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INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY
SYSTEMS COMPARISON
Key International Sustainability Systems:
Energy and Water Conservation Requirements
Prepared for CoreNet Global by Ove Arup & Partners Ltd. | March 2014
Primary Authors:
Jenn McArthur, Arup Toronto
Nubia Herrera, Arup New York
Pallavi Mantha, Arup New York
Acknowledgements:
The research funding to develop this report has been generously donated by Arup, Brookfield Office Properties and CoreNet
Global.
Disclaimer:
While the information contained in this report has been reviewed for accuracy based on the information available at the time
of its writing (March 31, 2014), it is intended to be a high-level document and is limited in scope. For example, while certain
legislative requirements have been included in the Appendices, this is not intended to be a comprehensive list and does not
include a review of codes or other regulations. Similarly, incentives listed are only those idenfitied by the sustainability system
website as significant benefits of adopting the system. Finally, the market trends noted in the appendices are broad themes
noted by Arup sustinability consultants in the countries listed and may not apply to each builidng.
This report was developed to provide a comparison of water and energy credit requirements for various sustainability
systems for CoreNet Global. It is not intended for and should not be relied upon by any third party and no responsibility is
undertaken to any third party. The reader is advised to undertake specific market research to identify all legislative
requirements, applicable local codes and standards, available incentives and relevant market data prior to selecting the target
for a particular project.
1 ‘02 ‘03 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14
BREEAM LEED GREENMARK BEAM PLUS GREEN STAR NABERS NABERS ENERGY STAR
ENERGY WATER
UK USA Singapore Hong Kong Australia Australia USA
OUTSTANDING PLATINUM PLATINUM PLATINUM 6 STAR 6 STAR - MARKET LEAD ENERGY STAR
RATINGS AWARDED
LABEL
EXCELLENT GOLD PLUS INDICATING
GOLD GOLD 5 STAR 5 STAR - EXCELLENT PERCENTILE
VERY GOOD SILVER GOLD SILVER 4 STAR 4 STAR - GOOD
PASS
2 STAR 2 STAR - BELOW AVERAGE
UNCLASSIFIED
1 STAR 1 STAR - POOR
ENERGY WATER
INCREMENTAL
CREDITS REQUIRED 15 20 5 PLATINUM 25 25 N/A N/A N/A
FOR EACH LEVEL OF OUTSTANDING ↑10 GOLD PLUS
CERTIFICATION ↑15 PLATINUM ↑10
↑20 GOLD PLATINUM 6 STAR
EXCELLENT
↑25 ↑10 ↑15
↑15 GOLD
GOLD ↑10 5 STAR
VERY GOOD
↑10 SILVER ↑15
↑10 SILVER CERTIFIED ↑15
GOOD ↑10 ↑50
↑15 CERTIFIED CERTIFIED 4 STAR
↑40 ↑40 ↑45
PASS
↑30
1-3 STAR
140,000
COSTIN USD
BEAM PLUS 2
120,000
COST
100,000
80,000
60,000
LEED
40,000
Green Star
20,000 Green Mark 2
LEED (Membership)
Green Star (Membership)
10,000
BREEAM
NABERS
0 ENERGY STAR
320,000
350,000
500,000
110,000
150,000
50,000
0
PROJECT SIZE
PROJECT
GROSS FLOOR SIZE
AREA IN SFT
GROSS FLOOR AREA IN SFT
Notes:
1. Note that administrative fee includes the registration, accreditation/assessment and certification
fee but excludes the design fee associated with the project as well as any costs incurred by the design
Notes: team to document compliance. This suggests a reduced relative cost for LEED and Green Star ratings
systems.
1 Note that administrative fee includes the registration, accreditation/assessment and certification fee but excludes the design
2. For projects exceeding 400,000 sft under BEAM PLUS or 1,000,000 and up in Green Mark, the fees are
fee associated with theonproject
determined as well as any
a project-by-project costs incurred by the design team to document compliance. This suggests a
basis.
reduced relative cost for LEED and Green Star ratings systems.
For projects exceeding 400,000 sft under BEAM PLUS or 1,000,000 and up in Green Mark, the fees are determined on a
project-by-project basis.
ORIGIN: UK
NETHERLANDS
IRELAND GERMANY
EASTERN EU
BRAZIL
Management 12 22
Energy 19 30
Transport 8 9
Water 6 9
Materials 12.5 12
Waste 7.5 7
Pollution 10 13
Innovation 10 10
EUROPE
CANADA UK
ORIGIN: USA
R. KOREA
TURKEY CHINA
UAE INDIA
MEXICO
AFRICA
BRAZIL
AUSTRALIA
Sustainable Sites 24 22 26
Water Efficiency 9 10
Innovation in Design 5 6
Regional Priority 4 4
CHINA
THAILAND
MALAYSIA VIETNAM
INDONESIA
ORIGIN:
SINGAPORE
BENCHMARKS 50 - 74 75 - 84 85 - 90 > 90
Water Efficiency 9 17
Environmental Protection 22 42
10
• use of materials, recycling, and waste BEAM Plus is the dominant sustainability
management; system used in Hong Kong and has
also been adopted for projects in Macau
• water quality, conservation and and Southern China.
recycling; and
CHINA
ONE STAR* TWO STAR* THREE STAR* FOUR STAR FIVE STAR SIX STAR
* Not eligible for formal certification
Site Aspects 25 25
Material Aspects 8 23
Energy Use 35 30 44
Water Use 12 10
KENYA
SOUTH
AFRICA ORIGIN: AUSTRALIA
NEW ZEALAND
ONE STAR* TWO STAR* THREE STAR* FOUR STAR FIVE STAR SIX STAR
* Not eligible for formal certification
Management 10 12
Energy 25 30 29
Transport 10 11
Water 12 12
Materials 10 22
Emissions 5 16
Innovation 5
3. Building Economics
4. Market Dynamics
5. Incentives
6. Risk Management
For example, in Singapore, dual-flush In each of these cases, this sets the
water closets are mandatory (single- minimum requirement for the project to
flush may not be sold) due to water proceed. Often, there are other factors
scarcity. In several other countries the that drive a higher level of certification
production or import of incandescent than this minimum (as discussed in the
light bulbs is banned. following sections), and because a
minimum set of requirements is
3. Municipal requirements of a minimum mandatory, the incremental cost for
standard of achievement for Building achieving this certification is thus
Permit application. reduced. For example, the TGS has
several mandatory elements that
Sometimes this is directly tied to the overlap with the LEED® rating system,
certification of a building to either a providing “free” credits towards LEED®
local or international standard, while certification.
Framework the evaluation of relevant factors and 1. Where is the project to be located?
focuses extensively on benefits and (Country, City, Neighbourhood)
costs to take advantage of synergies
between different drivers and determine 2. What legislative requirements exist in
the optimal certification for a project. this location?
The framework consists of two 3. What are the local market dynamics/
flowcharts. The first guides the process expectations for new construction?
to identify the primary sustainability
certification system and target rating. In 4. Who are the prospective tenants
many locations, a local standard may be (names or t ypes) and what
a legislative requirement and would be requirements have they identified for
the tool identified in this step. The sustainability certification?
second flowchart is used after the first
to identify whether a second certification 5. Who is investing in this building?
is likely to be beneficial to the project
and provides guidance on how to Once this information is known, the
determine what that should be. flowcharts can be used. Each starts in
the top left corner. Numbers in
parentheses refer to notes included on
that page, which echo the issues
discussed in detail in the previous
section. Each “Yes” or “No” answer
leads to either a follow-up question
(diamond), a statement of a resultant
project requirement (circle), or a
recommendation (rectangle).
START
Are there any
legislative requirements?(1) Yes This will set the
or minimum minimum for the project
market expectations (2) for (system and certification level)
sustainable building
certification?
No
No
Is
No there a
Recommended target is the
known
Yes highest rating with a positive
commercial or
incremental Net Present Value
economic benefit to
to guard against future
improvement over
obsolescence risk (5)
the mandatory
rating? (4)
Recommend that the most
commonly-pursued rating
system be used at a standard
level typical of the region
refer to Appendix 1 for
guidance No
Notes:
1 For example, is there a minimum rating required by the permitting authority, mandatory disclosure (e.g. NABERS for offices exceeding 2000m2) or other
incentive (e.g. GFA concessions for buildings achieving BEAM PLUS * in Hong Kong) that effectively mandates adoption of a particular rating system and
certification. (Refer to Appendix 1).
2 Some markets have clear expectations for minimum standards or ratings systems. Refer to the Appendix for trends noted by Arup regarding minimum
expectations in commercial office buildings by region/country.
3 This includes both investor and prospective tenants and the decision-making factors for this is similar to that in Question 2
4 Factors that indicate a commercial or economic benefit for an enhanced level of certification include:
1. Market dynamics indicate a correlation with increased rental rates and higher building sustainability ratings
2. Reduced operating cost (either for an owner/occupier scenario or where the market looks primarily at gross rents (i.e. a reduction in OpEx will
allow a higher base rent). A financial analysis specific to the proposed building is required to properly asses this factor.
3. A known market demand for higher sustainability ratings that is expected to improve absorption.
START
Are there any Recommended target is the
communicated Yes communicated requirement,
requirements for unless there are known
any additional economic benefits to
systems? (6) exceeding it (4)
No
Is the
incremental Recommended target is the highest
Is there a cost of rating with a positive incremental Net
market expectation Yes secondary rating Yes Present Value (NPV). This will guard
for a minimum system justified compared against future obsolescence risk as the
certification level? with potential sustainability demands of the market
(6) commercial increases over time (5)
gains? (7)
No No
5 Note that in all regions, we have noted a consistently increasing market demand for the achievement of higher sustainability ratings. Further, in regions
where operational energy performance labeling is mandatory, a better-performing building will achieve high ratings without additional investment for a
longer period than a moderately-performing building as the market baseline increases.
6 For example: 1. Are there investor requirements for a sustainability rating system certification that is otherwise uncommon in the local market(e.g.
Corporate Sustainability requirements for investment only in buildings achieving a minimum certification level within a particular standard,
2. Would similar buildings internationally all target a particular rating system that differs from the local (e.g. Airports often pursue LEED®
certification, even when this rating system is uncommon locally, for the purposes of international comparison)
7 A similar economic analysis to that indicated in #2 is recommended, considering this time only the incremental cost of achieving a second certification
along with any associated incremental gains (rental uplift, reduced risk due to larger potential tenant market, etc) A sustainability specialist with local
experience should be consulted to assist with this incremental cost calculation. The energy and water credit comparisons provided in this report will assist
with comparison of credits in those categories and allow identification of where achievement of a credit in one system will result in a credit in another
system. Note that the full spectrum of category types is beyond the scope of this report.
CoreNet Global | International Sustainability Systems Comparison 25
3.3 Consider the following project: Decision Chart 1:
major bank (“Bank A”) as its anchor 2. LEED® Gold thus forms the project
tenant. minimum
BREEAM LEED v4 & Green Mark BEAM PLUS Green Star NABERS ENERGY STAR
LEED 2009
Country of Origin UK USA Singapore Hong Kong Australia Australia USA
Energy Efficiency
(Design & Equipment)
CO2 Emissions
Sub-Metering/
Measurement
Commissioning
Operation
of Equipment
Energy Audit
Lighting
Renewable Energy
BASIS OF PERFORMANCE
BREEAM LEED v4 & Green Mark BEAM PLUS Green Star NABERS ENERGY STAR
LEED 2009
Country of Origin UK USA Singapore Hong Kong Australia Australia USA
Energy Demand
Energy Consumption
Energy Cost
CO2 Emissions
Compliance with
Prescribed Standard
Compared to a
Database*
BREEAM LEED v4 LEED 2009 Green Mark BEAM PLUS Green Star
1
Modular Boilers
Chillers
Cooling Tower
Electric Humidifiers
Substantial
Energy Uses
1 2
Tenancy Areas
Landlord/ Common
Space Electricity
Notes 1
Gas and Metering Implement 1
If > 100 kVa
Heat based on M&V only one of
Plan and the above 2
To achieve a
selection of measure second point
one of
IPMVP Option
B or Option D
Maybe : This Indicates that an applicable method is not prescribed; for e.g. a when a monitoring plan needs to be
deloveped and could include several elements but none are prescribed
RELATIVE LIGHTING
RELATIVE POWERPOWER
LIGTHING ALLOWANCE
ALLOWANCE
FORFOR
AN OFFICE BUILDING
AN OFFICE - 33,000
BUILDING SF
- 33,000 SFT
= 3kW
NON-PRESCRIBED
LIGHTING POWER
ALLOWANCE
PRESCRIBED
LIGHTING POWER
ALLOWANCE
01 POINT
02 POINTS
03 POINTS
4.6 BREEAM addresses heat loss within Green Mark encourages projects to
two major credits (Man 01 Sustainable e n h a n c e th e ove r a l l th e r m a l
Heat Loss Procurement and Ene 01 Reduction of performance of building envelope to
Emissions) that encourage operational minimize heat gain thus reducing the
energy consumption reduction through overall cooling load requirement for
good design and ensure delivery of a conditioned spaces. Two points are
functional and sustainable asset design awarded in the NRB 1-1 Thermal
and built in accordance with Performance of Building Envelope credit
performance expectations. One point is for every reduction of 1 W/m2 in
available by performing a thermographic Envelope Thermal Transfer Value from
survey that confirms continuity of baseline. There are 12 points available
insulation, avoidance of thermal bridging for projects to achieve.
and air leakage paths through the fabric
or performing an air leakage test. Consideration of the envelope losses
are indirectly considered in other codes
as part of the Total Building Energy
Consumption credits.
40%
30%
3 Number of Credits
1
2
3
25% 4
5
6
7
8
20% 9
2
10
11
12
13
15%
14
15
7
16
17
6
10% 18
1 3
19
5
20
4 20
18
5%
3 2 15
4%
20 12
3%
2 15 9
2% 5
4 10 6
1% 3
1 1 2 5 3
1
Where a Demand Response (DR) Five strategies are outlined in the BEAM
Program is not available, 1 credit will be Plus system to optimize the building
provided for the provision of l ayo u t fo r e n e rg y ef f i c i e n cy:
infrastructure to take advantage of consideration of built form and
future DR programs or dynamic, real- orientation, consideration of optimal
time pricing programs and completion space planning, consideration of
of the following: building permeability for natural
ventilation, provision of fixed or movable
• Install interval recording meters with external shading and provision of
communications and ability for the movable external shading devices for
Building Automation System to major atrium façade windows or
accept an external price or signal skylights. If all are implemented, two
control credits are awarded. If only three are
implemented, a single credit is awarded.
• Development of a comprehensive It should be further noted that if the
plan for shedding at least 10% of the passive design alternative is used for
building estimated peak demand as credit Eu 1, there are several prescriptive
calculated in the EA prerequisite requirements including gla zing
“Minimum Energy Performance” allowance by orientation. Refer to the
BEAM Plus guide for more information.
• Include DR processes in the scope of
work for the Commissioning Authority,
including participation in at least one
full test of the DR plan
CoreNet Global | International Sustainability Systems Comparison 39
5.0 Water Credits are included sustainability
rating systems to respond to the
Water Credits increasing scarcity of potable water
resources globally. The figure below
shows the increasing water scarcity
globally, showing a consistent increase
in the increasing water stress globally
from 1995 data to 2025 projections.
1995 2025
Water withdrawal as a percentage of total available water
more than 40 % from 20 % to 10 %
from 40 % to 20 % less than 10 %
WATER
OVERVIEW CREDITS
OF WATER OVERVIEW
CREDITS ACROSS SYSTEMS
Yes No
BREEAM LEED v4 LEED 2009 Green Mark BEAM PLUS Green Star
Water Metering
Flood Risk
Water Recycling
Water Runoff
Rainwater Use
BASELINE/
PRE-REQUISITE
01 POINT
02 POINTS
03 POINTS
04 POINTS
05 POINTS
06 POINTS
08 POINTS
10 POINTS
BREEAM
100 0
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE
LEED
30 50 100 0
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE
GREENMARK
0 0 0
ANY ONE OF THE ABOVE ANY TWO OF THE ABOVE ALL THREE OF THE ABOVE
BEAM PLUS
50
GREEN STAR
90
BOTH OF THE ABOVE
KEY OPERATORS
POTABLE WATER: % Reduction in potable water use for irrigation Number indicates
% reduction
50
RECLAIMED WATER: % Use of reclaimed water for irrigation
5.4 Leak Water leakage is a silent issue that Similarly, Green Mark awards one point
when it is noticed by building managers in the NRB 2-2 Water Usage and Leak
Detection Credits or occupants, damage to the building Detection credit when projects include
can be substantial. Only BREEAM, linking all private meters to the Building
Green Mark and BEAM Plus provide a Management System for leak detection.
credit specific to leak detection, as
described in detail below. In other BEAM Plus encourages projects to
systems (LEED and Green Star), leak reduce potential leaks during installation
detection is indirectly addressed of buried pipework within the
through the water sub-metering credit assessment requirements for Plumbing
(see Section 5.5). and Drainage credit.
BREEAM recognizes projects that For Green Star projects, a leak detection
reward projects with one point in the system is a requirement within the Wat-
Wat 03 Water Leak Detection and 2 Water Meters credit.
Prevention credit when leak detection
system is in place and one additional
credit when flow control devices are
included in each WC area/facility.
5.5 Water Monitoring water consumption within evaporative heat rejection, irrigation and
buildings encourages water wash-down systems, recycled and
Metering Credits consumption reductions, most rainwater supply and humidifiers as
sustainability frameworks address major water uses that require metering
metering requirements in specific in the Wat-2 Water Meters credit
credits where projects may achieve
points by demonstrating compliance by All LEED v4 projects must commit to
having in place meters and sub-meters sharing water usage data with USGBC
for specific water uses. for a five-year period as part of the WE
Prerequisite: Building-Level Water
Water meter on incoming supply to Metering. They are also required to have
each building and sub-meters for plants permanent water meters for total
or building areas that consume 10% or potable water use and sub-meters for
more of the building’s total water cooling tower make-up and evaporative
demand is required by BREEAM to condenser systems. One additional
achieve the Wat 02 Water Metering point can be earned in the WE Credit:
credit. For the NRB 2-2 Water Usage Water Metering credit by installing
and Leak Detection credit in Green permanent metering for at least two of
Mark there is one point for projects that the water subsystems such as irrigation,
include private meters to monitor the indoor plumbing fixtures and fittings,
major water usage such as irrigation, domestic hot water, boilers, reclaimed
cooling tower and tenants’ use. Green water and other process water.
Star considers bathrooms, showers,
BREEAM LEED v4 LEED 2009 Green Mark BEAM PLUS Green Star
Bathrooms
Kitchens
Irrigation
Rainwater Supply
Wash
2
Humidification
Boiler Feedwater
Notes 1
Prerequisite All submeters
to be moni-
2
With Process tored by BMS
Loads for leak
detection
Implement
two or more of
the above
measures,
with each
submeter
serving at
least 80% of
the total
installed for
that category
counts towards water consumption BEAM Plus allocates three points under
reduction in Indoor uses. In addition to the EU 6 credit for projects that use
indoor calculations, BREEAM and LEED rainwater and/or greywater to reduce
v4 consider the use of reclaimed water 5% or 10% of fresh water consumption
for irrigation reduction calculations.
©Arup
6.1 • Multilevel Steel Building Steel Design
water heat rejection, low flow water
fixtures, and a high performance facade
Award, Winner, Australian Steel
One Shelley St. Institute, Commercial NSW, 2010
and central atrium that promotes natural
light and mitigates solar load. The
Sydney, Australia • Excellence Award, Winner, Engineers
innovative external steel diagrid
structural system encompasses the
Australia, Commercial, National, 2010 building's sleek glass facade, eliminating
the need for perimeter columns and
Ratings Achieved • Excellence Award, Winner, Engineers maximising the flexibility of the internal
Australia, Commercial, NSW, 2010 floor space.
• 6 Star Green Star – Office Design v2
rating, • Estate Master Property Development The design has raised industr y
Award, Australian Property Institute standards in environmental sustainability
• 6 Star Green Star – Office As-Built v2 Excellence in Property Awards, and workplace functionality. The
rating Commercial, NSW, 2009 triumphant design achieved world's
best practice certification and a six-star
• NABERS 5 Star Energy (2013/2014) • H i g h l y Commended BPN Green Star rating. Two innovation points
Sustainability Awards - Large were awarded; one for being the first
• NABERS 5 Star Water (2013/2014) C o m m e rc i a l C ate g o r y, B PN building in Australia to utilise 100 per
Sustainability Awards, Environmental, cent NLA with passive chilled beams
• NABERS 4.5 Star Indoor Environment NSW, 2009 and harbour heat rejection and the
(2013/2014) second for undertaking a study with
• Excellence in Constructions Best Use Macquarie Group to better understand
Awards of Steel, Winner, Masters Builders the relationships between green
Association, Commercial, NSW, 2009 buildings, indoor environmental quality,
• Architectural Steel Design Award, occupant perception and satisfaction
Winner, Australian Steel Institute, One Shelley Street was the tenth and productivity.
Commercial, NSW, 2010 building in Australia to achieve the
Green Star 6 Star certification and "To achieve a Green Star ‘Design’ rating
• Structural Engineering Steel Design achieved it in both ‘design’ and ‘as built’ requires a commitment to innovation
Award, Winner, Australian Steel categories. Spanning 33,000 square and a holistic approach to green
Institute, Commercial, NSW, 2010 metres over 11 levels, the project has building design. By backing this up with
received much attention for its a Green Star ‘As Built’ rating, Brookfield
innovative and unique design. The has confirmed that the sustainable
Key energy- and water-conserva- award-winning property, owned and design intentions were implemented
tion features include a high-perfor- operated by Brook field Of fice during the construction process. We
Properties, is fully leased to Macquarie congratulate the project team for
mance façade, the use of a passive Group and was built by Brookfield delivering a truly world-class green
chilled beam HVAC system, har- Multiplex. building," says Chief Executive of the
Green Building Council of Australia,
bour water heat rejection and low A range of sustainable design features Romilly Madew.
flow fixtures. have been achieved including a passive
chilled beam HVAC system, harbour
BREEAM: http://www.breeam.org/
NABERS: http://nabers.gov.au/
NABERSNZ: http://www.nabersnz.govt.nz/
The following publications are also referenced within the body of this report:
Asia Green Buildings, “Green Buildings in Asia – Keeping up with the Environmental
Pace”, May 10, 2013.
(published at http://www.bca.gov.sg/GreenMark/others/gfa_appa02_29042009.
pdf)
(Published at http://www.bca.gov.sg/GreenMark/others/gfa_appa01_02072012.
pdf)
Harpa Birgisdottir, “Lessons learned from testing four different certification methods
for buildings – LEED, BREEAM, DGNB and HQE”, SBI Danish Building Research
Institute, 2009.
Richard Bowmand and John Mills, “Valuing Green - How green buildings affect
property values and getting the valuation method right”, published by the Green
Building Council Australia, 2009
Richard Reed, Sara Wilkinson, Anita Bilos and Karl-Werner Schulte, “A Comparison
of International Sustainable Building Tools – An Update”, 17th Annual Pacific Rim
Real Estate Society Conference, Gold Coast (Australia), 16-19 January 2011
UNEP: “An Overview of the State of the World’s Fresh and Marine Waters”, 2nd
Edition, 2008
EU – European Union
SF - Square foot
SS – Singapore Standard
Region-Specific Information
France was one of the first countries to In 2011, Switzerland only had one
develop its own certification system, the certified building and it was certified
Haute Qualité Environmentale (HQE, under the DGNB (RICS, 2011). By 2013,
h t t p : //a s s o h q e . o r g / h q e /s p i p . this had increased to 11, of which 9
php?rubrique9) in 1996. HQE is clearly used the LEED® certification system
dominant in France, though there has (RICS, 2013). As of the time of this
been a noticeable increase in the writing, there was no common
adoption of LEED® (up to 11 certified expectation in the market of a particular
buildings in 2013 from one in 2011 and minimum level of building certification.
BREEAM (83 in 2013, up from 15 in
2011. At the same time, the number of Spain
HQE-certified buildings in France rose
from 579 to 955. (All data from RICS Sustainable building certification in
2013 and 2011) Spain has picked up dramatically since
2011, with an increase in certified
commercial buildings from 15 (12
LEED® and 3 BREEAM) to 44 (35
LEED® and 9 BREEAM) between 2011
and 2013 (RICS 2011 & 2013).
BEAM Plus is the dominant system in In addition, China has a national building
Hong Kong and has found some energy labelling system known as the
traction in Macau and southern China China Green Building Label (CGBL),
(Guangdong Province). and commonly referred as “3-star”
which was still voluntary at the time of
Singapore’s Green Mark (http:// this writing, but as each province has an
greenmark.sg/) has been gaining agreed target for the number of certified
popularity with certified buildings in buildings to be ach. 3 star rating is
Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand as well as typically requested by tenants and is
eastern China. eligible for an incentive of 80rmb/m2
(approx. US$13/m2) of gross floor area,
BREEAM has limited adoption at upon completion of both the “Design”
present in this region. Similarly and “Operation” stages of certification.
CASBEE’s application is limited to As the 3 star rating is difficult to achieve,
projects in Japan at the time. 2 star is the most common and is
eligible for a reduced incentive of
China 45rmb/m2 (approx. $US 7/m2) of GFA.
No incentive is provided for achievement
LEED® has been tailored to the Chinese of a 1 star rating. Additional financial
context and China is one of the incentives can also be applied for from
countries with the most LEED®-certified Provincial Governments but these vary
buildings. LEED® Gold is typical for from Province to Province. Each
new construction, although some of the province has a mandated number of
very large developments only pursue a buildings to achieve the CGBL
A5.0 Africa Sustainable building rating systems BREEAM and LEED® have both found
have been adopted to a limited extent in limited traction in Africa to date and
Africa. South Africa is the notable where there have been projects seeking
exception, with 50 Green Star certified certification, this has generally been due
buildings. Interest in Green Star has to a request from a specific investor or
also been rising in East Africa (Kenya). tenant.
sustainability@arup.com