STRUCTURAL COMPUTATION

OF

PROPOSED TWO-STOREY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE

PHASE 7-A BLOCK 17 LOT 04 ORCHARD & RESIDENTIAL ESTATE, SALITRAN, DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE

Prepared by:

GIL S. BELTRAN
Civil Engineer

PRC Reg. No. : 64544

PTR No. : 8642641
Date Issued : 1/9/2009
Place Issued : Dasmariñas, Cavite
TIN : 157-467-966

Page 1 of 9
 PROPOSED TWO-STOREY RESIDENTIAL HOUSE
PHASE 7-A BLOCK 17 LOT 04 ORCHARD & RESIDENTIAL ESTATE, SALITRAN, DASMARIÑAS, CAVITE
Owner: MS. LYDA B. FIX

DESIGN OF SLABS
A. DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB (S-1)
Direct Design Method
Design Specifications
L1 = 2.30 m column size = 0.20m x 0.40m a1 = 1 (short direction)
L2 = 3.35 m beam size = 0.20m x 0.35m a2 = 1.25 (long direction)
Fy = 275 Mpa f'c = 20.7 Mpa cc = 25 mm

Considering the interior slab

1 Relative a values
a1 x L2/L1 = 1.46 am = 2x(a1 + a2)/4 = 1.16
a2 x L1/L2 = 0.86

2 Slab thickness, t
t = Ln (800 + 0.73Fy) = 78.05 mm
36,000 + 5000b [am - 0.12(1 + 1/b)]

where: Ln = L2 - column width = 3.35 m

Ln = L1 - column width = 2.30 m
b = (Ln long/Ln short) direction clear span ratio = 1.46

It should not be less than

tmin = Ln (800 + 0.73Fy) = 68.27 mm ok
36000 + 9000b

It should not be more than

tmax = Ln (800 + 0.73Fy) = 93.13 mm ok
36000

Try t = 100 mm for all two way slabs

3 Design moments
Dead Load = W slab + W ceiling+finish = 3.35 Kpa L1 = 2.3 m
Live Load = 4.8 Kpa L2 = 3.35 m
f = 0.9

Wu = 1.4DL + 1.7LL (consider 1-m strip) = 12.86 Kpa

Long Span:
Mu = Wu L1 Ln2 /8 =
2
41.48 KN m; Mn = Mu/f = 46.09 KN m

Distribution of Mn between section of positive and negative moment

at midspan: +Mms = 0.35 Mn = 16.13 KN m
at support: -Ms = 0.65 Mn = -29.96 KN m

Percentage of moment at support

Column strip:
a2 = 1.25 L1/L2 = 0.69 a2L1/L2 = 0.86
By interpolation:
L1/L2 a2L1/L2
0.5 90 x x = 5.60 %
0.69 ? %M = 84.40 %
1 75

Code assigns 85% of the column strip moment to the beam

Column strip negative Mn = -25.28 KN m
Beam negative Mn = -21.49 KN m
Slab negative Mn = -3.79 KN m = -1.90 KN m /half strip

Page 2 of 9
 Column strip positive Mn = 13.61 KN m
Beam positive Mn = 11.57 KN m
Slab positive Mn = 2.04 KN m = 1.02 KN m /half strip

Middle strip (takes the remaining moment)

Middle strip negative Mn = -4.67 KN m
Middle strip positive Mn = 2.52 KN m

Short Span:
Mu = Wu L2 Ln1 /8 =
2
28.48 KN m; Mn = Mu/f = 31.64 KN m

Distribution of Mn between section of positive and negative moment

at midspan: +Mms = 0.35 Mn = 11.07 KN m
at support: -Ms = 0.65 Mn = -20.57 KN m

Percentage of moment at support

Column strip:
a1 = 1 a1L2/L1 = 1.46
L2/L1 = 1.46

By interpolation:
L2/L1 a1L2/L1
1 75 x x = 13.70 %
1.46 ? %M = 61.30 %
2 45
Code assigns 85% of the column strip moment to the beam
Column strip negative Mn = -12.61 KN m
Beam negative Mn = -10.72 KN m
Slab negative Mn = -1.89 KN m = -0.95 KN m /half strip

Column strip positive Mn = 6.79 KN m

Beam positive Mn = 5.77 KN m
Slab positive Mn = 1.02 KN m = 0.51 KN m /half strip

Middle strip (takes the remaining moment)

Middle strip negative Mn = -7.96 KN m
Middle strip positive Mn = 4.29 KN m

Fy 275 Mpa LONG SPAN SHORT SPAN

-M +M -M +M
Slab thickness, t (mm) 100 100
Steel reinforcement f (mm) 10 10
Middle Strips
Strip Width, b (mm) 1000 1000
Mn (KN m) 46.09 31.64
Mn (KN m) -4.67 2.52 -7.96 4.29
d (mm) 75 75 75 50
As = [Mn(106)]/[Fy(0.95d)] (mm2) 238.46 128.40 406.18 328.07
Min As = 0.002bt (mm2) 200 200 200 200
Spacing, S = Af b /As (mm) 329.36 392.70 193.36 239.40
Max S = 2t (mm) 200 200 200 200
Column Strips
Strip Width, b (mm) 1000 1000
Mn (KN m) 46.09 31.64
Mn (KN m) -1.90 1.02 -0.95 0.51
d (mm) 75 75 75 50
As = [Mn(106)]/[Fy(0.95d)] (mm2) 96.78 52.11 48.26 38.98
Min As = 0.002bt (mm2) 200 200 200 200
Spacing, S = Af b /As (mm) 392.70 392.70 392.70 392.70
Max S = 2t (mm) 200 200 200 200
Adopted Spacing, S (mm)
Middle Strips (10mm bars) 200 200
Column Strips (10mm bars) 200 200

Page 3 of 9
DESIGN OF BEAMS
A. FLOOR BEAM, FB1
1 Design loads
TA = 10.12 m2 Slab Thickness = 100 mm
Beam size: b = 0.20 m Beam span L = 3.35 m
h= 0.35 m LL = 4800 Pa
d= 0.34 m
Dead loads: W slab = 23.82 KN
W c+f = 7.2864 KN
W beam = 5.52
WDL = 36.63 KN = 10.93 KN/m
Live loads: WLL = 48.576 KN = 14.50 KN/m
Wu = 1.4DL + 1.7LL = 39.96 KN/m

2 Design Moments
Assuming fully restrained beam
Max. +Moment = WuL2/24 = 18.68 KN m
Max. -Moment = -WuL2/12 = -37.37 KN m
Max. Shear = WuL/2 = 66.93 KN
3 Reinforcement Design
At Support (Negative Moment)
Mu = -37.37 KN m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 41.52 KN m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.3rbal = 0.011
As1 = rbd = 755.17 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 59.01 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 63.96 KN m > 37.37 KN m
Treat as singly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 3.8 say 4 pcs
Reinforcement:
4 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

At Midspan (Positive Moment)

Mu = 18.68 KN/m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 20.76 KN/m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.15rbal = 0.006
As1 = rbd = 377.58 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 29.51 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 33.51 KN m > 18.68 KN m
Treat as singly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 1.9 say 2 pcs
Reinforcement:
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
4 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

4 Stirrup
Vu = 66.93 KN Vcr = Vu - Wu d = 53.44 KN
Shear capacity of beam

Page 4 of 9
 Vc = √(f'c)bd/6 = 51.18 KN
Vn = fVc/2 = 21.75 KN < 53.44
Stirrup is needed
Vs = Vcr/f - Vn = 41.12 KN
Using 10mmǾ AǾ = 78.54 mm2
Spacing S = AǾFyd/Vs = 354.53 mm
Max S = d/2 = 168.75 mm
Use 10mmǾ stirrups spaced @: 3 @ 50mm; 2 @ 100mm; 2 rest @ 150mm

B. FLOOR BEAM, FB2

1 Design loads
TA = 5.06 m2 Slab Thickness = 100 mm
Beam size: b = 0.20 m Beam span L = 3.35 m
h= 0.30 m LL = 4800 Pa
d= 0.29 m
Dead loads: W slab = 11.91 KN
W c+f = 3.6432 KN
W beam = 4.73
WDL = 20.29 KN = 6.06 KN/m
Live loads: WLL = 24.288 KN = 7.25 KN/m
Wu = 1.4DL + 1.7LL = 20.80 KN/m

2 Design Moments
Assuming fully restrained beam
Max. +Moment = WuL2/24 = 9.73 KN m
Max. -Moment = -WuL2/12 = -19.46 KN m
Max. Shear = WuL/2 = 34.84 KN
3 Reinforcement Design
At Support (Negative Moment)
Mu = -19.46 KN m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 21.62 KN m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.25rbal = 0.009
As1 = rbd = 536.08 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 41.89 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 39.30 KN m > 19.46 KN m
Treat as singly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 2.7 say 3 pcs
Reinforcement:
3 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

At Midspan (Positive Moment)

Mu = 9.73 KN/m f'c = 20.7 Mpa
Mn = Mu/0.90 = 10.81 KN/m Fy = 275 Mpa
AǾ = 201.06 mm2
r = rmax = 0.75rbal
rbal = [0.85f'c b/Fy][600+(600+Fy)] = 0.037
rmax = 0.75rbal = 0.028
use r = 0.2rbal = 0.007
As1 = rbd = 428.86 mm2
a = As1Fy/(0.85f'cb) = 33.51 mm
M1 = As1Fy(d-a/2) = 31.93 KN m > 9.73 KN m
Treat as singly reinforced beam
No. of bars required (use 16 mmÆ)
n = As/AǾ = 2.1 say 3 pcs

Page 5 of 9
 Reinforcement:
2 pcs - 16mmǾ (Top bar)
3 pcs - 16mmǾ (Bottom bar)

4 Stirrup
Vu = 34.84 KN Vcr = Vu - Wu d = 28.86 KN
Shear capacity of beam
Vc = √(f'c)bd/6 = 43.60 KN
Vn = fVc/2 = 18.53 KN < 28.86
Stirrup is needed
Vs = Vcr/f - Vn = 15.43 KN
Using 10mmǾ AǾ = 78.54 mm2
Spacing S = AǾFyd/Vs = 805.02 mm
Max S = d/2 = 143.75 mm
Use 10mmǾ stirrups spaced @: 3 @ 50mm; 2 @ 100mm; rest @ 150mm o.c.

DESIGN OF COLUMNS
A. EXTERIOR COLUMNS (C1)
Trial Section
b = 200 mm Ag = 80000 mm2
h = 400 mm Ast = 678.58401 mm2
Ǿbar = 12 mm Ǿtie = 10 mm
n = 6 pcs

Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa ǿ = 0.7
Fy = 275 MPa β = 0.85

1 Axial loads
PDL = 18.31 kN PLL = 24.29 kN
Pu = (1.4DL + 1.7LL)x1.5 = 100.39 kN (for one side only)
PuTotal = Pu x no. of sides x no. of floors = 602.37 kN

2 Check capacity of column

Puall = ǿ 0.80 [ 0.85f'c (Ag - Ast) + FyAst ]
Puall = 886.07 kN
since: Puall > Pu then: The column section is safe!

3 Check steel ratio

ρact = Ast/Ag = 0.008
ρmax = 0.85f'cβ (600) = 0.037
Fy (600 + Fy)
ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005
0.005 0.008 0.037
since: ρmin < ρact < ρmax then: The steel ratio is safe!

4 Lateral ties
s = 16 (Ǿbar) = 192 mm
s = 48 (Ǿtie) = 480 mm
s = least dimension = 200 mm
Thus: Use 6 - 12mm dia bar with 10mm dia lateral ties @ 200mm o.c.

B. INTERIOR COLUMNS (C2)

Trial Section
b = 200 mm Ag = 60000 mm2
h = 300 mm Ast = 678.58401 mm2
Ǿbar = 12 mm Ǿtie = 10 mm
n = 6 pcs

Page 6 of 9
 Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa ǿ = 0.7
Fy = 275 MPa β = 0.85

1 Axial loads
PDL = 18.31 kN PLL = 24.29 kN
Pu = (1.4DL + 1.7LL)x1.5 = 100.39 kN (for one side only)
PuTotal = Pu x no. of sides x no. of floors = 401.58 kN

2 Check capacity of column

Puall = ǿ 0.80 [ 0.85f'c (Ag - Ast) + FyAst ]
Puall = 689.01 kN
since: Puall > Pu then: The column section is safe!

3 Check steel ratio

ρact = Ast/Ag = 0.011
ρmax = 0.85f'cβ (600) = 0.037
Fy (600 + Fy)
ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005
0.005 0.011 0.037
since: ρmin < ρact < ρmax then: The steel ratio is safe!

4 Lateral ties
s = 16 (Ǿbar) = 192 mm
s = 48 (Ǿtie) = 480 mm
s = least dimension = 200 mm
Thus: Use 6 - 16mm dia bar with 10mm dia lateral ties @ 200mm o.c.

DESIGN OF FOOTING
A. INTERIOR FOOTING (F1)
Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa H = 600 mm
Fy = 275 MPa h = 300 mm
Ǿbar = 16 mm qall = 190 kPa (assume)
σconc = 23.5 kN/m3 σsoil = 15.7 kN/m 3
(assume)
colb = 200 mm cc = 100 mm
colh = 400 mm ǿ = 0.85

1 Service loads
PT = PDL + PLL = 255.62 kN

2 Base dimensions
qnet = qall - [ hσconc + Hσsoil ] = 173.53 kPa
Areqd = PT / qnet = 1.47 m2
B2 = Areqd B = 1.21 m
Trial section:
B = 1.5 m Aact = 2.25 m2

3 Soil pressure due to factored loads

PU = 1.4DL + 1.7LL = 401.58 kN
qu = PU / Aact = 178.48 kPa

4 Check punching shear

d = h - cc = 200 mm
b = colb + d = 400 mm
c = colh + d = 600 mm
bo = [2b + 2c] = 2000 mm2
Vu = PU - q u x b x c = 358.74 kN

Page 7 of 9
 ǿVc = 0.33ǿ bo d √f'c = 510.48 kN
since: ǿVc > Vu → SAFE

5 Check beam shear

x1 = (B - colb - 2d)/2 = 0.45 m
Vu = q u B x1 = 120.47 kN

ǿVc = 0.17ǿ B d √f'c = 197.23 kN

since: ǿVc > Vu → SAFE

6 Design of reinforcement
x2 = (B - colb)/2 = 0.65 m
Mu = qu B x /2
2
2
= 56.555771 kN m
Mu = ǿf'c Bd ω (1-0.59ω)
2

ω2 - 1.69ω + 0.08576 = 0
ω = = 0.052
ρ = ωf'c/Fy = 0.004

ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005

use ρ = = 0.005
As = ρ Bd = 1527.27 mm2

n = Ast/AǾ = 7.59
say 8 pcs
Thus: Use 8 16mm dia bar on both sides of footing.

B. EXTERIOR FOOTING (F2)

Design Specifications
f'c = 20.7 MPa H = 500 mm
Fy = 275 MPa h = 300 mm
Ǿbar = 16 mm qall = 190 kPa (assume)
σconc = 23.5 kN/m3 σsoil = 15.7 kN/m3 (assume)
colb = 200 mm cc = 100 mm
colh = 300 mm ǿ = 0.85

1 Service loads
PT = PDL + PLL = 170.41 kN

2 Base dimensions
qnet = qall - [ hσconc + Hσsoil ] = 175.10 kPa
Areqd = PT / qnet = 0.97 m2
B2 = Areqd B = 0.99 m
Trial section:
B = 1.2 m Aact = 1.44 m2

3 Soil pressure due to factored loads

PU = 1.4DL + 1.7LL = 267.72 kN
qu = PU / Aact = 185.92 kPa

4 Check punching shear

d = h - cc = 200 mm
b = colb + d = 400 mm
c = colh + d = 500 mm
bo = [2b + 2c] = 1800 mm2
Vu = PU - q u x b x c = 230.54 kN

ǿVc = 0.33ǿ bo d √f'c = 459.43 kN

since: ǿVc > Vu → SAFE

Page 8 of 9
5 Check beam shear
x1 = (B - colb - 2d)/2 = 0.3 m
Vu = q u B x1 = 66.93 kN

ǿVc = 0.17ǿ B d √f'c = 157.78 kN

since: ǿVc > Vu → SAFE

6 Design of reinforcement
x2 = (B - colb)/2 = 0.5 m
Mu = qu B x22/2 = 27.887461 kN m
Mu = ǿf'c Bd2 ω (1-0.59ω)
ω2 - 1.69ω + 0.05286 = 0
ω = = 0.032
ρ = ωf'c/Fy = 0.002

ρmin = 1.4/Fy = 0.005

use ρ = = 0.005
As = ρ Bd = 1221.82 mm2

n = Ast/AǾ = 6.08
say 7 pcs
Thus: Use 7 16mm dia bar on both sides of footing.

Page 9 of 9