ABB Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems

Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems HEC, HGC
Data and Dimensions
ABB Power Transmission
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Contents
Application 3 Voltage transformer 11
Characteristics 3 Surge arrester 11
Modular design concept 4 Surge capacitor 11
Equipment options 5 Terminals 12
Standards and quality 5 Phase enclosure 12
Generator circuit-breaker 5 Control and supervision 12
Disconnector 8 Tests 13
Earthing switch 9 Transport to site 13
Starting switch 9 Site erection and commissioning 13
Manual short-circuiting connection 9 Maintenance 13
Short-circuiting-/braking switch 10 Technical data and dimensions 14
Current transformer 10
Application
The Generator Circuit-Breaker System type System is also suitable for retrofitting in exi-
HEC and HGC has been developed as a sy- sting power plants, when these are moderni-
stem suitable for application in all types of po- sed, extended and/or automated. It is availa-
wer plants. ble for both indoor and outdoor application.
The HEC and HGC Generator Circuit-Breaker
Characteristics
• 3-phase system with a SF6 circuit-breaker permanent with switch (for braking) or to be
and disconnector in series with the circuit- mounted manually (for power plant protec-
breaker, in single-phase enclosures, sup- tion setting), current- and voltage transfor-
plied fully ensembled on a common frame, mers, surge capacitors, surge arrester, all
with operating mechanisms, supervisory integrated and mounted in the phase enclo-
and control equipment. sures, can be provided.
• Additional components as earthing swit- • The phase distance can be selected to suit
ches, starting switch (for starting of gastur- the busbar spacing in the power plant.
bines), short-circuiting connection either
Standards and quality

The Generator Circuit-Breaker System type ABB High Voltage Technologies Ltd. is conti-
HEC and HGC fulfil the requirements of all re- nuously endeavoured to improve its quality-
levant standards, i.e. IEEE (ANSI) Std assurance-system; this has been recently
C37.013 and IEC 60694, IEC 60129, IEC new assessed by The Swiss Association for
60044-1/2, IEC 60099-4, IEC 60358, IEC Quality and Management Systems with the
60529, IEC 61166. SQS-certificate ISO 9001 / ISO 14001.
Modular design concept
The standard design includes: As required by the plant layout, individual compo-
• SF6 circuit-breaker and disconnector nents can be deleted from the standard execution.
• Earthing switches on one or both sides The standard execution can be extended by the
• Current transformers on one or both sides with following optional items:
up to three cores per current transformer (depen- • Short-circuiting connection - either permanently
ding on the class) fitted with switch (for braking), or to be manually
• One or two voltage transformers on one or both mounted (for power plant protection setting)
sides with one or two secondary windings • Surge arrester on transformer side.
• Starting switch for (reduced voltage) starting the
gas turboset via SFC (Static Frequency Converter)
• Surge capacitors on both sides.
View into one pole of circuit-breaker type HGC 3
Equipment options
20
7
19
9 10 11 12 15
G T
13 16 3 1 2 4 17 14
5
1 Generator circuit-breaker 9 - 12 Voltage transformers
2 Disconnector 13,14 Current transformers
3, 4 Earthing switches 15 Surge arrester
5 Starting switch for gas turbines 16,17 Surge capacitors
7 Braking switch (HEC only) 19 System enclosure
or manual short-circuiting connection 20 Earthing link
Generator circuit-breaker
Interrupting chamber
Within the interrupting chamber SF6 gas is used for
both arc extinguishing and internal insulation. The ex-
ternal insulation is air.
For the interruption a combination of the self-existin-
guishing and the puffer principle is used, a design op-
timised to achieve a significant reduction in operating
energy.
This self-pressurising principle allows high breaking
capacities as well as almost overvoltage-free interrup-
tion of small (inductive) currents.
Separate contact systems for breaking and for conti-
nuous current carrying are used. This avoids wear /
erosion of the continuous current contacts and ensures
trouble-free current carrying even after a large number
of operations.
Interrupting chamber of the circuit-breaker type HEC 3. On the
right the terminal is visible, while on the left a concentric ring
of spring loaded contact fingers can be seen. This ring forms
the fixed contact which accepts the cylindrical moving contact
of the disconnector.
The circuit-breaker contacts are operated by a shaft passing
from below, through the vertical support insulator.
Mode of operation of the interrupting chamber of the HEC 3-6 circuit-breaker
7
a Circuit-breaker CLOSED
2
b Initiation of opening movement,
3 (transfer of current from the main
contacts to the arcing contacts)
4
c Separation of arcing contacts with
a b interruption of small currents
supported by puffer action
9 6 5
d Separation of arcing contacts with
1 interruption of large currents –
supported by the thermal effect of the
2 current arc itself to build up the
3 pressure in the heating volume
e Circuit-breaker OPEN
9
c d
1 Terminals
7 6 5 4 8 2 Cylindrical coil
3 Fixed arcing contact
4 Moving arcing contact
5 Fixed main contacts
6 Moving main contact
7 Puffer
8 Heating volume
e 9 Gas compartment
Hydraulic spring drive
The hydraulic spring operating mechanism combines The operating mechanism is based on the so-called
the advantages of a hydraulic operating mechanism differential piston principle (between the larger piston
with those of a spring energy storage system. Energy head side area and the smaller piston rod side area).
storage is accomplished with the aid of a disk spring For the closing operation the piston head side is iso-
assembly, with the advantages of high long-term sta- lated from the low pressure and simultaneously
bility, reliability and non-influence of temperature connected to the high pressure oil volume. As long as
changes. Tripping of the operating mechanism and the pressure is maintained, the piston remains in the
energy output are based on proven design elements CLOSED position. A pressure controlled mechanical
of the hydraulic operating technique, such as control interlock prevents movement of the piston to the
valves and hydraulic cylinders. OPEN position in case of a pressure drop.
High pressure 1 Breaker operating rod

Low pressure 2 Energy storage device
Schematic diagram of the hydraulic spring operating View of the hydraulic spring operating mecha-
mechanism nism with cover removed
For the opening operation, the piston head side is A non-return valve between pump and high-pressu-
isolated from the high pressure and simultaneous- re oil volume prevents pressure loss in the event of
ly connected to the low pressure oil volume. a pump outage. The hydraulic system is hermetical-
ly sealed against atmosphere (no corrosion). The
The charging state of the spring disk assembly is mechanically operated position indicator provides
controlled by switching elements, actuating the reliable indication of the circuit-breaker position.
pump motor to immediately maintain the oil pres-
sure. For emergency use or maintenance, charging The drive operates all three breaker poles simulta-
of the spring disk assembly and tripping is possi- neously by mechanical linkages, thus keeping the
ble locally. The fully integrated construction has no switching time difference between the poles to a mi-
hydraulic pipe connections of any kind. nimum.
SF6 gas density monitoring system

The breaking capacity of an SF6 circuit-breaker The functional principle of the density monitor is
and the dielectric withstand level across its open shown in below diagram. The density monitor ope-
contacts is dependent upon the density of the SF6 rates according to the reference-volume-density
gas. Under the condition of constant volume the principle. The density of the gas in the circuit-brea-
gas density is independent of the gas temperature, ker chamber is compared with the density of the
while the pressure varies with the temperature. It is gas in a sealed reference gas volume. When the
therefore more practical to measure and use the gas density drops below the specified value, the
gas density rather than the pressure for circuit- density monitor signals the loss of SF6 gas in se-
breaker supervisory purposes. veral steps.
It is mounted on the crankcase of the middle pole.
Since the gas volumes of the three breaker poles
are connected via the refilling pipe only one SF6
gas density monitor per breaker is required to su-
pervise the gas density.
Schematic diagram of the SF6 gas density monitor

1 Pressure connection 4 Reference gas volume
2 SF6 gas volume of 5 Actuating rod P/t-diagram for SF6 gas, with operating cha-
the circuit-breaker 6 Microswitch racteristics of the gas density monitor for the
3 Metallic bellows SF6 circuit-breaker
Disconnector
The switchgear concept provides a disconnector fitted in series with the circuit-breaker. It is placed on the
out- going side of circuit-breaker and within the same enclosure.
The disconnector is a tubular telescopic unit, with the moving contact tube on the circuit-breaker side and the
fixed contact on the terminal side. This layout provides easy access and simplifies maintenance.
In the open position of the disconnector the isolating air distance can be clearly seen through an inspection
window in the cover of the enclosure. The moving contact is motor driven.
SF6 circuit-breaker pole type HEC 3 and its disconnector, shown installed in its phase enclosure. The disconnector on the left, is shown with
its moving contact stopped in an intermediate position between closed and open. The terminals on both ends are formed with silver plated
multi contact surfaces to fit the flexible connectors to the bus bars.
The operating mechanism is a compact sub-as-

sembly, including the motor, auxilary switch, reduc-
tion gear box and coupling flanges in one unit.
Key locking in the positions “Close” and “Open” is
a standard facility. An additional locking prevents
motor operation while the disconnector is being
manually operated. Mechanically driven position
indicator is provided in a readily visible position and
a crank handle is provided for manual operation.
The yellow sticker shows the different
operation modes of the key locking sche-
me of the individual motor operating me-
chanisms, which all of them operate in the
same way.
Besides the drive of the circuit-breaker, other operating me-

chanisms, as for disconnector, earthing switch, starting switch
are shown.
The operating mechanisms for disconnector and all switches
are identical. They incorporate a driving motor and gearing, a
mechanical semaphore, key locking and an electrical auxilary
switch.
Earthing switch
The earthing switch can be provided on either one
or both sides of the system. The switch and its
connections are designed for protective earthing
purposes, i.e. it is rated for the full fault current but
has no current making or continuous carrying ca-
pacity.
Design is of a blade type with the hinge point
connected to the enclosure and the fixed contact
to the current path. The earthing connection is ma-
de via the system enclosure, which is earthed at
one end to the busbar enclosure. The moving
contact is motor driven.
Starting switch
The starting switch can be provided on the gene-
rator side of the system. The starting switch and its
connections have been designed for the voltage,
current and current-duration occurring during the
SFC (Static Frequency Converter) start-up period
of the gas turboset. The design is of a blade type
with the fixed contacts at the current path and the
hinge point isolated from the enclosure. High vol-
Breaker type HEC
tage cables can be connected to this. The moving Earthing switch or starting switch shown in closed position.
contact is motor driven.
Manual short-circuiting connection

The manual short-circuiting connection can be provided for the use between the circuit-breaker and the dis-
connector of the system. This arrangement has been designed for installations where the short-circuiting faci-
lity is only rarely used. The short-circuiting connection is built for the voltage, current and current duration oc-
curring during the testing and adjustment of the power plant protection system.
The cover of each of the phase enclosures has to be removed to allow the fitting of the short-circuiting busbars.
Short-circuiting-/braking switch
The short-circuiting-/braking switch (HEC 3-6
only) can be provided between the circuit-
breaker and the disconnector of the system.
The short-circuiting-/braking switch and its
connection between phases have been deve-
loped to expedite the testing and adjustment
of the power plant protection system, respec-
tively for the use as an electrical brake to
shut-down the generator set.
Closure of the switch establishes an unear-
thed three phase short-circuit, which then
can be switched to the generator terminals by
closure of the circuit-breaker.
The design of the switch is of a sliding type
with the moving contact isolated from the en-
closure and the fixed contact connected to
the current path.
The actual short-circuiting connection bet-
ween the phases is established external to
the enclosure and being insulated from the
enclosure (2000V), and is protected against
Braking switch contacts - shown in closed position - establish via integra-
inadvertently touching. ted buses a connection between the three phases. Braking switch and bus
The moving contact is motor driven. is isolated from the enclosure.
As an additional feature, a link can be provi- The contacts of the braking switch are normally motor operated, but can
also be operated by means of a hand crank. The operating mechanism is
ded with which the short-circuit connection
mounted on the braking switch housing.
can be connected to the phase enclosure i.e.,
to earth. This link can only be fitted manually.
Current transformer
A ring core current transformer can be provi-
ded on either one or both sides of the breaker
system. Depending on the class up to three
cores per current transformer can be accom-
modated, depending on output and class re-
quired. The secondary windings are perma-
nently wired back to terminal blocks in the
control cubicle.
Ring core current transformers with up to 3 cores per transformer can be

mounted at each end of each phase enclosure.
Voltage transformer
Single-phase, cast resin voltage transformers can be provided on either one or both sides of the breaker sy-
stem. Up to two voltage transformers can be fitted at each side and each voltage transformer can be supplied
with one or two secondary windings, depending on the class and output power required. The secondary win-
dings are permanently wired back to terminal blocks in the control cubicle.
Surge arrester
A surge arrester can be fitted on the
transformer side, to provide protection
for transformer and generator against
overvoltages. Standard is an ABB me-
tal-oxide surge arrester of the POLIM
range with silicon housing. Metal-oxide
resistors have a highly non-linear resi-
stance characteristic. At service volta-
ge a predominantly capacitive current
of <1mA flows. Any voltage increase
leads to a rapid increase of the current,
thereby limiting any further rise in the
voltage. When the voltage decreases,
the condition reverts to its essential
non-conducting state. Metal-oxide sur-
ge arresters are characterised by the
residual voltage, i.e. the voltage during Dependent upon the rated voltage, the voltage transformers are fitted on the same
the passage of an impulse current. support frame as the surge arrester, or on the side panel of the phase enclosure.
Surge capacitor
Surge capacitors are fitted on both sides of the breaker
system, to provide additional protection against overvol-
tages and to support arc extinction in the circuit-breaker
by TRV limitation.
The surge capacitors are fitted outside the phase enclo-
sure with only the porcelain bushings protruding into the
phase enclosure.
Surge capacitors are installed in such a manner that only their

porcelain bushings protrude into the phase enclosure.
Terminals
The current path of the system is connected to the busbar current path by bolted flexible, laminated or stran-
ded connectors.
In order to avoid detrimental tensile stresses to the terminals, resulting from electro-dynamic forces of a short-
circuit current, the flexible connectors must be supported at the midpoint by a ring having the same diameter
as the terminals. These rings reduce the contraction of the flexible connectors and the subsequent tensile for-
ces on switchgear components, under short-circuit current conditions.
Note: The flexible connectors are not part of the scope of supply of the GCB system, usually they are supplied by the IPB supplier.
Phase enclosure
The phase enclosures are designed to carry
the induced reverse current, flowing through
the isolated phase busbar enclosures. Thus
the external magnetic field and its influence to
the equipment is minimised. As standard, the
phase enclosure is welded onto the busbar
enclosure, ensuring continuity of the phase
enclousure characteristics. On the other
hand, the phase enclosures effectively elimi-
nate any possibilty of accidental contact with
live components. In order to avoid pollution
due to ingress of dust and/or moisture, the
phase enclosures are made airtight to with-
stand also a small internal overpressure. Win-
dows are provided in the phase enclosures
near to the disconnector, earthing switches
and starting switch, to allow visually checking
of the position of each of them. Phase enclosures and control cubicle of GCB system type HEC 7/8
Control and supervision

All control and supervisory apparatuses are
mounted in the control cubicle. The control
cubicle is placed on the operating mechanism
side of the system above the operating me-
chanisms of the circuit-breaker, disconnector
etc., but is not mechanically connected with
the common frame of the breaker system.
Upon request, the control cubicle can also be
placed at the opposite side.
An active mimic diagram is provided with the
actual position indications and the integrated
local control of the circuit-breaker and all
other switching apparatuses.
It is mounted in a swing panel behind the
glass window of the front panel of the control
cubicle.
In the control cubicle there are also installed a
local / remote change-over switch and coun-
ters for C-O operations of the circuit-breaker
and pump startings of the circuit-breaker drive.
Tests
Type tests
The performance of the generator circuit-breaker • Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits
system was fully tested by the High Power Labora- • Measurements of the resistance of the main
tory of KEMA/Netherlands in accordance to the circuit
standard IEEE C37.013 with regard to the interrup- • Mechanical operation tests
ting capability. • Timing tests and recording the switching
times and movement of breaker contacts
Further type tests were carried out with all of the • Functional tests of individual components
related components within the system to prove • Leakage test of phase enclosures
continuous current capability, dielectric strength, • SF6 gas leakage test.
long term endurance, noise level etc. and verify the
liability and compliance with the requirements of
the relevant IEC-standards.
Routine tests
After production, but prior to dispatch, the system
is subject to an extensive test program, as:
• Design and visual checks
• Dielectric tests on the main circuit
Transport to site
The entire system is fully assembled and tested to It is hence dispatched from the factory and trans-
gether with all its ancillary equipment in the factory. ported to site as a single unit.
Note: Exception - control cubicle according to ANSI standard.
Site erection and commissioning

Site erection requires a well prepared foundation. enclosures onto the busbar enclosures, the moun-
Due to the fact, that the system is delivered as ting of the flexible high-current connections, the
a single, fully assembled, wired and tested unit, the connecting of the electrical supply cables and the
time, required for erection, testing and commissio- performing of the commissioning tests.
ning is extremely short.
The only substantial site work is the welding of the
Maintenance
Removal of the phase enclosure top covers provi- DRM-methode (Dynamic Resistance Measure-
des easy access to the active components of each ment), which has been specifically developed for
phase, including the instrument transformers, sur- generator circuit-breakers by ABB High Voltage
ge capacitors and surge arrester. Maintenance can Technologies Ltd. This allows to optimise the ser-
be scheduled based on service time, number vice intervals also for frequent switching of higher
of C/O-operations or number of current interrupti- service currents. The DRM-Measurement system
ons. The contact erosion can be measured without can be ordered separately.
opening the interrupting chamber with the
Technical data and dimensions
Generator circuit-breaker system type HEC 3/4 HEC 5/6
General:
• Rated maximum voltage 25.3 25.3 kV
• Rated frequency 50/60 50/60 Hz
• Rated continuous current 50Hz 12/13 12/13 kA, rms
• Rated continuous current 60Hz 11,5/12,5 11,5/12,5 kA, rms
• Rated insulation level:
• Rated power frequency withstand voltage
• to earth and across circuit-breaker/switch contacts 60 60 kV, rms
• across isolating distance of disconnector 70 70 kV, rms
• Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage
• to earth and across circuit-breaker/switch contacts *) 125 125 kV, peak
• across isolating distance of disconnector 145 145 kV, peak
Circuit-Breaker:
• Rated peak withstand current 300 360 kA, peak
• Rated short-time withstand current 100 120 kA, 3s
• Rated short-circuit making current 300 360 kA, peak
• Rated short-circuit breaking current 100 120 kA, rms
• Rated operating sequence CO -30min - CO
• Rated interrupting time 60 60 ms
Disconnector:
• Operating time 2 2 s
Earthing Switch:
*) On request BIL = 150 kV peak possible

Dimension drawing HEC 3-6
TRANSFORMER SIDE
GENERATOR SIDE
Generator circuit-breaker system type HEC 7 HEC 8
General:
• Rated maximum voltage 30 30 kV, rms
• Rated frequency 50/60 50/60 Hz
• Rated continuous current 24/22 28/26 kA
• to earth and across circuit-breaker/switch contacts 80 80 kV, rms
• across isolating distance of disconnector 88 88 kV, rms
• to earth and across circuit-breaker/switch contacts 150 150 kV, peak
• across isolating distance of disconnector 165 165 kV, peak
Circuit-Breaker:
• Rated short-time withstand current 200 200 kA/3s
• Rated short-circuit making current 440 440 kA, peak
• Rated short-circuit breaking current 160 160 kA, rms
• Rated operating sequence CO -30min - CO
• Rated interrupting time 53 53 ms
Disconnector:
• Rated short-time withstand current 200 200 kA/3s
Earthing Switch:
Dimension drawing HEC 7/8
TRANSFORMER SIDE
GENERATOR SIDE
Generator circuit-breaker system type HGC 3
General:
• Rated maximum voltage 21 kV, rms
• Rated frequency 50/60 Hz
• Rated continuous current 7,7/7,5 kA
• to earth and across circuit-breaker/switch contacts 60 kV, rms
• across isolating distance of disconnector 70 kV, rms
• to earth and across circuit-breaker/switch contacts 125 kV, peak
• across isolating distance of disconnector 145 kV, peak
Circuit-Breaker:
• Rated peak withstand current 190 kA, peak
• Rated short-time withstand current 63 kA/3s
• Rated short-circuit making current 190 kA, peak
• Rated short-circuit breaking current 63 kA, rms
• Rated operating sequence CO -30min -CO
• Rated interrupting time 55 ms
Disconnector:
• Rated short-time withstand current 63 kA/3s
• Operating time 2 s
Earthing Switch:
• Rated short-time withstand current 63 kA, 1s
• Operating time 2 s
Dimension drawing HGC 3
TRANSFORMER SIDE
GENERATOR SIDE
Range of ABB generator circuit-breaker systems
160
Un = 24-30kV
Short Circuit Current in kA
HEC 3-8
63
Un = 21kV
50
HGC-3 (HGI 3)
Un = 17.5kV
HGI 2 Load Current in A
6300 A 7’700 A (8000)A 28’000 A
ABB Power Transmission
In pursuance of our policy of continuing product improvement, equipment described in this publication is subject to change without notification.
Notes:
ABB Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems worldwide
W E R B E AT E L I E R A . C A R O P P O F 3 8 0
CHHOS/AG2025.00E rev. “0”
Contact:
ABB High Voltage Technologies Ltd

Division AG High Current Systems
P.O.Box 8546
8050 Zurich / Switzerland
Phone: +41 (0)1 318 3424
Fax: +41 (0)1 318 1644
Internet: http://www.abb.com/ch

ABB Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems

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ABB Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems

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Formatos disponíveis

Generator Circuit-Breaker Systems HEC, HGC

Data and Dimensions

ABB Power Transmission

Standards and quality

Page 3 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

View into one pole of circuit-breaker type HGC 3

Page 4 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Page 5 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Hydraulic spring drive

High pressure 1 Breaker operating rod

Page 6 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

SF6 gas density monitoring system

Schematic diagram of the SF6 gas density monitor

Page 7 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

The operating mechanism is a compact sub-as-

Besides the drive of the circuit-breaker, other operating me-

Page 8 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Manual short-circuiting connection

Page 9 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Ring core current transformers with up to 3 cores per transformer can be

Page 10 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Surge capacitors are installed in such a manner that only their

Page 11 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Control and supervision

Page 12 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Site erection and commissioning

Page 13 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

*) On request BIL = 150 kV peak possible

Page 14 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Dimension drawing HEC 7/8

Page 15 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Dimension drawing HGC 3

Page 16 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

ABB Power Transmission

Page 17 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

Page 18 of 20 ABB Power Transmission

ABB High Voltage Technologies Ltd

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