indicating the YMC (yellow/magenta/cyan) values have been converted to CMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow, with K = 0) to conform
to industry standards.
For general information on the use of color and patterns on geologic maps, see Section 5 entitled "Guidelines for Color Design" in the accompanying
introductory text.
CMY value shown below box; Generic lookup-table

see below for explanation of number shown in upper
abbreviations used (shown left-hand corner of box
along far left side of boxes) (can be used to access
a particular color from
a shadeset)
8% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109
A00 AA0 A10 A20 A30 A40 A50 A60 A70 AX0
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119
A0A AAA A1A A2A A3A A4A A5A A6A A7A AXA
120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129
A01 AA1 A11 A21 A31 A41 A51 A61 A71 AX1
130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139
A02 AA2 A12 A22 A32 A42 A52 A62 A72 AX2
140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149
A03 AA3 A13 A23 A33 A43 A53 A63 A73 AX3
150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159
A04 AA4 A14 A24 A34 A44 A54 A64 A74 AX4
160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169
A05 AA5 A15 A25 A35 A45 A55 A65 A75 AX5
170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179
A06 AA6 A16 A26 A36 A46 A56 A66 A76 AX6
180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189
Abbreviations used to A07 AA7 A17 A27 A37 A47 A57 A67 A77 AX7
specify CMY values
190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199
A0X AAX A1X A2X A3X A4X A5X A6X A7X AXX
A–34–1
35—BAR SCALES
CARTOGRAPHIC SPECIFICATIONS
2 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT:
H-8 insert half-space
H-7 H-6
5.0
1.0 SCALE 1: 25 000 mm
mm
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
6.0 H-6 H-7

mm 1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
1.5
mm
H-7
lineweight .3 mm lineweight .15 mm lineweight .3 mm
3 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT:
5.0
SCALE 1:24 000 mm
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET

4.0
mm
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER H-7
2.5
mm CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET H-8
SUPPLEMENTARY COUNTOUR INTERVAL 10 FEET
NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
H-7
NOTES ON USAGE
Bar scales shown have been designed to use with a quadrangle-sized (1:24,000-scale) map. For other sizes and scales of
maps, bar scales should be approximately one-third of the width of the map area, but usually not longer than 180 mm.
See accompanying tables for various bar-scale calculations, as well as how to draw scales not shown.
DISTANCE MEASURES MEASUREMENT EQUIVALENTS
Metric English
1 mile (mi) = 63,360 inches (in) 1 millimeter (mm) = 1/10 cm = 0.039 in
= 5,280 feet (ft) = 1/1000 m
1 kilometer (km) = 3,280.833 ft 1 centimeter (cm) = 10 mm = 0.393 in
= 0.62137 mi = 1/100 m
1 meter (m) = 100 cm = 39.37 in
= 1,000 mm or 3.28 ft
= 1/1,000 km or 0.00062 mi
1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 m = 3,280.833 ft
= 100,000 cm or 0.62137 mi
= 1,000,000 mm
A–35–1
35—BAR SCALES (continued)

1:20 000, 1:24 000, 1:25 000, 1:31 250, 1:31 680
SCALE 1: 20 000
1 1/ 2 0 1MILE
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 20 000
1 1/ 2 0 1MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1:24 000

1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1:24 000

1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 25 000
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 25 000
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 31 250
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 31 250
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 31 680
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1: 31 680
1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER
A–35–2

1:48 000, 1:50 000, 1:62 500, 1:63 360, 1:72 000
SCALE 1: 48 000
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 MILES
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 48 000
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 50 000
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 MILES
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 50 000
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 62 500
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 62 500
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 24000 27000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 63 360
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 63 360
1 1/ 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 24000 27000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 72 000
1 1/2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 72 000
1 1/2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 24000 27000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
A–35–3

1:75 000, 1:96 000, 1:100 000, 1:125 000, 1:150 000, 1:250 000, 1:400 000, 1:500 000, 1:750 000
SCALE 1: 75 000
1 1/2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 75 000
1 1/2 0 1 2 3 4 5 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 24000 27000 FEET
1 .5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 96 000
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 MILES
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 96 000
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 MILES
3000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000 18000 21000 24000 27000 30000 FEET
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 100 000

1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 MILES
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 125 000

2 0 2 4 6 8 10 MILES
2 0 2 4 6 8 10 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 150 000

2 0 2 4 6 8 10 MILES
2 0 2 4 6 8 10 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 250 000

5 0 5 10 15 20 MILES
5 0 5 10 15 20 25 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 400 000

10 0 10 20 30 MILES
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 500 000

10 0 10 20 30 40 MILES
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 750 000

10 0 10 20 30 40 50 MILES
10 0 10 20 30 40 50 KILOMETERS
A–35–4
SCALE 1:12 000
1/2 0 1/2 1 MILE
.5 0 .5 1 KILOMETER
SCALE 1:12 000

1/2 0 1/2 1 MILE
1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 FEET
.5 0 .5 1KILOMETER
Federal Geographic Data Committee
SCALE 1: 1 000 000

25 0 25 50 75 100 MILES
25 0 25 50 75 100 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 2 000 000

50 0 50 100 150 200 MILES
50 0 50 100 150 200 250 KILOMETERS
A–35–5
SCALE 1: 2 500 000
Public Review Draft - Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization
50 0 50 100 150 200 250 MILES
50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 KILOMETERS

SCALE 1: 5 000 000

100 0 100 200 300 400 500 MILES
100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1: 7 500 000

1:12 000, 1:1 000 000, 1:2 000 000, 1:2 500 000, 1:5 000 000, 1:7 500 000, 1:10 000 000
100 0 100 200 300 400 500 MILES
100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 KILOMETERS
SCALE 1:10 000 000

100 0 200 400 600 800 1000 MILES
100 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 KILOMETERS

PostScript Implementation (filename: of99-430_35-05.eps)
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–430

BAR SCALE CALCULATIONS — MILES (1 mile = 63,360 inches)
SCALE TO MAP TO FIND TOTAL TO FIND TOTAL TOTAL

MILES SCALE LENGTH IN
FRACTIONAL REPRESENTATION MILES PER INCH PER MILES SCALE
(x in ratio) ON INCHES (y in ratio) LENGTH
SCALE Scale represents SCALE INCH Miles on scale
Use ratio below or SCALE Use ratio below or (INCHES)
Unit : Map Unit 63 360 Miles per inch
63 360 = 12 000 0.1893939 = 1.5

1:12 000 1inch 12 000 in 0.1893939 1.5 7.920
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 20 000 0.3156565 = 2

1:20 000 1inch 20 000 in 0.3156565 2 6.336
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 24 000 0.3787878 = 2

1:24 000 1inch 24 000 in 0.3787878 2 5.280
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 25 000 0.3945707 = 2

1:25 000 1inch 25 000 in 0.3945707 2 5.068
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 31 250 0.4932133 = 2
1:31 250 1inch 31 250 in 0.4932133 2 4.055
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 31 680 0.500 = 2

1:31 680 1inch 31 680 in 0.500 2 4.000
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 48 000 0.7575757 = 5

1:48 000 1inch 48 000 in 0.7575757 5 6.600
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 50 000 0.7891414 = 5
1:50 000 1inch 50 000 in 0.7891414 5 6.336
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 62 500 0.9864267 = 6

1:62 500 1inch 62 500 in 0.9864267 6 6.082
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 63 360 1.000 = 6

1:63 360 1inch 63 360 in 1.000 6 6.000
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 72 000 1.1363636 = 6

1:72 000 1inch 72 000 in 1.1363636 6 5.280
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 75 000 1.1837121 = 6
1:75 000 1inch 75 000 in 1.1837121 6 5.068
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 96 000 1.5151515 = 7
1:96 000 1inch 96 000 in 1.5151515 7 4.620
1 x 1 y
1:100 000 1inch 100 000 in 63 360 = 100 000 1.5782828 = 9

1.5782828 9 5.702
1 x 1 y
1:125 000 1inch 125 000 in 63 360 = 125 000 12 1.9728535 = 12

1.9728535 6.082
1 x 1 y
1:150 000 1inch 150 000 in 63 360 = 150 000 12 2.3674242 = 12

2.3674242 5.068
1 x 1 y
To find miles per inch on 1: 12 000 map . . . Solution . . . 63 360 x = 12 000 1

63 360 x = 12 000
63,360 inches = 1 mile Let SCALE (12 000) be in inches
63 360 = 12 000 63 360 x = 12 000
Show in ratio as ... Fractional scale says 1 inch represents 12,000 in
63 360 inches Let x be miles that 1 inch represents on map 1 x 63 360 63 360
Show in ratio as ... x = 12 000 (SCALE)
1 miles 12 000 inches
63 360
x miles
x = 0.1893939
A–35–6

BAR SCALE CALCULATIONS — MILES (1 mile = 63,360 inches)—continued
SCALE TO MAP TO FIND TOTAL TO FIND TOTAL

MILES TOTAL
FRACTIONAL REPRESENTATION MILES PER INCH MILES SCALE LENGTH IN
PER SCALE
SCALE (x in ratio) ON INCHES (y in ratio)
Scale represents SCALE INCH Miles on scale
LENGTH
Unit : Use ratio below or SCALE Use ratio below or (INCHES)
Map Unit 63 360 Miles per inch
1:250 000 1inch 250 000 in 63 360 = 250 000 25 3.945707 = 25

3.945707 6.336
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 400 000 6.3131313 = 40
1:400 000 1inch 400 000 in 6.3131313 40 6.336
1 x 1 y
1:500 000 1inch 500 000 in 63 360 = 500 000 7.8914141 50 7.8914141 = 50 6.336
1 x 1 y
1:750 000 1inch 750 000 in 63 360 = 750 000 11.837121 60 11.837121 = 60 5.068
1 x 1 y
63 360 = 1 000 000 15.782828 = 125
1:1 000 000 1inch 1 000 000 in 15.782828 125 7.920
1 x 1 y
1:2 000 000 1inch 2 000 000 in 63 360 = 2 000 000 31.565656 250 31.565656 = 250 7.920
1 x 1 y
1:2 500 000 1inch 2 500 000 in 63 360 = 2 500 000 39.45707 300 39.45707 = 300 7.603
1 x 1 y
1:5 000 000 1inch 5 000 000 in 63 360 = 5 000 000 78.914141 600 78.914141 = 600 7.603
1 x 1 y
1:7 500 000 1inch 7 500 000 in 63 360 = 7 500 000 118.37121 600 118.37121 = 600 5.068
1 x 1 y
1:10 000 000 1inch 10 000 000 in 63 360 = 10 000 000 157.82828 1100 157.82828 = 1100 6.969
1 x 1 y
To find miles per inch on 1: 250 000 map . . . Solution . . . 63 360 x = 250 000 1
63 360 x = 250 000
63,360 inches = 1 mile Let SCALE (250 000) be in inches
63 360 = 250 000 63 360 x = 250 000
Show in ratio as ... Fractional scale says 1 inch represents 250,000 in
63 360 inches Let x be miles that 1 inch represents on map 1 x 63 360 63 360
Show in ratio as ... x = 250 000 (SCALE)
1 miles 250 000 inches
63 360
x miles
x = 3.945707
A–35–7

BAR SCALE CALCULATIONS — FEET (1 foot = 12 inches)
SCALE TO MAP TOTAL TO FIND TOTAL TOTAL

TO FIND FEET
FRACTIONAL REPRESENTATION FEET SCALE LENGTH IN SCALE
FEET PER INCH PER
SCALE (x in ratio) SCALE ON INCHES (y in ratio) LENGTH
Scale represents INCH
Use ratio below or SCALE Use ratio below or Feet on scale (INCHES)
Unit : Map Unit 12 Feet per inch
12 = 12 000 1000.000 = 6000

1:12 000 1inch 12 000 in 1000.000 6000 6.000
1 x 1 y
12 = 20 000 1666.6666 = 8000

1:20 000 1inch 20 000 in 1666.6666 8000 4.800
1 x 1 y
12 = 24 000 2000.000 = 8000

1:24 000 1inch 24 000 in 2000.000 8000 4.000
1 x 1 y
12 = 25 000 2083.3333 = 8000

1:25 000 1inch 25 000 in 2083.3333 8000 3.840
1 x 1 y
12 = 31 250 2604.1666 = 8000
1:31 250 1inch 31 250 in 2604.1666 8000 3.072
1 x 1 y
1:31 680 1inch 31 680 in 12 = 31 680 8000 2640.000 = 8000

2640.000 3.030
1 x 1 y
12 = 48 000 4000.000 = 24 000

1:48 000 1inch 48 000 in 4000.000 24 000 6.000
1 x 1 y
12 = 50 000 24 000 4166.6666 = 24 000

1:50 000 1inch 50 000 in 4166.6666 5.760
1 x 1 y
12 = 62 500 5208.3333 = 30 000

1:62 500 1inch 62 500 in 5208.3333 30 000 5.760
1 x 1 y
12 = 63 360 5280.000 = 30 000

1:63 360 1inch 63 360 in 5280.000 30 000 5.681
1 x 1 y
12 = 72 000 6000.000 = 30 000

1:72 000 1inch 72 000 in 6000.000 30 000 5.000
1 x 1 y
12 = 75 000 6250.000 = 30 000
1:75 000 1inch 75 000 in 6250.000 30 000 4.800
1 x 1 y
12 = 96 000 8000.000 = 33 000

1:96 000 1inch 96 000 in 8000.000 33 000 4.125
1 x 1 y
To find feet per inch on 1: 12 000 map . . . Solution . . . 12 x = 12 000 1

12 x = 12 000
12 inches = 1 foot Let SCALE (12 000) be in inches
Fractional scale says 1 inch represents 12,000 inches 12 = 12 000 12 x = 12 000
Show in ratio as ...
12 inches Let x be feet that 1 inch represents on map 1 x 12 12
1 feet Show in ratio as ... x = 12 000 (SCALE)
12 000 inches
x 12
feet
x = 1000.00
A–35–8

BAR SCALE CALCULATIONS — KILOMETERS (1 kilometer = 100,000 centimeters)
SCALE TO MAP TO FIND KIL0- TOTAL TO FIND TOTAL TOTAL SCALE

REPRESENTATION KILOMETERS PER METERS KILOMETERS SCALE LENGTH IN LENGTH IN
FRACTIONAL
CENTIMETER (CM) ON CENTIMETERS (y in ratio)
SCALE Scale represents (x in ratio) SCALE
PER Kilometers on scale CENTI- MILLI-
SCALE Use ratio or
Unit : Map Unit Use ratio below or 100 000 CM below Kilometers per cm METERS METERS
100 000 = 12 000 0.120 = 1.5

1:12 000 1cm 12 000 cm 0.120 1.5 12.500 125.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 20 000 0.200 = 2

1:20 000 1cm 20 000 cm 0.200 2 10.000 100.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 24 000 0.240 = 2

1:24 000 1cm 24 000 cm 0.240 2 8.333 83.33
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 25 000 0.250 = 2

1:25 000 1cm 25 000 cm 0.250 2 8.000 80.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 31 250 0.3125 = 2
1:31 250 1cm 31 250 cm 0.3125 2 6.400 64.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 31 680 0.3168 = 2

1:31 680 1cm 31 680 cm 0.3168 2 6.313 63.13
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 48 000 0.480 = 6

1:48 000 1cm 48 000 cm 0.480 6 12.500 125.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 50 000 0.500 = 6

1:50 000 1cm 50 000 cm 0.500 6 12.000 120.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 62 500 0.625 = 8

1:62 500 1cm 62 500 cm 0.625 8 12.800 128.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 63 360 0.6336 = 8

1:63 360 1cm 63 360 cm 0.6336 8 12.626 126.26
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 72 000 0.720 = 8

1:72 000 1cm 72 000 cm 0.720 8 11.111 111.11
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 75 000 0.750 = 8

1:75 000 1cm 75 000 cm 0.750 8 10.666 106.66
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 96 000 0.960 = 9

1:96 000 1cm 96 000 cm 0.960 9 9.375 93.75
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 100 000 1.000 = 11

1:100 000 1cm 100 000 cm 1.000 11 11.000 110.00
1 x 1 y
1:125 000 1cm 125 000 cm 100 000 = 125 000 1.250 12 1.250 = 12 9.600 96.00
1 x 1 y
1:150 000 1cm 150 000 cm 100 000 = 150 000 1.500 12 1.500 = 12 8.000 80.00
1 x 1 y
To find kilometers per centimeter on 1: 12 000 map . . . Solution . . . 100 000 x = 12 000 1
100 000 x = 12 000
100 000 centimeters = 1 kilometer Let SCALE (12 000) be in centimeters
100 000 = 12 000 100 000 x = 12 000
Show in ratio as ... Fractional scale says 1 centimeter represents
100 000 centimeters 12,000 centimeters 1 x 100 000 100 000
Let x be kilometers that 1 cm represents on map x = 12 000 (SCALE)
1 kilometers Show in ratio as ...
12 000 centimeters 100 000
x kilometers x = 0.120
A–35–9

BAR SCALE CALCULATIONS — KILOMETERS (1 kilometer = 100,000 centimeters)—continued
TO FIND KILO- TO FIND TOTAL TOTAL SCALE
SCALE TO MAP TOTAL
KILOMETERS PER METERS SCALE LENGTH IN LENGTH IN
FRACTIONAL REPRESENTATION KILOMETERS
CENTIMETER (CM) PER ON CENTIMETERS (y in ratio)
SCALE Scale represents (x in ratio) SCALE CENTI- MILLI-
SCALE Use ratio or Kilometers on scale
Unit : Map Unit Use ratio below or 100 000 CM Kilometers per cm METERS METERS
below
100 000 = 250 000 2.500 = 30 12.000 120.00

1:250 000 1cm 250 000 cm 2.500 30
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 400 000 4.000 = 60
1:400 000 1cm 400 000 cm 4.000 60 15.000 150.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 500 000 5.000 = 60

1:500 000 1cm 500 000 cm 5.000 60 12.000 120.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 750 000 7.500 = 60

1:750 000 1cm 750 000 cm 7.500 60 8.000 80.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 1 000 000 10.000 = 125

1:1 000 000 1cm 1 000 000 cm 10.000 125 12.500 125.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 2 000 000 20.000 = 300

1:2 000 000 1cm 2 000 000 cm 20.000 300 15.000 150.00
1 x 1 y
25.000 = 400
1:2 500 000 1cm 2 500 000 cm 100 000 = 2 500 000 25.000 400 16.000 160.00
1 x 1 y
100 000 = 5 000 000 50.000 = 800

1:5 000 000 1cm 5 000 000 cm 50.000 800 16.000 160.00
1 x 1 y
75.000 = 800
1:7 500 000 1cm 7 500 000 cm 100 000 = 7 500 000 75.000 800 10.666 106.66
1 x 1 y
100.000 = 1500
1:10 000 000 1cm 10 000 000 cm 100 000 =10 000 000 100.000 1500 15.000 150.00
1 x 1 y
To find kilometers per centimeter on 1: 250 000 map . . . Solution . . . 100 000 x = 250 000 1
100 000 x = 250 000
100 000 centimeters = 1 kilometer Let SCALE (250 000) be in centimeters
Show in ratio as ... 100 000 = 250 000 100 000 x = 250 000
Fractional scale says 1 centimeter represents
100 000 centimeters 250,000 centimeters 1 x 100 000 100 000
Let x be kilometers that 1 cm represents on map x = 250 000 (SCALE)
1 kilometers Show in ratio as ...
250 000 centimeters 100 000
x kilometers x = 2.5
A–35–10
36—MEAN DECLINATION ARROWS

CARTOGRAPHIC SPECIFICATIONS
10° H-6 (14, /, °); H-4 (1, 2)
14 1/2° dot diameter .275 mm; spacing .4 mm

2.25 mm
TH
TRUE NORTH
OR
arrow lineweight .15 mm; length 17.75 mm
IC N
NET
H-4; tracking 50/1000 em
MAG
H-5; tracking 50/1000 em
.75 mm APPROXIMATE MEAN
DECLINATION, 1999
36.1—Magnetic north, east of true north
1° 11/2° 2° 21/2° 3° 31/2° 4°

MAGNETIC NORTH
MAGNETI C NORTH
MAGNE TIC NORTH
MAGN ETIC NORT H
MAG NETI C NORT H
TH
TH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
MAG NET IC NOR
MAG NET IC NOR
APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN
DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999
41/2° 5° 51/2° 6° 61/2° 7° 71/2°

NO RT H
RTH
NO RTH
NO RT H
H
IC NO RT
IC NO RT
IC NO RT
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
MA GN ETI C NO
MA GN ET IC
MA GN ETI C
MA GN ET IC
MA GN ET
MA GN ET
MA GN ET
8° 81/2° 9° 91/2° 10° 101/2° 11°

H
RT H
RT H
N O R TH
N O R TH
N O R TH
H
IC NO RT
NORT
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TI C NO
TI C NO
ET IC
ET IC
E TI C
E T IC
MA GN ET
M AG NE
M AG NE
M AG N
M AG N
MAGN
MAGN
111/2° 12° 121/2° 13° 13 1/2° 14 ° 14 1/2°

TH
TH
H
TH
TH
TH
H
NORT
NORT
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
OR
OR
NOR
NOR
OR
IC N
IC N
IC N
E T IC
N E T IC
N E T IC
N E T IC
NET
NET
NET
MAGN
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN
DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 APPROXIMATE MEAN DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999
DECLINATION, 1999
15 ° 15 1/2° 16 ° 16 1/2° 17° 17 1/2° 18°

TH
RTH
H
TH
TH
H
TH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
ORT
TRUE NORTH
ORT
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
NOR
OR
NOR
OR
NO
IC N
IC N
IC N
IC N
IC
E T IC
IC
NET
NET
NET
NET
NET
NET
GN
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MA
A–36–1
36—MEAN DECLINATION ARROWS (continued)
36.1—Magnetic north, east of true north (continued)
18 1/2° 19° 19 1/2° 20° 20 1/2° 21° 21 1/2°

RTH
RTH
RTH
RTH
H
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
RT
RT
RT
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
IC
ET
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
22° 22 1/2° 23° 23 1/2° 2 4° 24 1/2° 25°

H
H
H
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
H
H
H
H
TRUE NORTH
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
25 1/2° 26° 26 1/2° 27° 27 1/2° 28° 28 1/2°
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
H
H
H
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
29° 29 1/2° 30° 30 1/2° 31° 31 1/2 32°

°
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
H
H
H
H
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
IC
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
ET
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
MA
32 1/2° 33° 33 1/2 34° 34 1/ 35° 35 1/2

° 2° °
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
H
H
H
H
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
RT
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
IC
IC
C
IC
IC
C
C
TI
TI
TI
ET
ET
ET
ET
NE
NE
NE
GN
GN
GN
GN
AG
AG
AG
MA
MA
MA
MA
M
M
A–36–2
36—MEAN DECLINATION ARROWS (continued)

36.2—Magnetic north, west of true north
1° 11/2° 2° 2 1/2° 3° 31/2° 4°

MAGNETIC NORTH
MAGNETI C NORTH
MAGNE TIC NORTH
MAGN ETIC NORT H
MAG NETI C NORT H
MAG NET IC NOR
MAG NET IC NOR

TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TH
TH
41/2° 5° 51/2° 6° 61/2° 7° 71/2°

MA GN ETI C
MA GN ETI C NO
MA GN ET IC
MA GN ET IC
MA GN ET
MA GN ET
MA GN ET
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
IC NO RT
IC NO RT
IC NO RT
NO RTH
NO RT H
NO RT H
RTH
H
H
8° 81/2° 9° 91/2° 10° 101/2° 11°

M AG NE
M AG NE
MA GN ET
M AG N
MAGN
M AG N
MAGN
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
ET IC
E T IC
ET IC
E TI C
TI C NO
TI C NO
IC NO RT
NORT
N O R TH
N O R TH
N O R TH
RT H
RT H
H
H
111/2° 121/2° 13 /2° 14° 14 /2°

1 1
12° 13°
MAG
MAGN
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
N E T IC
N E T IC
NET
NET
NET
N E T IC
E T IC
IC N
IC N
IC N
NORT
NORT
NOR
NOR
OR
OR
ORT
TH
TH
TH
TH
H
H
H
15° 151/2° 16° 161/2° 17° 17 /2°

1
18°
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
MAG
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
NET
NET
NET
NET
NET
NET
NET
IC N
IC N
IC N
IC
IC N
IC
IC
NOR
NOR
NOR
ORT
OR
ORT
OR
TH
TH
TH
TH
TH
H
18 /2° 19° 19 /2° 20° 20 /2° 21° 21 /2°

1 1 1 1
MA
MA
MA
MA
TRUE NORTH
MA
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
MA
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
MA
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
GN
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
E T IC
ET
IC
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
RT
RTH
RTH
RTH
RTH
RT
RT
H
22° 22 /2°
1
TRUE NORTH
TRUE NORTH
MA
MA
GN
GN
ET
ET
IC
IC
NO
NO
RT
RT
H
APPROXIMATE MEAN APPROXIMATE MEAN

DECLINATION, 1999 DECLINATION, 1999
A–36–3
37—QUADRANGLE LOCATION MAPS

CARTOGRAPHIC SPECIFICATIONS NOTES ON USAGE
Location maps are at various scales; projection is Albers Equal-Area,
based on parallels 29 1/2° and 45 1/2°.
all lineweights .125 mm H-4.5
Maps are modified from the United States Base Map (U.S. Geological Sur-
KAUAI
vey, 1965, scale 1:3,168,000) and the Digital Shaded-Relief Image of Alas-
OAHU maximum map height ka (J.R. Riehle and others, 1997, U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous In-
approximately 20 mm vestigations Map I-2585, scale 1:2,500,000; see fig. 2, approximate scale
1:8,000,000).
HAWAII To show a quadrangle or map area location, place a small black-filled rec-
HAWAII tangle ( ) to show actual size and location within state. Adjust shape ac-
H-6
cordingly.
MAP LOCATION If a quadrangle or map area is in two or more states, show all states. Cre-
ate a new location map that shows all states at the same scale (extract
from location map of 48 conterminous states, Section 37.2). Resize new lo-
cation map so that its height is approximately 20 mm.
37.1—Individual states; District of Columbia; Guam; Puerto Rico; U.S. Virgin Islands
ALASKA
ALABAMA ARIZONA ARKANSAS
MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION
DISTRICT
CONNECTICUT OF
CALIF. COLORADO COLUMBIA
DEL.
MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION
KAUAI
OAHU
GUAM
FLORIDA
GEORGIA
HAWAII
HAWAII IDAHO
ILLINOIS INDIANA
IOWA
KANSAS KENTUCKY
MASSACHUSETTS
MAINE
MICHIGAN
LOUISIANA MARYLAND
A–37–1
37—QUADRANGLE LOCATION MAPS (continued)

37.1—Individual states; District of Columbia; Guam; Puerto Rico; U.S. Virgin Islands (continued)
MINNESOTA
MISS.
MISSOURI
MONTANA
NEBRASKA
NEVADA
N.J. NEW MEXICO
NEW YORK
N.H.
NORTH OHIO
NORTH DAKOTA OKLAHOMA OREGON
CAROLINA
RHODE SOUTH
PENNSYLVANIA ISLAND
PUERTO CAROLINA
SOUTH DAKOTA
RICO
MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION
MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION MAP LOCATION
ST. JOHN
VERMONT
ST. THOMAS
TEXAS
U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS UTAH
TENNESSEE
ST. CROIX
WISCONSIN
WASHINGTON W. VA. WYOMING
VIRGINIA
A–37–2
37—QUADRANGLE LOCATION MAPS (continued)

37.2—Conterminous states
0 50 100 200 300 400 500 MILES
0 50100 200 300 400 500 KILOMETERS
A–37–3
38—GEOLOGIC AGE SYMBOL FONT (StratagemAge)

REF NO STRATIGRAPHIC AGE SUBDIVISION TYPE AGE SYMBOL KEYBOARD POSITION FOR StratagemAge FONT
38.1 Archean Eon A Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.2 Cambrian Period _ (underscore = shift-hyphen)
38.3 Carboniferous Period C Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.4 Cenozoic Era { (left curly bracket = shift-left square bracket)
38.5 Cretaceous Period K Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.6 Devonian Period D Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.7 Early Archean (3,800(?)–3,400 Ma) Era U Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.8 Early Early Proterozoic (2,500–2,100 Ma) Era R (capital R = shift-r)
38.9 Early Middle Proterozoic (1,600–1,400 Ma) Era G (capital G = shift-g)
38.10 Early Proterozoic Era X Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.11 Eocene Epoch # (pound sign = shift-3)
38.12 Holocene Epoch H Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.13 Jurassic Period J Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.14 Late Archean (3,000–2,500 Ma) Era W Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.15 Late Early Proterozoic (1,800–1,600 Ma) Era I (capital I = shift-i)
38.16 Late Middle Proterozoic (1,200–900 Ma) Era E (capital E = shift-e)
38.17 Late Proterozoic Era Z Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.18 Mesozoic Era } (right curly bracket = shift-right square bracket)
38.19 Middle Archean (3,400–3,000 Ma) Era V Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.20 Middle Early Proterozoic (2,100–1,800 Ma) Era L (capital L = shift-l)
38.21 Middle Middle Proterozoic (1,400–1,200 Ma) Era

F (capital F = shift-f)
38.22 Middle Proterozoic Era Y Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
A–38–1
38—GEOLOGIC AGE SYMBOL FONT (StratagemAge) (continued)

REF NO STRATIGRAPHIC AGE SUBDIVISION TYPE AGE SYMBOL KEYBOARD POSITION FOR StratagemAge FONT
38.23 Miocene Epoch ! (exclamation point = shift-1)
38.24 Mississippian Period M Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.25 Neogene Subperiod N Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.26 Oligocene Epoch @ ("at" sign = shift-2)
38.27 Ordovician Period O Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.28 Paleocene Epoch $ (dollar sign = shift-4)
38.29 Paleogene Subperiod / (slash)
38.30 Paleozoic Era | (vertical line = shift-backslash)
38.31 Pennsylvanian Period & (ampersand = shift-7)
38.32 Permian Period P Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.33 Phanerozoic Eon : (colon = shift-semicolon)
38.34 Pleistocene Epoch ` (accent grave)
38.35 Pliocene Epoch ~ (tilde = shift-accent grave)
38.36 pre-Archean (>3,800(?) Ma) Eon

> ("greater than" sign = shift-period)
38.37 Precambrian Era = (equal sign)
38.38 Proterozoic Eon < ("less than" sign = shift-comma)
38.39 Quaternary Period Q Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.40 Silurian Period S Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.41 Tertiary Period T Not applicable (use Helvetica instead)
38.42 Triassic Period ^ (caret = shift-6)
A–38–2
CMYK Color Chart
[CMYK (K = 0) value below color box; lookup table symbol number in upper left-hand corner of color box]
13% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW 20% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW 50% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW 60% CYAN, MAGENTA, AND YELLOW
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709
100 1A0 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 1X0 200 2A0 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 2X0 500 5A0 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 5X0 600 6A0 610 620 630 640 650 660 670 6X0
210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719
10A 1AA 11A 12A 13A 14A 15A 16A 17A 1XA 20A 2AA 21A 22A 23A 24A 25A 26A 27A 2XA 50A 5AA 51A 52A 53A 54A 55A 56A 57A 5XA 60A 6AA 61A 62A 63A 64A 65A 66A 67A 6XA
220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729
101 1A1 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 1X1 201 2A1 211 221 231 241 251 261 271 2X1 501 5A1 511 521 531 541 551 561 571 5X1 601 6A1 611 621 631 641 651 661 671 6X1
230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739
102 1A2 112 122 132 142 152 162 172 1X2 202 2A2 212 222 232 242 252 262 272 2X2 502 5A2 512 522 532 542 552 562 572 5X2 602 6A2 612 622 632 642 652 662 672 6X2
240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749
103 1A3 113 123 133 143 153 163 173 1X3 203 2A3 213 223 233 243 253 263 273 2X3 503 5A3 513 523 533 543 553 563 573 5X3 603 6A3 613 623 633 643 653 663 673 6X3
250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759
104 1A4 114 124 134 144 154 164 174 1X4 204 2A4 214 224 234 244 254 264 274 2X4 504 5A4 514 524 534 544 554 564 574 5X4 604 6A4 614 624 634 644 654 664 674 6X4
260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769
105 1A5 115 125 135 145 155 165 175 1X5 205 2A5 215 225 235 245 255 265 275 2X5 505 5A5 515 525 535 545 555 565 575 5X5 605 6A5 615 625 635 645 655 665 675 6X5
270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779
106 1A6 116 126 136 146 156 166 176 1X6 206 2A6 216 226 236 246 256 266 276 2X6 506 5A6 516 526 536 546 556 566 576 5X6 606 6A6 616 626 636 646 656 666 676 6X6
280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789
107 1A7 117 127 137 147 157 167 177 1X7 207 2A7 217 227 237 247 257 267 277 2X7 507 5A7 517 527 537 547 557 567 577 5X7 607 6A7 617 627 637 647 657 667 677 6X7
290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799
10X 1AX 11X 12X 13X 14X 15X 16X 17X 1XX 20X 2AX 21X 22X 23X 24X 25X 26X 27X 2XX 50X 5AX 51X 52X 53X 54X 55X 56X 57X 5XX 60X 6AX 61X 62X 63X 64X 65X 66X 67X 6XX
8% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW 30% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW 40% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW 70% CYAN, MAGENTA, AND YELLOW
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809
A00 AA0 A10 A20 A30 A40 A50 A60 A70 AX0 300 3A0 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 3X0 400 4A0 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 4X0 700 7A0 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 7X0
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819
A0A AAA A1A A2A A3A A4A A5A A6A A7A AXA 30A 3AA 31A 32A 33A 34A 35A 36A 37A 3XA 40A 4AA 41A 42A 43A 44A 45A 46A 47A 4XA 70A 7AA 71A 72A 73A 74A 75A 76A 77A 7XA
120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829
130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839
140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849
150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859
160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869
170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879
180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889
190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899
A0X AAX A1X A2X A3X A4X A5X A6X A7X AXX 30X 3AX 31X 32X 33X 34X 35X 36X 37X 3XX 40X 4AX 41X 42X 43X 44X 45X 46X 47X 4XX 70X 7AX 71X 72X 73X 74X 75X 76X 77X 7XX
MAGENTA AND YELLOW CYAN AND YELLOW CYAN AND MAGENTA 100% CYAN WITH MAGENTA AND YELLOW
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
CMYK values (K = 0): A = 8%, 1 = 13%, 2 = 20%, 3 = 30%, 4 = 40%, 5 = 50%, 6 = 60%, 7 = 70%, X = 100%
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909
000 0A0 010 020 030 040 050 060 070 0X0 000 A00 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 X00 000 0A0 010 020 030 040 050 060 070 0X0 X00 XA0 X10 X20 X30 X40 X50 X60 X70 XX0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 110 210 310 410 510 610 710 810 910 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919
00A 0AA 01A 02A 03A 04A 05A 06A 07A 0XA 00A A0A 10A 20A 30A 40A 50A 60A 70A X0A A00 AA0 A10 A20 A30 A40 A50 A60 A70 AX0 X0A XAA X1A X2A X3A X4A X5A X6A X7A XXA
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 20 120 220 320 420 520 620 720 820 920 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929
30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 30 130 230 330 430 530 630 730 830 930 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 40 140 240 340 440 540 640 740 840 940 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949
50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 50 150 250 350 450 550 650 750 850 950 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 60 160 260 360 460 560 660 760 860 960 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969
70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 70 170 270 370 470 570 670 770 870 970 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979
80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 80 180 280 380 480 580 680 780 880 980 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 90 190 290 390 490 590 690 790 890 990 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999
00X 0AX 01X 02X 03X 04X 05X 06X 07X 0XX 00X A0X 10X 20X 30X 40X 50X 60X 70X X0X X00 XA0 X10 X20 X30 X40 X50 X60 X70 XX0 X0X XAX X1X X2X X3X X4X X5X X6X X7X XXX
Pattern Chart
[Pattern number below pattern box; lookup table symbol number in upper left-hand corner of color box]
SURFICIAL PATTERNS (Series 100) SEDIMENTARY PATTERNS (Series 200)
101 102 103 104 126 127 128 129 152 153 154 155 156 201 202 203 204 225 226 227 228 250 251 252 253
101-K 101-C 101-M 101-DO 114-K 114-C 114-M 114-DO 121-K 121-C 121-M 121-R 121-DO 201-K 201-C 201-M 201-DO 215-K 215-C 215-M 215-DO 228-K 228-C 228-M 228-DO
105 106 107 108 109 130 131 132 133 157 158 159 160 205 206 207 208 229 230 231 232 254 255 256 257 258
102-K 102-C 102-M 102-R 102-DO 116-K 116-C 116-M 116-DO 122-K 122-C 122-M 122-DO 202-K 202-C 202-M 202-DO 216-K 216-C 216-M 216-DO 229-K 229-C 229-M 229-R 229-DO
110 111 112 113 134 135 136 137 138 161 162 163 164 209 210 211 212 233 234 235 236 259 260 261 262
103-K 103-C 103-M 103-DO 117-K 117-C 117-M 117-R 117-DO 123-K 123-C 123-M 123-DO 204-K 204-C 204-M 204-DO 217-K 217-C 217-M 217-DO 230-K 230-C 230-M 230-DO
114 115 116 117 139 140 141 142 165 166 167 168 213 214 215 216 237 238 239 240 263 264 265 266
104-K 104-C 104-M 104-DO 118-K 118-C 118-M 118-DO 124-K 124-C 124-M 124-DO 206-K 206-C 206-M 206-DO 218-K 218-C 218-M 218-DO 231-K 231-C 231-M 231-DO
118 119 120 121 143 144 145 146 147 169 170 171 172 217 218 219 220 241 242 243 244
105-K 105-C 105-M 105-DO 119-K 119-C 119-M 119-R 119-DO 132-K 132-C 132-M 132-DO 207-K 207-C 207-M 207-DO 219-K 219-C 219-M 219-DO
122 123 124 125 148 149 150 151 173 174 175 176 177 221 222 223 224 245 246 247 248 249
106-K 106-C 106-M 106-DO 120-K 120-C 120-M 120-DO 134-K 134-C 134-M 134-R 134-DO 214-K 214-C 214-M 214-DO 226-K 226-C 226-M 226-R 226-DO
IGNEOUS PATTERNS (Series 300) MISCELLANEOUS AND METAMORPHIC PATTERNS (Series 400)
301 302 303 304 325 326 327 328 349 350 351 352 401 402 403 404 439 440 441 442 465
301-K 301-C 301-M 301-DO 313-K 313-C 313-M 313-DO 319-K 319-C 319-M 319-DO 401-K 401-C 401-M 401-DO 417-K 417-C 417-M 417-DO 426
305 306 307 308 329 330 331 332 353 354 355 356 405 406 407 408 443 444 445 446 466 467
302-K 302-C 302-M 302-DO 314-K 314-C 314-M 314-DO 327-K 327-C 327-M 327-DO 402-K 402-C 402-M 402-DO 418-K 418-C 418-M 418-DO 427-K 427-R
309 310 311 312 333 334 335 336 357 358 359 360 361 409 410 411 412 447 448 449 450 468 469 470 471 472
303-K 303-C 303-M 303-DO 315-K 315-C 315-M 315-DO 328-K 328-C 328-M 328-R 328-DO 403-K 403-C 403-M 403-DO 419-K 419-C 419-M 419-DO 428-K 428-C 428-M 428-R 428-DO
313 314 315 316 337 338 339 340 362 363 364 365 413 414 415 416 417 451 452 473 474 475 476 477
304-K 304-C 304-M 304-DO 316-K 316-C 316-M 316-DO 330-K 330-C 330-M 330-DO 405-K 405-C 405-M 405-R 405-DO 420-K 420-C 429-K 429-C 429-M 429-R 429-DO
317 318 319 320 341 342 343 344 366 367 368 369 418 419 420 421 422 453 454 455 478 479 480 481
305-K 305-C 305-M 305-DO 317-K 317-C 317-M 317-DO 331-K 331-C 331-M 331-DO 406-K 406-C 406-M 406-R 406-DO 421-K 421-C 421-B 430-K 430-C 430-M 430-DO
321 322 323 324 345 346 347 348 423 424 425 426 456 457 458 482 483 484 485
306-K 306-C 306-M 306-DO 318-K 318-C 318-M 318-DO 411-K 411-C 411-M 411-DO 422-K 422-C 422-B 431-K 431-C 431-M 431-DO
427 428 429 430 459 460 486 487 488 489
412-K 412-C 412-M 412-DO 423-K 423-C 432-K 432-C 432-M 432-DO
431 432 433 434 461 462 490 491 492 493
415-K 415-C 415-M 415-DO 425-K 425-C 433-K 433-C 433-M 433-DO
435 436 437 438 463 464
416-K 416-C 416-M 416-DO 424-K 424-C
GLACIAL AND PERIGLACIAL SEDIMENTARY LITHOLOGY PATTERNS (Series 600) METAMORPHIC, IGNEOUS, AND VEIN-MATTER LITHOLOGY PATTERNS (Series 700)
PATTERNS (Series 500)
601 602 603 604 605 606 607 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 Metamorphic lithology patterns (701–710)
Glacial patterns (501–502)
701 702 703 704 705 706
501 502
601 602 603 604 605 606 607 643 644 645 646 647 648 649
Gravel or Gravel or Crossbedded gravel Till or diamicton Breccia 1 Breccia 2 Massive sand or Crossbedded Oolitic dolomite Sandy dolomite Silty dolomite Argillaceous Cherty dolomite Bedded chert 1
conglomerate 1 conglomerate 2 or conglomerate sandstone dolomite or shaly dolomite
701 702 703 704 705 706
Metamorphism Quartzite Slate Schistose or Schist Contorted schist
gneissoid granite
608 609 610 611 612 613 614 650 651 652 653 654 655 656
501-K 501-C
503 504 707 708 709 710
608 609 610 611 612 613 614 650 651 652 653 654 655 656
Bedded sand Crossbedded sand Crossbedded sand Ripple-bedded sand Argillaceous or Calcareous Dolomitic Bedded chert 2 Fossiliferous Fossiliferous rock Diatomaceous Subgraywacke Crossbedded Ripple-bedded
or sandstone or sandstone 1 or sandstone 2 or sandstone shaly sandstone sandstone sandstone bedded chert rock subgraywacke subgraywacke
707 708 709 710
Schist and gneiss Gneiss Contorted gneiss Soapstone, talc,
502-K 502-C or serpentinite
615 616 617 618 619 620 621 657 658 659 660 661 662 663
Igneous and vein-matter lithology patterns (711–33)
Periglacial patterns (503–507)
711 712 713 714 715 716
615 616 617 618 619 620 621 657 658 659 660 661 662 663
511 512
Loess Silt, siltstone, Calcareous Dolomitic Sandy or silty Clay or clay Cherty shale Peat Coal Bony coal or Underclay Flint clay Bentonite Glauconite
or silty shale siltstone siltstone shale shale impure coal
711 712 713 714 715 716

622 623 624 625 626 627 628 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 Tuffaceous rock Crystal tuff Devitrified Volcanic breccia Volcanic breccia Zeolitic rock
tuff and tuff or agglomerate
503-K 503-C
513 514 717 718 719 720 721 722

622 623 624 625 626 627 628 664 665 666 667 668 669 670
Dolomitic shale Calcareous shale Carbonaceous Oil shale Chalk Limestone Clastic Limonite Siderite Phosphatic rock Gypsum Salt Interbedded Interbedded
or marl shale limestone sandstone and sandstone and
siltstone shale
717 718 719 720 721 722
671 672 673 674 675 676 677 Basaltic flows Granite 1 Granite 2 Banded Igneous rock 1 Igneous rock 2
629 630 631 632 633 634 635
504-K 504-C igneous rock
515 516
723 724 725 726 727 728
629 630 631 632 633 634 635 671 672 673 674 675 676 677
Fossiliferous clastic Nodular or irregularly Limestone, irregular Crossbedded Cherty crossbedded Cherty and sandy Oolitic Interbedded ripple- Interbedded shale Interbedded shale Interbedded shale Interbedded calc- Interbedded Interbedded
limestone bedded limestone (burrow?) fillings of limestone limestone crossbedded limestone bedded sandstone and silty limestone and limestone and limestone areous shale and silty limestone limestone and
saccharoidal dolomite clastic limestone and shale (shale dominant) (shale dominant) 1 (shale dominant) 2 limestone (shale and shale shale 1
dominant) 723 724 725 726 727 728
505-K 505-C Igneous rock 3 Igneous rock 4 Igneous rock 5 Igneous rock 6 Igneous rock 7 Igneous rock 8
636 637 638 639 640 641 642 678 679 680
517 518
729 730 731 732 733

636 637 638 639 640 641 642 678 679 680
Sandy limestone Silty limestone Argillaceous or Cherty limestone 1 Cherty limestone 2 Dolomitic limestone Dolomite Interbedded Interbedded Interbedded
shaly limestone or limy dolomite limestone and limestone and shale limestone and
shale 2 (limestone dominant) calcareous shale
506-K 506-C
729 730 731 732 733
Porphyritic rock 1 Porphyritic rock 2 Vitrophyre Quartz Ore
519 520
507-K 507-C
Public Review Draft - Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization PostScript Implementation
CUSTOM COLOR PALETTE
SUGGESTED STRATIGRAPHIC-AGE
MAP-UNIT COLORS
ABOUT THIS CUSTOM COLOR PALETTE
As an easy way to assign color to geologic map units, custom color palettes have been designed
to replicate the colors shown on the chart showing Suggested Stratigraphic-Age and Volcanic
Map-Unit Colors (Section 33). The CMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow, with K = 0) color combinations
shown on this chart have been used for many years on geologic maps published by the U.S.
Geological Survey.
This particular palette contains custom colors that replicate the "Stratigraphic-Age Map-Unit
Colors" set of colors on the chart showing Suggested Stratigraphic-Age and Volcanic Map-Unit
Colors.
The custom colors replicate colors that consist of varying amounts of cyan, magenta, and yellow
ink. The amount of each ink color is indicated by the three-character code in each custom color
name (A=8%, 1=13%, 2=20%, 3=30%, 4=40%, 5=50%, 6=60%, 7=70%, X=100%). The name of
the stratigraphic-age subdivision is also given in the color name. Thus, a custom color named
"02Tertiary3_CMY.A4X" would be used for a Tertiary map unit, and this particular custom color
would replicate the color that is made up of 8% cyan, 40% magenta, and 100% yellow (the
numbers shown before and after the age name have been added for sorting purposes only).
The custom color palettes were created in Adobe Illustrator 8.0.1 on a Macintosh and saved in
Illustrator EPS format. Note that some colors can only be distinguished from one another on
monitors that can display 16.7 million colors.
ABOUT CUSTOM COLORS
Please be aware that it is necessary technically to design custom colors as non-CMYK, single-
ink spot colors. In order for them to print as true process-color (CMYK) inks, the custom colors
must be converted to CMYK before separation. To change a selected polygon's color to CMYK,
click on the CMYK button in your document's Color window. Note that this process is irreversible;
however, the original custom color will still be available for selection in your document's
Swatches window.
TO USE THIS CUSTOM COLOR PALETTE
To access colors from this custom color palette, first close this file. Then, choose "Window >
Swatch Libraries > Other Library..."; a selection dialog box will open. Choose the custom color
palette that you are interested in; it will open as a separate swatch pallete window. To view the
custom colors by name, choose the "Name" option in the swatch palette window's option menu.
INTERNATIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC CHART
UN ESC O
EONOTHEM
Commission de la Carte Geologique
du Monde
Commission on the Geological Map
of the World
International Union of Geological Sciences
Compiled by Jurgen Remane, Chairman of the International Commission of Stratigraphy (ICS) with the collaboration of all ICS Subcommissions, A. FAURE-MURET (Université Paris Sud) and G.S. ODIN (ICS-CNRS)
Edited by an intercommission working group with J:REMANE, M.B. CITA (IUGS-ICS); J. DERCOURT, P.BOUYSSE (CGMW);F. REPETTO (Unesco) and A. FAURET- MURET (UPS)
Composition : G. ROCHE and L. DAUMAS (CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Orsay) International Commission on Stratigraphy
ICS
EONOTHEM
EONOTHEM
Subcommissions
NOTATION
NOTATION
or other sources
ERATHEM
NOTATION
ERATHEM
ERATHEM
NOTATION
NOTATION
Vol. #54 (1995)
Eras and Periods)

NOTATION
NOTATION
NOTATION
Quaternary SYSTEM
SEPM Spec.
SYSTEM
PERIOD
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
PERIOD
PERIOD
(Defines these
SERIES
EPOCH
SYSTEM
STAGE
SERIES
EPOCH
SYSTEM
SERIES
STAGE
AGE
AGE
STAGE
SERIES
STAGE
AGE
EON
AGE
ERA
EON
AGE
EON
ERA
ERA
ERA
Ma +/- Ma +/-
251.4 3.6 540
Changhsingian p9 NP3
HOLOCENE Q2 LOPINGIAN 253.4 P3
NEOPROTEROZOIC III
650 GSSA
0.01 Q Wuchiapingian p8
NEOPROTEROZOIC CRYOGENIAN NP2 NP
PLEISTOCENE Q1 p7 850 GSSA
Calabrian Capitanian TONIAN NP1
PROTEROZOIC PR
1.81 GSSP 265 GSSP
PERMIAN
GSSP
Gelasian n9 GUADALUPIAN Wordian p6 P2 1000 GSSA
2.58 GSSP
GSSP
PLIOCENE Piacenzian n8 N2 GSSP STENIAN MP3
3.60 GSSP
GSSP Roadian p5 P 1200 GSSA
Zanclean n7
NEOGENE
P R E C A M B R I A N PC
GSSP
MESOPROTEROZOIC ECTASIAN MP2 MP
CZ
5.32 GSSP
Messinian n6 Kungurian p4 1400 GSSA
7.12 GSSP
Tortonian n5 N Artinskian p3 CALYMMIAN MP1
11.2 GSSA
n4 CISURALIAN 283 P1 1600
CENOZOIC
Serravallian PP4
MIOCENE 14.8 N1 Sakmarian p2 STATHERIAN
Langhian n3 1800 GSSA
Burdigalian
16.4
n2 Asselian p1 OROSIRIAN PP3
20.5 GSSP
Aquitanian n1 Gzhelian
292
c7 PALEOPROTEROZOIC 2050 GSSA PP
23.8 GSSP
GSSP
e9 RHYACIAN PP2
CARBONIFEROUS
Chattian c6 2300
OLIGOCENE 28.5
e8 E3 Kazimovian GSSA
Rupelian PENNSYLVANIAN C2 SIDERIAN PP1
c5
PALEOGENE
33.7 GSSP
Priabonian
37.0
e7 Moscovian 2500 GSSA
Bartonian e6 Bashkirian c4 C NA
EOCENE
Lutetian
41.3
e5 E2 E GSSP
NEOARCHEAN
320
49.0
e4 Serpukhovian c3 2800
Ypresian
ARCHEAN AR
55.0 327
Thanetian e3 MISSISSIPPIAN Visean c2 C1 MESOARCHEAN MA
PH
57.9
PH
PALEOCENE Selandian e2 E1 342 3.6
No subdivision
61.0 Tournaisian c1 3200
Danian e1 GSSP
65.5 0.1 GSSP 354 4
PALEOZOIC PZ
Maastrichtian k6 Famennian d7 PALEOARCHEAN into periods PA
71.3 0.5
Campanian
GSSP
k5 UPPER/LATE 364 GSSP D3
PH A NE R OZOI C
83.5 0.5 Frasnian d6 3600

k4
PH A NE R OZOI C
Santonian K2 370 GSSP
DEVONIAN
UPPER/LATE 85.8 0.5
d5
CRETACEOUS
Coniacian k3 Givetian EOARCHEAN EA

Turonian
89.0 0.5
k2 MIDDLE 380 GSSP D2
93.5 0.2 Eifelian d4 D
Cenomanian k1 K 391 G GSSP
98.9 0.6 GSSP d3 This 2000 edition of the International Stratigraphic Chart is intended to give a clear picture of the present
Albian b6 Emsian state of the art in chronostratigraphic subdivisions of geological time, mentionning only units recommended for
112.2 1.1 400 GSSP
Aptian b5 LOWER/EARLY Pragian G d2 D1 international use. A typographical distinction is made between formal, semiformal and informal units.
121.0 1.4 GSSP The 1986 Guidelines of ICS (COWIE et al, 1986)and their recent revision (REMANE et al, 1996) regulate
412
LOWER/EARLY
Barremian b4 K1 d1 the definition of the international chronostratigraphic/geochronologic units. The Revised Guidelines were voted
127.0 1.6 Lochkovian
Hauterivian b3 417 GSSP by the full commission of ICS as a mandatory document. Both versions of the guidelines stipulate that global
132.0 1.9
Valanginian b2 PRIDOLI G s8 S4 chronostratigraphic units are not defined by unit-stratotypes, but their lower boundary only, following the
MESOZOIC MZ
136.5 2.2 419 GSSP principle introduced with the definition of the base of the Devonian in 1972 (MARTINSSON, 1977). This is
Berriasian b1 Ludfordian s7 indeed the only way to arrive at a global chronostratigraphic scale made of strictly contiguous units.
142.0 2.6
j7 LUDLOW GSSP S3 Phanerozoic global chronostratigraphic boundaries are formally defined by a Global Standard Stratotype
Tithonian Gorstian s6
SILURIAN
150.7 3.0 Section and Point (GSSP - COWIE et al, 1986), whereas Precambrian chronostratigraphic boundaries are
UPPER/LATE Kimmeridgian j6 J3 423 GSSP
s4
154.1 3.3 Homerian formally defined in terms of absolute ages : Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (GSSA- REMANE et al, 1996).
Oxfordian j5 WENLOCK GSSP S2 S In order to to become mandatory, a boundary definition as to be accepted by 60% majority in successive votes,
159.4 3.6 Sheinwoodian s5
Callovian j4 first by the working group responsible for the choice of the GSSP, then by the concerned Subcommission of
JURASSIC
428 GSSP
164.4 3.8
Bathonian j3 Telychian s3 ICS and finally by the Full Commission of ICS. With its ratification through IUGS, the GSSP or GSSA
G
MIDDLE 169.2 4.0 J2 GSSP becomes mandatory.
Bajocian j2 LLANDOVERY Aeronian s2 S1 FORMAL UNITS (in bold characters) are all the those which have their lower boundary defined by a GSSP
176.5 4.0 GSSP J GSSP
Aalenian j1 s1
or GSSA voted by ICS in accordance with the Guidelines and ratified by IUGS. Proposed GSSPs (in bold italic)
180.1 4.0 GSSP Rhuddanian are pending ratification. SEMIFORMAL UNITS (normal characters): Several Subcommissions of ICS
Toarcian 189.6 4.0
l4 440 GSSP (Neogene, Paleogene, Jurassic, Triassic, Permian) have conducted a formal vote by postal ballot about the stage
Pliensbachian l3 "sixth stage"
O3 names which should be used and codified by a GSSP. But as long as no GSSP has been formally adopted, these
ORDOVICIAN
LOWER/EARLY 195.3 3.9 J1 UPPER/LATE

Sinemurian l2 "fifth stage" units, recommendable as they are, have no formal status. INFORMAL UNITS (in italics) are not formally
201.9 3.9 GSSP GSSP adopted by the Subcommissions.
Hettangian l1 Darriwilian O The subdivisions used in the present Global Chart, are based on the proposals made by the concerned
205.1 4.0 MIDDLE 467.5 3 GSSP O2
Rhaetian t7 "third stage" Subcommissions. Simplified subdivisions have, however been adopted for the Carboniferous and the
209.6 4.1 Ordovician, in order to maintain the necessary homogeneity of presentation. The complete versions were
UPPER/LATE Norian t6 T3
TRIASSIC
220.7 4.4 "second stage" included in the detailed explanatory note. Also some traditional names which are becoming obsolete have been
Carnian t5 LOWER/EARLY GSSP O1 omitted : Lias, Dogger, Malm in the Jurassic and Tertiary in the Cenozoic (the latter already abandoned in the
227.4 4.5 Tremadocian first edition of this chart). "Tertiary" can be used as an informal name like Permotrias.
Ladinian t4 T 495 GSSP
MIDDLE 234.3 4.6 T2 C3 Numerical ages of the Phanerozoic chronostratigraphic boundaries were provided by Subcommission
CAMBRIAN
Anisian t3 UPPER/LATE
241.7 4.7 500 summaries, compilation in Episodes (1997) by Gradstein & Ogg, or other sources, and are subject to revision.
Olenekian t2 MIDDLE C2 C The letter/number symbols used for divisions down to stage/age rank and the colours of the individual units
LOWER/EARLY 244.8 4.8 T1 520 are established by the CGMW, taking as a basis its Geological Atlas of the World. This chart is updated
Induan
GSSP
t1 LOWER/EARLY C1 periodically during its general assemblies occuring within the International Geological Congress and upon
250 4.8 545 GSSP
ratification of GSSPs by IUGS.
Status of GSSPs in January 2002 (updated by James Ogg)
Color code according to the United States
Geological Survey
Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene
RGB255/255/77 RGB255/255/179 RGB255/235/98
Cenozoic
Neogene Pliocene Miocene
255/255/0 RGB253/204/138 RGB254/235/172 RGB255/22/0
Paleogene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene

RGB255/179/0 RGB234/198/114 RGB234/173/67 RGB235/147/1
Cretaceous Upper Cretaceous Lower Cretaceous

RGB127/195/28 RGB22/241/151 RGB179/223/127
Mesozoic
RGB127/173/81 Jurassic Upper Jurassic Middle Jurassic Lower Jurassic
RGB77/180/126 RGB204/235/197 RGB127/202/147 RGB102/192/146
Triassic Upper Triassic Middle Triassic Lower Triassic

RGB103/195/183 RGB204/236/225 RGB153/215/190 RGB103/179/159
Phanerozoic
179/226/209
Permian Lopingian Guadalupian Cisuralian
RGB103/198/221 RGB179/227/238 RGB153/216/216 RGB128/206/201
Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Mississippian

RGB153/189/218 RGB104/159/202 RGB128/145/173
Devonian Upper Devonian Middle Devonian Lower Devonian

Paleozoic RGB153/153/201 RGB153/131/190 RGB128/125/186
RGB203/189/220
RGB128/181/213
Silurian Pridoli Ludlow Wenlock Llandovery

RGB177/114/182 RGB233/199/226 RGB202/167/209 RGB177/137/179 RGB152/88/168
Ordovician Upper Ordovician Middle Ordovician Lower Ordovician

RGB249/129/166 RGB251/180/189 RGB250/154/177 RGB230/125/164
Cambrian Upper Cambrian Middle Cambrian Lower Cambrian

RGB251/128/95 RGB253/205/184 RGB232/174/151 RGB231/124/114
NeoproterozoicIII
RGB234/216/188
Neoproterozoic Cryogenian
RGB202/165/149 RGB220/171/170
Proterozoic Tonian
RGB204/216/145 RGB203/164/108
Mesoproterozoic
RGB221/194/136 Explanation:
Precambrian The color code is in RGB code.
RGB178/134/83 Paleoproterozoic For example Devonian RGB153/189/218 represents Devonian with the color mix of 153 Red,
RGB179/178/94 189 Green, and 218 Blue.
Neoarchaen
RGB203/205/200
Mesoarchaen
Archaen RGB221/194/136
RGB153/173/172
Paleoarchaen
RGB153/151/145
Eoarchaen
RGB128/144/144
Color code according to the COMMISSION DE LA CARTE
GEOLOGIQUE DU MONDE (CCGM), {Commission for the
Geological Map of the World (CGMW)}, Paris, France.
Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene
Q-254/230/146 Q2-255/251/240 Q1-255/247/176
Cenozoic
Neogene Pliocene Miocene
CZ-250/253/1 N-255/232/0 N2-255/255/153 N1-255/255/0
Paleogene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene

E-253/154/82 E3-254/224/144 E2-254/209/59 E1-235/192/109
Cretaceous Upper Cretaceous Lower Cretaceous

K-197/229/71 K2-226/243/152 K1-65/170/84
Mesozoic
MZ-103/197/202 Jurassic Upper Jurassic Middle Jurassic Lower Jurassic
J-226/244/224 J3-179/226/230 J2-179/215/232 J1-0/160/198
Triassic Upper Triassic Middle Triassic Lower Triassic

T-107/1/125 T3-228/197/225 T2-177/137/193 T1-152/57/153
Phanerozoic
PH-154/217/229
Permian Lopingian Guadalupian Cisuralian
P-240/64/40 P3-250/154/163 P2-240/150/82 P1-202/60/64
Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Mississippian

C-103/171/160 C2-153/196/181 C1-103/148/109
Devonian Upper Devonian Middle Devonian Lower Devonian

Paleozoic D-203/140/55 D3-204/206/169 D2-153/165/109 D1-153/148/73
PZ-153/192/141
Silurian Pridoli Ludlow Wenlock Llandovery

S-179/226/208 S4-245/251/240 S3-226/244/224 S2-197/232/195 S1-153/215/179
Ordovician Upper Ordovician Middle Ordovician Lower Ordovician

O-0/146/112 O3-102/192/146 O2-65/156/104 O1-1/128/85
Cambrian Upper Cambrian Middle Cambrian Lower Cambrian

Ca-64/133/33 Ca3-215/211/170 Ca2-182/174/109 Ca1-102/169/75
Explanation:
Neoproterozoic
The color code is in RGB code.
NP-254/179/67 For example D-203/140/55 represents Devonian with the
color mix of 203 Red, 140 Green, and 55 Blue.
Proterozoic
PR-251/154/148
Mesoproterozoic
MP-253/180/105
Precambrian
PC-247/67/112 Paleoproterozoic
PP-247/67/115
Neoarchaen
NA-249/155/197
Mesoarchaen
Archaen MA-234/102177
AR-240/2/127
Paleoarchaen
PA-244/68/159
Eoarchaen
EA-218/2/127

USG Based Simbology,.... Cartografiado English

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Descrição original:

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

USG Based Simbology,.... Cartografiado English

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Federal Geographic Data Committee U.S.

Geological Survey Open-File Report 99–430

1—CONTACTS, KEY BEDS, AND DIKES

1.1.6 Contact—Concealed H-8

15 15 HI-6 Place symbol ornamen-

1—CONTACTS, KEY BEDS, AND DIKES (continued)

1.2.4 Key bed—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

1.2.6 Key bed—Concealed

HI-8 Labels refer to individu-

lineweight .3 mm Use when coal bed is

.375 mm 90o Tops of V's follow trace

1—CONTACTS, KEY BEDS, AND DIKES (continued)

1.2.28 Clay bed—Concealed

1—CONTACTS, KEY BEDS, AND DIKES (continued)

2.1.6 Fault—Concealed H-8

Place symbol ornamen-

HI-6 tick lineweight Use to show minor

lineweight .375 mm arrow Arrows show relative

2.4.11 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Inferred

2.4.13 Thrust fault, 2nd generation—Concealed .5 mm H-8

2.4.18 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

2.4.20 Thrust fault, 3rd generation—Concealed .5 mm H-8

2.5.11 Overturned thrust fault, 2nd generation—Inferred

1.75 mm 60° lineweight .375 mm Bars on upper (tectoni-

2.5.18 Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation—Inferred 1.5 mm H-8

Overturned thrust fault, 3rd generation—

lineweight .375 mm .625 mm Half-circles on upper

2.6.11 Detachment fault, type 1, 2nd generation—Inferred

lineweight .375 mm .625 mm Half-circles on upper

2.6.18 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation—Inferred

2.6.20 Detachment fault, type 1, 3rd generation—

2.6.32 Detachment fault, type 2, 2nd generation—

lineweight .375 mm 1.25 mm Boxes on upper (tec-

2.6.38 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation— 1.0 mm

2.6.39 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation—Inferred

2.6.41 Detachment fault, type 2, 3rd generation—

3—BOUNDARIES LOCATED BY GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS

lineweight .375 mm Use when boundary is

3.2—Geophysical survey lines and stations

4—LINEAMENTS AND JOINTS

lineweight .15 mm 1.125 mm Use to show minor

lineweight .15 mm 1.125 mm Use to indicate another

H-8 Although only shown

line color 60°

5.1.26 Antiform, 2nd type—Inferred

5.1.28 Antiform, 2nd type—Concealed H-8

lineweight .25 mm 40° Beds on one limb are

line color 30° Place arrows perpen-

line color 30°

5.3.18 Synform, 2nd type—Inferred

5.3.20 Synform, 2nd type—Concealed

2.125 mm 40° 1.375 mm Shorter arrow on

5.5.13 Monocline, anticlinal bend—Concealed H-8 .5 mm

line color 40° 1.375 mm

5.5.20 Monocline, synclinal bend—Concealed

15 HI-6 (100% black)

Complex fold—Showing direction and plunge. Examples of free-form

dot diameter .75 mm

6.9 Bedding overturned more than 180 degrees— 20 20 .375 mm radius

Bedding overturned more than 180 degrees— dot diameter .75 mm

6.14 Vertical or near-vertical graded bedding—Showing 2.0 mm

Vertical or near-vertical bedding in crossbedded scalloped lines