06

WATER RESOURCES AND WATER

QUALITY
env20:
introduction to environmental
engineering

ENGR. ELISA G. ELEAZAR

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Outline
• Properties of Water
• Types of Uses of Water
• Sources of Water
• Water Supply
• Options for Meeting Water Demand
• Water Quality Standards
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Introduction
• Pollution
▫ any undesirable change in the physical,
chemical or biological characteristics of the air,
water or land that can harmfully affect the
health, survival or activities of humans or other
living organisms

• Pollutants
▫ Point Sources
▫ Nonpoint Sources

Properties of Water
Property
Excellent solvent
Transparent to visible light
Maximum density as a
liquid at 4C
High heat of evaporation,
latent heat of fusion, heat
capacity
4
Significance
Transport of nutrients and wastes
Colorless
Ice floats
Determines the transfer of heat
and water molecules between the
atmosphere and bodies of water;
stabilization of temperatures of
organisms and geographical
regions
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Types of Uses of Water
• Consumptive Use
▫ renders water unavailable for further use
▫ evaporation, extreme pollution, seepage
underground

• Nonconsumptive Use
▫ leaves water available for reuse without going
through the hydrologic cycle
▫ industrial and thermoelectric power
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Sources of Water
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Water Supply
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Options for Meeting Water Demand
Supply Type Reuse Type
Dams Better Treatment
Water diversions Reduction of Evaporation
Desalination (RO, Water Conservation
distillation) Techniques
Aquifer Recharging
Use of Icebergs
Relocation
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Water Quality Standards
• Drinking Water Standards

• Surface Water Quality Standards

• Effluent Standards
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Outline
• Properties of Water
• Types of Uses of Water
• Sources of Water
• Water Supply
• Options for Meeting Water Demand
• Water Quality Standards
 06
WATER RESOURCES AND WATER
QUALITY
env20:
introduction to environmental
engineering

ENGR. ELISA G. ELEAZAR