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Eighth peintng 2000, CCovyiah © 1985 by th Journal of Acan Chains Lt ne it digs esr under International and Pan-American Copright Con Ya ol hs bok may Re eproduced or vans in ans frm rene econ or shania including phetocops. resrdine ar ar on sage and real stem. wit pri ermision 9 a he ps. ngs sould We aes 0 Tams Fiennes The Sate Une. ex Baik Se ISSN 02702408 bear f Congress Cataog Number: 85-2880 Iso 0-89938 6544 (pa) Prd inthe United Stes of America Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main ene unde te fic pesence nearly Europe, (aoucnal of Affcan ciation: ol 70.2) (tine tiation Afra iflocnces—Areses. ens, sores 2. neat Burape_ History Address, css estore 1. Van Sertima ina Sei. epTTeJo8 ok 7.00.2, 940.066, 9828870 (8203) BECESI#ol ISBN OS8TS8.5644 Caner design by Saline PatenYan Seri AFRICAN PRESENCE IN EARLY EUROP! “Incorporating JOURNAL OF AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS, ‘Nowember 1985 (70.2) omens Tran Van Seria 7 The Evan fhe Cena Phe Fat ime eprnd Ce 2 inbstanembeRmiecr Se The Atan Presence i the Ancet Mediterranea Isls and “Mainand Greece Samer Brunson % lack Athi The Ata and Lv Marin Bera 66 “on A Willams 8 ‘lacks Aga: A Review rc. tard 0 Arca Popes ard Scobie 96 ‘ack Madoanas of Europe: Ditasion of he Ata i Danita Reds 10s UV RICAN PRESENCE Ik WESTERN EUROPE "he Atiean Presence ia Early Europe: "he Detnitnal Problem Than Van Serta 1 "he Moor Light of Europes Dark Aas Wayne B.Changler “4 ata Scene Academy af he Middle AB i Se ain and Siam Ze Dedication ‘he Black ja Westorn Expt Teward Seobie can Wane ia Early BODE ‘Elva Sate is books dedicated to Postar Edvard Scobie, aor f Blok ss Prion cog of i poneing and extensive work shay ser nhs gests fd “me ns pgrcan PRESENCE 1N NORTHERN EUROPE Avcan Presence nthe Bary Hist of Brera Seana ‘Don Luke 2m gue mery oe rs To: A Lester to he Ear iapand H Clsg as cient nd Modere Britons: Renew Es? Teanoke Rashi ast aemrcan PRESENCE IN BASTERN EUROPE ‘The lack in PreRevolonary Rass Nerene Hele 261 vcan Presence in Stakespeatean Dt ‘MEG Betwcen Otello aed Figured tse aficane Rod Sounsan m6 sae aed Esltin i reblsory ‘Ghaces Finch 28 “The Chevalier de Saint Cores ‘var este ns Diopraphcat Notesom Contributors Introduction: The African Star Over Europe This book is devoted to a hope of Afian story that sie known. “cals he migration of black peoples to rape aad thir ipact pon the “class that continent, nota the tats and colonial of Europe buts he fates fits inhabitant tecestors ots ft rt ss 0, an, insome pies at stil periods ts Masters and acer invaders and trae its mest enerat aon, sins an popes. Td: the European ance upon the remnants of Aca eatin wel known In fal or Int ou tis te ony chap of itor that known, This book apts Io-pen another chapter wherein an important phase ofthe encounter be (sim Aca and Europe eevee and where wea at east in parca binpasthe ash and arening of the Aca tar ove Europe ‘Chres inch open than essay on rae and elution in pehisiory: He ings together prow lines of inguy into a compretensve whole and ‘von the eel sues int sharp rele This absolutly ial reading for hi colt nts nthe iis of anand the emergence othe the nee Ie er Ton, Romever and perhaps ito technical fr sme ‘hour eadrs T hve tken the bert eer of excepting the scion hot evant o our sacerns this isve—"Evoluon of he Caucasoid”— Iw pacing tweet belongs athe Being OF out igri He ist ‘eriene indicates the presece of ho sao apes enedea man) In turapeamit about $0000 year ag, Vast shots of ce about ae thick, Int covered reat parte of Europe and in sgh warmer period when the sina eeting me ind pe of man sed ia the southwestern pat ct Tvs (Rossy is bones arta fan Aoi ape: He tae that rea {jn uc then began advance apn, The about $0.00 yeas ago For View 1.090 ye he s walking abot nexeeme col, covered in easy thal king, under overee s ‘Snsthing bein to happe otis man. His origina ck skin cannot, in ihe new Figid and enigit envionment, produce enough Vitamin D, 50 os othe proper mine fhe bones The wage reales 5.08 Liles forthe Acid inhabitants of Europe. Blak skin or eanin 1 isa dexshe advantage he wopics I screns of intense lant Io roe the body from the Bure ofthe sm, bat Vitamin D i tl Ile qrodues sc the unit 0 abundant the fe o Europe at hot pin in time, weak nd tangent suaipt the hess anima skins Feed 1 rota the amos ies hy ofthe hominid ram excsne ‘North Aan Mystery System. The ist of Greek hola ascents ho ea upom es source out driting tem, x who were fay credited ‘Sa the autorsip of these eas, ince Thales, Anaximander, Anas TRA prnagoras Xenophancs, Zeno. Heras, Anaxagoras, moc ‘ius Pate, ane AES, Pe esvccaleigens for an Aicanpreseace in Grese and Rome a rena Prank Snowden book Blick ttn. compling and Pema Aan Hin In eview of this work, underlies the mati (iusneas of Sten scholntip but he rere as many of ws do tat ta departs tis epimcm at ve nd Deans 0 reflect Metegay atari pets oh predecessors” Without wine tbe Mowatimary eden he hws voter plas he aes the pesion (Rgc nial wav she; as, ha there was atoll distinction Between Myon? and ith” Ws uoortuat. Hila conlades, tat sretteatccns not wt amare of te work of other Aicandiasporsn shake Mee prior wok sinc rlevan Yo AS oem, Neveriles, we agree MEAbRtand he lacks in hut sa groundbreaking book. apt ofthe Titans he sci rae ren tacks inaguty which Snonden does at mention ae thee back popes of Rome. Profesor obi made st St. Vitor {ins 109 A.D who wns response fortheclservancs of Eats on Suny by cre Europeans andthe Aste Christians, St ikides 3-38 AD) cree see ae pope witesed one history turning pois the conversion TSE Reman Emperor Consntne to Chistian the consequent fe (halo Christan thvoushout te Roman Empice: St, Geass 192-496 ‘Sb tom n Rome bat of finn pares, who inrocel the Feast of the Paitin (Canilemas) composed many hymns, preies and collects ani caca anda bok for the Mast, Profesor Scobie not ony introduces Arik actiewements but sows or wat they looked Uke onal ad Tha tney neve mae Wo lok i im the later cena hi ss were “Mtn alee o wget from the consousnes ofthe wor the mem Shy of he onnal Nan ancestry. The most srikng ofthese sual com ean ay be sen inthe eae of Miia. Sth cetay esc of his Man pope stands out tn shrp coaas with Ltr representations. The ‘pte os are very irsing since the fc oman Church ust tice hnown of the deceon and Se. By the grievow sn of omision or Colson, edt coret it ? Hack women also lek ther mark yon the reliius traditions of Europe Danita Redd in he sated ey sons how the Eytan poses ts nada th ratype for he lack madonna o Foe, wah an Aen ‘Siti hove wos eval diflsed 10 mis othe ancient Wester rl The stones endear nue van Ye ee the Byantie at ndbonu The maps of some ey EMO Yee SY. Ar Isto tar Coan malo eo soadoons Redd penetrate aod hid Jesus n nase Ears sa he ck madonna fe Ondo hunk aos, OF Inbar cnn stones Ba = iene at rah “Barer an "Libyan hich mesh see ‘one nd ith ne ea rly oop dene ites Nison springs at times fo [itn ses at snes fom an inocece af the muope mags Sed arc the Aficn any major roe inthe words reat he ote othe Aca in Mo Waniicance n'a work of ti hunter event hin nd nib oti sts en ange natin ke Sain and France and een ae ao Ini” Bt Who atthe Moo ihink Chander ans ge ln tact aco ea wih scone uso dae set ina mater of be geste mporta a a Ws Moors lid toe bai itor i ts ofthe European rent nies Ee Wine Das Ago T shal simmarte he sument onde ess The won “Moor hast. Wve They cate he ac nt 46 BC. nen he Romans nade Wes wv nie dark o Hck. The wor nated eae vero Shakey Moor spy ranchers is {hn to pin ut tha he mil Ms who once Eis Wins. the ope Stone he , {htm A amano hare mor anton aoe AE It Arb andl inthe Me and tore wisp oly the Ber. an errors wee elle! Mow: 8 a Pc a a one At he heart ofthe itary of the cent Moose the Garamantes of the ‘sche The Garamantes were bskenho oecuped much of nore A ‘Thoyean te considered the anstors oe tae Noor Conemporary with the Coramanu were the Libyans, Originally elas Chandler 06 The aie {tory of beth Chuth-Anta Diop and Gerald Mass, tee Libans (whom ene tacked an dete inte fist dass) were eassans. They Were ‘Sica by ther back conquerors tama” In Egyptian 1a eae people Ska his wnt or light ory, Ths they were te white or Hhtskioned AAS Por e ate between Menes and these people sem to nde ET te at the ot of i ad hat lace Vey were a ent tac from that ofthe deren Egyptian. hese lib kine people ine ‘Rardin ibe many blacks on al ses of them and Became the “any or twiie Moors" ao wae Berber fom the Roman Pari ‘anian The Arab adopted is Roman term fo them and changed i 10 Burr Event the ow! Lityan and ever beams synonymous nme pcs “Tae Sahara came to be oocepid by two distinct groups orginal Mowrs (Garumants) andthe Berbers, who later became the “taend” oF ing" Mays The est of North Are, fom Ep through the Fez ad {Me wow ofthe Sahara 9 whit fe now called Mroceo and Ageia. were role ty black Africas lo called Moors by the Romans and the ater Flrepeas Eventual these Mors woud join wth Arabs to Desomea united fr powers ce. "Be wow the Ara? Arabia was ft populated by blak people 8 ‘phat Duniee Hoston ss (eth eoepacion volume to thi). Arabia ‘etncldestEhiopin slony But tee was an ingafting of Seti Bod {ponte ldee Che oot De Bo sys "The Arabians were 00 Ber ote cs Trem te drew an salute color ne. The erm Arab is ppc! 1 ‘Mion otpeole pofesing far Mach ace mixing has occured 30 hat The the term has sul ele fie tie since and mise Jeans" "The Moors can be credits wih many achievements inthe ats an si ncer Im mae the slvng of quadat equation and the dvelop- RSG of new concepts of trigonometry, deans were also made ‘Dianomy malice. architecture and chemist. Moors chemi. et ‘Envir co sunponder and the Moors lo lneduca he frst stoong ‘ices, These mee ies, knoe a Hest. The Moors excl in FRisoyand in orca they ftraused many aew vegas othe iv Fees on. Theat oftheir ontrbuion to aropean see tind {omy an so string ha ta wonder hat they are most sever men ‘Sane nan digusson ofthe Depa of the instal reson. These scompishmene wer spread house fou pet Spt of {he Moors empires many ofthe mt spines Ware area fy buck cam We fd at te evn of Moorish hi an Bila Za who sete pce foro as ance ees "he rae who inate Yes iner(660 D) woe mary eicicee Acne “Caio Sn Iibtning tha tumpbed oer the pecudcesenguling ey 8 Rt inating cy Seni deals wih eMac woman in Si eos She gsi exe posto nthe Earopeen maton yam one hind he ex ees and courtesan, The Kn ind oe - a lint iuidelaire and Shakespeare, srab ohectea Sore greatest of poets rush to ber bed. ie Inge an fal ical desaheayhrhoiay Soni he uke of Place he Mates ihe Caen se sce he Gong the Dut of fet nie son of Las Xie sts eat Ba condition Ailes Sei itons—he Grek andes oF chats ATED be reat, Fo odes of wisdom s Minera an Aces princes he back: shew lack madonna of ove io Ui, Narain Son Coestochova i Poland noche te AS rsnce n norber Europe, Don Lake arte or fan in ats and ate preistoi times He sro aes om te Twa TERY pe) wo eeu ESTO Bae rand of years Some hsm the Bri ex point ok fo es oo aan of hee es were “oat only noel, bu aso that eo logical alle wih people who sBoke 2 nomAAD say ofthe Cas by Se soe cen fre eT os a takin, arkeye od dh an oly nt neopla snr atongel co a cla called arc ad that the cme tials or Ai. i a ibe Btn inte Second century AD. deste te cone te opanClaian, describing the very of he Reman oe on ete Enh ders ther ae nimble BAC genera. Theo Luke pins out, hs saicant ack presen a Soul tons hs prod were ac See NE OF ia oy eroeroe popin Bost one eon rae ah consents fo be ted. Luke abo reset to ei ne pe foc peace noeAvan ois of some Of cata ier ian ye ogous the woshipf he AD th Ca a be Geant, scat wer a9 EXOD, woes I An sy Ser a Theos I 30 ars of iy be nk eo mation o backs into nrters Ears ne Erne: Anti mf Engnd ange he emer born Remand As Roman econ sees boa int Eaglnd fom Rome ad fm Sect ma ec, tene congas san sles round 200 D ome in Net chp of th research das wth he PE AFA Fan mieoendsin orthera Erope fark ares, with eh she Ta Tees as well a tack pio ag tale ope fom AS he ape tng Gord, orl ok Tria during tN We a of fod En Thi woul oecatuy Seflore Moor fe A nen Senda aks alo Baya important rl i ay vated Soin Servpaner a Viking who was the mentor and clos tor, how fete Reds dscbt “aan Hk = iat Thee Sean a Nomen ke Thorseste lack TRe bas he mere th er anges ound in ean athe, Twa om noo ta ccapving Greenland when earned wih is inadin Ei the Re fg ome the raion Derwent wy and Me Nomen he Sanoaron comes. aya Cee coines he sett nt ne ste ue rn ‘nt nea at af a Reese oa me ‘contact with these pygmy blacks (called Skraelings) bet onthe [Ot 08 ‘kay A Cerna ven "Wee ed Sasi aig roane of eset ac case eas ee neat ‘would certainly have pursued the: li Rin ge pee terete screens ee Slvr ha and comptng weno cna "ate nofbuun br agai ce ae fe introduces us to black settlers in pre-tev« ~ ine sts fn fH med arene tnt ana o sat to neat sen he ae eb ‘evstonce, in unbeoken chronological sequence. ofall the stag rare SStmon etc set oh tele ee (iesatey cn se ums te med Se ny aes ean as "Teli a cy dof An Ga stun ce sc ee bok trash ation completely on its Aca ashe ark conten. Thi Hone om ead. Wesee Aen in at ent stood 85 4a or Euro. Soa Yan Seria ‘THE EVOLUTION OF THE CAUCASOID Charts Stich Having eased that humanity appeared om cath inthe evolution: !y scheme a Altea and black, we Rave fon someway. sage with he

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