ESE April 2018

April 2018
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CONTENTS April 2018 • Vol. 31 No. 2 • ISSN-0835-605X
COMING IN OUR
JUNE 2018 ISSUE
This issue will offer our
40,000 readers across
Canada a strong and
diverse range of articles.
EDITORIAL FOCUS
Storage Tanks,
14 20 Containment Systems
& Spill Management
Hazardous Waste
ARTICLES BONUS CONVENTION

CIRCULATION AT:
6 The evolution of “environmental evangelists” —Editorial comment • American Water Works
Association (ACE)
10 Nunavut communities struggle with water shortage and supply issues • American Public
Works Association
14 Polymer cement based coatings protect water and wastewater assets —Cover story
18 Real-time data and analysis cuts sewer cleaning costs
20 Choosing the right valve coating depends on its application
24 New pumping system solves wastewater pump station clogging problems
26 Bridging prevention during sludge pumping prevents operational problems
28 New ultrasonic flow meters make biogas measuring easier
30 Evaluating the effectiveness of chemical precipitation for mining wastewater Ad Booking Deadline:
34 Why different light sources are needed for water quality turbidimeters May 21, 2018
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36 Reliable gate valve operation depends on sound utility operations your ad space.
38 Secondary clarifier design includes using proven features from yesteryear 1-888-254-8769
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42 NS resort utilizes on-site distributed wastewater disposal systems www.esemag.com
45 Quick action needed to get remote community’s water plant back in operation
46 Using satellite technology to evaluate lake water quality
50 Modular and packaged MSBR plants chosen for small scale treatment systems DEPARTMENTS
54 Muskoka using cloud based software to track operator training and certification 59 Product Showcase
56 Halifax generating power from its watermain pressure reducing valve stations 62 Environmental News
62 Professional Cards
66 Polish police using drones to find air polluters 66 Ad Index
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www.esemag.com @ESEMAG Environmental Science and Engineering Magazine
4 | April 2018 Environmental Science & Engineering Magazine

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Sustainable Ecosystems
EDITORIAL COMMENT BY STEVE DAVEY
Soil retaining system helps urban trees reach

EVOLUTION
maturity OF ‘THE ENVIRONMENTAL EVANGELISTS’
By Eric Keshavarzi
TG
his year marks 30 years of Envi- to continue the good work. second. Russia's Lake Baikal, for example,
ronmentalreen Science & Engineering
infrastructure and sus- Politicians compound the problem. contains as much fresh water as all of the
Magazine.tainability goalsour
As part of are anniver-
of in- Too often they respond to complex envi- Great Lakes combined.
sary reflections,
creasing weimportance,
are revisiting and and ronmental situations with sensational 2) The author employs a spurious
exploring important topics, technologies
achieving them requires tech- statements which owe more to electoral Catch 22 argument when he links the
and events
nical that have
knowledge and impacted
training in Canada’s
varied opportunism than to honest attempts to soaring sales of bottled water with the
water, wastewater and environmental
fields. Integration of soil and trees into solve problems. Invariably, they find a actual state of Canadian fresh water
protection
urban areasindustries.
substantially improves sus- willing ally in the news media. A news- sources. Many people have been stam-
In our
tainability andApril
helps1988 issue,
alleviate some founding
of our paper columnist recently epitomized the peded into buying bottled water because
editor, Tom Davey took issue
most pressing ecological challenges. with the misconceptions which plague the envi- of inflammatory statements by single
inaccurate
These claims
include of some
air and waterenvironmental
quality, rising ronmental engineering fraternity. issue pressure groups – not because of
protest groups and journalists,
temperatures, flooding and erosion whom he
from The columnist wrote: “For many years, the condition of the waters. If a false
described as “environmental
daily rainfall events. evangelists”. environmentalists have been sounding fire alarm sounds in a theatre, the rapid
In
Thehis comment,
West Don Lands, Tominalso discussed
Toronto, On- alarms about the gradual destruction of exodus is due to the alarmist; it is not a
the growing use of bottled
tario, is a community that is people water. I think
fo- the environment but governments refused reflection on the performers.
he would
cused, be dismayed
family friendly,toenvironmentally
know that since to act, largely because voters were not The waterworks industry is only too
1988 bottled
sustainable andwater consumption
beautifully designed has for sufficiently concerned. Now people realize well aware that our raw water sources
ballooned in Canada, with salesGOLDreach- Installation
that no one can of Silva
escapeCells in Mill Street.
the harmful effects contain a variety of toxins and it is
living. It has a Stage 1 LEED ND
ing $2.5 billion
certification (2.5the
under billion
pilotlitres)
program in 2016,
es- of industrial wastes and pollution.
development is new. In fact, the West Don making
soil. Theprogress
structure on hasa92%range of space
void treat-
according to Euromonitor
tablished by the U.S. Green BuildingInternational. “Toxicstreets
Lands wastesarearethe
in the
firstfood
in achain and
Toronto ment processes. But the people who
and is a stable surface for the installation seek
Council. in our drinking water. It is a sad
subdivision to be designed with this sys- commen- refuge in bottled waters
of vehicle loaded-pavements. might be star-
*** tary on the state of the environment
One notable sustainable component, tem installed under parking lay-bys that
and tledWhen
if theyproperly
could read analytical data
installed, they can on
Tom in
utilized Davey wrote:ofNot
the design since streets,
the area’s Johann in the
sidewalks.country with the most fresh water, the various brands.
achieve an AASHTO H-20 load rating.
Gutenberg invented movable
is a soil retaining system called Silva type in theMill
sale Street
of bottled
was water
the first is subdivision
becoming a Arsenic,Highway
Canadian lead, Bridge
copper,Design
sulphates
Code
1450 has so much gibberish
Cells™. Typical urban trees in the city about envi- thriving industry. ”
street in Toronto to be designed to include and magnesium are only
loading can also be achieved througha few of ap-
the
ronmental
core die aftermatters been published
approximately seven years. by thisInsoil
less retaining
than ninety words,As
system. this
theauthor
lead compounds which have been found
propriate design. This is the required load in
some protest groups. All too
However, Silva Cells help extend their frequently, managed to make major errors
engineering consultant, R.V.Anderson of fact, as many bottled waters, sometimes
rating for structures such as underground at levels
theirspans,
life dire thus
warnings are combined
promoting the growth with
of well as misinterpretations,
Associates coordinated all plans which andcannot
spec- exceeding
vaults, covers those
andofgrates
the untreated
in areas ofwater
traf-
a nauseating
mature street trees.air of moral superiority. be allowed to pass unchallenged:
ifications with the landscape architect. in Lake Ontario.
fic including sidewalks and parking lots.
Indeed, somethe
Although protesters are the had
City of Toronto environ-
pre- 1) Canada is notSilva
About the country
Cells with the TheBut,
cell even so, transfers
structure trace substances
the force toin a
mental equivalents of certain
viously used Silva Cells as part of a television most fresh water. The USSR
Silva Cells are a plastic/fiberglass and Brazil bottled
base layer below the structure. below the
waters are usually well
evangelists. management
stormwater Both species warn of impend-
pilot program in have
structure of columns and beamsthis
flows which greatly exceed thatcoun-
sup- limits
Soilinwithin
our drinking
the cells water standards.
remains at low
ing catastrophes – then
The Queensway, their use as part solicit donations
of site try's estimated 100,000 cubic
port paving above un-compacted planting metres per continued
compaction rates, thereby overleaf…
creating ideal
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Environmental Science&& Engineering Magazine
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EDITORIAL COMMENT BY STEVE DAVEY
3) The third misconception is the Canada Water & Sewage Confer-

inference that it was the modern (as ence, well before the era of protest. In
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER STEVE DAVEY of 1988) “environmentalists” who Quebec, the Association Quebecoise
steve@esemag.com
first issued warnings to indifferent des Techniques de I'Eau, was founded
MANAGING EDITOR PETER DAVEY
peter@esemag.com governments who refused to act. The when public and political interest in
SALES DIRECTOR PENNY DAVEY facts are otherwise. It is generally the ecology was scant.
penny@esemag.com recognized that the citizens' envi- But major environmental activ-
SALES REPRESENTATIVE DENISE SIMPSON ronment movement began in 1969 ism from engineering professionals
denise@esemag.com
with the birth of Pollution Probe at had begun several generations earlier,
ACCOUNTING SANDRA DAVEY the University of Toronto. Pollution when deaths from typhoid, cholera
sandra@esemag.com
Probe spawned dozens of likeminded and other water-borne diseases were
CIRCULATION MANAGER DARLANN PASSFIELD
darlann@esemag.com groups across Canada and unques- commonplace. As such afflictions
DESIGN & PRODUCTION MIGUEL AGAWIN tionably focussed attention on seri- were often confined to the poorer
production@esemag.com ous areas of environmental neglect, districts, authorities were sometimes
performing a valuable public service. callously indifferent to sanitary engi-
To paraphrase Voltaire, if they did neering proposals. Some Canadian
TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD not exist, it would be necessary to cities had the dubious distinction of
Archis Ambulkar, Jones and Henry Engineers, Ltd. invent them. The noun “environmen- having higher infant mortality rates
Gary Burrows, City of London talists” crept into the media lexicon at than major European cities.
Patrick Coleman, Black & Veatch this time and reporters eagerly sought Tangible remedial action came
Bill De Angelis, City of Toronto them out as “authoritative” sources, about only through the strenuous
Mohammed Elenany, Urban Systems regardless of competence or relevance. efforts of engineers, such as Thomas
William Fernandes, City of Toronto
It was a perfect match; a press with and Samuel Keefer, Willis Chipman,
Marie Meunier, John Meunier Inc., Québec
Tony Petrucci, Stantec, Markham
an insatiable appetite for sensational- Dr. Albert Edward Berry, and Winni-
ism, mating with an eloquent protest peg's Bill Hurst, often in opposition to
movement brimming with moral the vested interests of the day. Some
indignation. pioneering consulting engineers, too,
Environmental Science & Engineering is a bi-monthly Many of their warnings were justi- played a significant role in develop-
business publication of Environmental Science
& Engineering Publications Inc. An all Canadian fiable, often being based on engineering treatment systems which had a
publication, ES&E provides authoritative editorial ing and scientific studies from profes- major effect on public health.
coverage of Canada’s municipal and industrial
environmental control systems and drinking water sionals in the health and engineering Some of today's self-annointed
treatment and distribution. fields. But some of the apocalyptic environmentalists might do well to
Readers include consulting engineers, industrial plant warnings – many on drinking water study this record. They might discover
managers and engineers, key municipal, provincial
and federal environmental officials, water and – were based on anecdotal evidence the ecological wheel they think they
wastewater plant operators and contractors. rather than the scientific methodol- invented was, in fact, gaining momen-
Information contained in ES&E has been compiled ogy accepted throughout the world. tum around the turn of the century. It
from sources believed to be correct. ES&E cannot be Professional advice – based on long was a wheel built by engineers and
responsible for the accuracy of articles or other
editorial matter. Articles in this magazine are intended training, education and experience in scientists, not articulate but techni-
to provide information rather than give legal or other engineering and science – was largely cally illiterate protesters.
professional advice. Articles being submitted for
review should be emailed to steve@esemag.com. ignored in favour of those groups
who orchestrated politicians and the ***
Canadian Publications Mail Sales
Second Class Mail media with great dexterity. Editors Note: As readers will have no
Product Agreement No. 40065446
Registration No. 7750 But even as the protest movements doubt observed, Tom Davey was an
were taking their first strident steps, ardent supporter of Canada’s water and
Undeliverable copies, advertising space orders, copy,
artwork, proofs, etc., should be sent to: the Ontario government was already wastewater associations. So it is fitting
Environmental Science & Engineering in the midst of a water and waste- that his insights from 30 years ago
220 Industrial Pkwy. S., Unit 30
Aurora, Ontario L4G 3V6 water treatment construction surge appear in this issue, which will be distrib-
Tel: (905)727-4666 which was unparalleled anywhere in uted at many of their Spring events.
Website: www.esemag.com
the world. Prodded by such engineer-
ing giants as Dr. Albert Edward Berry, Steve Davey
billions of dollars were spent on envi- is editor and
A Supporting Publication of
ronmental projects in Ontario over publisher of ES&E
the past three decades. Magazine. Email:
Similar projects got underway in steve@esemag.com
the west, thanks to some dedicated
engineers who founded the Western

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04.16
WATER
Potable water filtration treatment facility in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, with storage reservoir and smaller water treatment residuals reservoir.
Nunavut communities struggle with water

shortage and supply issues
By Ken Johnson
T
he mean annual temperatures in WATER SUPPLY AND DELIVERY Lakes and rivers that provide a seasonal
Nunavut range from just below Nunavut is the largest of the three water supply are used to fill long-term
minus 10°C in the extreme south- territories of the Canadian north, with storage reservoirs. Nine Nunavut commu-
east, to near minus 20°C in the 20% of Canada’s land mass and only nities have engineered storage reservoirs
far north. It does not have a significant 30,000 people. Its 25 communities range that have sufficient water stored for up
summer season, and during the cool, in size from Grise Fiord with 140 people, to a year. An allowance for ice forma-
brief summer, the ice-filled waters limit in the far north, to Iqaluit, with 7,000 tion must be considered when these are
the surface temperature to minus 10°C. people in the south. Eleven of the 25 designed.
In July, the warmest month, tempera- communities have over 1,000 people, Proximity of water to the commu-
tures are prevented from rising much and all of the communities except one nity itself presents another challenge
above 7°C. (Baker Lake) are coastal. Surface water because of the cost of building, oper-
In spite of the presence of the Arctic provides drinking water to all, because ating, and maintaining roads and pipe-
Ocean, Nunavut is one of the driest permafrost does not accommodate any lines. At nearly $1 million per kilome-
regions in the world, with a scant 50 mm groundwater resources. tre for a road and a pipeline in some
of precipitation falling in the northern Community water supplies make use locations, the economics places distant
region and 375 mm in the southern of lakes and rivers, and provide either piped water sources beyond the reach of
region. In general, 50% – 80% of the year-round or seasonal water supply. most communities. Add to this cost the
yearly precipitation falls as snow. Surface Surface ice up to two metres thick can potential for pipeline freezing, and the
water covers approximately 7.5% of the damage piping in lakes if it is placed too severe operating conditions in blizzards,
territory. shallow, and can damage piping in rivers, and closer becomes a lot better.
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WATER
water heating. In pipe systems where

circulation and heating is limited, freeze
protection is achieved by “bleeding” the
water system into the sewer system. This
may amount to water use that is two to
three times what would normally be
anticipated.
An example of the capital cost of a
piped system is the replacement of the
piped system in Resolute, which was
tendered several years ago. The lowest
tender received for the project was $44.4
million, which put the project budget
approximately $18 million (70%) over
the pre-tender construction estimate of
$26 million. Resolute has a population
of 250 people, so the cost per person
for the system replacement was nearly
$180,000.
An example of the operation and
maintenance costs of a water and sewer
system are the costs in the community of
Grise Fiord, which is the northernmost
community in Canada. The annual cost
was over $2,200 per person in 2002, or
6.4 cents per litre for water and sewer
Top: Buried installation of insulated High Density Polyurethane
(4.5 cents per litre for water only). Over-
(HDPE) water line in Resolute, Nunavut. Above: Twelve month
all water use was 5,680,000 litres, or 95
water supply reservoir in Chesterfield Inlet, Nunavut excavated
into bedrock. Above-right: Pump out trucked sewage collection
litres per capita per day.
from in house sewage tank in Repulse Bay, Nunavut. Right: In comparison to the cost of water
Buried, insulated High Density Polyurethane (HDPE) water and in this community, the cost of water is
sewer lines between manholes in Rankin Inlet, Nunavut. a mere 0.12 cents per litre in Edmon-
ton, Alberta. A quick mathematical
comparison places water costs in Grise
Drinking water is disinfected in thawed sufficiently to excavate. Fiord a whopping 40 times more expen-
Nunavut before delivery. However, more Fire protection is also a unique chal- sive. Added to these financial challenges
substantial treatment using filtration tech- lenge in Nunavut, because of the reli- are the technical ones of designing,
nologies is being introduced into commu- ance on a trucked water level of service constructing, operating and maintaining
nities to provide multi-barrier protection in most communities to fight any fires. northern water and sewer infrastructure.
against contamination. Water treatment Fire losses are disproportionately higher
improvements are encouraged by public than southern regions largely because of EXTREME WATER ISSUES AND THE
health officials, and may ultimately be this. One simple fire protection measure FUTURE OF NUNAVUT WATER
mandated by public health regulations. used is a 12 metre separation distance As challenging as “normal” water
Water delivery and sewage collection between buildings. supply is in Nunavut, there are several
in most Nunavut communities is by examples of extreme water use issues.
trucked services. Large trucks distribute THE COST OF NUNAVUT WATER In Grise Fiord, the stream that fills the
water and collect sewage. Each home has The cost of northern water, for both water reservoirs on an annual basis dried
potable water and sewage storage tanks. capital cost and operation and mainte- up during one filling season, and the
There are three communities in nance, is a function of labour and mate- community ran out of drinking water
Nunavut with piped water and sewer rials, which are influenced by geographic before the reservoir could be refilled in
systems, namely Iqaluit, Rankin Inlet, isolation, the extreme cold climate, and the spring. The community resorted to
and Resolute. These piped systems are permafrost geology. harvesting icebergs, chopping and plac-
unique and expensive to build, because Water and sewer systems have oper- ing the ice into the reservoir to maintain
of the cost of labour and materials. The ating challenges associated with the the water supply.
construction season for buried water and potential freezing of the piping due to The communities of Kugluktuk and
sewer systems is generally limited to three heat loss, which is counteracted with Kugaaruk are experiencing issues with
months of the year when the ground has pipe insulation, water circulation, and saltwater intrusion into their river water

The safe solution.
supply systems because tidal action is
creating a salt water wedge that advances
up the river to the point of the water
supply intake. In the community of Sani-
kiluaq, saltwater intrusion is also occur- U.S.F.
S.F Fabrication’s Hatch Safety Grate System is available in a variety
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uall
the lake that supplies the community. and equipment when closed and may act as an additional barrier er when open. It allows
Most northern communities also lly around the hatch opening
people to move freely ngs without exposing themselves to
dangerous fall-through.
have limited capacity for dealing with
water, whether it be financial, adminis- All Hatch Safety
ety Grates feature:
• Tamp
Tamper-resr istant 316 SS hinges
res
trative or human resources. This limited
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nd hardw
har are
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Powder-coated aluminum grates to
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res
increasing sophistication in water and • Hold
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wastewater treatment technology. in their full upright and open position
Climate change is also emerging as • Ca
Can be ret
r rofitted into existing
an issue for water supply in Nunavut. access openings
The water supply issues in Grise Fiord,
Kugluktuk, Kugaaruk and Sanikiluaq may
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sales@engineeredpump.com • www.engineeredpump.com
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Our line now includes pore sizes of 0.2 micron, 0.45 micron, 1 micron and 5 micron.
These capsule filters are available in two size formats — a 300 cm2 surface area version
and a 600 cm2 surface area version for higher turbidity samples.
www.esemag.com April 2018 | 13

CORROSION
Gemite offers several systems for waterproofing and protection of concrete structures in wastewater treatment facilities.
Polymer cement based coatings to

waterproof and protect concrete in potable
and wastewater treatment facilities
By Ivan Razl
W
aterproofing, erosion protection water, escapes to the air above the waste- resulting in failures through de-bonding
and, to some extent, improve- water and is then oxidized, forming sulfu- from the concrete substrate.
ment of chemical resistance ric acid on the surface of the concrete. It There are a number of reasons why
are the main reasons for the is the acid formation which causes severe polymer coatings applied to concrete
application of waterproofing/protective concrete deterioration in pumping (lift) will fail, but the main problem is the pres-
systems to reinforced concrete structures stations, manholes, sewers and digesters. ence of moisture within concrete. Even
in potable water treatment facilities. In Traditionally, polymer-based coatings when using surface moisture compatible
wastewater treatment, the waterproofing such as epoxy, vinyl esters and other poly- polymer coatings, such as special epoxy,
is equally important, but the chemical mers have been used for waterproofing the water vapour impermeability (the
protection of reinforced concrete struc- and protection of both potable water and lack of breathability) may result in their
tures is essential in areas where concrete wastewater treatment facilities. While de-bonding from the concrete.
is exposed to sulfuric acid microbiolog- polymers exhibit a very good chemical Similarly, if water gets at the concrete/
ically generated from hydrogen sulfide. resistance, they have a number of disad- polymer coating interface from the
The hydrogen sulfide, created by anaer- vantages when applied to concrete which outside, (e.g., from the surrounding
obic oxidation of sulfates present in waste- is continuously exposed to water, often continued overleaf…

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CORROSION
groundwater), the capillary pressures cally damaged surface. Failing to provide In combination with additional rein-
created at that interface may cause the coating continuity, results in water forcement, Cem-Kote Flex ST is also
de-bonding. Water can also penetrate penetration to the coating/concrete inter- suitable for waterproofing concrete
from the inside (the storage side) into face and subsequent de-bonding. structures exposed to ozone treatment.
the concrete/polymer coating interface A much better solution for protec- Gemite’s polymer modified aluminate
through pinholes and microcracks. tion of concrete structures in potable or cement based Cem-Kote Flex CR is used
It is often wrongly assumed that poly- wastewater treatment environments is to in closed structures, where high concen-
mer coating de-bonding is caused by use polymer modified cement coatings trations of hydrogen sulfide are expected,
water vapour pressure. The actual vapour based on Portland or aluminate cements. e.g., roofed clarifiers, digesters, pump-
pressures are too small to cause this, The high level of polymer modification ing stations, sewers and manholes. The
and it is often the capillary pressures of provides excellent chemical resistance synergy between polymer modifier and
the water at the interface that cause the and flexibility, while the cement content aluminate cement composition provides
de-bonding. To avoid this, the concrete makes these coatings “breathable”, allow- an excellent resistance to microbiologi-
must be completely dry to a depth of 2 – 3 ing the water vapour to evaporate and cally induced corrosion. The chemical
cm. When applying the polymer coatings the release of possible capillary pres- resistance of polymer modified calcium
in closed tanks or in new construction, sures at the interface. aluminate cement coating to microbio-
this is difficult to achieve, expensive and Polymer modified cement materials logically formed sulfuric acid has been
requires several days of forced drying to can be applied to water saturated concrete, extensively tested in a test chamber
assure safe application. even when moisture is present on the which has a high hydrogen sulfide envi-
Obtaining continuity of the polymer surface. Gemite’s polymer modified Port- ronment (25 – 50 ppm) and a pH of the
coating is also difficult, especially in land cement Cem-Kote Flex ST has been concrete surface of less than one.
repair and restoration projects. A smooth used in waterproofing and protection of Both materials are easy to apply, and
and even surface is required for a pinhole reinforced concrete in potable water and need only water to clean tools and
and microcrack free substrate, and the also in open structure, wastewater treat- equipment. They don’t contain volatile
application of a thin cement layer is often ment facilities, in restoration and new organic compounds, do not smell, and
needed to prepare an eroded or chemi- construction for over 25 years. have none of the health hazards present
Quality without Compromise.

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Robert Abernethy, P.Eng, MBA – Director of New Business Development
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in polymer coating systems. Cem-Kote Flex ST and CR are two
Thicken your
component materials, consisting of dry bagged powders, and a
waterborne liquid additive supplied in a plastic container. The Sludge
two components are mixed on site, using a conventional elec-
tric paddle mixer or mortar mixer, and applied in two coats by
brushing or spraying to a total applied thickness of 1.6 – 2 mm.
In new construction, high pressure water is sufficient to clean
the existing concrete.
Any existing smaller “bug-holes” are coated over during appli-
cation, but the larger ones are pre-filled with the Gem-Plast TC
repair mortar. Drying shrinkage cracks are treated with Reinforc-
ing Fabric HD which provides waterproofing even if the crack
bridging capacity of flexible Cem-Kote Flex ST/CR is exceeded.
Several types of equipment, including peristaltic and positive
displacement pumps, may be used for the spraying of these
materials, providing a highly efficient, easy and fast application
When there are very rough surfaces, the deteriorated
concrete is removed and the surface cleaned using high pres-
sure water. Portland cement based Gem-Plast TC, suitable for
hand or spray application, is applied in thicknesses up to 12
mm to repair deteriorated surfaces. A leveling layer is required
to repair the surface and provide a smooth surface to mini-
mize pinholes in the application of Cem-Kote Flex ST/CR.
Wastewater facilities, manholes and sewer systems also
contain metal parts that require corrosion protection. The
corrosion protective polymer barrier systems can be very
difficult to apply in the repair of these structures, since they
require very clean and dry surfaces to function. The barrier
systems are also very sensitive to pinholes, where the rate of
corrosion is very high.
Gemite has been successfully using a cement-based corro-
sion protective coating, Fibre-Prime, which does not require a
very clean surface and only removal of rust is sufficient. It is Patented disk design provides
completely insensitive to moisture, even to surface moisture effective automatic operation
present on the metal parts. For additional protection to micro-
biologically caused corrosion by sulfuric acid, Cem-Kote Flex
CR may be applied over Fibre-Prime. Small footprint allows
The advantages of Fibre-Prime are also very important for fit into tight spaces
corrosion protection of exposed reinforcing steel in the resto-
ration of reinforced concrete structures. Low operating costs
In cases of very high hydrogen sulfide concentration (more
than 50 ppm), or of chemical storage tanks and secondary
containment structures which require high chemical resis- Award-winning
tance, Gemite offers a system combining polymer-cement and Learn more at: service & support
epoxy. It uses Cem-Kote Barrier Cote 100 as a vapour retarder
huberforum.net/SDISC
and two coats of 100% solids epoxy, Gem-Cote EP 100.
The use of Cem-Kote Barrier 100 as water vapour retarder solutions@hhusa.net Simple
allows an application of non-breathable epoxy coating over 704-990-2053 to operate
concrete that may exhibit high water vapour transfer from
behind the tank walls, (e.g., concrete tanks below grade) or
slabs.
Ivan Razl, PhD, P.Eng. is with Gemite Products Inc.

Email: ivan@gemite.com
WASTE WATER Solutions

WASTEWATER
Using real-time data and analysis can cut

sewer cleaning costs
By Greg Quist
T
he conventional approach to
preventing sanitary sewer over-
flows (SSOs) has been to apply
significant resources to the problem
through high frequency cleaning (HFC)
programs that target locations identi-
fied as high risk. Although well-man-
aged HFC programs can be helpful in
lowering the incidences of SSOs, they
can come at a high cost in terms of staff,
equipment and wear on pipes.
Typically, sites are grouped into
monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, half-
yearly or annual cleaning schedules. These
cleaning frequencies usually remain fixed,
but utilities will sometimes change the
assigned frequency of a given site. The
methods for making this determination
are typically based on field data received Real-time monitoring enables users to prioritize cleaning based on empirical data, days or even
when the cleanings occur. weeks ahead of any potential spills.
Despite the common use of HFC
programs, overflows still occur, as
the utility has no visibility of the sites Recent pilot studies have verified that
between cleanings. Even with more
frequent inspections, it is extremely diffi- technology allied to intelligent analysis
cult to determine if there is a progressive software provides lower costs and ongoing
change occurring. Inspections provide
only a single snapshot and do not SSO protection.
provide the requisite trend information
to determine what is happening day-to-
day. Thus, collection systems are “blind 94% when using real-time data to indi- enables users to clearly see anomalies or
spots” for most wastewater utilities. cate when cleaning was needed. changes from the norm.
To prevent overflows at HFC sites, a There were no spills from blockages, By combining real-time remote moni-
good collections manager, lacking knowl- giving the utility confidence to roll out toring, robust satellite-based commu-
edge between cleanings, will tend to over- this approach of monitoring and clean- nications, secure networks and exten-
clean. This can increase pipeline wear ing only when the system recommended sive analytical software, the process of
and shorten the lifetime of underground across their whole network. Monitoring “listening to your sewer” can predict
assets. It is expensive and labour-intensive gives operators continuous collection and avoid spills, free up personnel and
to inspect every time prior to cleaning. system condition feedback where they equipment, extend the lifetime of equip-
Therefore, the site is cleaned irrespective can see subtle changes occurring with ment and pipes and, in the end, help
of the necessity to do so. sewer flows. lower rates for ratepayers.
Recent pilot studies using remote Gaining system visibility enables much
real-time monitoring and sophisticated better maintenance practices because real- Greg Quist is with SmartCover Systems,
data analysis have verified that technol- time monitoring can determine when to who have installed over 3,500 monitoring
ogy allied to intelligent analysis software clean, as opposed to blindly following a systems across North America. They are
provides lower costs and ongoing SSO preplanned schedule and then reacting to represented in Canada by Link Utility
protection. In one case, high frequency emergencies. Remote sensing technology Technologies. For more information,
cleaning requirements were reduced by used in concert with trend analysis tools email: matthew@linkut.ca

WATER & WASTEWATER
Choosing the right valve coating depends on

its application
A
s the water and wastewater industry pushes further and
further to lower environmental impacts, increase the life
span of equipment, and reduce in-plant maintenance, it
is important, when specifying valves, to consider the
features that will help contribute to this goal. Cast and ductile
iron are the most common materials used for body castings
used for the AWWA valves installed predominantly in the
water/wastewater marketplace.
While both cast and ductile iron have mechanical properties
well suited for this use, these valve components require addi-
tional corrosion protection to ensure a long life cycle. AWWA
standards for various valve types (butterfly, gate, check, etc.)
have evolved over the years to include general requirements
with respect to corrosion protection. For example, since 2010,
AWWA butterfly valves for buried applications are required
to have their interior and exterior surfaces shop coated with Fusion bonded epoxy coating on valve castings.
an epoxy coating (AWWA C504-4.4, 2015) conforming to
AWWA C550, which is the standard that provides minimum These standards state where the coatings are required, mini-
requirements for protective interior coatings for valves and mum coating thicknesses, and what methods can be used to
hydrants. test and confirm proper coating application. What these stan-
“
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”
sensitive ecosystems.
Dan Chernishenko
Senior Principal
Supporting Industry
and the Environment
Design with community in mind.
stantec.com/water

dards do not cover is the selection of the type of the epoxy Fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) is a thermoset polymer coating.
coating. This is left up to the purchaser who is responsible for Its application requires a pre-heating process where the cast-
providing a coating specification for the valve they are intend- ing is placed in an oven set at 204°C for a specified time and
ing to use. The difficult part for the purchaser is finding and is monitored with a thermometer until the part reaches the
compiling information to evaluate the available coatings and required pre-heat temperature, which is typically 177 °C.
making an informed decision on which type they require for The castings are then moved to the spray location, where
their application. they are wired to a slight electrostatic charge. The epoxy,
The two most common protective epoxy coatings are which comes in powder form, has an opposite charge, and
two-part epoxy and fusion bonded epoxy. Most people are is sprayed onto the casting. The pre-heated casting melts the
familiar with two-part epoxy as many of these products are powder, transforming it into a liquid form. The liquid FBE
available in the local hardware store. Two-part epoxies must film flows onto the surface that it is applied to and becomes
be mixed together before use. Each component is thoroughly a solid coating by chemical cross-linking. The castings are
stirred and then combined and mixed until uniform. Once then returned to the oven for post curing for approximately 20
mixed, their pot-life begins. This is defined as the amount of minutes. Once the curing takes place, the chemical cross-link-
time it takes for an initial mixed viscosity to double. Typically, ing reaction is irreversible. Application of further heating will
once this time expires, the product needs to be thinned for not “melt” or disrupt the coating.
further application. This pot-life is outlined in Table 1. In addition to the method of application, the quality of
This coating is most commonly applied at room tempera- any epoxy coating is a function of the substrate preparation,
ture in the factory, so careful consideration must be given to as well as the coating thickness applied to the material. After
ensuring appropriate amounts are batched so as not to exceed either coating process, all parts are visually examined to
the pot-life when applying. Curing dry-time for handling is ensure adequate coverage and the film thickness is measured
typically 7 – 10 hours, but immersion of the coated casting at random locations.
may require 5 – 10 days of cure time, depending on the thick- AWWA C550 requires the coating thickness to be a mini-
ness of coating applied. Two-part epoxies can be applied using mum average of 6 mil. Both two-part and fusion bonded
a brush, roller, airless or conventional spray, with care taken to coatings are typically applied with a thickness that exceeds
vent vapours to ensure the removal of solvents. continued overleaf…
Yea, it’s kind of like that.
Designed to chop and macerate solids in extremely

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WATER & WASTEWATER
this minimum standard. AWWA C550 also references holiday TABLE 1: Pot-life for a common two-part epoxy used to coat
valve castings.
spark testing, which is a non-destructive test method applied
on protective coatings to detect unacceptable discontinuities,
such as pinholes and voids. To ensure proper coverage, end Temperature (°F/°C) Pot-Life (Hrs.)
users and consultants can specify this testing to determine that
the coating is without holidays or voids. 20/-7 -
While the initial set-up to apply a fusion bonded epoxy
coating may be more complex than simply mixing two compo- 32/0 -
nents together and spraying them onto a substrate, once the
equipment is in place in a manufacturing facility, the coating 40/4 7
application process can be streamlined and controlled. This
application control and repeatability allows manufacturers to
50/10 6
produce valves with more consistently applied coatings.
After evaluating the application differences for the two
coatings, the next logical comparison would be their physical 60/16 5
and performance properties. As mentioned earlier, the main
reason for using these coatings is to increase corrosion resis- 70/21 4
tance. Both two-part and fusion bonded epoxy provide the
same corrosion resistance, as demonstrated by their perfor- 80/27 3
mance during a salt spray test, which is a standardized, indus-
try accepted, test method to check corrosion resistance of 90/32 2
surface coatings.
The two products start to differ in their performance when
90/32 2
comparing their relative adhesion strength and abrasion
resistance. As these coatings are used as a physical barrier to
prevent corrosion of the casting, it is essential that the coating Source: AMERCOAT 370 Data Sheet.
Electrically operated and portable, the Hydrolift-2

actuator is the ideal choice for the frequent user of
the Waterra Inertial Pumping System with moderate to
extreme pumping requirements.
This actuator eliminates the fatigue that can be

experienced on large monitoring programs and it can
result in a big boost to your field sampling program. The
power and endurance you need — without breaking a
sweat.
• suitable for use with Standard Flow, High Flow & Low Flow
inertial pumps
• fully adjustable — adapts to almost any size casing or
protective well casing & can also be used with flush grade
well completions
• perfect for purging & sampling 2" diameter monitoring wells
up to 200 feet deep
• most efficient well development system available

maintain a high degree of surface adhesion. Adhesion strength epoxy, and the third was left with an uncoated interior, as a
of a typical two-part epoxy is reported to be around 1000 psi, control.
while the adhesion strength of fusion bonded epoxy has been The valves were installed for a period of three years and
demonstrated to be around 2900 psi. periodically checked to ensure proper performance. After
Abrasion resistance is another important property to three years in service, the valves were inspected. All exteriors
consider as these coatings are used on the interior of the still displayed the two-part, fusion bonded epoxy of standard
valves. Common water and wastewater applications subject primer from the factory and did not exhibit excessive corro-
valve interiors to flows of high velocities and pressures, some- sion. Each valve was then disassembled and inspected inter-
times with fluids that contain grit and solids. As these appli- nally. The buildup of sludge was measured on all internal
cations will cause wear on the interior of the valve over time, components. The valve coated with fusion bonded epoxy had
it’s critical to provide the valve with a coating that best resists over five times less volume of sludge buildup when compared
these conditions. Both two-part and fusion bonded epoxies with the two-part epoxy.
have been tested using the Taber Abraser Standard Test for These results make sense when you qualitatively observe
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings, outlined in ASTM the two coatings applied to a valve body. Fusion bonded epoxy
D4060. The results demonstrate that, under the same load and coating forms a smooth, low friction surface, while two-part
cycle conditions, fusion bonded epoxy is over six times more epoxy is observed to have a rougher finish.
resistant to abrasion that two-part epoxy. While end users and engineers rely on applicable AWWA
A final property that can sometimes be overlooked is the standards to form the basis for many valve specifications, it is
coating’s ability to resist internal buildup of sludge or debris important to understand that these are set forth as a minimum
commonly found in water and wastewater applications. To guideline. Based on the properties discussed in this article, it
compare the performance of the various coatings, a case study is easy to see why fusion bonded epoxy is commonly specified
was performed at a treatment plant. Three 50.8 mm AWWA as an interior and exterior coating in water and wastewater
C512 combination air valves, each with different coatings, were applications.
installed on similar sized sewage lines which see the same flows
and pressures over the same time. The valves were coated as For more information, contact Mike Di Lallo, Syntec Process
follows: one with two-part epoxy, one with fusion bonded Equipment. Email: miked@syntecpe.com

WASTEWATER
New pumping system solves wastewater

pump station clogging problems
O
ne Midwestern city is responsi- significantly smaller footprint.
ble for the operation and mainte- The Concertor system was installed
nance of two wastewater treatment and began operation in July 2015.
facilities, servicing a population During installation, the city would
of 40,000, that treat an average of 16.5 not allow modification to the existing
million litres per day. control panel. The existing motor starter
The city also has 27 sanitary stations and pump protection had to remain in
and three stormwater stations, which place in the event the old pump had
use over 65 pumps, some of which were to be reinstalled. Concertor does not
installed in the late 1980s. Each of these require these items to operate, so slight
stations is subject to routine inspections modifications were required to make it
to ensure their proper operation and work with the existing station controls.
maintenance. A comprehensive review Regardless, installation was smooth and
of each operating system is conducted it took only a few hours to install the
to assure uninterrupted operation. As pump and control. Flygt’s engineering
part of the minor capital improvement group sized the new system based on
process, lift stations are renovated and information provided.
The new Flygt Concertor pump ready for
updated prior to the equipment reach- Since installation, inspections have
installation in a lift station.
ing the end of its service life. Updated revealed very little sediment and grit
technology is installed to maximize effi- buildup. Also, varying start levels have
ciency and prevent system failures. By integrating a control system that prevented grease ring buildup in the
The city was faced with occasional can automatically adapt to the chang- station, a great benefit.
blockage problems at one of its lift ing wastewater environment, an opti- Staff previously performed station
stations, due to flows containing flush- mal level of performance is delivered, clean out every three to four months.
able wipes and miscellaneous debris. while significantly reducing total cost The new system did not require clean
They contacted Xylem, who recom- of ownership. The built-in intelligence out for eight months and it has elimi-
mended Concertor, which combines a makes it quicker and easier to set up and nated all clogging issues.
fully integrated control system with IE4 operate functions that would otherwise
motor efficiency, Adaptive N-hydraulics, require a very sophisticated monitoring For more information, visit:
and intelligent functionalities. and control system, all achieved with a www.xyleminc.com
Electronic Water Treatment System

Eliminates Limescale Deactivates Bacteria
Reduces Chemicals Reduces Struvite
Stops Biofouling Eliminates Algae
Reduces Corrosion Enhances Filtration
Environmentally Friendly Solutions for:
Cooling Towers, Humidification Systems, Ammonia Strippers,
Dewatering Processes, Boiler Systems, Heat Exchangers
Dealer Inquiries Welcome

1-877-477-FLOW (3569)
info@hydroflowcanada.com
www.hydroflowcanada.com

The next evolution in decanter
centrifuge technology
Flottweg will unveil its new dewatering machine at the IFAT 2018 and WEF Residuals & Biosolids shows. Recuvanes®, double
cone scroll, deep pond design and Simp-Drive® are just a few of the Flottweg innovations installed in more than 11,000 decanters
worldwide. The Xelletor System is the next evolution.
The new Xelletor System:

• Increases your throughput up to 15%
• Reduces the volume of biosolids by as much as 10% due to drier cake
• Saves up to 20% in energy and polymer consumption
Flottweg would like to invite you to visit us at IFAT 2018 in Munich May 14–18 or WEF Residuals & Biosolids in Phoenix
May 15 –18 to experience the new Xelletor System firsthand.
Perfecting the power to spin waste from water
Flottweg Separation Technology, Inc. • 10700 Toebben Drive • Independence, KY 41051 • Phone 859-448-2300 • Fax 859-448-2333 • sales@flottweg.net • www.flottweg.com
WASTEWATER
Bridging prevention during sludge pumping

Solves several operational problems
B
ridging is a stubborn issue in sew-
age sludge handling applications
that occurs when thick and dry
dewatered sludge cakes together.
Once sludge sticks together, bridges
between the side walls form as sludge
falls into the hopper of a pump and
starts to stick to the side walls above the
pump auger.
These bridges can prevent additional
sludge from falling into the pump by
blocking off the opening, thereby ceas-
ing pump operation. As sludge piles up
on top of the bridge, it backs up the pro-
cess until eventually it overflows out of
the hopper or triggers an alarm.
When this happens, this stage of the
plant must shut down until a mainte-
nance crew can break down the bridge
over the pump auger, clean up any over-
flowed sludge, reset alarms, and pump
the overflow sludge manually until the
sludge feed is back within normal oper-
ating parameters. Depending on the Top: A NETZSCH NM BP. Bottom: A NETZSCH NM BF with aBP-Module.
plant setup and failure modes, delays to
plant operations can last anywhere from uses single or dual paddle wheels, resting the wall dynamics and keep it free from
an hour to a day. above the pump auger. While somewhat bridging. Moreover, the wheels are very
An even more troubling issue caused effective, bridging can still form above the close to the sides so as not to interfere
by sludge bridging occurs if the pump paddles, or between them and the pump with the sludge flow into the pump. As
continues to run without any sludge auger. As the paddles are in the direct the wheels are to the sides and not in the
feeding into it. Its stator will heat up and, flow path of the sludge, they can collect product flow path, there is no buildup of
if the pump is not switched off in time, it a buildup of hair, rags, or other materials sludge, hair, rags, or other materials
can be destroyed. Stator damage causes that can get wrapped around the shafts, The aBP-Module® is typically used for
the entire pump to fail, requiring repairs which requires routine maintenance. sludges with solids content ranging from
and extensive plant downtime. Typi- Another common anti-bridging tech- roughly 20% – 40% and uses one quar-
cally, plants have safeguards in place in nology present in pump systems is vibra- ter of the power needed by traditional
order to avoid dry running and resultant tors. These devices vibrate the walls and technologies, according to NETZSCH.
pump damage, although occasionally the sludge media so as to prevent sludge It requires zero maintenance due to
these safeguards are not sufficient and buildup. However, vibrators decrease in buildup or bridging, and lessens the
damage occurs anyway. efficacy as solids percentage and sludge chance of the pump running dry. It
With the growing need to remove stickiness increases. is compatible with all of NETZSCH’s
more water from sludge cake for effi- ®
The aBP-Module , designed and pat- open hopper pump models and can be
cient sludge handling, the percentage ented by NETZSCH for sludge handling, adapted to hoppers of all sizes. For very
of solids in it is increasingly high. This creates the effect of a moving wall with large hoppers, the wheels can be doubled
higher percentage of solids, however, the use of spoked wheels. By having the or tripled as needed.
causes sludge to be stickier and harder to wheels rotate into the auger feed zone,
convey, therefore exacerbating bridging. bridges do not have enough time to form. For more information, visit
A number of pump companies incor- If they do form, they are carried along to www.netzsch.com
porate bridge-breaking technology into the auger by the wheels, thus breaking
their sludge handling systems. The tradi- the bridge as it engages the auger.
tional type of bridge-breaking technology The spoked wheels continually change

WASTEWATER
New ultrasonic flow meters make biogas

measurements manageable
I
ncreased interest in renewable energies information. This is what creates a great sudden temperature drops can occur
has caused a boom in the construction challenge for many operators. when new sludge is fed into the fermen-
of biogas plants. Traditionally, biogas tation tank.
in these plants is a product of the DIFFICULT MEASURING PARAMETERS Flow measurement technology has
fermentation of sludge from wastewater Depending on the bio feedstock and tried to meet these special measurement
treatment plants and landfills. process, biogas contains only about 50% requirements with the help of different
Nowadays, other bio feedstock, such – 70% methane. The remaining portion measuring methods. Thermal mass flow
as waste from cattle farming and other is made up of 30% – 50% carbon dioxide meters are still the most commonly used
agricultural operations, is also used to (CO2) and smaller amounts of oxygen measuring devices in the biogas indus-
produce biogas. This gas is generally (O2), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and try. Ultrasonic flow meters have always
used in combined heat and power plants nitrogen (N2). In addition, biogas can been particularly well suited to biogas
to directly generate electricity and heat contain up to 5% – 6% free liquid water, applications, as they provide a full tran-
using a gas engine. More and more, since it is saturated with water during sit without loss of pressure or any nega-
biogas is reworked to grid quality to fermentation. This gets into the pipeline tive effect on the flow and they can cover
supply into the gas grid. following cooling down and leaving the a wide measuring range.
When it comes to using biogas, the fermentation tank. Much has been learned in measuring
methane content (CH4) is crucial. Oper- When dissolved in water, H2S creates a technology from the experience with
ating gas engines in a combined heat and corrosive solution in the pipeline. In addi- biogas applications. KROHNE have devel-
power plant smoothly and efficiently can tion to high moisture, resistance to corro- oped a new generation of ultrasonic flow
only be guaranteed when there is biogas sion must also be taken into consider- meters that specifically target the high
with a minimum methane content. ation when selecting a measuring device. requirements of biogas applications.
The plant operator must therefore be Bacteria can also be deposited in the
familiar with the composition and quan- flow meter during biogas measurement. For more information, email:
tity of the biogas used. This is especially Temperatures can range from slightly r.lowrie@krohne.com
true when biogas deliveries to gas grid above ambient levels up to 50°C. Pressure
operators are used in custody transfer is typically 50 to 60 mbar.
applications. Since the methane content However, process conditions can vary
of biogas can vary greatly, plant oper- greatly. For example, when measure-
ators rely on continuous and reliable ment is done directly after fermentation,
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REMEDIATION
Evaluating the effectiveness of chemical

precipitation for mining wastewater
By Lynda Smithard
T
o support the Environmental Assess-necessary, to a suitable pH for discharge DATA GAPS SPECIFIC TO
ment (EA) of a new gold mine proj- to the creek. CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN
ect in British Columbia, McCue The preliminary chemical treatment Regarding theoretical end points of
Engineering Contractors completed program consisted of pH adjustment chemical programs, no information was
the preliminary design of a mine water and metal hydroxide precipitation, metal available for:
treatment plant, using a water profile mod-
hydroxide precipitation or sulphide pre- • Aluminum, cobalt and manganese,
eled for a future open pit sump. The water
cipitation, coagulation, flocculation and single stage hydroxide process, at pH =
profile was complex and the treatment pH neutralization. 10.5 – 11.5
plan specified by the mine included heavy Subsequent bench-scale tests helped • Cobalt and manganese, two-stage
metals removal by chemical precipitation.determine whether the two-stage chem- hydroxide process, at pH = 8 – 9 / 10.5
ical treatment process should include – 11.5
PRELIMINARY TREATMENT hydroxide precipitation optimized at • Cobalt, two-stage hydroxide/sulphide
The preliminary treatment process for two target pH ranges or a hydroxide process, at pH = 8 – 9 / 10.5 – 11.5
the mine-affected water consisted of a precipitation stage followed by sulphide • No or negligible estimated removal
two-stage metals precipitation, coagula- precipitation. Plant effluent quality was for antimony, chromium and copper for
tion, and flocculation chemical program, predicted largely based on published all three processes.
followed by settling in ponds for solids theoretical heavy metal solubility data. The regulatory agencies reviewing
removal. Following the second settling the EA and other project stakeholders,
pond, the water would be buffered, as continued overleaf…

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WASTEWATER TREATMENT
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• Microwave Density
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• Spectrophotometric Online
• Spectrophotometric Laboratory
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• Ultrasonic Doppler – Transit Time
• Insertion/Immersion/Clamp-On
• Venture/Flume Partially Filled Conduit
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• Portable or Stationary
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• Integrated Billing System
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REMEDIATION
copper and zinc during the excavation

phase of a major infrastructure project.
McCue successfully removed heavy
metals from contaminated groundwater
to meet both provincial and federal sur-
face water quality standards for a marine
discharge. Strict standards, particularly
for copper and zinc, the presence of salts
(from seawater intrusion), and construc-
tion activities in the excavation made
the water treatment project technically
challenging.
The bench tests performed were mod-
eled on the metals precipitation tests
previously completed for the gold mine
project. Following the bench-scale test
program, McCue rapidly deployed a full-
scale metals precipitation plant at the Port
project site. Results from the full-scale
Nine leachate water samples were mixed together to make one homogenized sample.
water treatment plant operation indicated
better performance than at a bench-scale.
including local First Nations, requested mony, arsenic, barium, chromium and Furthermore, they proved that metals
more, site-specific information to address iron were then increased or spiked using precipitation is a viable method for reduc-
the uncertainty as to what could be laboratory-grade metal salts. ing heavy metals, including copper.
achieved with water treatment and what The chemical program selectively
impact the treated water would have on BENCH-SCALE TEST PROGRAM removed heavy metal ions, while permit-
the local environment. The bench-scale test program had the ting sodium and chloride ions to pass
To address uncertainty with the treat- primary objective of selecting a chemical through and be discharged to the marine
ment process and improve the inputs for program by testing the efficacy of single environment, resulting in a significant
the impact assessment model, McCue cre- stage hydroxide precipitation, two-stage cost saving for the property owner and
ated a synthetic water sample from field hydroxide precipitation and two-stage a significant reduction in carbon foot-
leachate samples and laboratory-grade hydroxide/sulphide precipitation process. print by reducing the quantity of waste
salts to match the modeled plant inlet Each also incorporated a coagulant. disposal required.
water profile. The synthetic water sample Performance of each metal precipita- Results from McCue’s bench-scale tests
was used to develop and validate a chem- tion process was evaluated by compar- and the subsequent full-scale water treat-
ical water treatment process at a bench- ing the target dissolved metal concen- ment plant have contributed to the body
scale and provide effluent quality data for trations in last-stage supernatant water of knowledge for heavy metals precipi-
impact assessment modeling. The bench- samples of each test, against the end of tation treatment performance for anti-
scale test program also provided valuable pipe treatment targets. mony, chromium and copper. Previously,
data to advance the design of the mine literature indicated that no or negligi-
water treatment plant from preliminary COMPARISON TO ble removal could be achieved for these
to detailed. LITERATURE FINDINGS parameters using chemical precipitation.
Bench testing results demonstrated This work fills in many data gaps in
SYNTHETIC WATER SAMPLE better metal removal rates and lower dis- the theoretical end points for water treat-
Four iterations of synthetic water solved metals concentrations than the ment by metals precipitation. It has pro-
samples were prepared to fit the pit preliminary “Theoretical and Predicted vided valuable data on metals precipita-
sump water treatment plant inlet water End Points” and included the removal of tion performance that could benefit EA
profile. Nine leachate water samples were antimony, chromium and copper. work at other mine sites globally.
mixed together to make one homoge-
nized sample at McCue’s facility. Once FULL-SCALE WTP PERFORMANCE Lynda Smithard, P.Eng., is with
homogenized, samples were collected for A few months after the bench test, McCue Engineering Contractors.
analyses of total metals, dissolved metals, McCue had the opportunity to validate Space limitations precluded the
TSS, anions and nutrients. the chemical precipitation process with publication of detailed chemical pre-
Based on the analytical results, McCue a full-scale water treatment system at a and post-treatment analysis tables.
diluted the homogenized leachate water metals contaminated site in Metro Van- For more information, visit:
sample using deionized water at a ratio couver, B.C. The site required temporary www.mccuecontracting.com
of 1:4. Concentrations of dissolved anti- treatment of water contaminated with

WATER TREATMENT
ing. It is Rayleigh scattering that occurs

when light scatters off the air molecules
in our atmosphere that causes the sky to
appear blue. Rayleigh scattering is more
dependent on wavelength.
A general rule with Rayleigh scatter-
ing is that shorter wavelengths are more
effectively scattered relative to longer
wavelengths of light. This means that a
turbidimeter with a longer wavelength
of incident light will read slightly lower
(because it is less sensitive) than a tur-
bidimeter with a shorter wavelength of
incident light.
So what does all this light scatter mean?
When looking at real-world samples, they
are composed of particles that are a mix
in sizes. This size mixture will generate
light scatter in all directions, including
the regulatory scatter angle of 90° (for
Why different light sources are turbidimeter compliance). The detection

angle of 90° is sensitive to both Mie and
needed for process turbidimeters

Rayleigh particle scatter for turbidimeters
that use light in the 400-900 nm range.
When a calibration is performed, any
differences in light scatter between instru-
By Michael J. Sadar
ment types are further normalized by the
calibration standard. The important char-
T
urbidity is simply based on the up the incident light beam. The scattering acteristic of the turbidity calibrant is that
scatter of an incident light beam by is non-uniform around the particle and it is composed of particles that cause both
materials that are contained within is disproportionally in the forward direc- Mie and Rayleigh scatter. Formazin tur-
a fluid matrix. There are two basic tion (versus the 90° direction). bidity standards (or stabilized versions of
types of light scatter to consider. Smaller particles, whose size is approx- formazin) contain a broad range of par-
Mie scatter is caused by the scattering imately 0.10 the wavelength of the inci- ticles that cover both Mie and Rayleigh
of light off particles that are at least as big, dent light, will scatter more symmetri- scatter principles and help to normalize
or bigger, as the wavelength(s) that make cally. This is known as Rayleigh scatter- the detector response, regardless of the

wavelength of incident light used. turbidimeters can impact the measure- This article is excerpted from a
Thus, the detector angle, detector view ment floor of the instrument. It is import- whitepaper recently produced by
area, and the use of a turbidity calibrant ant to understand the intended applica- Tintometer about the performances of
that causes both Mie and Rayleigh scat- tion and its respective measurement goals its PTV Series of process turbidimeters,
ter will normalize the effects of light prior to selection of the turbidimeter. which use three different incident light
scatter from these different light sources. sources. These different light sources
Michael J. Sadar is with Tintometer are needed to meet different regulatory
COLOUR Inc. They are represented in Canada by requirements. Download the full
Colour in samples can be caused by Cleartech. www.cleartech.ca whitepaper at: www.esemag.com/water/
dissolved materials or by particles if process-turbidimeters
they are capable of absorbing light. If
the incident light beam contains wave-
lengths that are absorbed by these com-
ponents in a sample, the quantity of light
available to be scattered decreases. This
will cause a negative interference in the THE
turbidity response.
STRAY LIGHT
Stray Light is defined as light that
reaches the scattered light detector in a
turbidimeter that is not caused by par-
ticle scattering in the sample. Stray light
is a positive interference. This can be
caused by internal reflections of incident
light after it passes through the view SYSTEM FOR HDPE PIPE
volume of the turbidimeter’s sample
chamber. Light that is not columnated
(it diverges) after it leaves its source
can often miss an internal light trap (if THE FASTEST WAY
designed into a turbidimeter) and even-
tually reflect back into the detector.
TO JOIN HDPE PIPE —
Light that is polychromatic (has many NO IFS, ANDS,
different wavelengths) will more readily OR BUTTS.
diverge from parallelism than will a light
source that is monochromatic (typically
is composed of one wavelength). Thus, a
white light source will have more stray
light than a single wavelength light source.
Stray light is very difficult to quan-
tify because there is always some true
light scatter in the purist of samples.
What can be performed is to compare
measurements between technologies
on a sample stream of essentially par-
ticle-free water. Particle-free water can
be prepared through the filtration of tap
water that is passed through a series of
sub-micron filters to remove virtually all
the insoluble and some soluble materials.
CONCLUSIONS
When measuring very low turbidity refuse-to-fuse.com
levels, the selection of the turbidime- © 2018 VICTAULIC COMPANY.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
ter can have an impact on the reporting
results. Aside from regulatory design
requirements, the spectral output of the

WATER
Reliable gate valve operation depends on

sound utility operations
V
alves are arguably the most criti-
cal components of a water system.
They are necessary for supplying
water for residential and commer-
cial use, allowing operators to control
flow and isolate sections of pipeline
systems for maintenance and repair, or
to isolate pressure zones. They may seem
simple, but valves come in all shapes and
sizes, containing complex components
tailored for different uses.
Of all the various types, gate valves
are the most common within water
distribution systems. When fully open,
they provide almost unrestricted flow
because the gates are pulled fully up into
the bonnet. However, when improperly
selected, installed or maintained, they are
prone to failure, which can have signifi-
cant health, cost and convenience reper- Cut-off gate valves being used, while utility workers fix a broken water main.
cussions for both the utility and the public.
Fortunately, future issues can be
avoided if the following considerations but the thickness needed as well. Whether cient and easy manual operation of the
are made during the decision-making and via liquid or fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE), valves is critical.
specification process and during installa- the interior coating should conform to To avoid damage to the valves, it is
tion and maintenance of the gate valves. AWWA C550, while the industry stan- important to ensure that no outside
These considerations are applicable dard for exterior coating (not governed by debris is allowed into the pipeline during
for metal-seated gate valves adhering C550) is 8 – 12 mils. installation or repair of the valve by
to AWWA Standard C500, as well resil- Quality components should also municipal staff, contractors, or even by
ient wedge (RW) gate valves adhering be specified to keep out debris. Debris kids throwing rocks into an open pipe-
to C509 (cast iron/ductile iron) or C515 leads to corrosion, which ultimately line. Proper oversight and careful execu-
(ductile iron). They are classified in linear leads to galling or binding. When this tion are the keys to preventing this from
fashion to denote tasks recommended happens, the valve may barely move or happening.
before, during, and after installation. even not at all. Providing proper stem There is often natural sediment in
covers, dirt seals (also known as wiper the pipeline; however, that is unavoid-
BEFORE INSTALLATION rings), O-rings and gaskets are the most able. If the debris accumulates in the
The first step is to have a robust perfor- important ways to help keep out debris. bottom and solidifies, it will create an
mance specification that covers epoxy It is often overlooked or taken for obstruction in the travel of the wedge
linings and coatings, stainless steel fasten- granted that the right product is on-site. of the valve and make it harder to oper-
ers, grade of rubber, type of seals (e.g., ate, requiring more torque and causing
Therefore, it is a good idea to be sure that
flat gaskets or O-rings), torque require- the documentation for the gate valve the actuators to break. To make sure the
ments, gear ratio, etc. Be specific not just matches the specifications, prior to it debris doesn’t solidify, exercise valves on
on AWWA Standards, but also on NSF/ being installed. a regular cycle.
FM/UL certifications and approvals to Using a larger size valve box concrete
ensure quality materials in accordance DURING INSTALLATION vault for access to the stem can save
with the specific application, and any Gate valve installation in the verti- considerable time, effort and money
unique conditions such as corrosive soil or cal (stem) position is always preferred. later by allowing for stem change outs
high-temperature water. Installing on a horizontal line with the without excavation.
It is also important to defend gate valves stem and wedge vertical, especially for Some gate valves open left and some
against corrosion and debris by specifying larger valves, allows gravity to do some open right. Ideally, all the gate valves in
not only an NSF-approved epoxy system, of the work. Also, allowing room for effi- a distribution system will open the same

way, but at a minimum you want to know consult this documentation to uncover CONCLUSION
which ones might be backward (i.e., the underlying issues and create a better With continuous diligence, before,
opposite the majority). During installa- specification. during, and after installation, aided by
tion, note the colour of the operating nut; Sometimes it becomes necessary to the above recommendations, utilities can
a red nut indicates that the valve opens break through asphalt to reach the valve make sure their gate valves operate as
to the right, while a black nut indicates box because it was paved over during required and for a long time.
that it opens to the left. road resurfacing. To avoid this, the valve
box needs to be raised to grade for contin- For more information, email:
AFTER INSTALLATION ued accessibility. This should be a contrac- more-info@muellercanada.com
Valve cycling is exercise for valves, so it tor requirement per the repaving contract.
is prudent to open and close each one to
not only verify operation, but to ensure
that they remain running smoothly
by clearing out debris. Once per year
is acceptable, and twice per year even
better. However, short-staffed operations
may find any cycling program difficult
to schedule. Some utilities may, therefore,
outsource the task to contractors.
AWWA M44 Distribution Valves is a
valuable field manual, offering updated
information on valve selection and instal-
lation, as well as the importance of loca-
tion, condition and frequency of operation.
Documenting all issues will help with
future decisions. If a valve fails, note
the year of the valve, the manufacturer,
the type of failure, etc. At review time,
staff can leverage that knowledge and
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WASTEWATER
State-of-the-art secondary clarifier design

includes proven features from yesteryear
By J. Fitzpatrick, J. Barnard, A. Chan, P. Coleman and B. Moghadam
T
he third edition of Leonard Metcalf the clarifier creates turbulence that can fore, the sludge blanket rises and “burps”
and Harrison Eddy’s American disturb the settling conditions and creates solids into the final effluent. The blanket
Sewerage Practice, Volume III, a “density waterfall” that interferes with the then returns to its former level. Currents
Disposal of Sewage was published removal of sludge from the clarifier. in the clarifier or the nature of the solids
in 1935. In it, the authors said that: “In The flow then travels across the top of (e.g., bulking sludge or failure to thicken)
the activated sludge process, the design of the sludge blanket, creating a sheer force can prevent the clarifier from achieving
satisfactory means of introducing influ- that lifts solids out of the blanket into this mass balance.
ent into final-sedimentation tanks and the flow leaving the clarifier. The current Finally, the flow into the clarifier will
removing effluent from them offer special splits near the peripheral wall of the clar- vary over the day or during a storm event.
problems. It is essential to prevent the ifier, creating an upwards current that For example, at the start of a wet weather
setting up of currents that will carry light lifts solids into the final effluent and an event, flow will increase the mass of solids
flocculent activated sludge out with the inward and downward flowing current being sent to the clarifier. The sludge
effluent in undesirable quantities.” of slightly denser sludge that transports blanket will rise and fall to store these
It is as large of a mistake now, as it was solids to the return activated sludge solids. The clarifier must feed these solids
then, to assume that secondary clarifiers hopper (a moving sludge blanket). back to the system in a less dramatic way
in an activated sludge process are simple Secondary clarifiers can fail in one of than it received them to avoid creating a
settling tanks like primary clarifiers. three ways. Firstly, currents created by recirculating “sludge wave”.
After all, the basins and equipment used the flow leaving the clarifier lift solids If the blanket starts to rise to the
in these two different processes look very into the final effluent. In simple terms, bottom of the flocculation well baffle,
similar in many cases. However, the two the rate of the upward flow exceeds the short-circuiting may take place where
applications have four subtle but signifi- rate at which the particles settle. the less dense mixed liquor is drawn
cant differences, as shown in Table 1. Secondly, the sludge removal mech- down to the sludge hopper, increasing
These differences result in four phenom- anism cannot adequately remove the the mass of solids in the final effluent. If
ena that affect the performance of second- mass of solids entering the clarifier at the blanket continues to rise, the clarifier
ary clarifiers. The energy of the flow into the rate at which it is entering. There- continued overleaf…
TABLE 1: Four ways that secondary clarifiers differ from primary clarifiers.
Primary Clarifier Secondary Clarifier

Performance Remove 50% to 60% of the incoming solids Remove >99.5% of the incoming solids
Inlet solids A primary clarifier settles raw sewage particles at an A secondary clarifier settles flocs consisting
inlet concentration less than 400 mg/L. of bacteria, organic material and extracellular
polymers between 2000 to 4000 mg/L.
Type of settling The particles in a primary clarifier initially settle The concentration of particles in a secondary
as discrete particles that begin to coalesce or clarifier is high enough that the settling rate is
flocculate while settling increasing the particle mass hindered by neighboring particles, creating a sludge
and the rate at which the particles settle. water interface (sludge blanket). Settling continues
to the point where the sludge blanket is compressed
under the weight of the sludge above.
Sludge removal The primary clarifier sludge removal flow rate is very The secondary clarifier sludge removal flow rate is
low (<3% of the inlet flow rate) and is intermittent. high (>35% of the inlet flow rate) and is continuous.
The primary sludge pump may come on to empty The return activated sludge concentration is
75% of a large hopper or to run until sludge typically less than 1% solids (5000 – 8000 mg/L).
concentration drops to less than 2% solids. The
pump will run more often delivering thinner sludge
if the primary sludge is being thickened separately.

RELIABILITY
WHEN IT’S NEEDED MOST.
350psi A-2361 Resilient Wedge Gate Valve:
Easy to Open. Easy to Close. Tough to Replicate.
Utilities are concerned with the safe operation and stopping ability
of their vehicles. Without properly selected, installed and maintained
brakes, the risk of life and property loss greatly increases. Gate
valves in water distribution systems are no different; only the most
reliable gate valves should be used. That’s why water utilities prefer
Mueller’s 350psi A-2361 all-ductile iron resilient wedge gate valve.
This triple-listed gate valve is AIS-compliant, easy to handle, and has
a pressure-assist wedge geometry. These unique features combine to
assure a rapid seal when it’s needed most.
Dual purpose lifting lugs

• Improved site safety; aligns valve box and
eliminates adaptor
§ Internal components interchangeable

with installed A-2300 series valves
• No additional inventory required
350psi AWWA/UL/FM working pressure

• Meets the increasing demands of higher
water main pressures
T-head bolt retention

• Eliminates the need for anti-rotation bolts
Pressure-assist wedge geometry

• Less torque required to seal
For more information about Mueller or to learn more about the 350psi ductile iron gate valve,
call 705.719.9965, email:moreinfo@muellercanada.com or visit www.muellercanada.com
Copyright © 2018 Mueller Canada, LTD All Rights Reserved.

The trademarks, logos and service marks displayed in this document herein are the property of Mueller Co., LLC, its affiliates or other third parties. Products above marked with a section symbol ( § ) are
subject to patents or patent applications. For details, visit www.mwppat.com. These products are intended for use in potable water applications. Please contact your Mueller Sales or Customer Service
Representative concerning any other application(s).
WASTEWATER
experiences thickening failure. the 1935 Edition of the Manual of Sewage service today. Some outperform clarifi-
There are three changes that can be Equipment are still important today: ers using newer technology.
made in clarifier internals to eliminate • Central, decelerated feed, causing heavi- An analysis of what is happening in
these effects. These include an energy est particles to settle close to the sludge these clarifiers raised a number of ques-
dissipating inlet, a feedwell floor baffle, hopper tions about the depth of the floc well
or peripheral effluent launder wall baffles. • Gentle subsurface diffusion, assuring and whether the sludge blanket near the
quiescent radial flow without turbulence sludge hopper needs to be protected.
ENERGY DISSIPATING INLETS or plunging For example, the side outlet low
Two of the benefits listed in an adver- Many clarifiers built at this time and energy (SOLE) design by Dr. James
tisement for the Dorr “Sifeed” Clarifier in even later with similar inlets are in Barnard for a shallow clarifier does not
use a flocculation baffle. This clarifier
sustained loadings up to 7.6 kg/m2 per
hour (37.3 ppd/ft2). The clarifiers with
the inlet designed in 1938 for the Stick-
ney WRF sustained similar loadings.
In the Stickney case, the outlet pipe
flares open, creating some turbulent
flow which breaks momentum energy,
allowing some flocculation. Openings
through the bridge support structure are
larger than that of the pipe so there is no
restriction in flow.
J O I Energy-dissipating inlets (EDI) have
N
T H become standard practice in second-
E ary clarifier design in North America. A
decrease in inlet velocity results from verti-
R
cal slots in the inlet pipe. A variety of EDI

E
G
styles have been developed over the years.

E N
Impinging exit ports offer some advantage

to more conventional tangential ports.
E R
A T I O N
FEEDWELL FLOOR BAFFLE

The feedwell floor baffle was orig-
inally proposed in the 1970s by Dr.
Ross McKinney from the University of
Kansas and has become standard prac-
tice in Germany, with some in Britain.
Recent computational fluid dynamic
(CFD) modeling and full-scale trials by the
Metropolitan Water Reclamation District
of Greater Chicago have confirmed the
baffle’s ability to reduce density currents
in the region where the sludge is with-
drawn from the clarifier. This simple baffle
SAVE THE DATES 91st Annual Water Environment
Federation Technical Exhibition &
also protects the sludge blanket from
Registration Opens Conference scour and is most effective for clarifiers
April 17, 2018 New Orleans Morial Convention Center equipped with scraping sludge collectors
New Orleans, Louisiana
with small sludge hoppers.
Conference:
Best Rate Deadline September 29 – October 3, 2018 For best effect, the operator must
July 12, 2018
Exhibition:
either control the sludge blanket to just
October 1 – 3, 2018 touch the horizontal plate, or adjust the
depth of the plate and flocculation skirt
based on the sludge blanket level.
www.weftec.org #WEFTEC18
EFFLUENT LAUNDERS AND
PERIPHERAL BAFFLES
Inward projecting peripheral effluent

launders and baffles have become stan-
dard practice in clarifier designs to help
minimize solids carryover from “wall
creep” and related hydrodynamics near
basin sidewalls. The baffle comes in vari-
ous forms, depending on whether it is
integrated with the underside of an inte-
rior launder (e.g., McKinney Lincoln
Baffle) or is retrofitted onto the side-
wall of an existing clarifier with exterior
launder (e.g., Stamford baffle).
CONCLUSIONS
Secondary clarifier phenomena that impact clarifier performance.
Black & Veatch recently included
these design features for two wastewater
plant retrofit projects. Although many of ing clarifiers, Black & Veatch concluded ulate flocculation and avoid floc breakup.
these features were originally developed that the inlet design philosophy for The final conclusion is that the
for circular geometry, the same concepts circular, rectangular, “squircle” (square McKinney floor baffle inlet is a better
have also been applied to rectangular circular clarifiers) and multi – “squircle” approach than the current North Amer-
geometry as well. The incorporation tanks is similar. ican design approach with an EDI, espe-
of these features optimizes the perfor- They also feel that mixed liquor cially for shallow clarifiers.
mance of secondary clarifiers, particu- should be fed into the clarifier at the
larly when they are pushed to the upper lowest point the sludge blanket allows J. Fitzpatrick, J. Barnard, A. Chan, P.
end of their loading range by peak wet and that the SOLE, Chicago, UK and Coleman and B. Moghadam are with
weather flows. German inlet designs, which feature a Black & Veatch. For more information,
From these modifications and exist- vertical inlet pipe without an EDI, stim- email: ColemanPF@BV.com
The fully portable PowerPack PP1 is a single operator inertial

pump actuator that is powerful enough to lift water from
depths of over 60m* and yet is so compact and lightweight
at 13kg, that it fits onto a backpack frame — providing
outstanding pumping performance and a big boost to your
field sampling program.
• incorporates clamps for High Flow and Standard Flow tubing sizes & enables
more sustained & deeper pumping than is possible by manual operation
• fully adjustable — will adapt to almost any size casing or protective well
casing
• perfect for purging & sampling 2" diameter monitoring wells up to 150-
200 feet deep or when developing monitoring wells
• eliminates the fatigue that can be experienced on large monitoring
programs
• can be used with flush grade well completions
*using Standard Inertial Pump tubing and valves

WASTEWATER
Nova Scotia resort utilizes on-site

distributed wastewater disposal systems
By Allison Blodig
F
orest Lakes Country Club is a
four-season resort community under
construction in Ardoise, just outside
Halifax, Nova Scotia. The develop-
ment will ultimately include 2,700 sin-
gle-family, townhouse and multi-unit res-
idential units, the only Nicklaus Design
championship golf course in Atlantic
Canada, and a village centre with com-
mercial and retail operations. Several of
the resort’s neighborhoods will be adja-
cent to the golf course.
The Forest Lakes village centre will
be accessible from all areas of the resort
and will include retail shops, cafes, hotels,
restaurants, a family entertainment centre,
and a spa and wellness centre for residents
and non-residents. Additionally, three soils, with no centralized municipal sewer including the wastewater collection, treat-
lakes, a boathouse, walking trails and a or wastewater treatment infrastructure. ment and disposal approach, had to min-
horse riding area will all appeal to those In developing the Forest Lakes project, imize environmental impact, while facili-
looking to live in a natural setting, with the Terra Firma Development Corporation tating the growth of the development over
traditional housing, services and amenities embraced a low impact strategy that time.
typical of a modern municipal community would retain the rural nature of the area,
development. while providing a wide range of housing SUSTAINABLE BUILDING FOCUS
The Ardoise area’s topography includes units and recreational opportunities. The homes at Forest Lakes incorporate
wetlands, rocky areas and a variety of The resort site development plans, the latest in sustainable building prac-

tices to reduce energy and water con-
sumption. The developer is a member of
the Canada Green Building Council.
Due to the overall size of the resort
community and the wide range of devel-
opments at the site, traditional on-site
wastewater treatment was not a viable
option for most of the community. Min-
imum lot sizes for individual dispersal
fields would have greatly impacted lot
sizing and layout and reduced valuable
and developable area that might other-
wise be available for housing units, green
spaces and resort facilities. Instead, the
developer chose cluster-type configu-
rations with large green spaces between
and around homes and recreational areas. The initial neighborhood system, serving 50 single family and semi-detached homes, is designed to
This enabled planned residential treat a peak flow of 51,200 litres per day of residential sanitary wastewater.
and recreational development, while
also protecting environmentally sensi-
tive areas. It simplified the provision of the use of recycled or reclaimed water for hood wastewater treatment systems.
essential water, sewer and other utility irrigation. The initial neighborhood system, serv-
services. Large open spaces in the clus- ing 50 single family and semi-detached
tered neighbourhood development also WASTEWATER TREATMENT homes, is designed to treat a peak flow of
provided better opportunities for locat- SYSTEM SPECIFICS 51,200 litres per day of residential sanitary
ing dispersal areas to minimize any pos- Each neighbourhood at Forest Lakes wastewater. It includes a watertight septic
sibility of adverse environmental impact. utilizes a decentralized wastewater collec- tank effluent pump (STEP) pressurized
The Nicklaus Design golf course incor- tion, treatment and disposal system. A key effluent sewer collection system that deliv-
porates the wide-ranging topography of design consideration for these systems ers primary effluent via small-diameter
the area, including forests, lakes, ponds, was that they work reliably in the northern, mainlines to an AdvanTex AX100 sec- ®
rock outcroppings and natural wetlands. maritime climate typical of Nova Scotia. ondary wastewater treatment plant .
Its design aims to enhance the surround- WSP Canada’s project engineers worked Treated effluent from the AX100 sys-
ing environment and minimize environ- ®
with Orenco Systems , Inc. and Infiltrator tem is directed into the dispersal system
mental impacts by incorporating sustain- distributor, Atlantic Purification Systems dosing tank where it is pumped, on a
able landscaping principles to maximize Ltd., to design several of the neighbor- continued overleaf…

WASTEWATER
timed and intermittent basis using pressurized micro-dosing, to while providing savings on traditional materials and associated
a multi-celled, soil dispersal system that incorporates Infiltrator transportation costs. The chamber beds provide improved main-
™
Quick4 Plus Standard Chamber laterals in an area bed arrange- tenance access and additional storage compared to traditional
ment. The area beds provide on-site secondary effluent dispersal methods. The open bottom chamber system design preserves the
and treatment in two cells, each with five zones. A hydraulic dis- infiltrative capabilities of the soils, which is especially helpful on
tributing valve at the head of each cell automatically and sequen- larger sites where construction traffic is common.
tially directs the pumped flow to the appropriate zone. To minimize impact on usable and buildable areas of the
The AdvanTex AX100 and Infiltrator treatment systems resort, most system tankage, treatment filters, the control
were selected because of the low operation and maintenance building, and ancillary equipment for each neighborhood are
requirement of these passive treatment processes. Infiltrator in the distributed treatment plant area. The dispersal fields are
and Orenco manufacture components that are pre-engineered, located directly adjacent to the treatment plant. A small control
robust, and designed to be readily accessible for inspection, building houses electrical power distribution and system con-
maintenance, removal and/or repair as required. The dispersal trol panel, the flow meter, and associated miscellaneous main-
field, for example, incorporates cleanouts and pressure testing tenance equipment. This facilitates safe and easy access to elec-
components to facilitate periodic inspection and monitoring of trical and controls equipment during all weather conditions.
system conditions. The system is controlled by an Orenco TCOM real-time
AdvanTex AX100 packed-bed textile filters are passive filtra- remote telemetry panel that is capable of 24/7 monitoring and
tion and biological treatment systems, with high loading rates data logging of key equipment and plant conditions. It can
resulting in a footprint that is several times smaller than tradi- email alarm notifications to operators and provide real-time
tional sub-surface contour beds or sand filter treatment options. remote control and adjustment by the operator from any Win-
The modular nature of the AX100 textile filters allows developers dows-based PC with an internet connection.
to defer infrastructure costs by minimizing initial system size and
adding modular treatment capacity to accommodate build out as Allison Blodig, REHS, is with Infiltrator Water Technologies.
the development grows. Email: ablodig@infiltratorwater.com
The Infiltrator chambers simplify large bed construction,
Thompson’S NEW $36.5M WWTP

Construction is underway for the City of Thompson. Man-
itoba’s new $36.5-million centralized wastewater treatment
facility, featuring a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process.
The city currently has a wastewater system built in the early
1960s, and operates a primary plant that treats 70% of the
City’s flows. An aerated lagoon handles the remaining 30%.
With that system beyond its life cycle, the City undertook
significant financial and environmental analysis to find the
best fit for a new one. Following startup and commissioning
of the new centralized plant, existing facilities, including the
lagoon, will be decommissioned.
The new facility will handle all wastewater generated by the
City, up to a projected population of 15,000.
Stantec Consulting Ltd. said that, with proper water con-
servation and maintenance of the sewer collection system to
reduce inflow and infiltration in the future, the City will be
able to improve the strength of the raw wastewater, which will
ultimately favour better denitrification. It is anticipated that the
effluent total nitrogen will vary from 15 mg/L to 25 mg/L.
New force mains and lift station upgrades are also taking
place. The total estimated cost of the project is $36.5 million, with
$12.1 million coming from the New Building Canada Fund’s
Provincial-Territorial Infrastructure Component-National and
Regional Projects, $12.1 million coming from the Government
of Manitoba, and the City of Thompson covering the remaining
amount.

WATER
Quick action needed to get remote mining

community’s water plant back in operation
By George Micevski
A
mining community of some 1,800
people lies off the northwestern
shore of Hudson Bay in Nunavut.
It sits at the end of a freshwater
lake, from which it draws water to be
treated at a local plant.
In September 2016, the systems in the
water treatment plant began to fail. The
computer operating program crashed
and every system in the plant stopped
working. There was no information trans-
mitting to turn on the pumps or open
required valves. The original supplier of
the control panel was unable to address
the situation.
As a short-term measure, the system
was operated manually, but this was not
sustainable.
Tulsar Canada was contracted to fix
the problem. Within 24 hours, a team of
engineers from Tulsar’s southern Ontario
base was on-site to debug the system and Baker Lake is a mining community in Nunavut that draws all of its potable water from a nearby lake.
assess the extent of the problem.
They found that the original control
panel was a mess. Much of its original similar fault occur, the computer was their work, the main system in the plant
wiring had been changed in an effort taught to clear any bugs in the system and its back up were operational. Detailed
to address previous problems over the and continue to run the water plant instructions were created, outlining what
years. But, it was apparent that none of safely and smoothly. was required to ensure the secondary
these tasks were completed by some- The team also identified other poten- back up was repaired and operating.
one familiar with the workings of the tial problems that needed to be addressed The system once again operates without
panel. Most of the re-wiring was done to and provided the community with a list oversight, but is now equipped with more
bypass the panel’s instructions. of spare parts to be kept on hand to than 50 alarms that will alert workers to
This resulted in a conduit being ensure proper maintenance could be required repairs or system failures.
sheared off and wearing against nearby done to keep the plant operational.
wires, causing short circuits. Most of the Tulsar’s team also installed a remote George Micevski is with Tulsar Canada. For
input wiring was disabled, essentially modem in the control panel, enabling more information, email: info@tulsar.com
rendering the control panel useless. engineers anywhere with a cell phone
Using both parts on-hand and some connection to be able to address prob-
that were brought in with the team of lems that may arise. This will eliminate
engineers, Tulsar rewired the system the significant costs of flying in some-
to original specifications and repro- one to deal with them on-site each time.
grammed the operating system to get
it up and running again. The operating RESULTS
system was updated to allow the system Within two hours of arrival, the
to self-recover in the event of a future community’s water treatment plant was
crash. Using a special code to instruct once again automated and working. By
the processor to restart itself should a the time Tulsar’s team had completed

WATER
opportunities were revealed. It appears

that processed satellite images can display
valuable information regarding:
• Estimates of macrophyte biomass, as
well as across its delimitated areas of
interest.
• Monitoring growth of aquatic vegeta-
tion, in particular in plant infested areas.
• Mapping algae and suspended partic-
ulates in the water body.
• Surface temperature mapping of the
water, as well as of the frozen surfaces.
• Snow and ice patterns across the
frozen lake.
• Monitoring the thawing process of
the frozen lake.
AQUATIC VEGETATION MAPPING

Proliferation of milfoils, in particular
of Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum
spicatum) poses a serious environmen-
Analyses of satellite data will be supported by extensive field campaigns, including sampling water tal problem for aquatic habitat in North
quality parameters. America. Eurasian watermilfoil is an
invasive aquatic plant native to Europe,
Asia and northern Africa, which spread
Using satellite technology to rapidly in North America during the

1970s. It is now one of the most widely
distributed invasive aquatic plants on
evaluate lake water quality the continent. The dense plant beds
formed by it reduce biodiversity by
competing aggressively with native
By Daniel Spitzer, Jesse C. Vermaire and Michael Yee plants and reduce oxygen concentra-
tions in the water.
Thick mats of Eurasian watermilfoil
M
odern satellite earth observation Extensive reviews of these technolo- can also hinder recreational activities,
(EO) technologies that include gies, retrieval algorithms and applications such as swimming, boating and fishing.
high resolution multispectral have been published. It has also been Furthermore, dense stands can create
imagery, as well as easy access to previously demonstrated that optical stagnant water, which is an ideal habitat
the collected data, are becoming highly remote sensing technologies can provide for mosquitoes.
attractive for applications dealing with quantitative information regarding water From a climate change point of view,
periodic monitoring of aquatic environ- temperature, water quality, aquatic vege- one should consider that lakes and ponds
ments. The water quality of many Cana- tation biomass, and ice formation and are a large source of atmospheric meth-
dian lakes is tested each year. Along with thawing processes. ane, a potent greenhouse gas. Emissions
the conventional way of sampling the In the past few years, A-MAPS Envi- from lakes are thought to be controlled
water, we can now use satellite technol- ronmental, Carleton University and primarily by temperature and second-
ogies to look at them. Rideau Valley Conservation Authority arily by the availability of labile organic
Optical and infrared satellite remote have gained substantial knowledge and carbon. Aquatic plants provide in situ
sensing of aquatic environments is a modelling skills regarding manipulation carbon sources to lakes and, therefore,
discipline that has been well established and analyses of EO satellite data with can potentially impact rates of methane
for several decades. Referring to various respect to aquatic environments. Soft- production.
U.S. and European satellite sensors (e.g., ware modules dealing with water quality Globally, lakes emit 8-48 Tg CH4 yr-1
OLI/Landsat 8, NAOMI/SPOT 7 and and vegetation mapping were developed to the atmosphere. Methane is produced
MSI/Sentinel-2), vast amounts of rele- and tested during several previous stud- by organic carbon decomposed by meth-
vant historical and near real-time satel- ies across Ontario lakes. anogenic bacteria in anoxic environments.
lite data are available at European and During a recent study dealing with the Dense vegetation in lakes can produce
U.S. satellite data repositories (Coperni- aquatic processes in Wolfe Lake, Ontario, plentiful sediment substrate for decom-
cus, USGS, NASA). several interesting EO applicability position. Sediment creates favorable

conditions for anoxic reactions, leading
to increased methane release. Reduction
of the invasive bottom vegetation can
substantially contribute to the reduction
of fugitive methane emissions.
During the Wolfe Lake study, A-MAPS
Environmental scientists developed multi-
spectral algorithms that enable retrieval of
information regarding the distribution of
lake vegetation (mostly milfoils). These are
based on modeling the reflectance spectra
of clear water, phytoplankton and the lake
bottom, as well as of the water column
and atmospheric transmission processes.
By using the retrieval algorithms, bottom
vegetation density distribution maps of
emergent and submergent macrophytes
(lake weeds), abundant in lake shore areas, Water temperature patterns in Wolfe Lake on a hot summer day in 2013. The temperature scale
can be derived. in the Centigrade units is displayed at the right-hand side. Thermal infrared bands of the satellite
These and other results of satellite sensor were applied for the mapping.
based aquatic vegetation mapping over
a period of six years clearly indicate that
the multispectral, high resolution satel- WATER QUALITY MAPPING enable retrieval of information regard-
lite imagery can be successfully applied Similarly to satellite monitoring and ing the distribution of aquatic dissolved
for estimates of the total biomass mapping the macrophyte-biomass, multi- and particulate organic matter. These are
changes in Ontario lakes. spectral algorithms were developed that continued overleaf…

WATER
based on modeling the reflectance spec- algorithms developed, concentration to studies on dispersion and transport
tra of clear water, phytoplankton, inor- maps of water quality parameters, listed of pollutants discharged from on-shore
ganic particulate matter and dissolved above, can be derived. sources. Specific algorithms were also
organic matter, as well as of the water developed for mapping frozen lake
column and atmospheric transmission WATER TEMPERATURE surfaces as well as for detection of
processes. Accurate satellite-based detection of surface temperatures.
Amounts of phytoplankton, inorganic the surface temperature of large water An interesting application of satellite
particulate matter and dissolved organic bodies is a proven technology. Periodic observations over frozen lakes concerns
matter are the major constituents defin- monitoring of the temperature patterns monitoring the thawing process of
ing water quality. By using the retrieval across Canadian lakes can contribute surface ice. By analyzing multitempo-
ral thermal imagery, the date when the
average surface temperature becomes
above or below the melting point (0°C)
.COM can be estimated with a better than two
ASSURANCE THROUGH INNOVATION days accuracy.
UPCOMING PROJECTS
ELECTRONIC CERTIFICATION FOR New initiatives are planned by

A-MAPS Environmental and its part-
WATER & WASTEWATER OPERATORS

ners to develop innovative methodol-
ogies for lake vegetation management
and remedial actions. In situ measure-
Innovative Digital User Experience for all Stake-Holders ments, high-resolution spectral satellite
observations and digital underwater
photography will be employed. Standard
GOVERNMENT OPERATORS water sampling techniques and equip-
Centralized Policy Setting Online Application
ment will be applied.
& Enforcement & Certification
In situ measurements of water clarity,
nutrient concentrations and bottom vege-
tation density will be performed during a
joint measuring campaign by volunteers
from the Wolfe Lake (Westport) Asso-
ciation and Carleton University. Data
on water quality and bottom vegetation
density will be statistically analyzed in
order to specify factors affecting Eurasian
watermilfoil proliferation. The effective-
ness of currently applied bottom vege-
tation reduction methods, bottom mats
and laminar flow aeration will be evalu-
ated at localized small areas.
Results of the study will be presented
FACILITIES EDUCATORS through an interactive software appli-
Competency Development Training Delivery cation, with a graphical user interface
& QMS Compliance & Management enabling quantitative assessments in terms
of graphical and numerical displays and
Our Clients statistical analyses.
Findings, conclusions and recom-
mendations resulting from the project
will be reported and presented to orga-
nizations dealing with aquatic environ-
ment care and management.
Ultimately, these initiatives aim at
the development of innovative method-
ology, based on EO data, supported by
WWW.COMPLIANCE365.COM info@compliance365.com • 416-319-6176 user-friendly software applications that
will enable effective control of milfoil

infestations, which are harmful to natu- est in the outcomes of the project by from the EarthExplorer website of the US
ral aquatic habitat. Rideau Valley Conservation Authority. Geological Survey (https://earthexplorer.
Analyses of satellite data will be Its mission is to understand, manage, usgs.gov/). The underwater camera acqui-
supported by extensive field campaigns, protect, restore and enhance the Rideau sition was kindly funded by the Ontario
including sampling water quality watershed through science, stewardship, Federation of Cottagers’ Associations.
parameters, total plant biomass and education, policy and leadership. Obvi- References are available on request.
percent volume inhabited, as well as ously, monitoring and regulatory tasks
monitoring bottom vegetation growth of the Conservation Authority will bene- Daniel Spitzer is with A-MAPS
through image processing of digital fit from having access to new geospatial Environmental Inc. Email:
underwater photography. A sub-goal of information, including processed satel- dspitzer@amapsenv.com.
the sampling initiatives will be to eval- lite earth observation imagery. Jesse Vermaire is with
uate and to quantify various methodol- Enhancement of the quantity and Carleton University. Email:
ogies leading to effective control of the quality of information on the prolif- JesseVermaire@cunet.carleton.ca
invasive aquatic vegetation. eration of aquatic plants also is of key Michael Yee is with the Rideau Valley
Periodic satellite based mapping of importance to large community orga- Conservation Authority. Email:
weed infested areas will be used to guide nizations such as Watersheds Canada michael.yee@rvca.ca
the sampling procedures. Large public-sec- and the Federation of Ontario Cottagers’
tor organizations, such as Rideau Valley Associations, that are actively engaged
Conservation Authority, Federation of in the protection of the lake habitat in
the Ontario Cottagers’ Associations, Wolfe Canada. These organizations appear to
Lake (Westport) Association and Water- be keen to apply to their activities the
sheds Canada, as well as academic institu- new knowledge provided by these inno-
tions (Carleton University, Ottawa) have vative earth observation technologies.
recently committed extensive in-kind
support. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Of particular importance is the inter- The satellite data were downloaded
Waterra HS-2 Oil/Water Interface Sensors and WS-2 Water Level Sensors
are advanced products that utilize the most recent electronic technology. Their
tough polyethylene reels protect the stainless steel tape from damage and dirt
while their lightweight and slim profile make them very portable.
Our sophisticated HS-2 ultrasonic sensors are more sensitive
in a broader range of hydrocarbon products than conventional
optical systems and they produce the quickest interface
detection available.
Innovative design features, compactness, portability and
reliability — all at a competitive price.
• extremely low power • Kynar® or polyethylene coated

consumption 3/8" stainless steel flat tape
• membrane on/off switch • powered by 4 AA cells
• sensitivity adjustment (WS-2) • metric or imperial
• auto shut-off • open reels also available

WATER & WASTEWATER
Modular and packaged MSBR plants chosen

for small scale treatment systems
By Irene Hassas
M
any small towns, remote commu-
nities and new developments
are not connected to municipal
grids. Topography, geographic
isolation, climate, attracting and retain-
ing system operators, and limited finan-
cial resources, are some of the barriers
communities face when considering
water and wastewater infrastructure.
In the past few decades, decentral-
ized water and wastewater treatment
plants have been addressing some of the
barriers such as capital and O&M costs
by providing long-term and cost-effec-
tive solutions for communities. In some
cases, reuse of treated wastewater has
made these communities more sustain-
able, promoted business development
and created job opportunities.
Distributed and decentralized systems Aslan’s SBR (ASL-MSBR) installed at Lebovic Golf & Country Club and Community.
are often used to treat water and waste-
water in small towns and communi-
ties and can be designed to treat flows modular packaged plants. (ASL-MSBR) to eliminate some of the
as low as 0.002 MGD or as high as 0.5 To address the concerns of small complexities and operational challenges
MGD. These systems can be constructed communities, Aslan Technologies has of existing solutions. ASL-MSBR is a
on-site, or be provided as pre-manufac- designed an integrated modular and variation of the activated sludge process
tured treatment facilities, also known as modified sequencing batch reactor where all clarification and biological

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
LOBE BLOWER

Atlas Copco’s positive displacement
blower is a century long proven, reliable
technology. Design to suit any space, the ZL
Series offers a cost effective, silent lobe
blower alternative for any new or
replacement project.

 Flow range < 10,000 Nm3/h
Drinking water filtration trains.  Pressure range: < 100 kPa(g)
 Vacuum range: < 50 kPa(a)
 Sound Levels: <77 dbA @ 1m
 CSA/UL Certified
treatment stages occur in a single tank. rates the “One Water” approach. It is an
Separate tanks are not required for aera- emerging new concept that reduces the
tion and sedimentation steps. burden on water sources and infrastruc-
Based on the wastewater flow charac- ture by encouraging greater conserva-
teristics, ASL-MSBR systems can consist tion, and discovery of new sources, and
of two or more reactor tanks that are improving safe reuse of treated water.
operated in parallel, or of one equaliza- The One Water approach provides a way
tion tank and one reactor tank, allowing to reduce operating costs, while invest-
continuous influent flow. ing in more cost-effective infrastructure.
In either configuration, the influent
This helps communities to tackle com-
flow first goes through a screening process peting infrastructure demands, increas-

before entering the MSBR. Waste is then ing regulatory standards, and challenges

treated in a series of batch phases within resulting from severe climate impacts and
the MSBR to achieve the desired effluent flooding. Communities are encouraged COMMITTED TO SUSTAINABLE
criteria. Sludge that is generated from the to unlock the full value of One Water PRODUCTIVITY
MSBR moves on to digestion and eventu- through partnerships with different stake- We stand by our responsibilities towards
ally to solids handling, disposal or benefi- holders such as industry, governments our customers, towards the environment
cial reuse. Treated effluent then moves to and conservation authorities. By working and the people around us. We make
disinfection, if required. together, great achievements can be made, performance stand the test of time. This
An equalization tank is typically including flood and erosion protection, is what we call – Sustainable Productivity.
needed before the disinfection unit; environmental land use planning, eco-
otherwise, a sizable filter may be neces- system regeneration, and improved water For more information in regards to our
sary to accommodate the large flow of quality and quantity, including reducing Blowers or Low pressure compressors,
please contact Mrs. Marie‐Josee (MJ)
water entering the disinfection system. phosphorus discharge.
Quessy at 514.464.7095 or via email at
In addition, ASL-MSBR typically has marie‐josee.quessy@ca.atlascopco.com
no primary or secondary clarifiers as RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

settling takes place in the process. A small community has been recently
developed by Lebovic Homes in Aurora,
THE ‘ONE WATER’ APPROACH Ontario, consisting of over 70 luxury
When designing and planning homes surrounded by an 18-hole cham-
ASL-MSBR treatment plants, in addition pionship golf course with associated
to considering geographical challenges amenities and a club house.
and land use planning, Aslan incorpo- continued overleaf… continued overleaf…

Waste Water products 4.65 x 4.65.pdf 1 1/26/2016 9:25:59 AM
WATER & WASTEWATER
Pumps for all your waste water challenges

Water management is one of the great-
 Thickened Sludge  Bio-mass  Thin Sludge est challenges of golf courses’ sustain-
 Dewatered Sludge  Activated Sludge  Lime Milk ability programs as large quantities of
 Auxiliary Flocculents  Combined Sewage  Flotation Sludge fresh water are essential for obtaining
high quality turf, which maximizes play-
ability. Golf courses also have challenges
with varying levels of water usage. There
C
is steady water usage in the summer, but
M
little to no flow in the winter. There may
Y also be brief periods of peak flow when
an event is held.
CLASSIC TORNADO® T1
CM
NEMO® Progressing
MY Rotary Lobe Pumps THE SOLUTION
Cavity Pumps
To address these issues, two separate
Full Service-in-Place
CY
water and wastewater integrated and

CMY
(FSIP®) Pumps automated packaged plants were success-
K
TORNADO® T2 NEMO® Mini fully designed, programmed, installed,
Rotary Lobe Pumps Metering Pump
and commissioned.
The drinking water treatment plant
includes a series of media filtration and
chlorine injection systems to treat ground-
NETZSCH Canada, Inc. water to regulatory levels.
Tel: 705-797-8426 A complete MSBR packaged plant
ntc@netzsch.com
was customized and built to treat up to
www.pumps.netzsch.com
170,000 L of wastewater per day. The plant
is composed of a raw wastewater pump-
ing station, an ASL-MSBR, UV disinfec-
tion, an automated sampling system, an
aerated sludge holding tank, and a gener-
ator auxiliary power system. Waste sludge
is further digested in the storage tank and
effluent water is reused to irrigate the golf
course.
To manage and handle varying water
usage and flow rates, equalization tanks
are included in the treatment plants.
COST MANAGEMENT AND

WASTEWATER REUSE AT RESORTS
The JW Marriott Resort is located
in the heart of the Muskoka Lakes, in
Ontario. The luxury resort, which features
a year-round indoor-outdoor pool and
spa, required drinking water and waste-
water treatment plants. Innovative design
and treatment solutions were necessary
due to challenges with the site location
and rock outcroppings. The system also
had to provide potable water for fire flows.
Visit our website to view our training This introduced other constraints to the
design, due to the high cost of blasting
schedule and to learn about our and trying not to put in clear wells.
pilot testing and helpline services. Aslan manufactured and installed a
potable water system for flows ranging
from 40 LPM up to 5,700 LPM, while
inquiry@wcwc.ca www.wcwc.ca 1-866-515-0550 eliminating the need for clear wells and
associated contact times. It consists of

OIL‐FREE
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
SCREW BLOWERS

DRIVING DOWN ENERGY COSTS
A reliable supply of compressed air is
critical to ensure process continuity.
Incorporating Atlas Copco’s proven
screw technology and long standing
internal engineering practices, the ZS
Screw Blowers Series guarantees
exceptional energy efficiency and
Aslan’s containerized modified sequencing batch reactor.
reliability.

 Flow range < 10,500 Nm3/h
a series of filtration and disinfection simple to scale up, have a higher flexibil-
 Pressure range: < 120 kPa(g)
trains. The wastewater treatment plant ity, are capable of treating a broad range  18‐355 kW – 575V units
selected was a ASL-MSBR packaged of water quality, and offer a high level of  “Plug & Play” c/w integrated VFD
plant. Both potable water (ASL-PWTS) automation. The ASL-UF system with for simplified field installation.
and wastewater treatment (ASL-MSBR) an accompanying clean-in-place (CIP)  Up to 80% turndown capacity.
plants were designed, built, and installed system and a UV disinfection system  Up to 30% more energy efficient
for the 221-unit hotel/residential condo- treat the incoming water. than lobe blowers
minium and the 500+ guest ballroom An ASL-MSBR packaged plant was  CSA/UL Certified
and conference facility. selected to treat the wastewater. This
Potable water is drawn from Lake plant consists of a modified sequencing
Rosseau and the treated wastewater is batch reactor, sand filters and a sludge
directed to a green side pond where it will digester.
ultimately flow back into Lake Rosseau.
Another recent development is a CONSISTENTLY POSITIVE RESULTS

community consisting of over 40 heri- Modular and packaged plant solu-
tage-inspired cottages on Lake Rosseau tions allow communities to take a
and a pool pavilion. The community phased approach to the implementation COMMITTED TO SUSTAINABLE
will be open year round for the enjoy- of treatment systems, thereby ensuring PRODUCTIVITY
ment of both summer and winter activ- cost control of their investments, while We stand by our responsibilities
ities. Decentralized drinking water and consistently meeting health, safety, and towards our customers, towards the
wastewater treatment solutions were environmental regulations and limits. environment and the people around
required to complete development of the us. We make performance stand the
community. Irene Hassas is with Aslan Technologies test of time. This is what we call –
Once again, two packaged plants were Inc. Email: ihassas@ASLANTech.ca Sustainable Productivity.
designed for the treatment of drinking
water and wastewater. Strategic planning For more information in regards to
was required when designing the plants our Blowers or Low pressure
due to the resort’s location and topog- compressors, please contact Mrs.
raphy. The slightly sloping property is Marie‐Josee (MJ) Quessy at
514.464.7095 or via email at marie‐
located on Canadian Shield bedrock.
josee.quessy@ca.atlascopco.com
Water is drawn from Lake Rosseau
via a pumping station for the resort’s
drinking water. This time, it was deter-
mined that an ASL-UF ultrafiltration
membrane plant was needed. Membrane
systems have reduced footprints, are

WATER & WASTEWATER
Muskoka using cloud based software system

to track operator training and certification
By Marcus Firman and Sipo Ching
I
n 2016, the District of Muskoka in
Ontario set out to modernize its train-
ing and certification tracking system
with a focus on a holistic management
tool to enhance its existing Drinking
Water Quality Management System in
the long-term.
The project started with an internal
review and need analysis. The District
identified key areas of the modernization
project as: process automation, partner
ecosystem, and business analytics. After
an extensive search, Compliance365.com,
a cloud-based services platform, was
selected to replace the legacy training
system.
A key challenge was the labour-inten-
sive and error prone process of managing
operator training and compliance with
With 300 on-the-job and continuing education training events conducted annually, the District had
the regulatory requirements for licence
to handle over 1,500 training records and paper course certificates.
renewal and upgrade. With 300 on-the-
job and continuing education training
events conducted annually, the District cates and documentation were scattered With the new Compliance system, all
had to handle over 1,500 training records in file cabinets or individual’s emails stakeholders can now quickly access
and paper course certificates. Training and computers. Manual compilation of training records, certificates and docu-
records were maintained in various data- training achievement was cumbersome, mentation from one central database.
bases and spreadsheets. Paper certifi- time-consuming and error prone. Trainers and participants are notified by
Knowledge. Expertise.
Resources.
Engineering the future.
www.parsons.com

email with course schedules, details and partners from private and public sectors
materials. The trainer enters attendance will benefit from major cost saving and
and uploads course certificates and docu- operational efficiency gains.
mentation electronically. Training hours
are then automatically accredited to the BUSINESS ANALYTICS

participants. It has streamlined the train- The Compliance system provides
ing process and eliminated the manual business analytics that allows non-tech-

tasks associated with paper records.

nical users to perform data mining and
HIGH SPEED
create high impact visual dashboards. MAGNETIC BEARING
AUTOMATIC LICENCE The District can assemble data from vari-
RENEWAL AND UPGRADE TURBO BLOWER
ous sources and reveal insights. It helps
Water and wastewater operator certi- management to make quantifiable and
INNOVATION AT WORK
fication was a tedious paper based appli- informed decisions and drive continuous
Atlas Copco’s high‐speed magnetic
cation. However, the new system has fully improvement of the water operations.
bearing turbo blower is a decade long
automated licence renewal and upgrade The training dashboard provides visu- proven, reliable combination of
applications with consistency, account- alization of training expenditure and cat- revolutionary technologies. The ZB VSD
ability and compliance. The Compliance egorization. Management can use filters
offers a range of features and benefits
engine validates the operator’s acquired to mine the data. It provides historical all integrated into one package.
training hours, operator-in-charge (OIC) information as well as trending of the
and operating experience with the training spending.  Flow range < 12,000 Nm3/h
 Pressure range: < 120 kPa(g)
renewal and upgrade requirements of
 Highest energy efficiency in the
the specific type and class of the licence. CONCLUSION industry.
With one click, the system auto-fills The successful roll-out of the Compli-  Fully integrated “Plug & Play”
licence application forms and gener- ance system has received accolades from package factory assembled and
ates a submission package with all the all stakeholders. It not only replaced tested for simplified field installation.
 CSA/UL Certified
required reports and certificates. The the legacy system, which was running
District no longer struggles with lengthy on end-of-life technology, but also
preparation and only spends a fraction provides a solution platform that the
of the time used before on preparing District can use to grow and expand its
and filing renewal and upgrade appli- operations. The industry trending cloud
cations to the Ontario Ministry of the based subscription model eliminates
Environment and Climate Change. the need for upfront capital investment,
The Compliance system links the train- while offering flexibility and an afford-
ing and certification community. The able growth path. Its all-inclusive annual
District found significant efficiency gains subscription fee enables fast adoption,

through connecting with its business without having to internally manage the
partners on the Compliance system plat- hardware, software and network procure- COMMITTED TO SUSTAINABLE
form. It gives internal and external train- ment with associated setup time and PRODUCTIVITY
ing providers the ability to record atten- costs. This model is best suited when We stand by our responsibilities
dances and attach certificates electroni- under tight budget constraints. towards our customers, towards the
cally. It saves time and eliminates a series
Moving forward, the rest of the water environment and the people around
of manual tasks, such as mailing, faxing, operations will be evaluated. The District us. We make performance stand the
scanning and duplicated data entry. has the need and desire to continue the test of time. This is what we call –
In addition to licensing requirements, modernization of its operations. Sustainable Productivity.
the Compliance system is being piloted
with respect to water testing laboratories. Marcus Firman is with the District For more information in regards to
Municipality of Muskoka. Sipo
The District currently receives test results our Blowers or Low pressure
on spreadsheets, which are not the best Ching is with Compliance365 compressors, please contact Mrs.
format for searching and data analysis. Inc. For more information, visit Marie‐Josee (MJ) Quessy at
A pilot project is currently being under- www.compliance365.com 514.464.7095 or via email at marie‐
josee.quessy@ca.atlascopco.com
taken to allow laboratories to upload test
results to the Compliance system. This
interacting path has created a win-win
situation for both parties and allowed
the District to enhance its water moni-
toring and reporting capability. As the
system continues to expand and mature,

WATER WASTEWATER EFFICIENCY
In 2010, Halifax began considering energy recovery in place of traditional pressure reduction using pressure reducing valves.
Photo: Glenn Euloth CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Halifax generating power from its

watermain pressure reducing valve stations
A
research project conducted by Halifax Water began considering energy stable but significant diurnal flows and
the Water Research Foundation recovery in place of traditional pressure level of pressure reduction.
investigated the installation of a reduction using pressure reducing valves The project involved development,
hydrokinetic in-line energy recov- (PRVs) or flow control valves (FCVs) design, installation and commissioning
ery turbine-generator within a water within its water distribution system. of the Orchard in-line energy recovery
distribution system to determine the This decision was, in part, due to the turbine. It also included research into
system’s benefits and operational charac- launch of a new provincial renewable the operational characteristics, effects
teristics. The research focused on control energy initiative called the Community on water quality and the overall water
methodologies, modes of failure and risk Feed-In Tariff (COMFIT) Program. It distribution system. Control and risk
mitigation strategies, as well as the opera- offered preferential energy rates to certain mitigation strategies were also devel-
tional, hydraulic and water quality effects renewable energy generation projects, all oped to protect the water distribution
on the downstream water supply system. in the interest of reducing greenhouse system from any harmful effects, such as
The use of hydrokinetic machines to gas emissions in Nova Scotia. pressure surges, etc.
recover energy from water and other Of the test sites identified in the Hali- Implementation of renewable energy
liquid flow streams is well known and fax water system, its Orchard Control generation projects within a water or
has been in use for almost two thou- Chamber was deemed to be the best one wastewater utility is becoming common-
sand years. Today’s modern hydrokinetic for initial research and development of place in today’s world of escalating energy
turbines are mainly used to generate a prototype energy recovery system. It prices. Other drivers include improving
large-scale hydro-electric power. In 2010, was selected because of its relatively energy efficiency, reducing greenhouse

gas emissions, and reducing operating pressure and flow transients. Through system is readily achievable, provided
costs. The economics of these projects this testing, a better understanding of turbine-generator controls and operat-
has improved steadily, with project reve- turbine-generator operation was gained, ing parameters are tightly controlled and
nues, return on investment, and payback as was the understanding of how to adjusted to lessen or eliminate pressure
all contributing positively to a utility’s deploy similar technology into much and flow transients, based on the design
bottom line. older, more tightly pressure-controlled constraints of the distribution system.
Integrating small energy recovery regions of the water distribution system. Implementing an in-line energy
turbines into water distribution systems To date, test results and operating data recovery turbine project can be achieved
can work well within a utility’s infrastruc- have shown no detrimental effects on by any water utility; however, it requires
ture, provided a reasonable energy rate is the water distribution system, and the careful front-end planning and evalu-
available from the local electric utility. operation of the turbine has not resulted ation, diligent project execution, thor-
The Orchard project shows how new, in any significant or detrimental pres- ough system testing, and ongoing system
existing, and older infrastructure can sure transients, hydraulic surges, nor monitoring and control.
be easily utilized to capture otherwise impacted water quality. Based on these
wasted energy. Designing the Orchard test results, installing an energy recov- For more information, visit,
turbine was a relatively simple process, ery turbine into a water distribution www.waterrf.org
while first ensuring that enough
total dynamic head, flow, and
utilization were available at the
Orchard Control Chamber. Once
HYDROMATIC
®
the hydraulic performance of the
HPE CHOPPER PUMP

system was confirmed, the civil,
mechanical, electrical, and control
DESTROYS DEBRIS
system designs were completed.
Installation and commission-
ing were straightforward, with
BEFORE IT CLOGS
most components being common-
place and familiar to water utility
staff. Integration of the control
and monitoring systems within PATENT-PENDING CHOPPER MECHANISM
the existing SCADA system was • Cuts material into small pieces allowing free flow though
the pump
relatively simple, with no complex
control requirements. PREMIUM EFFICIENT MOTOR
• Delivers high starting torque for reduced risk of clogging
Testing was undertaken to during start-up
understand the turbine-gener- SEMI-OPEN IMPELLER DESIGN
ator’s operational characteris- • Provides superior solids handling capability while delivering
increased efficiency
tics, and to identify any potential
problem areas related to upstream CUTTING BLADE AND PLATE
• Made from 440 SST hardened to 57-60 Rockwell C for long life
and downstream pressure or flow • Replaceable for lower maintenance costs
transients. Test scenarios included • Adjustable cutting plate ensures optimal alignment for best
normal operating events such as cutting performance
non-emergency start up and shut- • Relief groove on cutter plate creates extra cutting
edge and forces debris away from cutting surface for
down. Others simulated emer- maximum clog resistance
gency shutdown events, including
those initiated by operators and the
automatic control system. Some
SERRATED
upstream and downstream pres- BLADES
sure transients were expected and • For effective
cutting without
found, but measures were taken need for
to minimize or eliminate these re-sharpening.
transients in order to protect the

affected infrastructure.
The turbine-generator, through
its control system permissives and
operating set points, was found 4-490 Pinebush Road WWW.HYDROMATIC.COM
Cambridge, ON, N1T 0A5
to be easily adjustable in terms of T: (800) 363-7867
F: (888) 606-5484
mitigating the negative effects of HYD12200ENG-AD (09/13/17)

REGISTER TODAY FOR THE WORLD’S PREMIER WATER CONFERENCE
JUNE 11–14 | LAS VEGAS, NEVADA

AWWA.ORG/ACE18
PRODUCT & SERVICE SHOWCASE
High Performance Mixer Grooved End Piping System T: 905-681-9292

State-of-the-art Chemline’s new Alfa F: 905-681-9444
E: info@ca.endress.com
mixer HPCDI , ™ ™
Rapid grooved
W: www.e-direct.endress.com/ca/
a cost-effective end piping system
solution to sludge has mechani- picomag
build-up, creates cal connections Endress+Hauser Canada
a unique tornado using flexible
+ fireworks-like pipe couplings.
flow pattern. It suspends heavy solids Grooved end dimensions are the same
Flow Measurement
with the force of tornado, consuming 10 as “Victaulic”. Flexible pipe couplings
– 27% of energy of conventional mixers. 1-1/2" to 6" are made of polyamide
The fireworks-like dispersion eliminates (PAG) and SS bolts. Polypropylene
dead zones and short-circuiting. It is grooved end pipe fittings are avail-
ragging-free, providing a mixing system able 1-1/2" to 4". Ball valves have pipe
with minimal maintenance. coupling ends. An excellent alternative
T: 587-352-9652 to conventional flanging; saves time,
E: tech@revolmixing.com money, space.
W: www.revolmixing.com T: 800-930-CHEM (2436)
Proline 300/500 flow measurement
Revolmix Processing Ltd. F: 905-889-8553
technology provides continuous
Represented in Ontario E: request@chemline.com
on-board diagnostics and meter veri-
by ACG-Envirocan W: www.chemline.com
T: 905-856-1414 Chemline Plastics
fication with Heartbeat Technology ,™
and fast commissioning and intuitive
E: sales@envirocan.ca
operation via display, web server and
ACG-Envirocan
Block water from WLAN. It offers maximum flexibility
with configurable I/O.
accessing assets T: 905-681-9292
Advanced Biological Treatment Road erosion,
F: 905-681-9444
premature concrete
E: info@ca.endress.com
failure or water
W: www.ca.endress.com/
ingress into wastewater systems?
proline300500
Denso’s 12" LT tape has been proven
Endress+Hauser Canada
for nearly a century to block water
from accessing assets. It won’t harden
or crack and is the perfect solution Submersible + field instruments
to protect concrete and prevent I&I. Sequoia Instruments’
Applied in minutes, requiring mini- submersible + field
mal surface preparation, no mixing or instruments measure
curing, it can be buried immediately. particles and their
T: 416-291-3435 properties, using
®
AquaNereda Aerobic Granular E: sales@densona-ca.com Laser In-Situ Scat-
Sludge Technology is now available W: www.densona.com tering and Transmissometry (LISST)
in Canada and the U.S., exclusively Denso North America technology. This includes: LISST-200X
from Aqua-Aerobic Systems, Inc. This
– submersible particle size distribution
advanced biological treatment technol-
+ concentration analyzer; LISST-ABS –
ogy replicates the same effluent quality Plug-and-play measures suspended sediment concen-
as a well-designed enhanced BNR facil- Flow Meter tration; and LISST-Holo2 – holographic
ity but without the use of chemicals. The new Picomag particle imaging + size distribution.
The reduced footprint and low energy from Endress+Hauser E: salesb@hoskin.ca, Burlington, ON
requirement of the AquaNereda ® is a simple, reliable and mainte- E: salesv@hoskin.ca, Burnaby, BC
process provide a competitive alterna- nance-free plug-and-play flow meter for E: salesm@hoskin.ca, Montreal, QC
tive for high performance plants. utilities in a pocket-sized format. Pico- W: www.hoskin.ca
T: 815-654-2501 mag offers customers easy commission- Hoskin Scientific
W: www.aqua-aerobic.com ing with Bluetooth, using its SmartBlue
Aqua-Aerobic Systems App, as well as seamless system integra-
tion thanks to IO-Link technology.

PRODUCT & SERVICE SHOWCASE
Fiberglass Flumes that attach to particles, such as nutrients Twin Shaft Grinder
and metals. The Stormceptor EF has The new NETZSCH
been verified through the ISO 14034
Environmental Management – Envi-
™
N.Mac Twin Shaft
Grinder is designed
ronmental Technology Verification to fragment a vari-
(ETV). ety of materials in
T: 800-565-4801 wastewater treat-
E: info@imbriumsystems.com ment, biogas and
W: www.imbriumsystems.com biomass plants, food,
Imbrium Systems animal processing,
and other waste and industrial appli-
cations. Available in channel and inline
Hoskin Scientific offers a full line of
Stormwater Modeling Tool (flanged) housing construction; N.Mac
standard fiberglass flumes, such as can be installed into effluent channels
Parshall Flumes, Palmer Bowlus Flumes, or upstream from a pump. Modular
H Flumes, Trapezoidal Flumes, along assemblies and interchangeable compo-
with countless custom structures used nents facilitate universal parts servicing.
for open channel flow measurement. T: 705-797-8426
E: salesb@hoskin.ca, Burlington, ON F: 705-797-8427
E: salesv@hoskin.ca, Burnaby, BC E: info@netzsch.ca
PCSWMM for Stormceptor is a contin-
E: salesm@hoskin.ca, Montreal, QC W: www.pumps.netzsch.com
uous simulation modeling software that
W: www.hoskin.ca NETZSCH Canada
determines the most appropriate-sized
Hoskin Scientific
Stormceptor for your site. Highlights
include localized rainfall data from over Retrofit Baffle System
Confined Space Vertical Screen 1,900 NOAA weather stations across The OPTIFLOW
Oostburg’s Black North America and the ability to size
multiple Stormceptor units within a
®
270 Retrofit Baffle
River Falls facility is System retro-
a lean operation, with single project. Visit www.imbriumsys- fits into existing
limitations in space tems.com/launch-pcswmm. 270-degree vortex
for screening technol- T: 800-565-4801 grit chambers to
ogy and in the staff E: info@imbriumsystems.com significantly improve removal efficiency.
resources available to manage, maintain W: www.imbriumsystems.com Grit removal systems designed to meet
and report on the Village’s processes. Imbrium Systems previous standards can be upgraded
Even though space was limited, Oost- to remove 95% of grit down to 150
burg knew that putting a headworks microns (100 mesh). This baffle is avail-
screening solution in place would
Full service-in-place pumps able not only for flat-floor vortex cham-
improve their operational efficiency.
NETZSCH’s NEMO ® bers but as a conversion system for
progressing cavity
Oostburg found the perfect solution sloped and cone-shaped chambers.
using the Huber Technology RoK4
pumps with FSIP ® T: 800-898-9122
(full service-in-place)
confined space vertical screen. F: 913-888-2173
provide full access to
T: 704-949-1010 E: answers@smithandloveless.com
all rotating parts. Dismantle and install
E: huber@hhusa.net W: www.SmithandLoveless.com
rotating parts again without removing
W: www.huber-technology.com Smith & Loveless
the pump from the pipe assembly or
Huber Technology
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installation and service time. The Quick Clean Check Valve
Oil grit separator NEMO FSIP design is fully compatible
with the existing NEMO pump BY and
The RapidJack ®
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T: 705-797-8426
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tively targets sediment (TSS), free oils, W: www.pumps.netzsch.com and interim piping
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Waterra has
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expanded its product
spring, and lifting it free from the check T: 905-238-5242
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valve body (approximately 15 minutes F: 905-238-5704
disposable filters to
total). E: sales@waterra.com
now include pore
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sizes consisting of 0.2
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E: answers@smithandloveless.com
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W: www.SmithandLoveless.com
filters will be available in two size Advanced and Portable Water
Smith & Loveless
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and a 600 cm2 surface area version for
Level Indicator
Waterra’s WS-2
Engineered metal doors higher turbidity samples.
Water Level Sensors
USF Fabrication, T: 905-238-5242
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ground utility innovative design as well as compact-
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space. This allows them to offer the best Waterra’s High
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lead times in the industry. Their friendly Performance
or metric units.
and knowledgeable staff is committed Submersible Pumps
T: 905-238-5242
to providing customers with the right are designed specif-
F: 905-238-5704
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ping it when they need it. ing and sampling
W: www.waterra.com
T: 604-552-7900 procedures. All
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F: 604-552-7901 of these pumps can greatly speed up
E: sales@engineeredpump.com the process of purging and sampling
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complete and ready to use. is the world’s first
Accommodate Dynamic Movement T: 905-238-5242
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system with inte-
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grated intelligence.
ment joint from W: www.waterra.com
This new smart,
Victaulic is preassembled and reduces Waterra Pumps interconnected wastewater pump-
installation complexity for threaded ing system from Xylem’s Flygt brand
rod installations of the AWWA M11 senses the operating conditions of its
harness and C219 bolted sleeve-type Rugged and Reliable Peristaltic environment, adapts its performance
joints. It can accommodate differential Pump in real time and provides feedback to
settlement and seismic movement in The Spectra Field- pumping station operators. It is suitable
large-diameter piping systems. The Pro is the most for use with wastewater pumps in the
joint is available in 14" to 78", DN350 popular peristaltic range of up to 7.3 kilowatts (kW) and
to DN1950 sizes and is designed to be pump that Waterra has a system design that combines IE4
direct buried. has sold. The Field- motor efficiency, N-hydraulics, inte-
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W: www.dynamicmovementjoint.com Load II pump head with a powerful E : bridgett.rousselle@xyleminc.com
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aluminum case. It will work all day Xylem

ES&E NEWS
nated through urine.

Testing is expected to cost up to
$600,000 per year, and could run as long
as three years if testing quality meets the
agency’s expectations.
While the move to test wastewater for
drugs is new to many people in Canada,
it is not without precedent. Of particular
note is a 2013 study by researchers from
McGill University in Montreal, joined
by researchers from Trent University in
Peterborough, Ontario, who teamed up
to test drug levels in the wastewater of
their respective cities.
Countries such as Australia have been
spending millions of dollars for years on
such testing programs. In 2008, the U.S.
National Library of Medicine National
Institutes of Health published a compre-
As legislation is drafted to legalize cannabis in Canada for summer 2018, researchers at Statistics hensive study about the use of wastewa-
Canada are seeking a company that can analyze the wastewater of some 15 to 20 municipalities ter analysis for gauging drug use trends
on a monthly basis to record data on cannabis consumption. in countries such as Italy and the U.K.
Photo credit: Jdubsvideo, AdobeStock.
STATCAN SEEKS WW ANALYZER to record data on cannabis consumption. BC PLANT-BASED FOODS

TO GAUGE CANNABIS USE The analysis of THC metabolites found MANUFACTURER FINED
It isn’t new to test municipal wastewa- in urine within the wastewater would Garden Protein International Inc.
ter for nitrogen, phosphorus or chemical occur just prior to legalization and there- (Gardein) has pleaded guilty in the
oxygen demand, but using wastewater to after for comparison, StatCan says. The Provincial Court of British Columbia
gauge drug use among the public is a new main metabolite likely to be analyzed to one count of depositing a deleterious
avenue for Canada’s top statistics agency. would be 11-nor-delta9-tetrahydrocan- substance in an area where it may enter
As legislation is drafted to legalize nabinol-9-carboxylic acid (Delta-9-THC- fish-bearing water in violation of the
cannabis in Canada for summer 2018, COOH). THC drug tests typically yield a Fisheries Act. According to Environment
researchers at Statistics Canada (StatCan) positive result when the concentration and Climate Change Canada (ECCC),
have issued a tender seeking a company of cannabis in urine exceeds 50 ng/mL. Gardein was ordered to pay a penalty of
that can analyze the wastewater of some Most researchers agree that about 15-20% $285,000.
15 to 20 municipalities on a monthly basis of a Delta-9 THC dose ends up elimi- Additionally, the company was
ordered to install further infrastructure
at its Richmond-based plant to prevent
Barrie • Belleville • Brampton • Collingwood • Kingston • Ottawa
future spills. According to the CBC, this
WWW.AINLEYGROUP.COM means an additional exterior trench
drain must be installed to prevent any
Delivering proven infrastructure planning & engineering solutions
future discharges and pollution.
In February 2016, ECCC enforcement
officers launched an investigation after
receiving a report that vegetable oil had
to satisfied clients for over 50 years
been released into a ditch on the defen-
dant’s property, which leads into the Fra-
ser River. ECCC said that the inspection
Markham, ON
905-747-8506
revealed a release of oil and that samples
and analyses confirmed a violation.
Vancouver, BC
604-251-5722 www.canada.ca
Edmonton, AB
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WeKnowWater@BV.com
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Black&Veatch_ND.14_ProCard_TP.indd 1 2014-11-12 10:29 AM
ES&E NEWS
ES&E NEWS
ers and will be in Puerto Rico for at least

six more months.
www.thompsonpump.com
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IS A KEY

PART OF SUCCESSFUL WATER
SYSTEMS
Informing residents about local water
issues and involving them in local water
policies are the keys to building healthy
and resilient city water systems, accord-
ing to a recent study from Portland State
University (PSU).
Melissa Haeffner, a PSU environmen-
tal science professor and the study's prin-
cipal investigator, said that residents who
received communications from their
local water bureaus or served on a city
water system advisory board, or commit-
THOMPSON PUMP HELPS tee, had perspectives and concerns that
deployed in a similar manner shortly
HURRICANE BATTERED PUERTO were more aligned with those of political
thereafter, allowing clean water for the
RICO leaders and professional water managers.
community’s citizens for the first time
Hurricane Maria decimated Puerto in weeks. There is a gap that exists between res-
Rico in September, 2017. Thompson idents, who are concerned about costs
Thompson Pump’s equipment and
and water shortages, and water manag-
Pump was among the companies con- workers are still providing an integral
tacted to place bids on a relief contract role in the recovery process with work- continued overleaf…
from the United States Army Corps of
Engineers. Thompson subsequently was
given the go-ahead to send a team of
workers to Puerto Rico to formulate a
strategy to help save a large community
living downstream from the Guajataca
Dam.
When the dam’s spillway failed, it
caused an outpouring of water, result-
ing in major erosion that necessitated
the evacuation of 70,000 area homes.
During and immediately after the storm,
there was a real fear they could lose the
dam entirely. Ten complete systems con-
sisting of pumps, suction and discharge
lines, and elbows and fittings were
needed to provide relief by lowering the
dam’s water level, thus alleviating the
possibility of major flooding.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
also tasked Thompson’s workers and
equipment to provide drinking water
for almost a quarter of a million peo-
ple desperate for it. Within days of the
equipment’s arrival in Puerto Rico, the
first two pumps were used to reroute
water from the Guajataca lake reservoir Innovative, Fit-for-purpose Solutions
to a canal feeding three water treatment
plants. The remaining eight pumps were www.stantec.com/water

ES&E NEWS
ers, who are concerned about aging water over water issues helped create munici- ipants have varying perceptions and
infrastructure, said the PSU study, which pal water systems that were effective and levels of knowledge about the key issues
was published in the February 2018 issue sustainable. facing city water systems.
of Water Resources Research. Haeffner, Using interviews and surveys with “I believe it's just as important to study
who collaborated with researchers from mayors, city council members, public how human factors influence local water
The Ohio State University and Utah State utilities staff and residents in northern policy as it is to study the science of
University, concluded that bridging this Utah, Haeffner and her collaborators water quality or the costs of upgrading
gap between residents and policymakers examined how these different partic- water infrastructure,” said Haeffner in
a news release. “Today most research
on city water systems focuses on these
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info@hydrologic.ca www.hydrologic.ca were damaged and breached, quickly
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funds will be used to support projects
focused on the Mégantic Lake and the
HYDRO-LOGIC ENVIRONMENTAL INC. Chaudière River, which were directly
T: 905-777-9494 • F: 905-777-8678 • info@hydrologic.ca • www.hydrologic.ca impacted by the spill of crude oil.
762 Upper St. James Street, Suite 250, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L9C 3A2 www.canada.ca
AECOM RELEASES FIRST GLOBAL

REPORT ON INFRASTRUCTURE
Examining the investment gap in
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ES&E NEWS
ES&E NEWS
of Infrastructure, which contains survey Insitu Groundwater Contractors

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• 71% of respondents say a major
cyberattack or citywide transport dis-
ruption is probable in the near future.
• 90% of respondents believe inno-
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bridging the funding gap.
• 71% believe that many traditional
approaches to project management
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Canada was mentioned several times
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DRINKING WATER RESOURCE

LIBRARY LAUNCHED
For over a year, the Walkerton Clean
Water Centre has been developing an
online portal of resources and piloting
its content with clients and an advi-
sory committee. This initiative is part
of its strategy to enhance the transfer
of knowledge to owners, operators and
operating authorities of Ontario’s drink-
ing water systems. The aim of this library
is to provide easy access to trusted
resources related to drinking water.
The Drinking Water Resource Library
consists of a catalog of documents,
including reports, manuals, articles and
videos, and features multiple search
functions to ease the research of infor-
mation. A user can enter keywords,
apply filters to narrow down results or
browse through collections that have
been sorted into folders by topic.
www.drinkingwaterresourcelibrary.ca

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COMPANY PAGE
ACG Technology........................................67
Associated Engineering...........................50
Atlas Copco................................... 51, 53, 55
AWI.............................................................15 Special police units deploy the drone, monitoring for elevated levels of pollutants.
AWWA.........................................................58
Blue-White.................................................11
Canadian Water and Wastewater
Association................................................42
Cancoppas.................................................31 Polish police using drones to
find air polluters
Chemline Plastics.....................................43
Cole Engineering Group...........................44
Compliance365.........................................48
Crane Pumps & Systems..........................21
I
Denso ..........................................................6 t is estimated that smog kills more from specific chimneys. All readings are
Endress + Hauser........................................5
than 47,000 people each year in Poland. displayed live to the operator, as well as
Engineered Pump.....................................13
Envirocan .................................................67
Levels increase during the winter, due the central station, where police inspec-
Festo..........................................................37 mostly to the burning of solid fuels tors can be dispatched for further inves-
Flottweg....................................................25 for residential heating. On some winter tigation or to issue additional fines.
Hoskin Scientific.......................................47 days, a grey haze obscures the lights of The DR1000 is also used to grab a
Huber Technology....................................17 Polish city skyscrapers and the air smells sample from the smoke stack, which
HydroFlow Canada...................................24 like burning plastic. can be sent to a laboratory as further
Imbrium Systems.......................................2
Master Meter ..............................................3
Millions of Poles heat their homes evidence if needed. It is equipped with
Mueller.......................................................39 with low-quality coal, scrap pieces of five sensors and is used for fast inspec-
National Water & Wastewater wood and even garbage, releasing not tions and continuous monitoring of
Conference 2018.......................................42 only smog but also dangerous chemicals. multiple chemicals.
NETZSCH Canada......................................52 This is illegal under the new Polish law. All investigators need to do is to fly
Ontario Clean Water Agency....................68 The City of Katowice in southern the drone up to the stack height, and
Orival Water Filters...................................28
Poland, with a population of 297,197, full information, including all sensor
Parsons......................................................54
Pentair.......................................................57 is a large coal and steel centre and one readings, humidity, temperature and
Pro Aqua......................................................9 of the worst polluted cities in Europe. GPS position, will be sent to the ground
SanEcoTec ................................................16 City police have begun fighting pollut- station and the cloud-based monitoring
Scentroid...................................................34 ers using Scentroid DR1000 flying labs. software automatically.
Sentrimax..................................................29 While the DR1000 can be configured to The DR1000 flying laboratory can
Smith & Loveless......................................27
detect hundreds of pollutants, for this also provide continuous monitoring of
SPD Sales...................................................20
Stantec......................................................20
application, particulate PM1-10, ethanol, PM 1, 2.5 and 10, using a laser scattered
SyLogix Consulting...................................48 formaldehyde, ammonia and hydrogen particulate counter.
Testmark...................................................23 chloride are monitored. These chemicals The technology is available in Canada
USF Fabrication........................................13 provide evidence of burning of illegal through Scentroid.
Victaulic.....................................................35 material.
Vissers Sales..............................................33 Special police units deploy the drone For more information, email:
Walkerton Clean Water Centre................52
in residential neighborhoods, monitor- hesam.k@scentroid.com, or visit
Waterra.................................... 13, 22, 41, 49
WEFTEC.....................................................40 ing for elevated levels of pollutants. It www.scentroid.com
WSP............................................................19 can cover a large area and, if pollutants
Xylem...........................................................7 are found, it is directed to take readings

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