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Android Adventures - Getting Started With Android Studio
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The next dialog box allows you to select the icon used for your
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The next dialog box asks you to select the type of Activity you
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want to create. Every Android app consists of at least one
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Activity - you can think of it as the basic unit of app
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construction. We need to talk much more about Activities later
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but for the moment simply select a Blank Activity.
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(2e) For our simple program there are only two important files one
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and one that determines most of the visual appearance
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and Practice Using C++ The MainActivity.java file can be found in the src/main/java
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Anatomy Of An Activity

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Android Adventures - Getting Started With Android Studio Página 3 de 4

An Android app is made up of one or more Activities. You can

think of an Activity as being something like a web page
complete with HTML to determine what displays and JavaScript
to determine what it does.
In the case of an activity the layout is determined by the XML file
in resource (res) directory and the behavior is determined by the
Java code in the Java directory.
The XML can be thought of as a markup language much like
HTML or XAML. It defines an initial layout for the screen when
the app first runs. It is possible to generate new layout
components are run time from the Java file. In fact if you really
want to you can dispense with the XML file and generate
everything from Java but as you will discover the XML markup
approach is much the best way to do the job - because of the
availability of the Designer.
Let's take a look at the two files that have been generated for
our initial Hello World application beginning with the XML
layout.

Hello Designer
First the XML layout file. Double click on activity_main.xml file in
the Project tab and the file will open - but not as an XML file as
you might expect. What you see when you open a layout file is
the drag-and-drop layout designer.
This looks a little too much to take in when you first see it but
you will quickly get used to it.
On the left is a Palette of all of the components - buttons, text,
checkboxes and so on - that you can place on the design
surface.
In the middle is the design surface and this defaults to the
screen size and appearance of the Nexus 4. You can select
other devices to work with.
On the right you have the Component Tree which shows you the
structure of your layout - its the same as the nesting structure of
the XML file. Below the Component Tree you have the
Properties window that can be used to set the properties of any
component in the layout.
If you have used any drag-and-drop designer then this one will
be familiar to you. If you have struggled with the detailed layout
using a markup language be it HTML, XAML or XML then you
will like how easy the designer makes building and testing a UI.
In the case of our sample program the only component uses is a
single TextView already containing the text "Hello World". You
can modify the greeting text if you want to. Select the TextView
component and use the Properties window to find its Text
property. Change this to read "Hello Android World". Don't worry
about the form of the original entry starting with an @ and
looking complicated just type the string in as given.

You can use the designer to create any UI you care to and you
really don't have to get involved in the XML that corresponds to
the layout. The designer will automatically generate the XML
needed to create the layout for you and modify it as you change
the layout. If you really want to see the XML then all you have to
do is select the Text tab at the bottom of the designer window.
You should find it fairly easy to understand but leave it to the
designer to modify it.
We will return to the designer and the XML it generates later.

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Last Updated ( Tuesday, 08 October 2013 12:42 )

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