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General instructions
• This paper consists of nine questions.
• Answer any five questions.
• A non-programmable electronic calculator may be used but candidates must show
sufficient steps to justify their answers.
• Drawings should be clear, in good proportion and in pencil. Do not use red ink.
• All questions carry equal marks. The maximum marks for each section within a
question are shown.
1 An ac circuit is shown in Figure Q1, where resistances, inductances and capacitance
are indicated. Voltage sources connected to the circuit are given as e1(t) =120sin(314t)
V,e2(t)=80sin(314t+30°) V, and e3(t)=100sin(314t-120°) V.
Figure Q1
2
4 a) Explain with necessary sketches how a megger is used to measure insulation
resistance between conductor and sheath of a two core cable. (4 marks)
b) i) Show how two wattmeters can be used to measure power of a three-phase
balanced system. (4 marks)
ii) Derive a formula to determine power factor of the load using readings of the
two wattmeters. (4 marks)
c) A star connected three-phase balanced load is fed by a 400 V (line-line) three
phase three wire system. The power absorbed by the load is measured using
two wattmeters. The reading of the wattmeters are –1800 W and 3600 W.
Calculate the following.
i) Three phase power. (2 marks)
ii) Power factor. (3 marks)
iii) Per-phase impedance. (3 marks)
5 a) Write down the three NPN BJT configurations, and draw a circuit diagram for each
of them. (6 marks)
b) Consider the circuit shown in Figure Q5a and convert it into the circuit shown in
Figure Q5b by using Thevenin’s theorem. Calculate the following assuming
VCC = 20 V, VBE = 0.3 V, R1 = 100 K, R2 = 25 K, RC = 4 K, RE = 6 K, β = 50.
i) Rth (2 marks)
ii) Vth (2 marks)
iii) IB (2 marks)
iv) IC (2 marks)
v) IE (3 marks)
vi) VCE (3 marks)
VO = –CR d(vin)
dt
Figure Q6
7 a) Simplify the following Boolean expressions using Boolean algebra and K – map.
–– – –
i) AC + BC + ABC + ABC. (2 marks)
–– –– – ––– – –
ii) ABD + ABC D + ABCD + ABD + A BCD. (2 marks)
b) Minimise the following function using K – map and implement the minimised
function using NAND gates.
f (A, B, C) = ∑ 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 (3 marks)
c) Implement the following functions using NOR gates having a maximum fan-in
of three.
– – ––
f = AB + BC D +ABD (3 marks)
d) A device accepts numbers in the range 0000 to 1111 that represent 0 to 15. The
output of the circuit is true if the inputs to the circuit represent a prime number
and is false otherwise. Design a circuit using AND, OR and NOT gates to carry out
this function.
(Note: A prime number is an integer that is greater than 1 and is divisible only by
itself and 1. Zero and 1 are not prime numbers) (10 marks)
4
9 a) Explain the working principle of a thermistor. (2 marks)
b) Give one reason why it might be preferred as a thermometric device instead of a
platinum resistance thermometer. (2 marks)
c) Give one reason why a platinum resistance thermometer might be preferred
instead of a thermistor. (2 marks)
Figure Q9a
Figure Q9b