CỘNG HOÀ XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM

SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM

QCXDVN 01: 2008/BXD

QUY CHUẨN XÂY DỰNG VIỆT NAM

QUY HOẠCH XÂY DỰNG
Vietnam Building Code.
Regional and Urban Planning and Rural Residental Planning

HANOI - 2008

MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION
 QCXDVN 01: 2008/BXD

VIETNAM BUILDING CODE.

REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING AND RURAL
RESIDENTAL PLANNING

HANOI - 2008

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Vietnam Building Code QCXDVN 01: 2008/ BXD is compiled by
National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning, submitted for
approval by Department of Science and Technology and
promulgated by Ministry of Construction according to Decision No.
04/2008/QD-BXD dated on 3/4/2008. This code is examined and
replaced Part II, volume I, Vietnam Building Code enclosed
Decision 682/BXD-CSXD dated on 14/12/1996 by Ministry of
Construction.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

CHAPTER I. COMMON REGULATIONS..............................................................................6

1.1 Scope of application.....................................................................................6
1.2 Interpretation of terms..................................................................................6
1.3 Work protection and isolated distance of sanitation and safety.....................8
1.4 Requirements of building planning ..............................................................9

CHAPTER II. SPACE PLANNING.....................................................................................14

2.1 Regional space planning.............................................................................14
2.2 Space organization in urban general planning............................................14
2.3 Detailed urban planning..............................................................................15
2.4 Living units planning..................................................................................17
2.5 Systematic planning of urban services........................................................18
2.6 Urban verdure planning..............................................................................19
2.7 Planning of industrial zones and storage zones..........................................21
2.8 Urban architecture......................................................................................24
2.9 Subterraneous space planning.....................................................................32
2.10 Reconstruction of old urban areas..............................................................33
2.11 Rural residental planning............................................................................36

CHAPTER III. TECHNICAL PREPARATION PLANNING..........................................41

3.1 Common regulations of technical preparation planning.............................41
3.2 Regional technical preparation planning....................................................42
3.3 Urban technical preparation planning.........................................................42
3.4 Rural residental tecnical preparation planning............................................43

CHAPTER IV. TRAFFIC PLANNING...............................................................................45

4.1 Common regulations of traffic planning.....................................................45
4.2 Regional traffic planning............................................................................45
4.3 Urban traffic planning................................................................................45
4.4 Rural residental traffic planning.................................................................55

CHAPTER V. WATER SUPPLY PLANNING....................................................................56

5.1 Water supply system protection..................................................................56
5.2 Regional water supply planning.................................................................56
5.3 Urban water supply planning......................................................................57
5.4 Rural residental water supply planning.......................................................61

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CHAPTER VI. WASTED WATER TREATMENT, CEMETERY AND SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT.......................................................................................62
6.1 Common regulations..................................................................................62
6.2 Regional wasted water treatment, cemetery and solid waste management. 68
6.3 Urban wasted water treatment, cemetery and solid waste management.....68
6.4 Rural residental wasted water treatment, cemetery and solid waste
management...............................................................................................69

CHAPTER VII. ELECTRICITY SUPPLY PLANNING...................................................70

7.1 Requirements of electricity supply planning..............................................70
7.2 Regional electricity supply planning .........................................................70
7.3 Urban electricity supply planning...............................................................71
7.4 Rural residental electricity supply planning................................................75
APPENDIX ……………………………………………………………………… 80

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CHAPTER I. COMMON REGULATIONS

1.1 Scope of application

Vietnam Building Planning Code contains mandatory stipulations in drafting,

accession and approval of building planning design and is considered as legal bases to
manage the promulgation, application of building planning standards and building rules
according to local planning.

1.2 Interpretation of terms

1) Building planning: organizing or organizing orientation of regional space, rural
residental and urban space, technical infrastructure system, social infrastructure, creating
favorable living environment for local people, harmonizing national benefits and
community benefits, satisfying aims of socio-economic development, security, national
defence and environmental protection.
2) Urban: Central residental area with a view to enhancing socio-economic
development of a region, having appropriate urban infrastructure, the minimum
population of 4.000 people ( minimum 2.800 people in moutainous areas) and minimum
non-argicultural labour rate of 65%. Urban consists of city, town and urban funtional
areas.
3) Urban area: constructed area with one or many urban funtions limited by natural
boundary, artificial boundary or main streets. Urban area includes living units, urban
services or common services for the whole urban area or region.
4) Living units: funtional area comprising of living houses, service works such as
kindergarten, primary and secondary school, health center, market, sport center, cultural
center and other service centers to meet the daily demands of people …, flower garden,
play-ground, internal traffic street, car park … Service works in living units have the
serving radius of less than or equal 500m. Living unit has the maximum population of
20.000, minimum population of 4.000 (2.800 in mountainous areas). Urban main streets
do not separate living unit. Precinct administrative center is placed depending on the size
and management. Land for precinct administrative center belongs to living unit. Based on
planning solution, living unit can be fixed with other works besides above functional
areas but land for these works is not in living unit.
5) Living houses: limited by area boundaries (see Table 4.4)
- Tenement blocks contain land using area of tenement blocks, streets, internal
play-grounds, internal car park and garden.
- Nhóm nhà ở liên kế, detached houses comprise of the area of households’ living
land, streets (common streets towards households), flower garden and play-grounds.
- Internal play-grounds can be allowed to set up community cultural centers in
appropriate the demand of people in serving scope.
6) Living land: land using area of tenement blocks or là diện tích trong khuôn viên các
lô đất ở dạng liên kế và nhà ở riêng lẻ (bao gồm diện tích chiếm đất của các công trình
nhà ở liên kế và nhà ở riêng lẻ và sân vườn, đường dẫn riêng vào nhà ở liên kế hoặc nhà
ở riêng lẻ đó, không bao gồm đường giao thông chung).

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7) Urban building land: constructing urban functional areas (including urban
infrastructure system). Reverse land for development, forestry and agriculture land and
land at the outside of urban functional areas have no relation with urban building land.
8) Urban land:
- Urban land is the land inside city and town.
- Surburban land planned and approved by competent authorities for urban
development is managed as urban land.
9) Living area: urban area with major functions of living and daily activities of people
with no size distinction.
10) Structure of urban development strategy: structure of space organization to
implement urban development strategy. Space structure identifies the relationship among
urban units.
11) Urban technical infrastructure including:
- Traffic system;
- Energy supply system;
- Public light system;
- Water supply and drainage system;
- Waste management system, environmental sanitation;
- Cemetery system;
- Other technical infrastructure.
12) Urban social infrastructure including:
- Living houses;
- Public works and services: centers of health, culture, education, sports,
commerce and other urban services;
- Square, park, verdure, water surface;
- Urban administrative offices;
- Other social infrastructure works.
13) Composite works (or composite using land): works or land funds used for many
different objectives (for example: living combines service business and/or production ...).
14) Building density:
a) Net building density (net-tô) is the rate of using land of building works per total
land area (not including the area of works such as: decorating area, swimming pool,
outside sports (except for tennis court and fixed sport grounds accounting for space
on the land), tank…).
b) Gross building density (brut-tô) is the area of land of architectural works per
total land area (total land area consists of streets, verdure, open space and area
without building works).
15) Red landmark: seperating among land types for works, traffic street or technical
infrastructure.
16) Building landmark: allowable limit to build houses and works on that land.

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17) Subterraneous building landmark: allowable limit to build subterraneous houses
and works (not including subterraneous technical infrastructure system).
18) Building set-back: distance between red landmark and building landmark.
19) Limited elevation: building height needs obeying in accordance with the standard of
technical preparation planning.
20) Safe distance of environment: safe distance to protect water from waste sources
(pumping station, wasted water treatment plant, biological lakes, solid waste treatment
plant, cemetary, crematory, industrial process area and homescraft...) to social
infrastructure works.
21) Safe corridor of electricity network: air space with length, width and height along
the power wire system or power station.

1.3 Work protection and isolated distance of sanitation and safety

In building planning, building management needs follow professional regulations of

work protection and isolated distance of sanitation and safety including:
1) Protection for technical infrastructure works:
- Dykes and irrigrational works;
- Traffic works: road, railway, waterway, airway;
- Communication route system;
- High-tension grid;
- Oil and gas pipeline;
- Water supply and drainage works;
- Water source.
2) Protection for cultural and historical monuments, famous landscape and reserves.
3) Protection for security, national defence.
4) Isolated distance between civil areas and:
- Homecraft and industrial enterprises;
- Storage areas;
- Pumping station, wasted water plant;
- Solid waste treatment and cemetery;
- Mine explosing positions to exploit coal, soil, stone.
5) Safe distance to avoid fire among work types:
- Houses and civil works;
- Industrial works and other works;
- Fuel storage, oil and gas storage, distribution station and other works.
6) Flying safe distance.
7) Safe distance in areas that can happen natural disasters, topographical changes
(depression, cracking, devolution, flood …), radioactivity.

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1.4 Requirements of building planning
1.4.1 Common regulations

Building planning meets the following requirements:

1) Obey current legal documents on building planning.
2) Follow legal stipulations related to the protection for technical works, national
defense works, cultural and historical monuments and environment.
3) Suit local characters:
- Natural conditions: topography, hydrography, land, water source, environment,
climate, natural resources, landscape;
- Economy: state and development potentials;
- Society: population, custom, belief...
4) Ensure the efficiency of new construction and reconstruction of urban area,
residential area and industrial area:
- Guarantee safety, sanitation, convenient for people living and working in area
or reconstructed works.
- Make sure the whole social benefits, including:
 Protect living environment, landscape, cultural and historical monuments,
preservation and development of national characters;
 Satisfy socio-economic and political development;
 Protect building works and its assets;
 Meet the requirements of security, national defense;
 Ensure sustainable development.
- Use effectively invested capital, land and natural resources;
- Use sustainable environmental resources.
1.4.2 Requirements of regional building planning
1) Building planning in multi-functional or specific areas needs concentrate on the
aims and obligations according to competent authorities’ approval.
2) Depending on the character and size of each region, regional building planning
needs meet the following demands:
- Determine outlook, regional development prospects
- Show regional development strategy;
- Orient the importance and function of central sub-region, nuclear urban area of
sub-region and main rural sub-region in that sub-region;
- Identify associated model, relation between urban areas and rural residential
sub-regions (or rural residential areas in district building planning);
- Orient sub-regions to develop main fields such as industry, agriculture, forestry,
pisciculture, tourism;
- Localize to protect heritage, natural landscape, cultural and historical
monuments, areas without being built;

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- Forecast regional infrastructure using demand, orient regional infrastructure
supply strategy, determine clue works, network, position and technical infrastructure size
of region or inter-region;
- Make proposals of strategic projects and resources;
- Access strategic environment and use methods to control environment.
1.4.3 Requirements of general building planning

General building planning needs satisfy the below requirements on the basis of the
character and size of each urban area:
- Recognize urban development prospects (outlook);
- Determine urban development strategies;
- Propose general structure of urban space development (both inside and outside)
and specific structures suitable for urban development strategy;
- Predict population, labor demand and land demand for urban building;
- Propose the norms of using land, supplying infrastructure according to the
development aims during urban development stages;
- Raise land planning solutions with the maximum capacity of using composite
land, ensure flexibility and activeness to carry out urban development strategies;
- Determine technical infrastructure frame for urban development:
 Access in general and select land for urban building, meet optimum urban
development objectives;
 Define limited elevation in necessary areas and main traffic axes to control
and combine among urban functional areas;
 Create traffic network including: outside traffic, main traffic axes, clue
traffic works such as airport, harbor, clue traffic, irrigation …); organize traffic
for urban areas of type III; define red landmark of main traffic axes;
 Choose sources, determine size, position, capacity of clue works;
transmittance network and distribution of water and electricity supply system;
main water drainage network, solid waste and wasted water treatment works;
cemetery and other technical infrastructure works;
 Organize technical tuyenel system in accordance with the frame of technical
infrastructure system.
- Determine strategic projects and resources;
- Urban architecture: Raise general urban architecture encompassing of central
spaces and specific spaces;
- Access strategic environment and propose methods to control environment.
1.4.4 Requirements of detailed urban building planning rate 1/2.000

In detailed building planning rate 1/2.000, we need research proposals of oriental

planning solutions and general structure in accordance with strategy and urban general
development structure, ensure the combination of space organization and technical
infrastruture, social infrastructure and living unit organization in studying scope with the
neighborhood, ensure synchonism, effeciency and sustainment as well as satisfy flexibly
the demand of social development investment.

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 Detailed urban building planning rate 1/2.000 has to meet both approved aims and
specific tasks and the below requirements:
- Raise urban space organizing structure;
- Raise planning solutions of using land in accordance with the demand of using
composite land, meet urban development demand flexibly and actively, including:
functional types (one or many functions) built in the plot, limit (if necessary) of building
density and height of works following planned space structure and urban general
development;
- Show norms and distribution structure of main social infrastructure works in
architectual region or specific area in that region in accordance with the demand of
development management;
- Identify major technical and economic standards of technical infrastructure in
architecture region or specific area in that region in accordance with the demand of
development management;
- Orient planning solutions to urban technical infrastructure system, including:
 Traffic network: outside traffic solutions in architecture region, urban traffic
(towards area boundary); mặt cắt, red landmark; car park planning and subterraneous
works, technical tuyenel...;
 Water supply system: forecast demand and source of water; position, size of
factories, pumping station; water container, other clue works of water supply and
water pipe network towards area boundary;
 Electricity supply system: predict demand and source of electricity; location,
size of distribution stations; mid-tension route network and urban light system...;
 Water drainage: water drainage network; location, size of solid waste and
wasted water treatment works...;
- Make proposals of strategic projects and resources;
- Urban architecture: give urban architecture solutions to meet the demand of
implementation control in accordance with planning methods;
- Access strategic environment and propose methods of controlling environment.
1.4.5 Requirements of detailed urban building planning rate 1/500

In detailed urban building planning rate 1/500, we need research the proposal of
planning solutions to investment demand or specific investment schedule in accordance
with the strategy and urban general development structure, ensure the combination of
space organization and technical infrastructure between planned area and the
neighborhood, satisfy synchronism, efficiency and sustainment.
Detailed urban building planning rate 1/500 has to meet both approved aims and
specific tasks and the below requirements:
- Find organization solutions to landscape on the ground and subterraneous
building space;
- Recognize character, function, major technical and economic norms of using
land, technical and social infrastructure in designed area;
- Raise the contents of using land, including: area, building density and height of
works in each plot; size of subterraneous works;

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- Propose solutions to urban technical infrastructure works, including:
 Traffic network: outside traffic solutions in architecture region, urban traffic
(towards area boundary); section, red landmark; car park planning and subterraneous
works, technical tuyenel...;
 Water supply system: forecast demand and source of water; location, size of
factories, pumping station; water container, water pipe network for each work and
detail technical parameters;
 Electricity supply system: predict demand and source of electricity; location,
size of distribution stations; low and middle voltage route network and urban light
system...;
 Water drainage: water drainage network; location, size of solid waste and
wasted water treatment works...;
- Urban architecture: give urban architecture solutions to meet the demand of
implementation control in accordance with planning methods;
- Access strategic environment and propose methods of controlling environment.
1.4.6 Requirements of rural residential building planning

Rural residential building planning implies commune centers or central rural

residential area (named village). Rural residential building planning bases on the aims
and specific tasks and is carried out as follows:
- Rural residential building planning is oriented within the whole commune
administrative scope or close relation with planned area. Hence, we can forecast the size
and reasonable development form of each residential area according to each planning
stage.
- Rural residential building planning needs satisfy the below requirements:
 Recognize relation between residential areas in planned network and the
neighborhood about every fields (socio-economic scope, technical and social
infrastructure...);
 Determine potentials, strong point and development premise;
 Forecast population and demand of work building;
 Make sure general planning of land using site, place building works such as
living houses, services, landscape and monument preservation, areas without being
built;
 Make development plan for technical infrastructure works, red landmark
and building landmark;
 Raise priority projects for the first time
1.4.7 Requirements of population forecast in building planning

Contents of population forecast are researched according to scientific methods in

accordance with input database of the project, ensure forecasted results in appropriate the
demand and development capacity of urban area, regarded as the bases to forecast
demand of technical and social infrastructure in region, urban area and each functional
area, ensure the efficiency of urban development.

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 Size of forecasted population has to mention population components in accordance
with Residential Law, predict size of permanent population, temporary population and
population working in urban area without living there.…
Urban building planning requests forecast of medium size of a household.

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CHAPTER II. SPACE PLANNING

2.1 Regional space planning

Regional building planning requires strategic orientation of regional space
development. Functional areas need studying, including:
1) Urban areas and sub-regions or rural residential areas;
2) Industrial producing areas, storage areas, mineral exploitation...;
3) Central producing areas of agriculture, forestry, fish-breeding;
4) Service centers (in region, country and overseas):
- Culture, tourism (famous landscape, monuments, natural protection,
ecosystem...);
- Resorts, entertainment;
- Health center and healthcare;
- Training center of science and technology;
- Sport training center and sporting hall.
5) Other special functional areas.

2.2 Space organization in urban general building planning

1) Land selection for urban building
Selected land to build urban area needs ensure the following requirements:
- Favorable conditions of economy, society, technical infrastructure and
environment;
- Natural conditions (topography, hydrography, climate) suit to build works; not in
regions that can happen depression, cax-tơ, erosion, movements...;
- Enough land to develop urban area within 20 years and reserves for the next
stage;
- Advantageous conditions to improve urban technical infrastructure system;
- No environmental pollution (poisonous chemical, radioactivity, noise, infectious
diseases, fire, explosion...);
- Outside the scope of mine exploitation, natural preservation;
- Ouside areas without being built in accordance with Construction Law;
- Selected land for subterraneous works needs suit subterraneous building code
and have advantages to associate with works on the ground.
2) Space organization in urban general building planning
Urban general building planning needs determine the structure of urban space
development to work out urban development strategies (the structure of urban
development strategy).
Structure of urban space development bases on urban nature, state, development
potentials; ensure urban development sustainably, actively, effectively and trend towards
aims of urban development strategy and urban prospects in the future.

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- Structure of urban space development needs follow the contents:
 Urban form: explain urban space structure, show landmark of urban
development, urban center, main streets, building density…;
 Urban economy: forecast population size, population density to ensure
sustainable urban development; occupational structure; define relative relation and
associated principle among functional regions;
 Urban architecture: control strategies and development guide involving the
contents of urban architecture such as main points, open space system, architectural
style, urban landscape...;
 Urban ecosystem: development strategies need suit urban ecosystem
(topography, wind, natural energy, animal, plant…);
 Uban socialization: urban development strategies go towards maximum
social equality of space planning, ensure living conditions for different social classes
(tourists, unofficial class ...); solutions to discrimination between the rich and the
poor and solutions to other social issues;
 Urban culture: promote cultural and historical values in the future, build
neccessary space for traditional activities or beliefs;
 Structure of urban general space development is the combination of
component parts and technical infrastructure frame. Technical infrastructure frame
contains traffic system with many grades and major technical infrastructure in urban
area ...
 In land using planning, proposals need suit urban development structure for
each region and determine:
 Independent functional areas;
 Complex areas with many different functions and allowable functions in
each area.
Depending on location, character of each planned area, landmark among these areas
cannot be exact but need ensure associated principles within general space structure.
Following development strategies and potentials, it is neccessary to limit the size of some
functions in urban area.

2.3 Detailed urban building planning

Detailed planning rate 1/2.000:
Detailed planning rate 1/2.000 means structural planning which requires specified
urban development structure according to relevant development strategies of designed
area within urban general strategy combined with traffic structure and technical
infrastructure frame. Traffic structure needs certify cấu trúc tầng bậc, other technical
frames to provide infrastructure for component projects (need mentioning regional
streets).
Determine norms of urban social infrastructure supply and its distribution structure to
control and associate with component projects. In detailed planning rate 1/2.000,
landmark and boundary of each plot and streets are not presented.
Detailed planning rate 1/500:

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 Detailed planning rate 1/500 needs determine the size, location, form of each urban
functional area, meets the demands or specific investment schedule in planned area. In
detailed planning rate 1/500, we need set building landmark, border line of streets.
2.3.1 Urban functional areas including:
- Complex functional areas (living houses, administrative areas, services,
production areas without poisoning…);
- Living houses;
- Urban service works:
 All administrative levels in urban area;
 Urban service works for all levels such as high school, vocational school,
health center, culture, sports, commerce, tourism, finance, bank, insurance,
telecommunication, computer, offices …;
- Vendure in parks, flower gardens;
- Build administrative offices outside of the scope of urban administrative
management;
- Diplomatic areas;
- Institutes, professional schools, specific hospitals outside the scoope of urban
area;
- Non-agricultural areas: industries, storages, storage areas, slaughter house…;
- Regilious area and beliefs;
- Traffic works including inside and outside traffic (traffic network, station,
harbour, airport …);
- Clue works of urban technical infrastructure and safe distance of environment
(cemetery, electricity supply, water supply and drainage, wasted water and garbage
treatment, firefighting regulations ...);
- Special areas (military, security ...);
- Access verdure: nersery garden, researching verdure, insulating verdure ...;
- Other functional areas.

2.3.2 Requirements of urban functional planning

- Urban functional planning needs suit the system, ensure complex distribution of
many different functions in each specific area logically to develop urban area effectively,
flexibly and sustainably, obey urban general development structure.
- Urban functional area is in reasonalbe location, guarantee environmental
protection and landscape, firefighting regulations and associated together through safe
traffic system, guarantee serving radius of public works, services, verdure parks;
- Urban functional distribution takes advantages of natural topography, socio-
economic state and building works to organize urban space and technical system with
high beauty, investment and using exploitation;
- Subterraneous urban space and urban space on the ground are arranged
reasonably;
- Land using planning of functional areas bases on conditions of each area:
planning objectives, natural conditons, land reserve ...; create favorable working and

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living environment for people, improve the efficiency of using land towards sustainable
development;
- Apart from above requirements, the size of urban functional area needs meet the
demand of travellers and the neighbourhood as well as the whole urban area in
accordance with the characters of planned area in urban general development structure.

2.4 Living unit planning

2.4.1 Requirements of living unit planning:
Living unit planning needs provide living houses and vital daily services
(kindergarten, secondary school, cultural information, market, commerce, sports, play-
ground, entertainment ...) within the radius of less than or equal 500m in order to
encourage publis traffic and walking.
New construction of living units makes sure that urban main streets can not seperate
living units.
Norms of medium urban living unit land are selected on the basis of demand of
different living types and different people in urban area and space organization in
accordance with urban development structure.

2.4.2 Regulations of living unit land planning

Detailed planning rate 1/500 needs determine location, size of functional areas.
Urban public services meet the requirements of table 2.1, suit population size in designed
area as well as the demands of the neighborhood.
Forecasted population size suits model and norms of living houses, selected living
land. In other words, planning solutions, model and norms of living houses base on land
fund and population distribution.
In living houses, there need to be flower garden, play-ground with the serving radius
of less than or equal 300m.
In tenement blocks, the area of living land is the area of using land of tenement
blocks with maximum building density as shown in table 2.7 a (maximum net building
density of tenement blocks according to land area and height of works).
Đối với nhóm nhà ở liên kế hoặc nhà ở riêng lẻ, diện tích đất ở là diện tích lô đất xây
dựng nhà ở của các hộ gia đình.
In the units with many different types of living houses, land norms is calculated for
each type of living house and other land norms is calculated medium norms.
Regulations of the land use of living unit as follows:
- Minimun area of living unit is 8m 2/capita. Medium land norms of living unit for
the whole urban area is not more than 50m 2/capita. Special areas (tourism urban area,
mountainous urban area, urban area with special natural conditions and climate ...) need
select proper norms;
- Minimum land for public verdure in living unit makes for 2m 2/capita, of which
minimum land for verdure in living houses is 1m2/người;
- Minimum land for kindergarten and secondary school accounts for 2,7
2
m /capita.

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 Land for complex purposes (living land and land for production/business) is
converted to the correlative land in accordance with the rate of using floor area for each
purpose.
Living area for low income people and social houses, norms of land planning meet at
least 70% in comparison with above rules as well as the cross section of smallest street
(in living area) ensures more than or equal  4m.
Special houses (bachelor house, campus ...) need adjust proper norms of using land.

2.5 Systematic planning of urban service works

2.5.1 Requirements of systematic organization structure of urban service works
1) Urban service works (schools, markets, ...) make sure the serving radius of less than
or equan 500m. In areas with complicated topography, serving radius is not more than
1,0km.
2) Other service works need planning in accordance with urban structure, location and
relation with other functional areas in urban areas.
2.5.2 Requirements of systematic planning of urban service works:
- Urban general building planning as well as detailed planning rate 1/2.000 need
define planning structure of neccessary services associated with urban space development
structure. Of which, planning norms of public service works suit the regulations as
represented in table 2.1, the demand of the neighborhood, travellers and development
demands during the stages.

Table 2.1: Minimum regulations of basic urban service works

Minimum using norms of Minimum land using
Supervis works norms
Types of works
or Nor
Unit Unit Norm
m
1. Education
a. Kindergarten Living seat/1000people 50 m2/1 seat 15
unit
b. Primary school Living seat/1000 people 65 m2/1 seat 15
unit
c. Secondary school Living seat/1000 people 55 m2/1 seat 15
unit
d. Highschool, vocational
Urban seat/1000 people 40 m2/1 seat 15
school
2. Health
a. Health clinic Living clinic/1000 people 1 m2/clinic 500
unit
b. General clinic Urban Work/Urban 1 m2/clinic 3.000

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c. General hospital Urban bed/1000people 4 m2/sick-bed 100
d. Maternity hospital Urban bed/1000 people 0,5 m2/bed 30
3. Sports
a. Practising ground Living m2/capita 0,5
unit ha/work 0,3
b. Basic play-ground Urban m2/capita 0,6
ha/work 1,0
c. Stadium Urban m2/capita 0,8
ha/work 2,5
d. Sport center Urban m2/capita 0,8
ha/work 3,0
4. Culture Urban
a. Library Urban ha/work 0,5
b. Musium Urban ha/work 1,0
c. Exhibition Urban ha/work 1,0
d. Cinema Urban Seat number/ 5 ha/work 1,0
1000people
e. Cultural center Urban Seat number/ 8 ha/work 0,5
1000people
g. Circus Urban Seat number/ 3 ha/work 0,7
1000people
h. Children center Urban Seat number/ 2 ha/work 1,0
1000people
5. Market Living Work/living unit 1 ha/work 0,2
unit
Urban 0,8

- In detailed planning rate 1/500, urban service works need combine reasonably in
appropriate distribution of serving demand and fields; to create convenient service, save
land and invested capital; ensure urban beauty. Service works is placed in favorable areas
in accordance with each function:
 Kindergarten, school, hospital… is not contiguous to urban street axes,
make sure enough area of yard, garden, verdure and car park;
 Cultural works, commerce, services is located on the main streets in
accordance with service levels;
 Streets towards service works for the old, children, the disabled are not
allowed to separate main urban streets if having no overpass street, underground
street;
 Planning of subterraneous service works needs ensure rational association
and convenience among works on and under the ground;
 In the areas with the population of over 20.000 people, there is at least one
high school;

19
2.6 Urban verdure planning
2.6.1 Urban verdure system:
Urban verdure system implies 3 main groups:
1) Public verdure (square, park, flower garden, both the area of water surface in these
works and area of verdure along the rivers to help people practise sports, relax, …). For
area of water surface without having regular water, it is necessary to find planning
solutions to ensure environmental landscape in case of no water.
2) Street verdure (verdure, grass cover within red landmark). All the streets from the
regional level have to be planted green trees.
3) Verdure (insulating verdure, nursery garden, phytological research, ...).
2.6.2 Requirements of urban verdure system planning
- Green space in urban area needs be coordinated together by streets with vendure
to create continuous green system. Take advantages of land along lakes, channel, every
space for verdure.
- Planting trees does not affect traffic safety, damage foundation and
subterraneous works, endanger (trees can collapse easily), impact environmental
sanitation (trees can secrete poisonous substances and attract insects...).
2.6.3 Regulations of urban public verdure land area
- Land for public verdure outside living unit in urban area contains: parks, flower
garden for one or many living units, the whole urban area; the area of water surface in
parks, the area of water surface in parks, flower gardens. Land norms of water surface is
converted to land norms of verdure accounting for under 50% in comparison with total
land norms of public verdure ouside living units, not including insulating verdure.
- For mountainous areas, islands, norms of public verdure land can be lower but
not under 70% as shown in table 2.2.

Table 2.2: Land for public verdure outside living unit in urban area
Type of urban area Standard (m2/person)
Special 7
I and II 6
III and IV 5
V 4

- Land for public verdure in living units consists of play-ground, flower garden,
sport grounds. It is comprised of works used for the whole living unit and houses.
Reconstructed units have at least one flower garden (maybe along with outside sports and
community centers) with the minimum size of 5.000m2.

20
2.7 Planning of industrial zones and storage areas
2.7.1 Industrial zones
1) Building planning, reconstruction, expansion of industrial zones need meet the
following requirements:
- Protect environment:
 Follow the rules of environmental protection.
 Location of industrial zones has to limit maximum the bad influence on
urban environment, obey the rules in item 2 and item 3 in item 2.7.1.
- Arrange reasonable and advantageous production.
- Place works in accordance with topography conditions, landscape, other
architectural works in urban area and ensure firefighting regulations.
- Set up technical infrastructure network and verdure
- Use land effectively.
2) Location of industrial zones
Location of industrial zones has no bad effect on living environment of residental
area:
- Enterprises eliminating poisonous subtances and polluting environment are
placed at the end of wind, rivers, streams far from residental areas.
- Depending on environmental effects and carriage weight, the enterprises are
located as follows:
 Outside urban area: enterprise using heavy radioactive substances or causing
fire easily; industrial waste area with large size or dangerous wastes.
 Far from civil areas: poisonous enterprises at the first and second level
(poisonous classification – appendix 6).
 In residental area: enterprises have wastes, noise, vibration in accordance
with allowable standards of residental area, and is seriously controlled environmental
norms.
3) Insulating distance of sanitation:
- Industrial works and residental areas need be insulated based on bad influence
on environment.
- Width of insulating area ensures minimum distance in accordance with
environmental standards of Vietnam.
- In this insulating area, at least 50% of land area is used for verdure, and under
40% of land area for car park, pumping station, waste treatment, passing station of solid
waste.
4) Waste ground:
- Industrial waste is covered and has no bad influence on sanitary conditions of
surrounding enterprises and not pollute environment.
- Dangerous waste area (fire, diseases, ... ) needs treating and ensure isolation
distance.

21
2.7.2 Storage area
1) Planning of urban storage area satisfies the below requirements:
- Organize reasonable storage area network with 3 types:
 Retail storages: placed in urban area and serve daily activities;
 Distribution storage and wholesale storage: outside urban area;
 National reserves, passing storage, storage having poisonous, flamable
substances need be located in the suburb.
- Location of storages satisfies the below requirements:
 High and dry place to avoid flood and near distribution and comsuption area
 Favorable traffic and carriage
 Ensure insulating distance of sanitation for civil works.
2) In storage area, storages are classified according to commodity, convenient traffic,
car park, serving equipment.
2.7.3 Regulations of using land for industry, handicraft, storage
- Land for industrial zones, homescraft is planned in accordance with industrial
development potentials, socio-economic general planning and development strategies of
each urban area.
- Land for storage serving urban area: harmless storage serving urban area can be
located in civil area. Harmfull stoĐất kho tàng phục vụ đô thị: các khu kho tàng không
độc hại phục vụ đô thị có thể bố trí trong các khu dân dụng. Các khu kho tàng có nguy
cơ phát thải độc hại phải được bố trí trong các khu, cụm công nghiệp hoặc bố trí độc lập
và phải đảm bảo các điều kiện cách ly và xử lý chất thải đảm bảo yêu cầu về quản lý môi
trường.
- Land using planning of industrial zones, homescraft needs satisfy the requests of
its functions. The rate of land types in industrial zone depends on its location, area of
land, storage in accordance with the rules in talbe 2.3.
Table 2.3: Rate of land types in industrial zones, homescraft
Land types Rate (% total area)
Enterprises, storages 55
Technical areas 1
Administrative areas, services 1
Traffic 8
Verdure 10
- Building density:
 Maximum net building density (net-tô) for land of enterprises, storages as
shown in table 2.4.
Table 2.4: Maximum net building density (net-tô) for land of enterprises, storages
Building height on the Maximum building density (%) per land area
ground (m) ≤ 5.000m2 10.000m2 ≥ 20.000m2
≤10 70 70 60
13 70 65 55
16 70 60 52

22
 Building height on the Maximum building density (%) per land area
ground (m) ≤ 5.000m2 10.000m2 ≥ 20.000m2
19 70 56 48
22 70 52 45
25 70 49 43
28 70 47 41
31 70 45 39
34 70 43 37
37 70 41 36
40 70 40 35
>40 70 40 35

 Maximum gross building density (brut-tô) in the whole industrial zones and
homescraft is 50%.
2.7.4 Urban firefighting regulations
1) Network of firefighting station: placed in urban area with central stations and area
stations having maximum serving radius as follows:
- Central firefighting station: ≤ 5km;
- Area firefighting station: ≤ 3km.
2) Location of firefighting stations: make sure firefighting equipment and cars safe,
convenient, quick and meets the below conditions:
- Flat topography and enough area to build works, yards
- Advantageous connetion with streets
- Not contiguous to the works with populous area, much traffic.
3) Đường giao thông phục vụ chữa cháy:
a) Bố trí đường chữa cháy:
- Civil works: distance among streets has the width of over 4m, xuyên qua hoặc
xen giữa các ngôi nhà không được dài quá 180m.
- Industrial works: streets for firefighting cars along one side of the house (the
width of house is less than 18m) and along two sides of houses (width of house is over
18m).
b) Phải đảm bảo đường cho xe chữa cháy tới nơi lấy nước chữa cháy (trụ nước chữa
cháy, bể dự trữ nước chữa cháy, hồ, ao, sông).
c) Tại vị trí lấy nước sông, hồ phải có bãi quay xe với các quy định dưới đây:
- Kích thước đường chữa cháy: đường cho xe chữa cháy phải có kích thước thông
thủy tối thiểu là 3,5m chiều rộng và 4,25m chiều cao.
- Bãi quay xe: đường cụt một làn xe không được dài quá 150m, cuối đường cụt
phải có bãi quay xe với kích thước tối thiểu trên mặt bằng là:
 Equilateral triangle, each side of 7m;
 Square, size 12x12m;
 Circle, diameter 10m.

23
2.8 Urban architecture
2.8.1 Requirements of urban architecture in general urban building planning
Urban architecture in general urban building planning meets the following demands:
- Determine architectural areas, specific landscape in urban area; principle of
space organization in centers, urban gateway, main streets, major space axes, large
square, verdure, water surface and strong point in urban area;
- Stipulate maximum height, minimum height, or unlimit height of building in
urban functional areas;
- Give requirements of urban architectural management in accordance with
contents of general building planning to control urban architectural space as the above
contents.
2.8.2 Requirements of urban architecture in detailed building planning
1) Urban architecture in detailed planning rate 1/2.000 satisfy the below requests:
- Determine important works within planned space according to major outlook;
- Show maxnimum and minimum limitations (or no regulations) and principle of
relation, height of neighbourhood for each function and the whole area;
- Define building set-back in the main streets;
- Set up principle of cube, color, light, major architectural form of works, verdure,
water surface, square;
- Establish rules of space connection between designed area and the neighborhood
outside designed area;
- Stipulate urban architectural management in accordance with the contents of
detailed building planning rate 1/2.000 to control general architectural landscape ;
- Limit norms of using land such as building density, building height (tùy theo yêu
cầu kiểm soát không gian và ý đồ tổ chức quy hoạch, quy định chính xác tầng cao xây
dựng, tầng cao trung bình, hoặc chỉ quy định tầng cao tối đa và tối thiểu kèm theo quy
định về mối tương quan giữa chiều cao các công trình trong khu vực quy hoạch hoặc
không quy định khống chế về chiều cao xây dựng).
2) Urban architecture in detailed building planning rate 1/500 needs satisfy the below
requirements:
- Determine important works within planned space according to main outlook;
- Stipulate building height of works and height of the first floor for each land plot;
- Define building set-back in the main streets;
- Set up specific principle of cube, architectural form of works, color and
requirements of building materials;
- Quy định cụ thể về bố trí công trình tiện ích đô thị, tượng đài, tranh hoành tráng,
biển quảng cáo, các bảng chỉ dẫn, bảng ký hiệu, cây xanh, sân vườn, mặt nước, quảng
trường, hàng rào, lối đi cho người tàn tật, vỉa hè và quy định kiến trúc bao che các công
trình hạ tầng kỹ thuật đô thị;
- Fix the height of pavements and building foundation;
- Assign requirements of urban architectural management in accordance with
contents of detailed building planning rate 1/500 for each work, street, area.

24
2.8.3 Regulations of building structure in accordance with climate conditions in
planned area
Building planning structure bases on analysis results of microclimate of designed
plot, select the optimum solutions to building structure to control bad influence of
sunlight, wind, restrict the use of energy to increase or decrease temperature in the works.
2.8.4 Minimum distance among các dãy nhà
Minimum distance among detached works hoặc dãy nhà liên kế (gọi chung là các dãy
nhà) in building area is stipulated as follows:
- Distance among các cạnh dài của hai dãy nhà with the height of less than 46m
needs satisfy more than or equal 1/2 in comparison with the height of works (1/2h) and
is not less than 7m. In the works with the height of more than or equal 46m, khoảng
cách giữa các cạnh dài của 2 dãy nhà is more than or equal 25m;
- Distance between 2 gables of hai dãy nhà with the height of under 46m needs be
more than or equal 1/3 in comparison with the height of works (1/3h) and over 4m. For
the works with the height of more than or equal 46m, distance between 2 gables of hai
dãy nhà is more than or equal 15m;
- Đối với dãy nhà bao gồm phần đế công trình và tháp cao phía trên thì các quy
định về khoảng cách tối thiểu đến dãy nhà đối diện được áp dụng riêng đối với phần đế
công trình và đối với phần tháp cao phía trên theo tầng cao xây dựng tương ứng của mỗi
phần tính từ mặt đất (cốt vỉa hè);
- Nếu dãy nhà có độ dài của cạnh dài và độ dài của đầu hồi bằng nhau, mặt tiền
tiếp giáp với đường giao thông lớn nhất trong số các đường tiếp giáp với lô đất đó được
hiểu là cạnh dài của ngôi nhà.
2.8.5 Building set-back
- Building set-back in comparison with Right of Way of planned street depends on
planning organization of architectural space, the height of works and the width of Right
of Way. However, minimum building set-back is under the regulations in Table 2.5.
Table 2.5: Minimumbuilding set-back (m) of works according to the width of Right of
Way and the height of building work

Building height (m)

Right of
≤16 19 22 25  28
Way contigous to building
work (m)

< 19 0 0 3 4 6
19  < 22 0 0 0 3 6
22  < 25 0 0 0 0 6
 25 0 0 0 0 6

- Đối với tổ hợp công trình bao gồm phần đế công trình và tháp cao phía trên thì
các quy định về khoảng lùi công trình được áp dụng riêng đối với phần đế công trình và

25
đối với phần tháp cao phía trên theo tầng cao xây dựng tương ứng của mỗi phần tính từ
mặt đất (cốt vỉa hè).
2.8.6 Allowable maximum net building density (net-tô)
1) Living houses:
Maximum net building density of land for nhà ở liên kế, riêng lẻ and tenement blocks
is stipulated in Table 2.6 và 2.7.a.
Table 2.6: Maximum net building density (net-tô) of land for nhà ở liên kế and detached
houses (nhà vườn, villas…)
Land area (m2/house) ≤50 75 100 200 300 500 ≥1.000
Maximum building density (%) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40

Table 2.7a: Maximum net building density (net-tô) of tenement blocks in accordance
with land area and height of works
Height of building works Maximum building density (%) according to land area
on the ground (m) ≤3.000m2 10.000m2 18.000m2 ≥35.000m2
≤16 75 65 63 60
19 75 60 58 55
22 75 57 55 52
25 75 53 51 48
28 75 50 48 45
31 75 48 46 43
34 75 46 44 41
37 75 44 42 39
40 75 43 41 38
43 75 42 40 37
46 75 41 39 36
>46 75 40 38 35

2) Works of education, health, culture, market:

Maximum net building density (net-tô) of public works of eduction, health, culture,
sports, market in new construction area is 40%.
3) Other urban service works and multi-functional works:
Maximum net building density (net-tô) of other urban service works and multi-
functional works on the area of more than or equal 3.000m2 need be considered in
appropriate urban location and specific planning solutions to that land and approved by
competent authorities. However, it is vital to ensure minimum distance among rows of
house (item 2.8.4), building set-back (item 2.8.5), area of car park, proper maximum
building density as in Table 2.7b.
For other urban service works and multi-functional works on the area of less than
3.000m2, we can apply building density of 100 % after deducting the building set-back as
shown in item 2.8.5 but remains minimum distance among rows of house (item 2.8.4) and
the area of car park.

26
Table 2.7b: Maximum net building density (net-tô) of urban service works and multi-
functional works in accordance with land area and height of work
Height of works on the Maximum building density (%) according to land area
ground (m) 3.000m2 10.000m2 18.000m2 ≥35.000m2
≤16 80 70 68 65
19 80 65 63 60
22 80 62 60 57
25 80 58 56 53
28 80 55 53 50
31 80 53 51 48
34 80 51 49 46
37 80 49 47 44
40 80 48 46 43
43 80 47 45 42
46 80 46 44 41
>46 80 45 43 40

4) For land areas in the middle of above values in Table 2.6, 2.7a or 2.7b, maximum
net building density is calculated according to the formula:
Mi = Ma- (Si-Sa) x (Ma-Mb) : (Sb-Sa)
Of which:
Si: area of land lot i (m2);
Sa: area of land lot a (m 2), equal with area of lower limit in comparison with i in
Table 2.6, 2.7a or 2.7b;
Sb: area of land lot b (m2), equal with area of upper limit in comparison with i in
Table 2.6, 2.7a or 2.7b;
Mi: Allowable maximum building density of land lot with the area of i (m2);
Ma: Allowable maximum building density of land lot with the area of a (m2);
Mb: Allowable maximum building density of land lot with the area of b (m2).
In case of works with many different heights, maximum building density is
calculated based on average height.
5) Đối với tổ hợp công trình bao gồm phần đế công trình và tháp cao phía trên,
regulations of building set-back, minimum distance towards opposite houses and building
density are applied seperately for phần đế công trình và đối với phần tháp cao phía trên
according to building height calculated from the ground (cốt vỉa hè).
Ví dụ: trên lô đất rộng 10.000m 2, công trình là tổ hợp gồm phần đế cao 16m và tháp cao phía trên cao
46m. Đối với nhà ở chung cư, mật độ xây dựng tối đa cho phép đối với phần đế là 65%, đối với tháp
cao phía trên là 41% (tính theo hình chiếu bằng của công trình trên mặt đất). Đối với công trình dịch
vụ đô thị khác và công trình sử dụng hỗn hợp, mật độ xây dựng tối đa cho phép tương ứng với các
phần trên là 70% và 46%.

27
2.8.7 Gross building density (brut-tô)
- Allowable maximum gross building density of living unit is 60%.
- Maximum gross building density (brut-tô) of resorts is 25%.
- Maximum gross building density (brut-tô) of public parks is 5%.
- Maximum gross building density (brut-tô) of công viên chuyên đề is 25%.
- Maximum gross building density (brut-tô) of khu cây xanh chuyên dụng (golf
court), protection area of natural environment with functions and relevant rules does not
exceed 5%.
2.8.8 Rate of verdure land in building works
Building works need satisfy minimum rate of verdure land as represented in Table
2.8.
Table 2.8: Minumum rate of verdure land in building works
Building works Minimum rate of verdure land (%)
1- Living house:
- Detached houses (nhà vườn, villas) 20
- Tenement blocks 20
2- Public works:
- Kindergarten, schools 30
- Hospitals 30
- Cultural centers 30
3- Factories: 20
- Separate construction 20
- In central industrial zones 20

2.8.9 Size of planned land lot to build living house

- Size of planned land lot to build living house is defined based on demand and
users in accordance with space organization and is managed as construction regulations
of planned area.
- If land lot for living house in new construction area is contiguous to Right of
Way of more than or equal 20m, ensure requirements of minimum size as follows:
 Land area of living house: ≥45m2;
 Width of land for living house: ≥5m;
 Depth of land for living house: ≥5m.
- If land lot for living house in new construction area is contiguous to Right of
Way of less than 20m, ensure requirements of minimum size as follows:
 Land area of living house: ≥36m2.

28
2.8.10 Gross density construction ( brut-to)
- Maximum gross density construction for residental is 60%
- Maximum gross density construction for resort is 25%
- Maximum gross density construction for public gardens is 5%.
- Maximum gross density construction for functional parks is 25%.
- Maximum gross density construction for specialized landscape ( including golf –
court), natural environmental reservation area stipulated base on their funtion and other
related legal regulations , but it is not beyond 5%
2.8.11 Landscape portition for landuse
Landscape for land use must ensure to follow the regulation about minimum
landscape portition mentioned in table 2.8
2.8.12 Table 2.8: Landscape portition for landuse
Landuse Landscape portition (%)
1- Residential apartment
- Villa 20
- Apartment building 20
2- Public house:
- School, kindergarten 30
- Hospital 30
- Cultural house 30
3- Factory: 20
- Scattered 20
- Gather in industrial zone 20

2.8.13 Size of land lot for residental construction

- Size of land lot for construction of house depends on specific demands and
using objects. It must be suitable for each kinds of building and be controlled under
regulations on local construction management.
- Land lot for dwelling construction in new planning construction area bordering
with road boundary ≥20m, must be ensure all requirements about minimum size as
follow:
 Minimum area of the land lot ≥45m2;
 Width of the land lot must be ≥5m;
 Depth of the land lot must be ≥5m.
- Land lot for dwelling construction in new planning construction area bordering
with road boundary <20m, must be ensure all requirements about minimum size as
follow:

 Minimum area of the land lot must be ≥36m2.

 Width of the land lot must be ≥4m.
 Depth of the land lot must be ≥4m.

29
- The maximum length for a linked or separated row of house, which has two
sided bordering with local main road, is 60m. The roads among buildings must be
arranged in accordance with regulations on traffic planning (Table 4.4), or the minimum
width of walking road must be 4m.
2.8.14 2.8.10 Allowable constructions beyond the red boundary line in case
construction boundary coincides with the red boundary line.
These regulations should be applied in accordance with specific solutions on
planning organization in each erea and regulations on local construction management. It
must be comply with following stipulations:
1) Fix components of house:
- Up to a height of 3.5m from ground level: No component must project beyond
the red boundary line, except for following cases:
 Vertical pipeline for draining rain water attached to the façade of house;
projection less than 0.2 m from red boundary line and must be aesthetically pleasing;
 From height of 1m upward, skirting, sills, decorations are permitted to
project beyond the red boundary line not more than 0.2m.
- Above 3.5m from ground level: Fixed components of house (sunshdes, facials,
balconies, eaves…. But not applicable for roofed entrance, verandah roof) are allowed to
exceed beyond the red boundary line subject to the following conditions:
- The projection (measured from the red boundary line to outermost edge of
projecting part) must not be greater than the permitted limit, depending on the width of
road boundary, stipulated in Table 2.9, and at the same time must be less than the
pavement width by at least 1.0m, make sure to comply all regulations on electrical safety
and regulations on local construction management.
The height and projection of a balcony must be subject to the stipulation of local
construction management in such a way to ensure a unity in each group of houses as well
as to form a pleasing architectural appearance for the whole area
 Use of a balcony as a loggia or room is not permitted.
Table 2.9: Maximum permitted extension of balconies, eaves, sunshades
Width of road boundary (m) Maximum extension Amax (m)
Under 7m 0
712 0,9
>1215 1,2
>15 1,4

- Underground construction: No underground construction is permitted to project

beyond the red boundary line.
- Roofed entrance, commercial awing:
- Roofed entrance, commercial awing is encouraged to increase to facilitate
walkers. They must be :
 Be designed according to the local regulations in order to ensure the
uniformity in a building group
 Not interfrer with fire – fighting activities

30
  Located at height of 3.5m or more above the pavement surface
 Projection beyond the red boundary line is permitted
 The space above roofed entrances and commercial awnings must not be
used for any other purpose ( such as balcony, terrace, place for displaying of
ornament tree pots.....)
Note:
1- Roofed entrance: is the roof over a door, fixed on the outside wall and / or covering a part of the
path from pavement to the house
2- A pavement roof is the roof fixed on the outside wall and covering a length of pavement
3- A commercial awning is only applicable to commercial or/ and service.
2) Temporary structure:
- Doors: At height of 2.5m from the pavement surface, all the doors( except for
the doors of emergency exit in public building) must not project beyond the red boundary
line when opening and closing
- The stipulations on aallowable constructions beyond the red boundary line are
mentioned in Table 2.10.
Table 2.10: Components parts permitted to be project out
Height from Maximum Minimum
pavement permitted distance from
Projecting components
surface(m) extension(m) pavement edge
(m)
 2,5 Sills, Decorations 0,2
2,5 Mobile component: 1,0m
Parasol ruff, door leaves
3,5 Fixed structures( should comply with
local regulations):
- Balconies, eaves 1,0
- Roof for entrance, commercial 0,6
awning

2.8.15 Projection beyond the red boundary line in case of setback construction
boundary line
- No components of the house will be permitted to project over the red boundary
line.
- There is no restriction for following componentes:
 Flight of steps, mortocycle ramps, sills, skirting, door leaves sunshades,
eaves, receiving roof, foundation;
 Balcony is permitted to project ver the construction boundary line more than
1.4m but it must not be covered partitioned to creat a loggia or room.
2.8.16 Relation with neibouring buildings:
The boundary of the building structure or plot shall not be violated:
- No part of the building including equipment, pipelines or underground works
( foundation, pipelines) is permitted to extend beyond the boundary of the land upon ;

31
- Rain water, waste water of any kinds( including condensation from air-
conditioner) dust or waste gas shall not be discharged into a neibouring plot or building.
2.8.17 Techical requirements for the construction land lot:
- Mouth of chimney, ventilator pipe must not be directed toward streets
- Air-conditioner located in the front of the building, close to red boundary line
must be at 2,7m height and must not discharge condensate to the pavement and street.
- Advertising sign located in the front of the house must not use the material with
reflected light over 70%.
- Clother hanging line in front of the building along the street is not permitted.
- The fence should be have open architecture design, good looking and unity
under regulation of each area, except those in protection areas, seprating to street ( office,
school, electrical stattion...).
2.8.18 Public building: gate, yard, car parking, sanitary conveniences:
Publis building requiring frequent access by the public ( for example: school,
hopital, theater, stadium......) must:
- Ensure the safety of the public and provide for smooth traffic circulation at the
area of the entrance gate to the building:provide a place for people to gather and vehicles
to park in front of the gate ( called car parking bay): Gate and the adjacent fence setback
land lot boundary which should be not less than 4m deep and width not less than 4 times
the gates width. .
- Have enough space and parking area for people( including for office staff and
guest) ad vehicles for both convenience and safety, such as:
 Assebly yard for pupils of the whole school: for school and kindergarten
 Waiting are for guest, for pupils’ parents comming to fetch their children;
 Waiting are for entertainment centres, clinic, administrative offices ;
 Building for parking mortobikes and bicycles of personnel, teachers, pupils
and guets.
2.8.19 Kiosk, information and advertisements sign, trees
Design of Kiosk, sign of advertisement and information, or tree planted on pavement
should ensure that they:
- Do not restrict visibility or obstruct traffic controlling signal;
- Do not damage the beauty of architectural works and urban landscape
Petrol station in urban area
The location of a petrol station in an urban area must ensure that it:
- Does not affect traffic safety:
 Should be at least 7m back from the road boundary ( red line) ( from the
outer edge of plan view of petrol station )
 Should be at least 50m from roads intersection for those located near
intersection ;
 Be at least 50m from the protection scale along and the access to the bridge

32
  Be at least 50 m from a point of poor visibility (such as: be at least 50m
along the way from the tangent point of curved line of traffic way with curve radius
<50m).
- It must ensure about fires safety and landscape protection:
 Be at least 100m from crowed places ( such as school, market/places);
 It must be at least 100m from other petrol station
 It must be at least 100m from places of beauty.

2.9 Underground networks planning

2.9.1 General regulation to underground networks
2.9.2 Planning of underground construction must ensure economically, effectivelly
and reasonably of landuse; ensure the synchronuos, compatible and safe
connection among underground works and to those on the ground; comply with
regulation on environmet and water resource protection, closely associate with
requirements on national security and defence
2.9.3 Requirements on construction planning for underground infrustructure
- Underground infrastructure should be designed in accordance with each type of
urban and their long term developing trend
- The distance between depth and width must not be affected to each other and to
the safe in management process, exploiting and utilizing process of underground
infrastructure and relating infrastructure on the ground
- To tie all technical infrastructures and underground infrastructure together must
ensure fail-safety and convenience as well as to satisfy all technical requirements
- Underground traffic planning must follow requirements:
Planning of underground traffic must be synchronous, systematic, uninterrupted.
They also have to link perfectly and safely with traffic and infrastructure both on the
ground and underground
Underground public works must consist of:
To conform to local organization planning and public services system in urban.
- To ensure safe and convenient connection with underground traffic, public
works both on the ground and underground as well as linked with other underground
public works nearby and underground infrastructure in urban.
2.9.4 Minimum distance among underground works
Minimum distance among underground technical infrustructure in urban are not put
in tuy-nen or technical trench stipulated in Table 2.11.
Table 2.11: Minimum distance among underground technical infrustructure in urban are
not put in tuy-nen or technical trench (m)
Water Draignage
Rainffall Electrical Information
Type of Pipe supply Draignage canal tuy-
draignage cable Cable
pipe nen
Vertical distance
Water pipe 0,5 1,0 0,5 0,5 0,5 1,5
Draignage 1 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 1,0

33
 Water Draignage
Rainffall Electrical Information
Type of Pipe supply Draignage canal tuy-
draignage cable Cable
pipe nen
Rainffall 0,5 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 1,0
draignage
Electrical cable 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,1 0,5 2,0
Information 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 - 1,0
Cable
Tuynel, technical 1,5 1,0 1,0 2,0 1 -
canal
Horizontal distance
Water pipe - 1,0 0,5 0,5 0,5
Draignage 1,0 - 0,4 0,5 0,5
Rainffall 0,5 0,4 - 0,5 0,5
draignage
Electrical cable 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,1 0,5
Information 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 -
Cable

- If water supply pipe is put in parallel with waste drainage, the distance between
them is not less than 1,5m, in case the diameter of water supply pipe is 200mm, the
distances must be at least 3m and when the pipe is over 200mm, those in parallel must be
made in metal.
- The distance among water supply pipes with diameter over 300mm and
information cable must not be less than 1m.
- The distance among parallel water supply pipes must not less than 0,7m in case
the its diameter is 300mm; must not be less than 1m with its diameter is 4001.000mm;
must not be less than 1,5m with its diameter is over 1.000mm. These standards also apply
for the distance among pipe under presure.
- Minimum distance among underground technical infrustructure in urban are put
in tuy-nen or technical trench stipulated in Table 2.12.
Table 2.12: Minimum distance among underground technical infrustructure in urban are
put in tuy-nen or technical trench (m)
Water Rainffall draignage, Electrical Information
Type of pipe
supply pipe draignage Cable Cable
Water pipe 0,8 1,0 0,5 0,5
Draignage, rainfall 1,0 0,4 0,5 0,5
draignage
Electrical cable 0,5 0,5 0,1 0,5
Information Cable 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,1

- Minimum distance for other underground technical infrustructure in urban must

comply building code for urban underground works.

34
2.10 Planning of renovation the old urban area
2.10.1 General regulation
- Stipulations on renovated planning are applied to following area:
 To renovate, demolish existing works in order to rebuild or plan a new
functional works;
 To insert construction area in cultivated land fund under 4ha in availble
areas
- Planning of renovation the old urban area require:
 To conform to current state as well as construction planning of neighbouring
and other zone relating to: construction density and building height control; lanscape;
infrustructure and other land using functions
 To be compatible with historial and architectural worth as well as in quality
of existing works;
 Infrustructure system must be renovated in synchronous way , road
boundary in renovating buildings must be 4m, dead-end road with one lane must not
beyon 150 length and it should be set up U-turn. To comply with fire regulations,
parking place, infrustructure and environmetnal sanitation. ...
2.10.2 Regulation on land use
For old zone in urbans, planning of renovation must reserved priority to public
welfare works. Size of public welfare works such as: school – ensure to meet national
standard stipulated by Ministry of Education and Training; public gardens and yards in
residential areas – ensure to meet ≥2m 2/person under maximum radius of service 500m;
market must comply to regulations in Table 2.1 and be permitted to insert other works
For education works must ensure to meet national standards stipulated by Ministry of
Education and Training, land using standard for other works in renovating area can be
reduced but must be at least 50% in comparision with other land using standards in new
planning area
Kindergarten can be put in appartments building but it must ensure area of outdoor
playgroud as well as comply to regulations on safety, environment and special
stipulations of Ministry of Education and Training
Land for green trees in religious area in renovating area should be converted into
public garden but the total area land converted into public garden cannot go beyond
50% of the total land area for public garden.
For renovating exsiting adjacent houses must follow requirements:
- In case the land plot is constituent elements for block of house, minimum area of
land plot for construction the house next door is 25m 2 / house with the depth and the
width no less than 2,5 m, regulations about building height of that house would be
followed the general rules stipulated for the whole block.;
- In case it is individual plot, the minimum area of plot having construction work
2
is 50m under the width and depth no less than 5m;
- Bulk of works: for individual works constructing on separate plot under the
width and depth lees than 10m, porpotion between the height and the width of works as
well as porpotion between the height and the depth ( the depth of works compared to the

35
front) must not go beyond 3 times in comparison with the size of smaller side of the
works), except those owning special value defined in regulations on urban construction
management under approval of detailed plan;
- In clearance process for urban construction, related current regulations would be
applied in special cases
- Regulation on radius of service
For an existing urban areas , service radius of public buildings can be increased but
these changes must not exceed 100% in comparision with regulations on service radius in
new planning area and also special regulations. In case of reducing the scale and quantity
of public building, it must ensure to follow all regulation on service radius, land using as
for new building planning and must ensure that contigous units in service radius 2 times
as much as radius for public buildings ensured before.
Regulation on setback space of works
To comply Item 2.8.5 of this building code.
2.10.3 Stipulation for the distance between row of house:
- For blocks of housing with the height from 16m and more, it must ensure that
regulation on distance is equal 70% regulation on distance of construction building in
the new planning area.
- For blocks of housing with the height lower than 16m, it must ensure the
distance among long sides of 2 blocks of housing at least 4m and the minimum distance
between 2 gables of 2 blocking of housing with common transportation is 3m ( the
distance from boundary of plot of land to commom transportation’s heart is at least 1,5m)
- In the case that two blocks of housing have different height and belong to two
owner of 2 adjacent plots of land, the minimum distance from each block of building to
the boundary between 2 plots of land must ensure to be 50% of minimum distance
between 2 blocks of housing with the same height in comparison with that block of
housing’s height.
2.10.4 Regulation on maximum allowable net building density(net-to)
2.10.5 Regulations on maximum net-to building density in renovation planning areas
must obey article 2.8.6 of this building code.The current building density should
be kept the same in case of renovating without increasing construction density
and height.
2.10.6 In case of renovating with increasing construction density and height or
rebuild, it must comply to regulation on maximum allowable net building
density(net-to) for renovating ares stipulated at Item 2.8.6 of this Building Code
Maximum construction density net-tô for public works as education, medical,
culture, market in renovating area is 60%. Beside that, planning of these works must
comply with specialized regulations.
Stipulations for building height, projecting components beyond red boundary line
and construction boundary line, relation with neighboring buildings, kiosk, advertisement
sign and trees.
To comply with regulations on new construction planning.

36
2.10.7 Public building: gate, yard, car parking, sanitary conveniences:
Publis building requiring frequent access by the public ( for example: school,
hopital, theater, stadium......) must:
- Ensure the safety of the public and provide for smooth traffic circulation at the
area of the entrance gate to the building:provide a place for people to gather and vehicles
to park in front of the gate ( called car parking bay): Gate and the adjacent fence setback
land lot boundary which should be not less than 4m deep and width not less than 4 times
the gates width. .
- Have enough space and parking area for people( including for office staff and
guest) ad vehicles for both convenience and safety, such as:
 Assebly yard for pupils of the whole school: for school and kindergarten
 Waiting are for guest, for pupils’ parents comming to fetch their children;
 Waiting are for entertainment centres, clinic, administrative offices ;
 Building for parking mortobikes and bicycles of personnel, teachers, pupils
and guets.
Petrol station in urban area
To comply with regulation in Item 2.8.16

2.11 Construction planning of rural residental areas

2.11.1 Requirements for land using for new construction or extending residnetal areas
in a commune :
1) Land for new or extending residental areas in commune must not be located in areas
listed below:
- Environment is polluted by industrial waste, unhygienic standards or prone to
diseases;
- Bad climate area with cyclone and harmful wind;
- With exploitable natural resourses or in an area of archeological merit;
- Located in area where construction is forbidden such as( protection zone of
infrustructure works, historial cultural relics or scenic beauty, protection area of national
defence works …);
- Located in areas subject to deep flood (over 3m),prosion and slide.
2) Limit the use of cultivated, make full use of hilly land and land giving poor
agricultural productivity for new construction and extending residental areas.

2.11.2 Standard to use land for rural residental areas must be appropriate for the local
conditions
Table 2.13: Standards to use land for rural residental areas in communes
Type of land Standard to use land (m2/capita)
Housing land( land plot for household) ≥ 25
Construction land for public building ≥5
Land for traffic and infrastructure ≥5

37
 Public green tree – landscape ≥2

2.11.3 Arrangement of functional areas

1) Main functiona areas
Planning of commune residnetal areas shall include the arrangement of the following
main functional areas:
- Housing areas including groups of houses and utilities;
- Commune centres
- Construction for production and distribution;
- Infrustructure works
- Technical infrustructure works.
2) Requirements for planning of functional areas of rural residental areas :
- To minimise loss of arable land (limit the extending commune with existing
status on agricultural land);
- Convenient for transport, production, living, relaxing, entertaining and public
activities;
- Protect the environment;
- To utilise natural topography and landscape there by producing layout with
characters;
- To conform with the character of each area by: location and character (suburban
area or remote areas, long established residental areas or new economic zone....); main
economic activities of the locality, the culture, custom and religion;
- Breeding farms, agricultural production and small-scale handcraft should be
planned under safety distance for hygiene isolation and protection from spreading
diseases .

2.11.4 Planning of residental areas

Land for residental areas should ensure the following requirements:
- Take into account the current distribution of population and match with planning
on distribution of population networks in bigger related areas;
- Developing sufficient population density for the necessary public utilities such
as nursery, primary, school, shops...;
- Conform with land, topography and geographical situation, Communal
boundaries could be based on natural ones such as those formed by roads, lkes, ponds,
canals, hills and mountains land line to fix the boundary.
For residental areas planned under land plots for each household must comply with
local regulations on land standard and area allotted to each household, for each zone.
Each household plot can reserve land for:
- Main house and sub-house ( kitchens, store, workshop);
- Auxiliary works;
- Yard, way, place for keeping straw, fire wood, rubbish, fence;

38
- Garden land, pond...
The disposition of components in the land plot should be convenient for living and
production of the household as well as to form a pleasing architectural appearance of
village
2.11.5 Planning of commune central area
1) General regulations:
Each commune should be planned at least one commune central area( A commune
with a large population should have a main centre and an auxiliary centre). Key facilities
should be arranged in the central area to serve for administrative dealing, trading,
entertaining such as:
- Headquater of Commune: People council, People Committee, Party Committee,
Police, Communal detachment, office of co-operative and associations ( Farmer Union,
Women Union, Youth Unon, Veteran Association, Fatherland Front.....);
- Public works for the entire commune: Culture house, club, traditional house,
library, primary school, secondary school, sportng ground, market, shops, post office;
- A commune with population density ≥ 20.000 should be planned a High school.
2) Headquaters of Commune:
- Headquaters of Commune People Coucil, Commune People Committee, Party
Committee and mass organizations should be located togerther for convenient
interchange and saving land.
- Minimum area of land for Headquater of Commune is 1.000m2.
3) Schools:
Each commune should have primary school, secondary school located in a quite
location near the residental area to ensure safety and convenience for the pupils attending
school. School shall be designed in accordance with specific standard .
4) Nusery and Kindergarten:
Nusery and Kindergarten should be located in or close to the residental area, and
designed in accordance with specific standard .
5) Medical station:
- Each commune should have a medical station consisting of the following
divisions: family planning, commuty medicin, obstetrics, health examination, treatment,
administration ( for simple test, traditional medicine, distribution and sale of medicine, a
garden for medicinal herbs
- Medical station should be located in a quite, dry, well-ventilated and cool place
with a good water source and convenient connection to residental areas. Total land area
for medical station 500m2 ( without medicinal herd garden) and 1.000 m2 ( with
medicinal herb garden)
6) Culturre, sporting works:
- Consist of : culture house, club, tradition, exhibition and information room,
library, meeting hall, broadcasting station, sporting ground…

39
- The Culture house includes indoor and outdoor entertainment area, area for
literature and art training and performing ( singing and dancing, music, plays, cheo, cai
luong). Total area for sulture house is about 2.000m2.
- Traditional room, exhibition room where history, war and production
achivements are shown: minimum total area for construction is 200m2.
- Library should have a reading room with 15 places and with an overall area of
2
200m .
- The meeting hall where meeting and art performances take place: capacity with
100 places
- Sporting ground should be combined with that of junior secondary school and an
area for showing film to save land. Area of stadium is about 4.000m 2; kae full advantage
of river and stream, ponds and lakes to improve places for swimming and entertaining
7) Market and service shop:
- Each commune should organize a small market
- The market should be located at a convenient place for traffic, at a high level
where water easily drains away
- There should be an parking place for bycicles and motorbikes, an area for
dumping rubbish and public lavatories arranged separately for man and woman
- Beside private shops, the shop established by the commune should be located at
the centre.
2.11.6 Planning of handicraft production areas
- Constructon planning of workshops and production service works must be suited
to develop the potential of the commune such as:
 Land potential ( for production of special rice, crops, fruit tree) and stocking
of aquatic products
 Potential for development of traditional industries especially those for
export and consumer goods;
 Potential for production of construction materials such as rock, sand, gravel,
food processing, small mechanical engineering;
 Suchs plans require the necessary conditions for production: proven
consumption market, capability for raising capital, applicable technologies,
infrustructure: traffic and transport, power and water supply, drainage
- Concentrated small-scale handicraft and small industry units must comply with
regulation on landuse and environment like other concentrated industrial zones in urban
- Location of production works : for planning purpose, it is permitted to apply the
following designs:
 Harmless small-scale handcraft and small industry units can be located on
spare land at each household in residnetal areas but must not pollute the environment
by waste water and noise;
 Production and production service works causing a harmful impact on the
environment should be located outside of the residnetal area, close to traffic
connection

40
  There should be a suitable buffer zone between the production area and
residental area base on character and scale of production works
Note: Planning of large industrial factories located in rural area and planning for agriculture, forestry and
fishery are not covered by this Chapter

2.11.7 Planting trees

1) Tree planning in residental areas
Tree planted in residental areas consist of :
- Green trees, flower garden in central places
- Specialized gardens such as economical garden, fruit garden, garden of medical
herbs, nursery
- Trees for isolation around concentrated production zones or production works.
2) General regualtions:
Planning tree planted in residental areas consist of:
- Closely combined with economic benefits ( vegetable planting, fruit tree, timber
trees, protection tree....) the requirement for improving ecological environment and
national defense.
- Combined with planting of protective trees in the field for controlling sand in
the coastal area, controlling erosion and to creat wood lands in the commune
3) Technical requirements:
- To creates flower garden in the central area and in front os cultural, historical
and religious works.
- Not to plant tree with toxic resin, flower and fruit attracting fly and mosquito
ang thron tree within a medicl station, school, nusery and kindergarten. In these locations,
trees with high trunks which offer a lot of shade and capable of filtering air ( camphor,
eucalyptus....) should be plant
- Medicinal herbs should be planted in the land plot of the medical station. Trees
for training purpose should be planted in schools.
- Concentrated production zones and production works causing dust, smell or
noise should be isolated by a band of tree and have to meet all requirements about
isolation distance for each kind of production form and discharging level.
2.11.8 Regulation on architechtural management:
Architectural spacing in residential area should be designed in accordance with
natural structure and make use of local characteristic to form a typical image for each
residential area and using function of each work item.
2.11.9 Rehabilitation of old residental areas:
The rehabilitation of old residental area consist of:
- Reorganize or readjust the functional area situated in housing clusters. Readjust
the networks of public works, enhance their quality and service facilities, renovate or
expand where need;
- Reorganize or readjust road networks, cut off some short road and lanes, open
new road sections.

41
- Improve the environmental hygienic condition;
- Increase the are of trees in residental areas and along the road sides.

42
Chapter III: Planning for Technical Standard

3
2.12 Các quy định chung đối với quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật
2.12.1 Các biện pháp chuẩn bị kỹ thuật bắt buộc đối với các khu đất quy hoạch xây
dựng
- San đắp nền đô thị (quy hoạch chiều cao).
- Quy hoạch hệ thống thoát nước mưa.
- Những biện pháp chuẩn bị kỹ thuật khác như: hạ mực nước ngầm; tránh trượt lở
đất; phương án giảm thiểu thiệt hại do tác động của thiên tai (lũ, lũ quét, bão, động đất,
triều cường...).
2.12.2 Các yêu cầu đối với quy hoạch san đắp nền
- Phù hợp với tổ chức hệ thống thoát nước mưa, hệ thống tiêu thuỷ lợi và hệ thống
công trình bảo vệ khu đất khỏi ngập lụt.
- Đảm bảo độ dốc đường theo tiêu chuẩn.
- Tận dụng đến mức cao nhất địa hình tự nhiên, giữ được lớp đất màu, cây xanh
hiện có, hạn chế khối lượng đào đắp và hạn chế chiều cao đất đắp.
- Không làm xấu hơn các điều kiện địa chất công trình, điều kiện địa chất thủy
văn.
- Đối với những khu đô thị hiện có, những khu vực đã có mật độ xây dựng tương
đối cao, có cốt nền tương đối ổn định, công tác quy hoạch chiều cao phải phù hợp với
hiện trạng xây dựng.
2.12.3 Các yêu cầu đối với quy hoạch hệ thống thoát nước mưa
- Hệ thống thoát nước mưa phải bảo đảm thoát nước mưa trên toàn lưu vực dự
kiến quy hoạch ra các hồ, sông, suối hoặc trục tiêu thủy lợi.... Tùy thuộc vào cấp đô thị,
tính chất các khu chức năng và diện tích của lưu vực thoát nước, mạng lưới đường cống
và các công trình trên hệ thống cần được tính toán với chu kỳ mưa phù hợp.
- Quy định về thu gom nước mưa:
 100% đường nội thị phải có hệ thống thoát nước mưa;
 Tối thiểu 60% đường ngoại thị phải có hệ thống thoát nước mưa;
 Đường có chiều rộng  40m, phải bố trí hệ thống thoát nước mưa hai bên
đường.
- Hệ thống chung, hệ thống riêng hoặc hệ thống nửa riêng phải phù hợp với quy
mô đô thị, yêu cầu vệ sinh, điều kiện tự nhiên (địa hình, khí hậu, thuỷ văn), hiện trạng đô
thị.
- Ở vùng đồng bằng thấp, cần tận dụng các hồ ao hiện có hoặc xây dựng mới các
hồ điều tiết nước mưa. Nếu phải sử dụng trạm bơm thoát nước mưa cho đô thị, cần
nghiên cứu kết hợp sử dụng trạm bơm này làm bơm tưới nông nghiệp cho vùng ngoại thị
trong thời gian mùa khô.
- Đối với các mương, suối chảy qua đô thị, cần phải kè bờ và tùy theo yêu cầu của
đô thị, cần có các giải pháp phù hợp với yêu cầu cảnh quan và môi trường đô thị.
2.12.4 Các yêu cầu đối với các công tác chuẩn bị kỹ thuật khác
- Các đô thị nằm bên bờ sông, bờ biển phải có biện pháp bảo vệ khỏi bị ngập lụt.

43
- Cao độ khống chế tôn nền tối thiểu phải cao hơn mức nước tính toán tối thiểu
0,3m đối với đất dân dụng và 0,5m đối với đất công nghiệp.
- Cao độ đỉnh đê phải phù hợp với quy hoạch chuyên ngành thuỷ lợi.
- Mực nước tính toán là mực nước cao nhất có chu kỳ theo tần suất (năm) được
quy định trong bảng 3.1.
Table 3.1: Caculating level of water – mực nước cao nhất có chu kỳ theo tần suất (số
năm)
Urban Class Đặc Class Class Class Class Class
biệt I II III IV V
Functional area
Centre area 100 100 50 40 20 10
Industrial zone, warehouse 100 100 50 40 20 10
Residental area 100 100 50 40 20 10
Landscape and sport area 20 10 10 10 10 2
Rural residentital areas -Civil > H max average every year
-Public > Hmax + 0,3m

- Bờ sông, bờ hồ trong đô thị cần được bảo vệ, gia cố để sóng, nước mưa, không
gây xói lở.
- Nếu có nguy cơ bùn cát bị nước mưa cuốn tràn vào khu dự kiến xây dựng, cần
có biện pháp che chắn và hướng dòng bùn cát ra ngoài khu vực xây dựng.
- Nếu khu đất xây dựng bị dòng chảy nước mưa đào xói thành khe vực, cần có
biện pháp điều chỉnh lại dòng chảy nước mưa, gia cố sườn dốc.
- Nếu khu đất xây dựng nằm trong khu vực có hiện tượng sườn núi trượt lở, cần
nghiên cứu đặc điểm địa chất, địa chất thủy văn khu vực để có giải pháp kỹ thuật xử lý
phù hợp.

2.13 Quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật vùng

Trong quy hoạch xây dựng vùng, quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật cần đảm bảo các yêu
cầu:
- Xác định được cao độ xây dựng cho các đô thị trong vùng, hệ thống đê chính;
- Cần xác định giải pháp thoát nước mưa mang tính chất vùng cho hệ thống sông
suối chính, các lưu vực thóat nước chính, các công trình tiêu đầu mối;
- Cần xác định các vùng có nguy cơ chịu ảnh hưởng của thiên tai và các giải pháp
phòng tránh thiên tai.

2.14 Quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật đô thị

2.14.1 Quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật trong quy hoạch chung xây dựng đô thị
Trong quy hoạch chung xây dựng, quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật cần đảm bảo các yêu
cầu:
- Đánh giá, xác định được các loại đất theo điều kiện tự nhiên thuận lợi, ít thuận
lợi, không thuận lợi, cấm xây dựng hoặc hạn chế xây dựng;

44
- Xác định cốt xây dựng khống chế của từng khu vực, toàn đô thị và các trục giao
thông chính đô thị; chỉ rõ khu vực tôn nền hoặc hạ nền, dự báo khối lượng san nền; dự
kiến nguồn đất đắp và khu vực đổ đất dư thừa;
- Xác định được các lưu vực thoát nước mưa chính, hệ thống cống thoát nước
mưa chính, các hồ dự kiến xây dựng và các công trình đầu mối;
- Đề xuất giải pháp phòng tránh và giảm nhẹ thiệt hại do thiên tai (lũ quét, bão,
sóng thần, triều cường…).
2.14.2 Quy hoạch chi tiết chuẩn bị kỹ thuật
Trong quy hoạch chi tiết xây dựng, quy hoạch chuẩn bị kỹ thuật cần đảm bảo các yêu
cầu:
1) For detailed plan in scale 1/2.000:
- Quy hoạch chiều cao: phải đảm bảo khớp nối với các khu vực có liên quan và
đáp ứng nhu cầu xây dựng hệ thống hạ tầng kỹ thuật và xây dựng đô thị; chỉ rõ cao độ tại
các điểm giao cắt đường và tại các điểm đặc biệt; xác định vị trí đào đắp với các thông số
về khối lượng;
- Hệ thống thoát nước mưa: thiết kế mạng lưới đường cống với đầy đủ thông số
kỹ thuật (kích thước,độ dốc, hướng thoát, cao độ điểm đầu, điểm cuối của các đoạn cống
và miệng xả); làm rõ các thông số kỹ thuật và vị trí của các hồ điều hoà dự kiến và các
trạm bơm đầu mối hoặc cục bộ (giữ lại hoặc xây dựng mới);
- Các công tác chuẩn bị kỹ thuật khác: xác định các vị trí cần kè, ổn định nền và
các tuyến đê chống lũ.
2) For detailed plan in scale 1/500:
- Planning of height: the same for detailed plan in scale 1/2.000 and depend on
topographical research to find out mesuares for leveling the ground by “ Design contour
line”
- Rain drainage system: besides requirements as for detailed plan in scale 1/2.000,
must specify the location of collecting water station, technical well, taluy, retaining wall...

2.15 Planning of technical preparation for rural areas

2.15.1 Height planning (Planning of leveling the ground )
Planning of height for rural areas must follow requirements:
- No ground leveling or filling until the location of works is conrfirmed and
drainage system is planned.
- Be planned for ground leveling and filling in construction areas ( house,
appartments, public building, traffic way, productive place..). The land remaining should
be kept exactly the way it is. Ground level of buildings must be higher than the hightest
level of frequent flood water, and particular case must be taken for vital community
assets such as : storage ( especially storage for chemical fertilizer, insecticide, rice seeds),
school, nursery, medical station, burial ground. ... Cao độ nền cần cao hơn mức nước tính
toán lớn nhất (max) hàng năm tối thiểu là 0,3m;
- Storm water must drain quickly avoiding erosion of road beds and construction
sites
- To ensure convinient and safe for traffic;

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- Take full advantages of natural topography, limit the volumne of ground leveling
and filling; protect as many flora anh as much fat lands as paratical ;
- Not planned residential areas in area threatened by flood water and landslide

Planning of drainage system

- To conform to drainage system.
- The rivers and streams crossing residential areas must have strengthened banks.
- To find out the suitable drainage system .
- For the residential areas situated on hillsides, the ditches should be designed to
get the water flow from the hill top away from residential areas
- Measures to prevent and lighten flood damage should be in consideration.

46
CHƯƠNG IV. Planning of transport system
General regulations on planning of transport system
Transport system must consist of:
- Meet the need of passenger transport and cargo serveing for social-economic
development, urbanization and international integration
- Traffic network must be planned in level clearly;
- Transport system outside planned traversing urban area must conform to
planning of that urban

2.16 Traffic planning in region

General regulations in traffic planning in region
- To ensure convenient connection among regions and functional zone in region
- Meet the need of passenger transport and cargo serveing for social-economic
development, urbanlization and international integration in the region
- Ensure convenient connection among regions with national and international
transport system.
- Road traffic system must be graded clearly and uninterrupted: highway, national
way, provincial road, district road, urban road and specialized road
- National railway, urban railway, specialized railway must be linked be station
system: passenger station, cargo station, technical and combined station
- To define location, scale of international airport, domestic airport
- To define type of seaport ( class I, class II and III), location and scale of seaport
in the region
- To define interior waterway and river port

2.17 Urban transport system

2.17.1 Transport system outside
1) Main road:
- Highway at level 80, 100, 120 must be out of urban planning range and comply
spesiffic regulation ( Apendix 15)
- Road of class I or II or III ( apendix 15) must not run through urban areas but
must run around urban area. Only road of class III is allowed in urban but complying to
planning solutions to ensure transport outside and urban transport safety
- Bus station should be conveniently located at the approach to the urban center,
railway stations, port, market and other concentrated population areas
- Maintenace workshops and car parking stations, use for urban transport, should
be located close to cross road leading to the urban areas.
2) Railway:
a) Raiway route:
- In the city of class I or II with
- i có đường sắt quốc gia chạy qua cần làm đường tránh ra ngoài đô thị hoặc phải
có các giải pháp tổ chức giao thông phù hợp để đường sắt không ảnh hưởng xấu đến hoạt
động của đô thị.

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- Ở các đô thị loại đặc biệt và loại I, các tuyến có khối lượng vận chuyển hành
khách nội và ngoại thị lớn cần tổ chức tuyến, ga đường sắt dành cho hành khách đi lại
giữa nội và ngoại thị.
- Nhà ở đô thị phải cách tim đường ray gần nhất 20m. Ở những nơi đường sắt đi
dưới hào, khoảng cách ly có thể giảm xuống, nhưng không nhỏ hơn 10m. Tối thiểu 50%
bề rộng giải cách ly phải trồng cây xanh.
- Đối với đô thị cải tạo, phải xây dựng tường rào cách ly bảo vệ và đảm bảo
khoảng cách quy định về bảo đảm trật tự, an toàn giao thông đường sắt (xem phụ lục 4).
b) Crossing between railway and roads:
- A at crossings between railways, urban tramways and urban main roads these
route must be planned to pass at different levels among railways, urban railway, road and
main centre line in urban.
- At every crossing point, measure must be applied to ensure traffic safety (traffic
lamps, signal, and barriers.
c) Railway station:
- Major passenger station should be located close to civil areas easily accessible to
the centre, residential and industrial areas. In a specialized city and city of class I or II,
the passenger station can be located in the urban centre but measures must be applied to
minimize the noise and crossing pointsbetween railway and urban road
- Cargo station must be located close to industrial zone, supply and delivery
depots accessible to warehouse and othr stores
- Marshalling yards must be located outside urban areas
- Combined station is those consist of all functions of station mentioned aboved
d) Dimension of station platforms
Dimension of station platforms must follow all requirement in Table 4.1.
3) Airway:
- Airport must be located outside of urban areas, ensure the distance to the civil
area , including expansion of civil area in the future ( appendix 4)
- For planning purposes, the size and land area allowed for airport must conform
with the Vietnamese standards and standards of The international civil Aviation
Organization ICAO
- The road from specialized city and city of class I or II leading to airport must be
constructed as highway if the distance is longer than 20km
Table 4.1: Platform dimensions of station types
Arranged type for Legth of Width of station
Type of station arrival, depature station plafrom(m)
of railway platform(m)
1- Passenger station
- Section station ≥1000 ≥200
- By pass station ≥1400 ≥100
2- Goods station ≥500 ≥100
3- Technical station Successive ≥4000 ≥200

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 Arranged type for Legth of Width of station
Type of station arrival, depature station plafrom(m)
of railway platform(m)
mixed ≥2700 ≥250
parallel ≥2200 ≥700

4- Combined station Along the way ≥1500 ≥50

Half along ≥1300 ≥50
Crossing the way ≥900 ≥ 100

4) Water way:
a) Port shall be located in accordance with their classification:
- Passenger ports should be located near the urban centre, residential area.
- Cargo ports, for the transport of good with little pollution potienal and directly
serving the city should be located inside of city.
- Cargo ports for the transport of polluting goods, oil ports or fishing ports must
be located in the suburbs.
- Liqui fuel tanks must be located in suburbus, downstream and at the river of
urban settlements.
b) The port site must comply the following regulations:
- Conform with regulation on the protection areas for water resources and fire
safety distance to all type of ports;
- Be located downstream (of civil areas)
- Be convenient and safe for navigation;
- Have a sound geological basic for design of the bank;
- Have sufficient land area for the type of port;
- Be located near to access roads, railways, industrial areas, storages and ship
repair yards.
c) Dimension of ports must ensure regulations stipulated in Table 4.2 and 4.3.

Table 4.2: Standard of port area

Type of port Character Standards on port area m2/1m
length of dock
Sea port - Projecting dock ≥150
- Parallel dock ≥300
River port - Ordinary port ≥250

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 - Specialized port ≥300
River whaft - Ordinary whaft ≥100
- Specialized whaft ≥100

Table 4.3: Minimum water depth suitable for various tonnage of ships
Type of ship ( tonnage DWT) Capacity (TEU) Water depth (m)
A- River ships 2.000 ≥2,5
1.000 ≥1,8
600 ≥1,5
300 ≥1,2
100 ≥0,9
40 ≥0,6
B- Sea ships
- Ship 20.000 1.380 ≥10,5
- Ship 30.000 2.000 ≥11,1
- Ship 40.000 2.700 ≥12,2
- Ship 50.000 3.000 ≥12,4
- Ship 60.000 4.100 ≥13,8
- Ship 220.000 15.000 ≥14,0
- Ship 150.000 Groceries ≥17

2.17.2 Tranport system within urban area

1) General regulation on transport system within urban area:
- Road networks in urban areas must meet the transportation demand on cargo and
and passengers; ensure prompt and safe circulation among all urban functional area as
well as with outside traffic networks to other cities and residential areas.
- Must be separated from road used for industrial zone, storage and external road.
- Planning for demand of cargo, passenger transportation and means of
transportation in urban must be reserve land for future transport requirements. For a city
of class III and up, this should allow consideration for public transport system: railway,
express buses…. Combined terminal among national railway, urban railway, suburban
railway, transport junction with carriage system, waterway and airport
- Urban infrastructure system for traffic must meet the developing demands in
urban, ensure convenience for road users; conform to requiremtns in Buidling Code in
order to be accessible and useful also for disable people.
- Urban transport system must be uninterrupted system to ensure prompt and safe
circulation among all urban functional area as well as with outside traffic networks,
functional zone in suburbs and other residential areas.

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- To define market share in public transportation to specify type of transportation
will need to expand in the future. For a city of class III and up, this should allow
consideration for public transport system: bus, urban railway, express bus…. Combined
terminal among national railway, urban railway, suburban railway, transport junction with
carriage system, waterway and airport
- Urban road must be classified by traffic function and speed in accordance with
standards for internal road .
2) Regulation on urban transport system:
- Specialiazed city and city of class I: urban internal the road must conform with
Table 4.4.
- City of class II, III, IV, V: Depending on population and urban characteristics to
modifie traffic network, conform to Table 4.4.
- Pavement: The minimum pavement width is regulated as follows:
 For main road access to the entrance of commercial center, market, cultural
centre: 6,0m
 For inter-zone road: 4,5m
 Branch road : 3,0m.
 Access to the group of building: there is no compulsory to plan traffic way
with pavement but measures to ensure trafic safety and trees planted along the road
- Road for bicycle: Along the main zone road and up, there must be road reserved
for bicycle with separating trip to motor road. For other road, they can be laid together.
The width of road for bicycle is no less than 3,0m.
- Internal roads must comply with specific technical criterion (Appendix 15).
- Propotion of traffic land and tranquil traffic in construction land for urban must
obtain to:
 For inter-zone road: 6%
 For zone road: 13 %
 For branch road: 18 %.
Table 4.4. Standards in road design for urban area
Speed Width Road width Distance Road
Level of
Type of road designin lane (m) between 2 density
road
g (km/h) (m) roads(m) km/km2
1.Urban highway 4.8008.000 0,40,25
- Level 100 100 3,75 27110 -
- Level 80 80 3,75 2790 -
Urban
Level(**) 2. Urban main 80100 3,75 3080 (*) 24004000 0,830,5
road
3. Zone road 80100 3,75 3070 (*) 12002000 1,51,0
4. Interzone road 6080 3,75 3050 6001000 3,32,0
Local 5. Local main road 5060 3,5 2235 300500 6,54,0
level 6. Zone road 4050 3,5 1625 250300 8,06,5
7.Brach road 40 3,5 1320 150250 13,310

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 Speed Width Road width Distance Road
Level of
Type of road designin lane (m) between 2 density
road
g (km/h) (m) roads(m) km/km2
8. Acess to the 2030 3,0 715 - -
Internal building
level 9. Road for 1,5 3,0 - -
walking and bike 0,75 1,5
Note:
(*) Depending on size, shape of the city and actual condition of traffic demand
(**) The width should be expanded base on detail calculation when adding urban railway and express
bus.
- Minimum number of double-way lane: 04-lane to urban road, 02-lane to zone
road and 1 lane to internal road.
- For renovation area, the width of road may reduce to meet actual state condition
but the width of road boundary must not be less than 4,0m.
- Mức độ nghiên cứu quy hoạch mạng lưới đường trong đồ án quy hoạch xây
dựng đô thị tuân thủ theo các quy định hiện hành về quy hoạch xây dựng (xem phụ lục
14) và phải đảm bảo:
 Trong đồ án quy hoạch chung xây dựng nghiên cứu trên bản đồ nền địa hình
tỷ lệ 1/25.000, quy hoạch hệ thống giao thông cần nghiên cứu quy hoạch đến cấp
đường liên khu vực;
 Trong đồ án quy hoạch chung xây dựng nghiên cứu trên bản đồ nền địa hình
tự nhiên tỷ lệ 1/10.000, quy hoạch hệ thống giao thông cần nghiên cứu quy hoạch đến
cấp đường chính khu vực;
 Trong đồ án quy hoạch chung xây dựng, nghiên cứu trên bản đồ nền địa
hình tỷ lệ 1/5.000, quy hoạch hệ thống giao thông cần nghiên cứu quy hoạch đến cấp
đường khu vực;
 Trong đồ án quy hoạch chung xây dựng đô thị loại V, nghiên cứu trên bản
đồ nền địa hình tỷ lệ 1/2.000 và đối với đồ án quy hoạch chi tiết tỷ lệ 1/2.000, quy
hoạch hệ thống giao thông cần nghiên cứu quy hoạch đến cấp đường phân khu vực;
 In detailed plan at the rate 1/500,
 ale oạch hệ thống giao thông cần nghiên cứu quy hoạch đến đường trong
nhóm nhà ở.
3) Transport junction and square of transport
a) Crossing point of urban road:
- Crossing points of urban roads should be organized as follow:
 Highway, main road and urban road should be intersect with other urban
road at different high level ;
 For important place, highwayỞ vị trí quan trọng, đường cao tốc và đường
phố chính cấp đô thị với đường phố liên khu vực và đường vận tải phải giao nhau
khác độ cao. Ở hướng phụ cho phép các luồng giao thông cắt nhau;
 Các loại đường khác cho phép tổ chức giao thông ở cùng độ cao;
 Bán kính quay theo tim đường tại đầu mối giao nhau ở khác độ cao đối với
luồng rẽ phải tối thiểu là 75m, luồng rẽ trái là 30m.

52
- Khoảng tĩnh không ở chỗ giao nhau khác độ cao giữa các đường ô-tô phải đảm
bảo 4,5m; giữa đường ô-tô với đường sắt phải đảm bảo 6,55 m đối với đường sắt khổ
1.435 mm và 5,30 m đối với đường sắt khổ 1.000 mm .
- Chỉ cho phép thiết kế quảng trường giao thông tự điều khiển (hình tròn, hình
elíp hay hình chữ nhật, hình vuông với các góc tròn) khi tổng số xe ô-tô ở các hướng ít
hơn 4.000xe/h.
Kích thước quảng trường giao thông hình tròn (đảo tròn) phụ thuộc số đường giao
nhau và lưu lượng giao thông ở các hướng theo tính toán, nhưng bán kính cong tối thiểu
của đảo tròn phải đảm bảo 20,0m.
- Curve radius of curb at crossing points must require:
 At the traffic square and urban road 15,0m;
 Zone road 12,0m;
 Internal road 8,0m.
b) Separating trip
- Separating trip use for traffic directional distribution in two-way separately or to
divide the lane between primitive vehicle and mechanical vehicle
- Minimum width of separating trip :
 For highway: 5m;
 For main road at urban level and transport road : 4m;
 Between urban main road and internal road: 5m;
 In mountainous area under narrow condition , the width of separating trip
between main road and internal road may reduce but not less than 3m;
 Between interzone road and internal road: 2m;
 Between carriageway and ground of tram: 2m.
- The minimum width of separating trip with traffic railing for highway is 4m, for
urban and transport road is 2m.
- For renovating areas, soft or hard separating trip undet the minimum width 0,5
m is permitted.
- No electrical poles, advertising sign and other works without relating to ensure
traffic safety is allowed to put on the centre separating trip under the width less than 5m,
Square:
- Do not allowe traffic in the urban center square except those serving for works
in square.
- For the square in front of public works with crowded travel, internal road and
walking road must be separated from traffic passing road. Those serving for internal
traffic should have parking palce and public station.
- Traffic square and bridge front square must follow traffic organization chart.
- Railway station square must flow distribution clearly for passengers in and out,
ensure safety for passenger access to public traffic station and parking place in the short
distance

53
- For square that is nodal point of traffic must be planned explicitly so that
passenger can move from this means of transportation to another easily, safely and
promptly
c) Public transportation network.
- To meet the travel demand in urban level III and up, it should be concentrated on
developing public transportation network.
 The minimum distance among public traffic line is 600m and maximum is
1.200m, the minimum distance in the urban centre is 400m.
 The distances for walking from residential area, office to public station is
not beyond 500m.
- Public transport depends on type of urban and number of passengers. Railway
system should be considered for urban with population beyond 1 milions (planning of
sub-way, railway on the ground or over should be take in consideration).
- Public transport network depend on urban structure planning, occupy at least 2,0
2
km/km of land for urban construction. Space among public transport station in urban are
sipulated as follow:
 For bus stop, tram : not beyond 600m;
 For express bus stop and tram, express subway or above: maximum is
800m.
- At the intersection between highway and public traffic line, it should be put
terminal storage or relaying station with the length less than 200m for walking
- Bus stop or tram station on main road controlled by signal should be put far
from crossing-over at least 20m. The length of station for one route should be at least
20m, if there are numerous directions on the route, this should be planned carefully but
the length can be less than 30m. The width should be at least 3m.
- There should have waiting place and service building for staff at terminal station
of traffic line.

- Trên đường giao thông cao tốc, bến xe ô-tô buýt cao tốc cần bố trí các trạm đỗ
đặc biệt ở ngoài phạm vi mặt đường xe chạy, có dải chuyển tiếp tốc độ.
d) Hệ thống đường sắt đô thị
Hệ thống đường sắt đô thị ngoài đường phố là hệ thống đường sắt cao tốc, bao gồm tàu
điện ngầm, tàu điện nhanh. Trên cơ sở nhu cầu vận tải hành khách công cộng, phải xác
định vị trí ga và các tuyến đường sắt đô thị ngoài đường phố. Ga tàu điện ngầm

 With bus station, electric car and tramcar: not larger than 600m;
 With bus stop and express electric car, express underground or above: at
least width is 800m.
- At junction lines between highway and roads with means of public transport, it
needs to have transit station to change from this means of transport to the others with the
length of walking is not more than 200m.

54
- Bus stop and electric car station on the main roads with traffic signal must be set
in comparison with junction a distance of 20m. The length of one line car station, with
one way at least is 20m, if on the lines there are many directions it must be concretely
calculated, but it is not shorter than 30m. The width of the station must be at least 3m.
- The last public transport station of the line needs to have a house serving for
workers and passengers.
- On highway, express bus-stop,it needs to be set special station beyon scope of
the surface of the road with running car, and it should have speed transit band.
e) Urban railway system.
- Urban railway system beyond streets is high speed railway system, including
subway, express train. Base on the demand of public passengers transportation, we need
to define the location of station and lines of urban railway beyond streets. Subway station
must ensure to be connected and be comprehensive, safe with underground projects and
other projects on the surface of land.
- The width of red boundary line code for electric train runing on the surface
along with urban roads must consider about raiway system. The minimum width of
electric train corridor runing on the surface is 10m.
2.17.3 Planning projects serving transportation in the urban area.
- In the urban areas, units and groups of housing needs to have land to make
parking place, garage with repairing workshop.
- Parking place, carrying goods must be designed near market, goods station,
commercial centers and other projects with high demand of transportation.
- In renewal urbans, it is allowed to design small car parking at streets with no
cars and at streets with the width of running car much more than required. The width of
parking place, if parking along with the running car it needs to be at least 3m, if it is
parked with the angle from 45º-60º, it needs to be at least 6m.
- Underground parking place or on the surface must be designed near centers of
commercial, service, gymnastic and sport, entertainment and must be connected with
road net. The distance of walking line is maximum 500m. Public parking place,
underground garage must ensure to be connected and be comprehensive, safe with
underground projects and other projects on the surface of land.
- Parking place, bus-stop garage that are designed at the fist and last line, its scale
needs to be defined according to exact demand.
- Electric train depo: At the first line, last line and connecting line it needs to be
designed electric train depo with some repairing place
- Parking place: the minimum area for a parking place of means of transport is
stipulated as follow.
 Four seats car:25m2
 Motorbike: 3m2
 Bicycle: 0,9m2
 Bus: 40m2
 Lorry: 30m2
- Place of parking: projects must have minimum of parking place suitable with
table 4.5 as follow:

55
Table 4.5: Number of four-seats car place with minimum
Minimum demand of car parking
Types of house
place
- 3 star hotel and above 4 rooms/ 1 space
- High-standard office,head office of foreign affairs 100m2 using floor/ 1 space
department
- Super market, big shop, center of convention,
100m2 using floor/ 1 space
exhibition, showroom
- High-standard apartment. 1 apartment/1,5 space

- With projects of 3 stars hotel, head office of company, service, it must have
number of space for parking 50% of above stipulated table
2.17.4 Planning with ensuring urban safe traffic
1) Visibility: construction project, green tree must not restrict visibility and hide signal
boards, traffic signals.
The distance of visibility one way on the altitute and the vertical surface depends on
calculating speed, but at least it must ensure:
- Highway: 175m;
- Urban road:: 100m;
- Zone roads:: 75m;
- Internal road: 40m.
2) Public projects with many out and in people, waiting, street’s project such as kiot,
public transport station, advertising signals, green trees must not influence safety and
throughout of traffic.
3) The angle at junctions
To ensure the safe visibility when circulating on roads, at junctions, all projects must
be cut at an angle according to zone planning’s regulation. Base on the car’s regulation
speed on road and road building code, the minimum visibility must be 20m. In case of
construction boundary line which coincides with the red boundary line or constructing
work coincides with construction boundary line, although there is a back space in
accordance with red boundary line it does not still ensure the minimum visibility, the
front of building needs to be cut at an angle to ensure the minimum visibility.
4) Pavement and walking road
- The pavement’s width crossing running car road at the same height must ensure
larger than 6m comparing with main road and larger than 4m comparing with zone road.
- The distance between 2 walking road crossing running car road at the same
height must be larger than 300m comparing with main road and larger than 200m
comparing with zone road
5) Crossing bridge, walkers’ trench must be designed at: traffic spots with big number of
vehicles and walkers, traffic spot with different height,different junction between urban
road and raiway, places near subway stations, car parking, stadium.

56
- The distance between trenches and walking bridges 500m.
- The width of trench and walking bridges must be designed according to the
number of walkers on rushour, but must be larger than 3m.

2.18 Planning traffic at rural area

Planning traffic system at rural area must meet these following requires:
- Suitable with local common planning ( commune, province), inherit and develop
current road system so as to meet the demand of current traffic and transportation as well
as in the future, continuously link with national road system, provincial road and
commune road.
- Combine with irrigational system planning, inhabitant planning and agricultural
modernized rural area constructing projects.
- Suitable with types of current transportation as well as in the future..
- Ensure convenient contact with commune road system, provincial system to
create a fully-made road system.
- Ensure direct contact between center and inhabitant with manufacturing area and
inhabitants spots.
- Take advantage of status, suitable with terrain, minimize compensating surface
land liberation, volum of digging and projects building on the line.
- Structure and road’s width must be suitable with each commune’s concrete
condition and technical requirement of rural road, meet the foresee demand as well as
development requirement in the furture.
- Take advantage of rivers streams and canal system to organize waterway
systems to serve carrying goods and people.
- The surface’s width of internal road in the rural area must be ≥4m.

57
CHAPTER V. PLANNING OF WATER SUPPLY
3
3.1 Protection area for water supply project
1) Water source protection area
Raw water intakes for urban water supply systems must be surrounded by a protection
area as regulated in table 5.1.
Table 5.1 Protection area for water source supplying to urban (main regulations)
Type of water source and Radius of protection area
Content of ban
protection area from water source (m)
Surface water source: from getting Construction,letting out
water spot: sewage,agricultural
≥ 200
water,breeding, bathing
- Upper source ≥ 100
- Lower source
Underground water source: around ≥ 25 Construction; digging
drilling well with the radius cesspool, rubbish,lime
hole; breeding; dumping
gabbage
Lake, dam:
- Smooth lake ≥ 300 Construction, breeding;
planting tree
- Descent lake All the area

2) Factory protection area,water supply plants

- In the area of 30m from the wall foot of processing projects it must be
surrounded by a protection fence around water treatment plants.
- In this protection fence it is ban to build housing, entertainment project, hygiene,
to fertilize trees or breeding animals.
3) The protection area of water supply pipe must be minimum 0,5m.

3.2 Planning zone water supply.

Planning zone water supply must ensure to:
1) Evaluate urban water supply state, rural inhabitant area and industrial zone, having
serveys of: number of standard water supply projects, under-standard water supply
projects, inhabitants who are supplied fresh water.
2) Forecast the demand of using water for each area, industrial zone and rural inhabitant
area ( for commune’s center and town with continous zone planning, and for small town
with provincial planning).
3) Define water source:
a) The selection of water source must obey planning and managing water source office’s
regulation. Used water source do not rely on the boundary of administrative
management

58
b) Defining water capacity ( including surface water source and undergroud
water).Water source current ( except island and mountain area) must be 10 times as
much as the demand of using water. With only surface water, it must ensure to have
water current monthly or daily with 95% of belief grade- water supply class I;90% of
belief grade-water supply class II and 85% of belief grade-water supply class III.
c) Requirement of raw water source quality- some main norms using with normal
treatment projects:
- Hardness, 0dH ≤12;
- Dried solid content can’t exceed 1.000 mg/l;
- Do not have strange taste;
- Salinity can’t exceed 250 mg/l.
When using water source with the above element exceed these norms we have to find
the suitable solution, economical and have an agreement of epidemiology
management office.
Quality of water supply for manufacturing must base on object’s demand to have the
best choice.
d) If the surface water meet the above requirement, using surface water is given priority..
e) It is not allowed to use underground water source for other needs not relating to life.
In the area without any other water source but it has enough the volum of
underground water, it is allowed to use underground water for other needs not relating
to life with the permission of water management office.
f) It is allowed to process mineral water or sea water to supply for eating, life but it
needs to be compared about economy-technology with other water sources.
g) It is allowed to use geothermy water supplying for eating,life and manufacturing if it
meets the requirement in article c. The highest temperature of water for eating is 35 oC.
h) In a water supply system, water is allowed to use many water source with different
characteristic of geology and hydro geology.
i) The selection water source plan must be evaluated overall base on norms of capacity,
quality, the ablity of doing plan and investment capital.
4) Give out water supply solution:
- Have a selection of concrete water source for urban area and rural inhabitant
area;
- Define the scale of origin projects and water treatment technology for water
sources;
- Define the water supply solution for rural inhabitant area according to each wter
source.

3.3 Planning urban water supply

3.3.1 General planning urban water supply.
1) General planning urban water supply need to meet the following requirements:
- Define the standard and demand of supplying water for urban area according to
belief- grade water supply of each period;

59
- Have selection of suitable water supply;
- Have selection of scale and location of building origin projects;
- Define water treatment technology.
2) Forecast the demand of using urban water need to ensure:
a) Component of using water: urban water supply system have to meet the requirement
of quality, pressure, water current for the demand in urban area, including:
- Potable water ( including urban and rural inhabitants);
- Potable water for travellers;
- Public buildings, service: ≥10% amount of potable water supply
- Tree watering and road cleaning: ≥8% amount of potable water supply;
- Small manufacturing, small handicraft: ≥8% amount of potable water supply;
- Industrial zone: define according to types of industry, to ensure the minimum at
3
20m /ha-day&night for the minimum at 60% of the area;
- An estimate for leakage and unaccounted water: with the renovated system not
exceed 30%, with the new system not exceed 25% total of above types of water;
- Use within the water treatment plant and supply system: 4% of total treatment
plant capacity
b) Standard of potable water supply must be ensure the following regulation table 5.2:
Table 5.2: Demand of potable water supply
Dem mand of potable water supply
First period ( 10 years) Long term (20 years)
Classes of Proportion of Proportion of
Daily Daily
cities population population
consumption consumption
supplied water supplied water
(l/capita/day) (l/capita/day)
(%) (%)
Special ≥90 ≥180 100 ≥200
I ≥80 ≥150 ≥90 ≥180
II ≥80 ≥120 ≥90 ≥150
III, IV, V ≥80 ≥80 ≥90 ≥100

- The demand of potable water supply for rural inhabitant and travelers must
ensure at least 80% amount of potable urban water supply.
- For population areas using only water from public taps, amount of potable
water supply is ≥40 l/capita/day
c) Belief-grade of water supply system, see table 5.3
d) Define and select water source it needs to ensure the requirement of hygienic potable
water supply and supply for urban water demand.
e) Planning water supply system:
- Origin projects need to be defined:
 Pumping well station ( if it is underground water source): number of well,
technical parameter, solution to renovate current plan’s capacity.

60
 Table 5.3: Belief-grade of water supply system.
No Characters of using water inhabitant Belief-grade
Metallurgical factories, oil manufacturing, chemical industry, electric
factory, potable water supply system with the population above
1 50.000 people, are allowed to reduce water current not exceed 30% I
of total calculative water current in 3 days and stop supplying water
at just only 10mins.
Mine exploiting factories, machinery manufacturing and other
industries, potable water supply system with the population 50.000
2 people, are allowed to reduce water current not exceed 30% of total II
calculative water current in 10days or stop supplying water at around
6 hours.
Small industrial factories,agricultural watering system, water supply
3 system of industrial zone, are allowed to reduce water current not III
exceed 30% in 15days and stop supplying water in 1 day..

 Pumping station I (if it is surface water source): technical parameter,

solution to renovate current plan’s capacity. Surface water collecting plans must be
located upstream of urban area, industrial zone and densely populated.
- Water treatment plants must ensure:
 Be located at upstream of urban area and manufacturing area;
 Collect the volum of water that meet the foresee demand and in the future,
have good quality of water and comfortable for organizing protection and hygienic
water source;
 Be located at a place of bank, stable river-bed, rarely washed away or
fortified and change water line, at a place that have a good condition of geological
project and avoid the influence of other hydrography phenomenon such as: wave,
tide...
 Requirement about the minimum area of land to build water treatment plant
according to table 5.4
- Supply electric power for origin projectcs: it needs to define source, calculate to
build private transformer station to supply electricity for pumping well station, pumping
station I and water treatment plant.
- Pipe system: The main transferring pipe system must be designed as a circle
vein and calculated hydraulic power to meet the demand of volum of water transferring
and pressure in the pipe when using maximum water and having fire. In the case, it has
water-conditional arena, it needs to meet the demand of the case that water reach the top
of arena with the most
- The minimum pressure at main points ( system at grade I) is 8m in comparison
with the old and renovated system, 15m in comparison with newly built system. If the
pressure is lower, it needs to be changed the other pumping machine in the pumping
station II (in the restricted area) to have required pressure or to build increased- pressure
pumping station at those disadvantage points.
- Supplying water for fire precaution: current and number of fires altogether need
to be calculated suitable with urban scale. The current water supplying for 1 fire must

61
ensure ≥15l/s; number of fires altogether need to be calculated ≥2; free pressure in
supplying water for fire precaution system must ensure ≥10m.

Table 5.4:The minimum area of land to build water treatment plant

Capacity of treatment plant (1.000 m3/day) Minimum area of land (ha)
1 0,5
From 1÷5 0,5
From>5÷10 1,0
From >10÷30 2,0
From >30÷60 3,0
From >60÷120 4,0
From >120÷250 5,0
From >250÷400 7,0
From >400÷800 9,0
From >800÷1.200 13,0
From 1.200 and more 16,0

3.3.2 Planning detail water supply for functional urban area

Planning detail water supply for functional urban area need to ensure the following
requirement:
1) Forecast the demand of using water:
- Potable water, forecast according to urban’s standard and common plan.
- Public projects and service water are planned according to concrete quality of
the project, at least 2 l/m2 floor-day
- School water: at least 20 l/pupil- day
- Kindergarten water: at least 100l/child-day.
- Flower watering, park: at least3 l/m2-day..
- Road cleaning:at least 0,5 l/m2-day.
2) Define water source:
- In case, the detail design area located in common project that is approved, it
needs to check current of the main pipe in the design area. If current water is not enough,
we need to change diameter of the main pipe…
- In case there is not common project system, we need to do all the stages as
common planned project.
3) The pipe system must be planned for the safety of supplying water.
4) Check pressure: base on the pressure of common project system to check and give a
solution to ensure enough water supply pressure.
5) Fire water supply:
- Full advantage of the use of river, lakes to reserve water for fire water supply
should be taken. Under these circumstances, it is necessary to ensure sufficient capacity
to be available; suitable access for fire engine to take and draw water and the depth

62
between road surface and water level be not greater than 4m, the depth of water not less
than 0,5m.
- Fire hydrant must be installed along urban roads, complying with following
regulations:
 The maximum distance between hydrants: in urban center of class I or II or
special urban with a high population density : 150m; in other areas: 150m.
 The minimum distance between hydrants and walls of housing 5m.
 The maximum distance from hydrants to road edge(in case of hydrants
installed on pavement) 2,5m.
- The hydrants must be installed in convenient places for fire water abstraction:
such as at intersection of streets .
- The diameter of the pipes supplying outdoor firewater must be no smaller than
100mm

3.4 Planning water supply in rural area

3.4.1 The demand of water supply in rural area
Water supply in rural area includes:
- Potable water and using for eating for population living in residential area
includes water using in public project such as: kindergarten, school, cultural house,
office…
- Water using in breeding farm.
- Water using in agricultural produce manufacturing and other industries
3.4.2 Standards of minimum of potable water supply
For planning purpose in rural residential area, the following standards can apply:
- House with hygienic equipments and water supply pipe : ≥ 80 l/person/day;
- House with hose pipe to family’s tab: ≥60 l/person/day;
- Getting water from public tab: ≥40 l/person/day.
3.4.3 Water source
1) Take advantage of many different water source: underground water with shallow
artery, deep artery, raining water, surface water ( river, stream, well)
2) When the quality of water source do not meet the demand of hygienic standard for life
as regulated ( see appendix 7), it needs to be solved suitably depending each water
source..
3) Protect hygienic water source.
a) For underground water:
- In the land with radius 20m from well, you are not allowed to build any
constructions influence water source;
- Well using for housing must be located far from toilet, breeding place;
- For common well, it must be located in the area with good water source, build
wall of well high and must be paved around.

63
b) For surface water: in the distance of 200m from getting point upstream and 100m
downstream, you are not allowed to build any constructions influence water source.

64
CHAPTER VI. PLANNING SEWAGE LIBERATING, CONTROL OF
SOLID WASTE AND CEMETERY
4.1 General regulations
4.1.1 Planning sewage liberating system
1) Regulation of water supply plan.
Urban water supply needs
- Ensure to collect all types of urban’s sewage ( Living sewage; manufacturing
sewage, business and service sewage)
- Apply a suitable water treatment; water after treatment must have a good
standard with environment.
2) Selection types of water supply
- Water supply system (common system, private system or half-private system)
must be suitable with scale of urban, requirement of hygiene, natural condition (terrain,
climate, hydrography…), and urban state and drain water system.
- Regulation to choose water drainage system:
 New apartments must build a private water drainage system.
 Old apartments having common system need to use half-seperate system or
renovate all of them to be separate water drainage system.
- Underground plan’s drain water: Planning a private draining waste water system,
must collect all volum of wastewater to solve. Pumping wastewater station must have
alternative pumping machine and must have two independent electric sources supplying
for pumping machine.
- Drain water for island area: planning private draining waste water system must
collect all volum of wastewater to solve. Wastewater after being solved can be re-used
with another purpose (watering tree, freshwater aquaculture, and standby supplement for
potable water supply at water scarcity area...).
3) Regulation for draining waste water
- Industrial waste water when draining to surface water source or urban pipe with
high standard quality according to special regulation ( appendix 8)
- Potable wastewater from toilets in the house, public toilets must be treated
through water-closet tank that was built as regulation before draining to urban tribute. If
it lets out to rain water pipe, it will be solved seperately with high standard quality.
- Hospital’s waste water must be separated into 2 types:
 Patients’ potable wastewater, officer’s working in hospital must be solved
through water-closet tank that was built as regulation before draining to urban tribute.
If it lets out to raining water pipe, it will be solved seperately with high standard
quality.
 Harmful medical wastewater must be treated privately with high standard
quality before draining to urban tribute.
- Location of draining waste water:
 Waste water after being cleaned will be let out to surface water source, this
work must be done at the last point of flow in comparison with urban and densely
populated area.

65
  The location of draining waste water must be defined base on environmental
effect survey, suitable with: the quality of waste water after being cleaned;
characteristics and planning using water source that receiving waste water; urban
planning, industrial zone, inhabitant area relating to water source protection.
4) Regulation of collecting waste water:
- Collecting waste water must reach 80% of total standard of potable water
supply.
- Collecting industrial waste water must reach 80% of total standard of industrial
water supply ( it depends on types of industry)
- Industrial waste water must be classified (dust water, un-dust water, poisonous
water...) before being collected and having private solution.
5) Regulation of waste water’s solution:
- Urban potable waste water, industrial zone, work- villages must be collected and
privately solved, to ensure the current environment’s regulation.
- Waste mud from waste water treatment system must be collected, transported by
special transports to the place to solve solid waste.
- Waste mud with dangerous substance from waste water treatment system must
be collected, transported by special transports to the place to solve dangerous waste
susbstance
6) Regulation of environment’s safe distance ( ATVMT) of pumping station, waste water
treatment plants:
- Requirement of minimum of environment’s safe distance between pumping
station, cleaning waste water with residential area, food factory, hospital, school and
other projects in the urban are regulated in table 6.1.
- In the environment’s safe distance, it is compulsory to plan green trees with the
width 10m.
- For pumping waste water station using pumping machine in a hidden well, it
doesn’t need a safe distance of environment, but it must have a ventilator to let bad
smelling out (to let it out at a high of 3m).
7) Regulation of drain waste water system’s location.
- At old streets, narrow pavement, can not dig the pavement to set up a pipe, so
pipe can be set up in the street.
- At new streets, drain water must be set up vertically the pavement in the
technical trench.
- At the streets with the width of 7m, drain water must be set up vertically along
with 2 side of the street.
8) The location of waste water treatment plant ( WWTP)
- Waste water treatment plants must be located downstream of any industrial or
other abstraction points and at the last receiving source according to water flow.
- In special case, when waste water treatment plant or drying yard of mud must be
located upstream of any industrial zone or other abstraction points, waste water treatment
plant in table 6.1 must be at least 1,5 as much as the normal one..

66
Table 6.1: The minimum of environment’s safe distance
The minimum of environment’s safe distance
(m) equal with capacity (m3/day)
No. Types of project 5.000 –
< 200 200 - 5.000 >50.000
50.000
(m3/ day) (m3/day) (m 3
/day)
(m3/day)
1 Pumping waste water station 15 20 25 30
2 Cleaning waste water station:
a Mechanics cleaning,having dry 100 200 300 400
yard of mud
b Artificial biological 100 150 300 400
cleaning,having dry yard of mud
c Artificial biological cleaning 10 15 30 40
without dry yard of mud, having
dry-mud machine, bed smelling
solving equipment, hidden built
d Land to filter underground waste 100 150 300 500
water
e Land to water green trees, 50 200 400 1000
agriculture
f Biological lake 50 200
g Oxidate irrigation 50 150

4.1.2 Planning solid waste management

1) General regulation
- Planning solid waste management is a major building code, include: investigate,
make serveys, forecast in detail source and total volum of normal and dangerous solid
waste; define the location and scale of transit stations, the restriction of collecting,
transport; define location, local scale to solve solid waste base on the proposal of
suitable solving technique; making plan and human resource with the aim at collecting
and solve fully solid waste;
- Planning solid waste management include: continous province code; provincial
code. Continous province code of solid waste will be considered in urban, industrial zone,
economic zone, tourism zone, historical- cultural having meaning of zone connecting,
that is the force to develop each zone.
- Dangerous solid waste must be collected, transported and privately solved,
suitable with regulation of the law of environmental preservation
2) Regulation of selecting the location of solving solid waste build base
- Urban solving solid waste unit must be located outside of urban area,
downstream and downwind. Around solving solid waste unit must be planted green tree
in a buffer zone.

67
- It is not allowed for urban solving solid waste unit to be located at constantly
flooded area, cax-to area, abrupt built area.
- When choosing the location to build a solving solid waste unit, it needs to make
a research the serving ability for nearby urban areas, create an advantage for investing
technical under structure, and reduce demand of land holding and environmental
pollution.
- In the environment’s safe distance area of solving solid waste unit, the forestry
activities can be carried out, building transport projects, irrigation works, line and electric
station, draining water system and solving waste water system.
3) Solving solid waste technology.
- Solving solid waste technology intended to be chosen among solving solid waste
must be effective, suitable with economic condition, not causing underground water,
surface water source’s pollution and the environmental air all around.
- The partition of solid waste with burying method not exceed 15% total of solid
waste that were collected. The partition of solid waste with other method (reprocessing,
reusing, producing organic fertilizer...) 85%.
4) Collecting solid waste
a) The partition of collecting solid waste is stipulated in table 6.2.
Table 6.2: The partition of collecting solid waste
Volum of arising solid waste The proportion of
Types of urban collecting CTR
(kg/person-day) (%)
Special, I 1,3 100
II 1,0  95
III-IV 0,9  90
V 0,8  85

b) Requirement for transit station of solid waste

- The transit station of solid waste must be built in aim at receiving and
transporting all the volum of solid waste in the restriction’s radius of collecting area to
solving area not exceed 2 days;
- At each transit station of solid waste: it is compulsory to design a special car
parking, having a system of collecting sewage and preliminary solved;
- The environment’s safe distance of transit station is 20m.
5) Regulation of environment’s safe distance of solving solid waste unit.
- The burying place of mixed solid waste ( organic and inorganic) must be
hygienic, the environment’s safe distance between burying place’s fence to the foot of
other building projects is 1.000m.
- The shortest safe distance of environment between solid waste’s burying place
and the foot of other building project is 100m.

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- Solving solid waste factory (burning with draining air settlement, processing
organic fertilizer): the shortest safe distance of environment between factory to the foot
of other building project is 500m.
- The width of green tree with buffer zone out of fence is 20m counting from
the fence of solving solid waste unit.
6) Dangerous solid waste must be classified, collected and privately solved.
4.1.3 Planning cemetary in the urban area
1) Requirement of building cemetary location.
- When chosing the location of cemetary, we also make research of the serving
ability for association zones and urban;
- The newly built cemetary must be located outside the urban area, suitable with
urban development planning or rural residential area, not having environmental influence
to arounding inhabitants area, potable water supply source, downwind comparing with
residential area.
- First burial cemetary, one time inhumed cemetary are not located in the urban
area;
- The current cemetaries in the urban area that not meet environment’s standard
must stop using and have the plan of moving them.
2) Requirement of total area of cemetary:
- The area of cemetary must ensure that the land distributing to zones: burial,
collecting and solving waste water from first burial zone system, roads, protection house,
celebrating yard, green trees, suitable fences and system of signals to recornize tombs.
- For mixing cemetary, it must have different burial zone ( first burial,
funeral,crematory), children place, region...
3) Regulation of using cemetary’s land:
- The scale of using land for cemetary needs to be forecasted base on the research
of urban population. The norm of using land for 1 tomb:
 First burial, one time inhumed tomb: ≤5m2/tomb;
 Funeral: ≤3m2/tomb.
- The proportion of using land in the cemetary:
 First burial and one time inhumed cemetary: maximum 70% land area using
in burying; minimum 30% land area for transportation project and supporting
projects.
 Funeral cemetary: maximum 50% land area for burying, minimum 50% land
area for transportation and supporting projects.
4) Regulation of environment’s safe distance for cemetery:
The shortest safe distance of environment from cemetery to boundary of residential
area, schools, hospital, office..... is regulated as follow:
- Delta area:
 The minimum environment’s safe distance of first burial cemetery is 1.500m
when not having the system of collecting and solving waste water from tombs , and
500 m when having the system of collecting and solving waste water from tombs;

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  The minimum environment’s safe distance of funeral cemetery is: 100m.
- Midland, mountainous area :
 The minimum environment’s safe distance of first burial cemetery is 2.000m
when not having the system of collecting and solving waste water from tombs and
500 m when having the system of collecting and solving waste water from tombs ;
 The minimum environment’s safe distance of funeral cemetery is: 100m.
- For one time inhumed cemetery, the minimum distance is 500m.
- The minimum environment’s safe distance from first burial cemetery to
concentrative potable water supply exploiting project is 2.500m.
- The minimum environment’s safe distance from the cemetery to the nearest
water border of water surface ( river; lake, sea) not using for the purpose of supplying
potable water supply:
 For first burial cemetery: 300m;
 For funeral cemetery: 100m.
- The minimum environment’s safe distance from first burial cemetery to urban
boundary road, raiway is 200m and it is surrounded with green trees.
- The shortest environment’s safe distance from newly built crematory project to
residential area, public and civil projects nearby is: 500m.
- Agricultural- forestry farming, technical structure projects such as:
transportation, hydraulic works, line and electric stations, oil transfering.... are allowed to
build in the area of cemetery;
5) Regulation of collecting and solving waste from cemetery:
- Solid waste must be collected and solved with environment’s hygiene.
- It must have a system of collecting water absorbed from first burial’s tombs to
collectively solve them hygienic before letting it out the environment.
- Waste water treatment zone from fisrt burial’s tombs must be located
downstream of receiving waste water source, where the terrain is lowest in the cemetery.
6) Funeral parlour:
- Each urban has at least one funeral parlour
- One funeral parlour servers maximum 250.000 people...
- The location of newly built funeral parlour must not have bad influence to other
functional zone’s activities and urban’s transportation.
- The shortest environment’s safe distance from newly built funeral parlour:
 To housing projects:100m;
 To market, school, hospital: 200m.
- Each funeral parlour has campus at least: 10.000m2.
4.1.4 Public toilet planning
- On the main streets, commercial zone, parks, car station, public activity place, it
must to design public toilet.
- The distance between two public toilets on the main streets 1,5km.
- At main bus-stops it must have public toilet.

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- In the area with special value of urban’s view or the limit of land, it must to build
underground public toilet.
- In high building, we can use 1 room of ground floor to set up a public toitlet and
needs to have guiding signal.
- At petrol station out of urban, public toilet must be located far from oil
containing tank 10m.
- In the underground projects with the activities of people (subway station,
underground supermarket, car garage, cantin…), public toilet room must be located with
signal and guideline. Waste water from water-closit tank must be pumped to urban’s
waste water drainage.

4.2 Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery zone planning
Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery zone planning must meet the
following requirements:
- Define norms of waste water, solid waste, land for cemetery;
- Forecast total volum of waste water, solid waste ( normal, dangerous);
- Forecast the demand of land for waste water treatment projects, solid waste
treatment plant and cemetery;
- Have selection of water drainage system;
- Define the location, the scale of normal and dangerous solid waste treatment
unit, cemetery and waste water drainage zone;
- Propose waste water and solid waste treatment method;
- Propose suitable burial technique

4.3 Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery urban planning.
4.3.1 Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery planning in common
building planning.
Waste water drainage,control of solid waste, cemetery planning in common building
planning must to ensure these following requirements:
- Define norms of waste water, solid waste, land for cemetery in the urban;
- Forecast total volum of waste water, solid waste and demand of land for
cemetery;
- Sellect and plan system of waste water drainage ( pumping station, water
treatment plant);
- Propose water treatment technology;
- Define the location and forecast the demand of using land for orignin projects
( waste water and solid waste treatment);
- The scale of collecting and solid waste treatment technology;
- Define the location and scale of transfer station, solid waste treatment unit;
- Define the location, scale of funeral parlour, cemetery, burial technology;

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4.3.2 Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery and public toilet
planning in detail building planning
Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery and public toilet planning in
detail building planning must ensure these following requirement:
- Define norms and volum of waste water, solid waste;
- Waste water drainage and water treatment system planning;
- Define the scale of waste water drainage treatment project and waste water
treatment technology;
- The scale of collecting and solid waste treatment technology
- Define the location, scale of funeral parlour;
- Define the location of public toilets.

4.4 Waste water drainage, control of solid waste, cemetery planning in rural residential
area.
4.4.1 Water drainage
- In the rural residential area, it must have a system of rain and potable water
drainage.
- Take advantage of river, lake, canal, stream for draining and cleaning natural
waste water drainage. It is allowed to use rain water pipe system for draining waste water
that is solved through water-closit tank.
- Water drainage from work villages that is dirtied and causes harmfulness must
be classified and treated with environmental standard before letting it out receiving
source.
- Collect at least 80% volum of water supply for treatment.
4.4.2 Control of solid waste
- Must build hygienic toilet; not drain dung and waste directly to lake,pond and
fishes’ trench.
- Breeding animal’s cattle must be located far from houses and common road at
least 5m and have green trees surrounding. Dung, urine from breeding cattle must be
collected and have suitable treatment ( burying or hiding cover);
- Solid waste from household must be classified, collected and treated:
 Organic waste: using for breeding animal; treating by burying altogether
with animal’s dung in the field, garden to make a compost for agriculture;
 Inorganic waste: collective treatment ( reprocessing, burying...)
4.4.3 Cemetary
- The newly built cemetery must to be located far from zone at least 500m, in a
quiet place, high and not collapse.
- Take advantage of hill, hillock, disadvantaged land for farming to build
cemetery.
- Cemetery needs to be design road planning, green trees, suitable fence.

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CHAPTER VII. POWER SUPPLY PLANNING

5.1 Requirements on power supply planning.

Power supply planning must meet demands and ensure reliability according to the
type of power consumer as follow.
1) Power consumer and requirement:
- For power consumer of class 1: including important office ( National Assembly
house, President’s working house, Prime Minister’s working house), densely population
area, emergency operating, surgery room, radio and television broadcasting stations,
communication center, chemical factory, metallurgical furnace, klanke kiln…
Requirement: Power must be supplied continously, there must be an automatic standby
power source.
- For power consumer of class 2: including public building of city level, housing
blocks of more than 5 stories, water supply plants, waste treatment works and consumers
requiring more than 4000KW.
Requirement: power must be supplied continously, there must be a standby source of
power which can be activated manually.
- For power consumers of class 3, including: all other consumers.
Requirement: The permissible duration of power interruption does not exceed 12 hours,
not require standby source.
2) Requirement with power source:
- Thermo-electricity factories and source station 500KV must be located near
center of big additional charges, national high voltage network, big communication spots
such as: ports, roads, railway, convenient places for power lines connecting electric
factory, power station, not be located in urban area, flooding areas and must obey
requirement of environment’s standard.
- Source stations 220KV must be located outsite urban area. If it must be located
in urban area, not located city’s centers and must have enough land for setting a station,
enough corridor for connecting high and medium voltage line with stations. If it is
located near city’s centers of class I or special , we must use hidden station.
- Stations 110KV located in urban area of class II to special class, it must use
hidden station.
3) Regulations with electric network:
- Not planning power lines 500KV across city of urban area.
- High voltage network 110KV and 220KV across city of urban area class II to
special must be located underground.
- For planning high voltage network must obey Power Law’s regulations about
Power developing planning that were approved by authorities and current regulations on
protecting safely high voltage network (see appendix 17)

5.2 Electric supply zone planning

1) Electric additional charge

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 In drawings of building planning zone, electric additional charge includes: additional
charge in urban area, economical zone, particular zones, manufacturing area (industry,
agriculture) with large scale in planning zone.
2) Power source
- For drawings of interprovincial building planning, big urban zone, power source
is electric factories or transformer stations with source from 220KV and more; electric
network transmitting from 220KV and above enable to supply electricity to the area.
- For drawings of provincial building planning, power source is electric factories,
transformer stations with source form 110KV and more; electric network transmitting
form 110KV and more enable to supply electricity to the area.
- For drawings of commune or intercommune building planning, electric source is
transformer stations from 35KV and more; electric network from 35KV and more enable
to supply electricity to the area.
3) Electric network
- Drawing planning of interprovincial building : electric network planning from
220KV and more
- Drawing planning of provincial building: electric network planning from 110Kv
and more.
- Drawing planning of commune and inter-commune building: electric network
planning from 22KV and more.

5.3 Planning power supply for urban area.

5.3.1 General planning power supply
1) Electric additional charge
- In drawing planning of urban building, additional charge include: electric
additional charge for living, public buildings and services, manufacturing (industry,
agriculture, etc.) in urban area. Each type of additional charge is forecasted base on
standards of power supply.
- For planning purposes of common building in the urban area, the minimum
standards of power supply is regulated in the following table.
Table 7.1: Standards of power supply for urban living (conforming people)
First period Second period
(10 years) (after 10 years)
No Standard Speic
Specia
al
l class
class I II-III IV-V I II-III IV-V
of city
of city
1 Design consumption
(KWh/capita.year) 1400 1100 750 400 2400 2100 1500 1000
2 Duration of maximum
2800 2500 2500 2000 3000 3000 3000 3000
load hour (hours/year)
3 Power load (W/capita) 500 450 300 200 800 700 500 330

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Table 7.2: Standard of power supply for public buildings
Class of city Special city I II-III IV-V
Power supply for public building
( counting by % power load for 50 40 35 30
urban living)

- Standard of power supply for industry (industrial manufacturing, storehouse):

for current industrial zone, the demand of power supply is forecasted according to current
requirement of using or intending of widening. With newly built foresee industrial zones,
no idea of its scale, capacity of each factory, and only know scale of land building,
standards regulated at table 7.3..
Table 7.3: Standards of power supply for industrial manufacturing. Storehouse
Standard
No Class of industry
(KW/ha)
1 Heavy industry (refine steel,refine ion, car manufacturing, 350
machine tool manufacturing,petrochemical industry,
chemistry,fertilizer), cement manufactoring
2 Other building material industry, mechanical industry 250
3 Foods grain and foodstuffs processing industry, electronic 200
industry, computer and textile industry
4 Shoes, garment manufacture 160
5 Group of small industries 140
6 Manufacture unit of hand-made industry 120
7 Storehouse 50

For industrial zone and group, if know the capacity scale of each factory, the demand of
power supply needs to be forecasted conforming spending design consumption/ unit of
product
2) Power source: electric factories and transformer stations from 110KV and more.
3) Electric network is classified conforming class of city:
- For city of I to special city, electric network planning from 110KV and more for
all the city, electric network planning from 220KV and more for each district, commune.
- Đối với các đô thị còn lại, quy hoạch từ lưới 22KV trở lên cho toàn đô thị.
5.3.2 Power supply planning in detail
1) Power supply planning:
- Electric additional charge, include: electric additional charge for urban living,
public buildings, manufacturing (if have), additional charge for green tree- park zone,

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public lighting. Electric additional is calculated base on standards of power supply,
standard of power supply must not less than other standards in the following tables:

Table 7.4: Standards of power supply (conforming household)

Residential area characteristic Standard (kW/household)
Block of low housing (1÷2 floor) renovation or 2
newly build
Block of continuos housing or apartment with 45 3
floors
High apartment block(9 floors) 4
Villas 5

Table 7.5: Standards of power supply for public building, services (when having scale of
building projects forecast)
No Name of additional charge Standard of power supply
1 Office
- Without air conditioner 20W/m2 floor
- With air conditioner 30W/m2 floor
2 School
- Kindergartens
+ Without air conditioner 0,15kW/child
+ With air conditioner 0,2kW/child
- Secondary school
+ Without air conditioner 0,1kW/pupil
+ With air conditioner 0,15kW/pupil
- University
+ Without air conditioner 15W/m2 floor
+ With air conditioner 25W/m2 floor
3 Shop, supermarket, market, commercial and service
center
+ Without air conditioner 20W/m2 floor
+ With air conditioner 30W/m2floor
4 Hotel, guesthouse
- Guesthouse, 1 star hotel 2kW/bed
- 23 star hotel 2,5kW/bed
- 45 star hotel 3,5kW/bed
5 Medical examine group (health project)
-National hospital 2,5kW/hospital bed
- Provincial,city hospital 2 kW/hospital bed
- Commune, district hospital 1,5 kW/hospital bed

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 No Name of additional charge Standard of power supply
6 Theater, zoo, cinema
- With air conditioner 25 W/m2

Table 7.6: Dazzelement, brightness on roads

Minimum Minimum
Class of Design speed
Tyes of road dazzelement brightness
roads (Km/h)
( Cd/m2) (Lx)
1.highways
- Class 120 120 1,5
- Class 100 100 1,2
Urban -Class 80 80 1,0
2 Main arterial roads 80÷100 1,2
3. Main roads 80÷100 1,0
4. Inter-zone roads 60÷80 0,8
5. Main road 50÷60 0,6
zone
6. Zone road 40÷50 0,4
Interna 7. Seperated-zone road 40 0,2÷0,4
l 8. Road inside of housing block 20÷30 5

Table 7.7: The brightness on roads for cycling, walking.

No Types of road Brightness (Lx)
1 Walking road at urban’s centers 5
2 Cycling, walking place on roads at other areas with number
of people going:
a - High 3
b - Medium 1,5
c - Low 1
3 Pavement with cut surface land larger than 5m 3

Table 7.8: The brightness on parks, flower garden

No Lighted subjects En (lx)
Park Garden
1 Gate
- Entry main gate 7 -
- Entry secondary gate 5 -
2 Walking road
- Main arterial road 5 3
- Branch road, walking road with many green trees 2 1

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 3 Yard for outdoor activities 5 5

Bảng 7.9: Regulation on dazzelement and brightness of architectural projects

Dazzelement
No Material for project’s surface Brightness (Lx)
(Cd/m2)
1 Marble, white tile 20 3
2 Brick, light yellow paint 30 5
3 Grey stone, cemen wall 50 5
4 Brick, light brown paint 50 5
5 Pink grannit tile 50 5
6 Construction beton 75 8
7 Red brick 100 8
8 Black tile, grey grannit, grey paint 100 8
9 Brick, dark colour paint 150 8

- Power source is defined according to common planning urban building that is

approved
- Electric network: planning high voltage network; medium voltage network
22KV, low voltage network 0,4KV, road lighting network, park and garden lighting
network, outsite lighting of special architectural projects, cultural-artistic projects
(statue,water ejecting tower, bridges for large river…),lighting decoration in streets, parks
and garden.,
2) Urban lighting includes: lighting for urban roads, lighting parks, garden, decoration
( decoration on roads, green tree, grass cover, decoration on bridges for large river),
lighting outsite of architectural projects, statue, water ejecting tower (lighting fine art,
advertise, information, signal)
- Urban road lighting include: lighting roads, square for motor-vehicles and
pavement and road for bicycler and walker.
 For pavements with horizontal surface cut less than 5m, organize lighting
with roads, for pavements with horizontal surface cut more than 5m, it must organize
separate lighting.
 All types of road in the urban area with horizontal surface cut from 1,5m
and more are all artificially lighted.
 Roads for motor-vehicle with horizontal surface cut from 3,5m and more
must ensure the minimum dazzelement regulated in table 7.6
 Lighting of roads for bicyclers, walkers, pavements with horizontal surface
cut more than 5m, it must ensure the minimum dazzelement regulated in table 7.7.

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- Lighting for parks and gardens include: lighting for entry gate, yard for outdoor
activities, lighting for roads in the park, garden. The minimum brightness for park and
garden regulated in table 7.8.
- Lighting the surface of architectural projects: pazzelement regulated in table 7.9.
- Decoration lighting: just for some main arterial roads, public places such as
park, garden, square in festival days.

5.4 Planning power supply for rural residential area.

1) Planning power supply for rural residential area must base on the ability of each area’s
electrification, take advantage other energy sources such as solar energy, wind, biogas
and especially small hydraulic.
2) Planning power line in rural residential area must combine with architecture and
communication planning, do not allow power line across imflammable, explosive areas
3) Additional charge:
- Demand of power supply for living in rural residential area must ensure
minimum 50% standard of power supply for living with urban type V(table 7.1)
- Demand of power supply for public building (commune, inter-commune centre)
in rural residential area must ensure ≥15% standard of power supply for living in
commune and inter-commune.
- Demand of power supply for manufacturing must base on concrete requirements
of each manufacture unit.
4) Design road lighting system for rural residential area: center of commune or inter-
comune must reach standard ≥3Lx, other roads ≥1,5Lx.
5) Low voltage station must be located in the central of additional charge, or near the
biggest additional charge, at the convenient place for setting lines, not cut communication
road, not cause obstruction, or dangerous for manufacturing, living.
6) Medium and low voltages need to avoid acrossing ponds, lakes, marsh, High
Mountain, communication road with horizontal surface cutting big road, industrial
manufacturing areas….
7) Low voltage station and medium voltage line, high voltage in rural residential areas
must ensure corridor and buffer zone comforming current regulation.

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 APPENDIX
The following appendix includes current regulations at the time of promulgating this
code. When loyal normative writing is supplemented or amended, this will apply new
document’s regulation..

APPENDIX 1 REGULATION OF URBAN DESIGNING

Decree 08/2005/NĐ-CP dated on 24/1/2005 by Government about building planning:
- Article 30: Urban designing in common urban building planning;
- Article 31: Urban designing in detail urban building planning.
APPENDIX 2. REGULATION OF DAM PROTECTION ZONE
- Law on dike 2006.

APPENDIX 3. REGULATION OF IRRIGATION PROTECTION ZONE

- Law and degree of Hydraulic exploiting and reservation project, No.
32/2001/PL-UBTVQH10 dated on 04/4/2001.
- Decree 143/2003/NĐ-CP dated on 28/11/2003 regulated in detail the
implementation of some articles in the Law and Degree of Hydraulic exploiting and
reservation project.

APPENDIX 4. RELATING DOCUMENTS ABOUT REGULATION OF

TRANSPORT PROTECTION PROJECTS ZONE.
- Road Law No. 26/2001/QH10
- Domestic sea Law No. 23/2004/QH11 dated on 15/6/2004.
- Shipping Law No. 40/2004/QH11 dated on 14/6/2004.
- Raiway Law No. 35/2005/QH11 dated on 14/6/2005 by National Assembly.
- Civil aviation Law No. 66/2006/QH11 dated on 16/5/2006.
- Decree No. 186/2004/NĐ-CP dated on 05/11/2004 regulated about Management
and Protection of Road Transport structure..
- Decree No. 109/2006/NĐ-CP dated on 22/9/2006 regulated in detail and guide
to implement some article in Raiway Law.
- Decree No. 71/2006/NĐ-CP dated on 25/7/2006 about sea-port management and
shipping line.
- Decree No. 94/2007/NĐ-CP dated on 04/6/2007 about aviation management.
- The buffer zone between airport and civil zone (table PL4.1 and PL4.2).

Table PL4.1: The minimum buffer zone between airport and civil zone (km)
T Take-off direction and flying line direction in Grade of airport
No comparison with civil zone I II III IV

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 a Take-off across civil zone
- Flying line cut civil zone 5 10 20 30
- Flying line not cut civil zone 5 10 15 15
b Take-off and flying line not cut civil zone 2 5 6 6
Note: Types of airport are defined according to the basic length of landing and take-off runway as
regulated in the table PL4.2 as follow:
Table PL4.2: Classify airport according to the length of runway
Grade of airport I II III IV
The length of runway (m) Under 800 8001200 12001800 Over 1800
Classify airport according to ICAO(*) 1 2 3 4
Note: (*) ICAO is abbriviation of lInternational Civil Aviation Organization

APPENDIX 5. REGULATION ON CONTROL OF SOLID WASTTE

- TCVN 6706-2000: Harmful waste. Classify.
- TCVN 6696-2000: Hygienic place for burying solid waste. General requirement:
protect environment.
- TCXDVN 261-2001: Place for burying solid waste. Standard of design.
- TCXDVN 320-2004: Place for burying harmful solid waste. Standard of design.
- Decree No. 59/2007/NĐ-CP dated on 9/4/2007 By Government about control of
solid waste.
- Circular No. 13/2007/TT-BXD dated on 31/12/2007 By Construction Ministry
guiding some article of Decree No. 59/2007/NĐ-CP dated on 9/4/2007 By Government
about control of solid waste.

APPENDIX 6. HARMFUL GRADE OF FACTORIES, STORE HOUSES

- TCVN 4449-1987: Classify factories, stores according to grade of harmfulness
and hygienic buffer zone

APPENDIX 7. REGULATIONS ON WATER SUPPLY QUALITY.

- Decree No. 09/2005/QĐ-BYT dated on March 11, 2005 by Minister of Health
Ministry regulated on quality of potable water supply in urban and rural area.
- Decree No. 1329/2002/BYT/QĐ dated on 18/4/2002 by Ministry of Health
Ministry on minimum potable water requirements.

APPENDIX 8. REGULATION ON QUALITY OF WASTE WATER

- Potable water drainage when being let out to the sea must obey VietNamese
Standard 5943-1995.
- Potable water drainage- Limitation of pollution must obey VietNamese Standard
6772-2000.
- Potable water drainage when being letting out water source using for irrigation
work must obey VietNamese Standard 6773-2000.
- Potable water drainage when being letting out fresh water protecting aquatic
plant must obey Vietnamese Standard: 6774-2000

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- Potable water drainage after pumping water drainage station must achieave
Vietnamese Standard 7222-2002.
- Potable water drainage when being letting out water surface source must obey
Vietnamese Standard 5942-1995.
- TCVN 7382-2004: Water quality. Hospital’s water waste. Drainage Standard.
- TCVN 5945-2005 “Industrial water waste. Drainage Standard”.

APPENDIX 9. REGULATIONS ON AIR QUALITY.

- Air quality around drainage point: TCVN 5937-2005.
- Permitted maximum concentration of some harmful substances in the air around
drainage point: TCVN 5938-2005.
- TCVN 5939-2005: Air quality- Standard for Dust and Inorganic substances in
waste gases.
- TCVN 5940-2005: Air quality- Standard for Organic substances in waste gases.
- TCVN 6560-1999: Waste air from health’s solid waste incinerator.

APPENDIX 10. REGULATIONS ON FIRE PRECAUSTION AND PROTECTION.

- Fire precaustion and protection Law dated on 29/6/2001.
- Decree No. 35/2003/NĐ-CP by Government dated on 4/4/2003 regulated in
detail implementation some article of Fire precaustion and protection Law.
- Chapter 11- Building code promulgated with Decree No. 439/BXD-CSXD dated
on September 25, 1997 by Ministry of Construction Ministry about anti-fire level and
manufacturing grade.

APPENDIX 11. REGULATIONS ON PERMITTED MAXIMUM NOISE

- TCVN 5949-1998: Permitted maximum noise for residential area.
- TCVN 5948-1995: Permiited maximum noise for public means of transport on
road.
- TCVN 6436-1998: Permiited maximum noise for public means of transport
when parking.
- TCVN 5948-1999: Permitted maximum noise for public means of transport on
road when speed up.
- TCVN 6962-2001: Permitted maximum shake and vibration level of industrial
constructing and manufacturing activities in the public environment and residential area.

APPENDIX 12. REGULATIONS ON NATIONAL DEFENCE PROJECT

PROTECTION ,MILITARY ZONE.
National defence projects, military zones must be protected according to regulations
of Law and Decree on National defence project and military zone protection and
Government’s Decree that promulgated regulation of national defence projects and
military zone protection or other valid relating regulations
APPENDIX 13. REGULATIONS ON RELIC AND BEAUTIFUL SITE
PROTECTION.

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- Cultural heritage law dated on 29/6/2001.
- Decree No. 92/2002/NĐ-CP by Government regulated some detail to implement
points in Cultural heritage.

APPENDIX 14. REGULATIONS ON BUILDING PLANNING

- Decree No. 08/2005/NĐ-CP, dated on January 24, 2005 by Government about
Building Planning.
- Circular No.15/2005/TT-BXD dated on August 19, 2005 by Construction
Ministry guide to establish, investigate and approve building planning drawing.
- TCVN 4449-87: Urban building planning. Design standard.

APPENDIX 15. REGULATIONS RELATING TO COMMUNICATION PLANNING.

- TCXDVN 104-2007: Urban’s roads. Design requirement.
- TCVN 4054-2005: Car’s road. Design requirement.
- TCVN 5729-1997: Highway for car. Design requirement.
- TCVN 4117-1985: Design procedure for raiway size 1435.

APPENDIX 16. REGULATIONS RELATING TO WATER SUPPLY PLANNING.

- TCDXVN 33-2006: Water supply. Outside net system and project. Design
standard.
- TCXD 233-1999: Norms for selection surface water source, underground water
source to serve potable water supply system.

APPENDIX 17. HIGH VOLTAGE PROJECT SYSTEM’S SAFE PROTECTION.

- Power Law.
- Decree No. 106/2005 NĐ-CP, dated on August 17, 205 by Government
regulated in detail and guide to implement some article in Power Law about high voltage
project system’s safe protection.

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