Shipment and storage

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3 Shipment and storage

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 Note
The representations in the follwing illustrations can differ, in total or in part, from
the delivered version. This applies particularly to the current track guiding, the
location and execution of the bushings and the ancillary equipment.

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3.1 Packaging
This section contains a description of

- use of packaging
- packaging design and manufacture.

Basic information:

Markings [ 3.2]
Receipt and handling of shipments [ 3.3]
Handling of sealed packages [ 3.4]

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3.1.1 Range of application

The packing is intended to protect the goods both in transit and when loading and unloading, as well as
during storage periods, to prevent any form of deterioration. The packing must protect the goods against
admissible strains of transportation, such as vibration, jolts, moisture (seawater, rain, snow, condensate). If
necessary, the packing must also keep the goods from inadmissibly changing their original position inside.

To permit the goods to be shipped safely, economically and in accordance with regulations, they must be
prepared ready for shipment prior to actual packing.

Taking into account the various influences on the goods (climate conditions, duration of transport and
storage, method of transport), several different types of packaging are used. The type of packaging is noted
on the packing slip and subsequently described.

Drawings on the packaging give information on the nature and arrangement of transport devices

Order documentation

Basic packing
Suitable for shipment by road within Europe including ferries.

Not suitable for outdoor storage.

Description
- module assemblies ready for transport on transport rack or wooden boles.
- Protection by tarpaulin of truck.

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Sealed packaging A 12
Suitable for all types of shipment and all climatic conditions, for a total shipping and storage period of up to
12 months.

Suitable for outdoor storage.

Ambient temperature + 55 °C to– 40 °C.
Stacking capacity 1000 kg/sq. m. top area
Description
- Group of modules in basic packing (wooden case, weather-proof).
- Goods enclosed airtight in plastic foil, with desiccant added.

Designation on packages

Sealed packaging A 24
All types of shipment and all climatic conditions, for a total shipping and storage period of up to 24 months.

Suitable for outdoor storage.

Ambient temperature + 55 °C to– 50 °C.
Stacking capacity 1000 kg/sq. m. top area
Description
- Group of modules in basic packing (wooden case, weather-proof).
- Goods vacuum-sealed in an aluminum-plastic foil with added desiccant.

Designation on packages

Time-limited storage of shipments [ 3.3.4.1]

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3.1.2 Design and manufacture

The basic packing guarantees that modules and assemblies remain secure during transport and will not be
disturbed by surfaces of the transport vehicle or storage area. To this extent, wood and/or steel racks are
used.

The accessory items are delivered on wooden pallets, in open crates or sturdy corrugated-cardboard boxes.
The sealed packaging surrounds the contents on all sides with a barrier layer. The quantity of drying agent
contained in this barrier layer limits the relative humidity to a level of < 60%, a level which can cause no
damage to the contents of the packaging for the duration of their storage life.
First, the module (or the group of modules) is brought in the basic-packing state, so that the goods rest firmly
on the bottom of the crate. This is done by attaching U or L sections of sheet steel at the bottom of the
goods.

The crates consist of a solid wooden floor and also of boarding (with timbering) made likewise of solid wood
or plywood.
Air-blister foil or PE foam plastic widths is used to cushion all sharp corners and edges of the goods, making
sure that they do not damage the foil forming the barrier. The desiccant is in bags and is put in place before
the foil is sealed airtight. The amount of desiccant depends (simplified) on the crate surface area, the type of
barrier (vapour permeability), the climatic conditions and active life in months.

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1 PE foil
2 Air evacuator (partially)
3 Manual welder

Fig. 3-1 Welding the PE sheeting

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The side walls and a lid bracer made of squared timbers are attached to the crate floor of the sealed-packed
module and the crate closed off with its lid.
The air inside the barrier has been evacuated; this is indicated by the clinging effect of the PE foil.

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3.2 Markings
This section

- shows and explains the symbols used to mark individual packages

- describes the identification of shipping assemblies.

Basic information:

Packaging [ 3.1]
Receipt and handling of shipments [ 3.3]

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3.2.1 Symbols on packages

The packing crates bear symbols which give instructions for safe transport and proper storage.
For the dispatch of non-hazardous goods, the symbols to DIN EN ISO 780 apply, and must be strictly
observed.

 Note
In addition to the following symbols, further notices may appear as text or
illustrations.

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1 This way up
2 Fragile
3 Keep dry
4 Keep away from heat
5 Centre of gravity
6 Slinglift point
7 Sealed packing
8 Do not stack
9 Stacking limit by mass
10 Use no forks on this side

Fig. 3-2 The symbols to DIN EN ISO 780; Marking for shipping of packages

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1 Written details – by customer

2 Symbols
3 Symbols for sealed packing
4 Instructions for handling (centre of gravity)

Fig. 3-3 Crate with boards attached, showing symbols and written instructions (example)

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3.2.2 Identification of the shipping assemblies

In order to clearly organise the location of assembly for the switch gear, shipping assemblies are specifically
labelled. These labels have been placed on the protective covers on the joints of the assembly.

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1 Works no.:
2 Bay designation
3 Position and bay designation (see HAS drawings and delivery note)
4 Dimensions and weight
5 Batch no.
6 Contents of accessory pack
7 Serial no.
8 Password
9 Switchgear type

Fig. 3-4 Label on packing accessory (example)

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3.3 Receipt and handling of shipments

This section describes

- Basic requirements of transport

- Receiving and external control of goods
- Unpacking the goods and checking for damage incurred during transport
- Storage of goods
- Procedures in case of damage and loss due to fire, natural disasters, theft or accident.

Basic information:

Safety Instructions [ 0.2]

Dimensions and weights of switchgear modules [ 1.5]
Packaging [ 3.1]
Markings [ 3.2]

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3.3.1 Shipment

Warning
Risk to life from tipping or falling loads! – MORTAL DANGER!

• Do not stand under suspended load.

• Do not exceed the carrying capacity of transport equipment and hoisting gear.

• Bays on transport frames are strictly not to be stacked. This also applies to the use of
folding box.

• Do not exced the load-bearing capacity of the case(s).

• Remove transport plates of the basic packaging and transport frame at the location of
assembly only after the load has been firmly secured against tipping over.

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3.3.1.1 Transport to the site

The goods must be transported from the manufacturer to the site by experienced forwarding agents only
(shipping companies, carriers, railway freight companies). Erection personnel of Siemens AG may act only in
an advisory and supervisory capacity. Transportation remains exclusively the responsibility of the forwarding
agents.
In addition to vibration and shock stresses during transport there may be impacts as a result of dropping,
tipping, falling or collision. So as to avoid damage, the following values must not be exceeded (extract from
DIN EN IOS 4180):

Vertical impact
Method of transport: road / air / water
permissible stress: Amplitude 200 up to 300 m / s2 (= 20 up to 30 g),
determined from individual modular assemblies excluding packing
crates.
Free fall
transport on road: height of fall max. 100 mm
transport by air: height of fall max. 100 mm
transport by ship: height of fall max. 300 mm

Vibrations (natural frequency)

transport on road: < 9 Hz, max. 7.5 mm amplitude
air + water: > 200 Hz, max. 40 m / s2 (= 4 g)

Horizontal velocity of impact

transport on road: < 2.7 m/s
air + water: not applicable

The cases are marked with instructions for safe handling and proper storage.

If a case falls from a certain height (e.g. is dropped as a result of a snapped lifting rope), damage is to be
expected independently of the case weight. This applies in particular if the drop heights given are exceeded.

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3.3.1.2 On-site transport

On-site transport means the moving of packed or unpacked goods before or during erection. Devices used
for moving include:

- Trucks or other vehicles

- Fork-lift trucks
- Mobile and/or stationary cranes
- Transport roller systems, specially for complete switchgear bays
- Hydraulic jacks
- Winches (rope winches, rack-and-pinion jacks)
- Rollers
- Crowbars with and without rollers
- Various ropes

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 Note
Ensure that all tools are capable of bearing the load.

Warning
When loading and unloading heavy goods, especially if using winches,
jacks and crowbars, etc., there is a risk of load tipping – DANGER TO LIFE!

• Prop up top-heavy or side-heavy loads and secure them by ropes during handling.

• Stabilise the transport vehicle with support frames or jacks during loading and unloading,
in order to avoid tipping or springing of the loading platform. The brakes must always be
applied.

• Heavy parts should be secured so that they cannot shift when handled.

• With steel ropes, use wooden blocks to prevent them from rubbing against the cases or
cutting into them.

• Use labelled slinglift points.

 Note
The load must always be suspended from all slinglift points / crane hook eyes

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3.3.2 Receipt of goods

Before being officially received (signing of receipt), all goods delivered must be checked by the recipient for

• Completeness with regard to the dispatch note

• External damage of all kinds

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3.3.2.1 Make sure the delivery is complete

Use the packing slip to check completeness of delivery.
The dispatch note includes the following information:

- Customer order item

- Manufacturer order item
- Contents in German and in an appropriate foreign language
- Case no.
- Gross weight
- Net weight
- Dimensions

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Shipment and storage
1 Packing slip no.
2 Designation of case contents
3 Order item
4 Type of packaging

Fig. 3-5 Excerpt from a delivery note (different designs possible)

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3.3.2.2 Check the goods against external damage

Carry out the checks after unloading when each case is accessible from all sides. Carry out the check at that
place where the goods are transferred from the forwarding agents to the recipient named in the dispatch
papers, e.g. on site, at the port or at the railway station.

If on receipt of goods damage resulting from transport is externally visible, the recipient must attend to the
following:

• Enter the damage discovered immediately in the freight papers and have them
countersigned by the deliverer.

• If damage is serious or involves total loss and high damage costs, the manufacturer must
be informed immediately.

• Do not tamper with the damage after it has been discovered and keep packing material
until a decision has been made concerning inspection by the forwarding agents or by the
transport insurance company.

• Call for the carrier concerned (forwarding agents, railway, post office) in order to make a
statement of facts (or list of damage) on the spot. This is essential for a damages claim.

• Consult the average adjuster immediately in accordance with the stipulations of the
transport insurance companies.

• If possible, photograph damage caused to the packing and the contents. This also
applies to any evidence of corrosion to the packed goods as a result of moisture entering
(rain, snow, seawater, condensation).

• Open the damaged case(s) sufficiently to ascertain the total extent of the damage.

• Name the damaged parts according to the operating instructions; if necessary refer to
illustrations in the instructions showing the parts concerned. This makes identification of
the parts easier for the manufacturer.

• Ensure that the manufacturer receives the statement of facts (or a list of damage) as
quickly as possible. Contact the on-site Siemens representative or the appropriate
Siemens office.

Should hidden damage to the goods occur, i.e. damage which is only discovered after receipt during
unpacking, proceed as follows:

• Hold the party concerned for causing the damage liable as quickly as possible by
telephone and in writing and apply for a statement of facts or a list of damage.

• Observe the deadlines prevailing in the various countries for this; establish these as soon
as possible.

It is unavoidable that some damage is not discovered until considerably later on site, i.e. after receipt and
after very short deadlines have been passed. There is hardly any recourse against the carrier (or whoever
was responsible for causing the damage) as far as this hidden damage is concerned.

Damage discovered under such circumstances has prospects of successfully being covered by insurance
only if storage insurance (extension of transport cover) or an erection insurance policy exists.
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3.3.2.3 Checking sealed packing

Sealed packing can be identified from the outside by appropriate markings.

Markings [ 3.2]
Handling of sealed packages [ 3.4]

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3.3.3 Unpack goods and check for damage incurred during transport
Do not yet remove the transport cover, which closes the openings during the time of transport and storage.
Also leave in place any parts guarding porcelain pieces (e.g. outdoor bushings, insulators, etc.).

• Wherever possible, the packages must be transported to the location where erection is to
take place.

In exceptional cases, the crate can be unpacked in a special room or, given appropriate weather, unpakked
outside and then brought to the point of assembly.

• When unpacking the goods, check their condition; check that all accessories are
complete with the aid of delivery notes and lists of accessories.

Do not unpack related small components which are packaged together in marked bags!

• Store the goods carefully in accordance with the directives in the following section. Store
spare parts separately.

Specially preserve small components if the storage room is unable to maintain required storage conditions or
if the storage time is expected to be particularly long.

Do not remove labels or other markings.

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3.3.4 Storage of goods

Attention
Avoid damage to modular assemblies during storage – Damage can affect
subsequent operation.

• Pay attention to the carrying capacity of the floor.

• Do not place heavy goods on top of one other. Do not overload any goods by excessive
stacking

• The cases should be arranged so that the case number is clearly visible. Related parts
should be stored in line with the sequence in which they are to be erected.

• Store machines with rolling-contact bearings (or assemblies containing machines) on

vibration-free floors (the bearings may otherwise be damaged).

Distinguish between
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- the time limit on goods for the preparation of switchgear assembly or with spare parts for their final
storage, as well as

- the unlimited storage time of spare parts.

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3.3.4.1 Time-limited storage of shipments

Limited storage period for packaged goods in sealed packaging
Goods packed in intact sealed packaging can be stored in the open if the following conditions are met.

Attention
Highly flammable materials – fire hazard.

• Smoking is forbidden!

• Observe fire prevention regulations.

• Fire engines must have unhindered access in the event of fire.

• Ensure that extinguishers are available adequately protected from adverse weather
conditions.

When choosing and preparing storage areas, the following requirements should be met:

- Protect stored goods against moisture (flooding, run-off from melting snow and ice), dirt, destructive
creatures such as rats, mice and termites, and unauthorised access.
- Place crates on boles or squared timber to protect them against ground moisture and for better
ventilation.
- Determine the loading capacity of the area.
- Arrange the storage area based on packing slip information, symbols and details on the packages.
- Prepare a plan showing clearly where the cases are stored.
- Store cases according to the assembly sequence so that they can subsequently be removed in the
correct order. Markings should be clearly visible.
- Keep access routes free.
- Stored goods should be inspected at regular intervals. After storms, heavy rain or snow, appropriate
additional measures should be taken.

If erection of the installation does not take place until after the intended life of the package seals, appropriate
steps must be taken in good time. This may include:

- Proper reconditioning of the sealed packaging.

- Unpacking of goods and storage in an appropriate storage room.

Where required, qualified personnel can be consulted through the appropriate Siemens office.

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Time-limited storage in sealed packaging that is exclusively designed for transport.
Storage must take place:

- in closed rooms
- outdoors after applying a folding box.

Limited storage period for packaged goods in basic packaging.

Store in closed rooms:

- unpacked parts
- parts which are for transport largely unpacked (only on wooden skids in open wooden frames)
- parts in normal cases, i.e. non-seaworthy crates (indicated on the dispatch note by “I”, “Z” or “N”).

The storerooms must be dry, well ventilated and as far as possible free of dust. Relative humidity must be
kept below approx. 50%. Heat storerooms, if necessary, and maintain the temperature of the storerooms 10
°C above the outside air temperature, to prevent the formation of condensation. If closed storerooms are
heated, ensure adequate ventilation.

The size of the rooms must allow the goods to be stored so that they stand firm in an orderly arrangement.

Switchgear intended for use in the open can only be considered to be adequately protected against the
elements when the shipping unit has been completely assembled and additional measures have been taken
to prevent corrosion.

 Note
Shipping units in the basic packaging may only be stored in the open if it is certain
that they are adequately protected from the elements, particularly from moisture.

The protection can be considered sufficient if

- the requirements outlined in this section with regard to the selection of and conditions in a site for the
storage of seaworthy crates are met,

- the case of tents and tarpaulins, it is ensured that they are secured properly and that water cannot
accumulate (such canopies must cover the goods far enough to prevent the penetration of rain driven
from the side, snow etc.),

- there is adequate ventilation underneath the weather protection (covers must not lie directly against the
cases. Use a frame of slats or boards to ensure that there is an air gap of approx. 30 cm.)

- the supply voltage to the anti-condensation heating is connected and the heating is in operation if the
unpacked assembly is to be stored in the open for more than 2 weeks.

Checking the control functions [ 7.11]

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3.3.4.2 Storing of spare parts

The storage room should be well-ventilated, as dustfree as possible and dry. It should have a constant
temperature of between +15 °C and +25 °C. The relative humidity should be maintained at less than approx.
50%. Should relative humidity exceed 70%, the anti-condensation heaters provided in various plant
components (e.g. in the control cubicle) must be switched on.

Storage rooms should be large enough to permit a stable and clear arrangement of the stored parts. Access
to and transport of the individual assemblies and parts must be assured at all times without the risk of
damage to these parts.

Wherever possible, spare parts should be stored on shelves according to size and weight. Measures should
be taken to prevent adjacent parts from moving or rolling when a spare part is removed from the shelf.
Whenever storage rooms are set up it is advisable to draft a list of stored parts. Identification tags provided
on each assembly, subassembly and part will facilitate the keeping of such a list and accelerate spare part
retrieval.

After 5 years, it is necessary to visually inspect the spare parts and to check the storage area to see that it
continues to fulfil the necessary requirements.

The following details apply to the various spare parts:

Plant components and assemblies

Attention
The risk of contamination of plant components and assemblies during storage is
a risk to safe operation.

• Do not open the assembly. Leave the protective cover and transport fixtures on the
assembly.

The plant components and assemblies are to be stored in as-delivered condition, i. e. complete with
protective cover and transport fixtures.

It is advisable to cover these parts with polyethylene (PE) sheeting in such a manner that an air change can
occur under this covering. This is assured if the PE sheet ends approx. 0,.5 m above the floor.

Subassemblies
The subassemblies should be stored on shelves wherever possible. It is advisable to cover them with PE
sheeting.

Insulated parts
Each insulating component must be packed in airtight sheeting together with a filter bag (250 g), which is
also placed in the switchgear gas compartment. To ensure an airtight seal, it is advisable to weld the
sheeting.

Built-on and built-in parts

Built-on and built-in parts must be left in their original packing (cartons, blister wrappers).
Spare parts made of aluminium and steel have to be coated with Trost Multifunction Oil for corrosion
protection. This coating has to be renewed whenever necessary.

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Standard parts
Standard parts must be left in their packing. Surface treatment (hot-dip galvanizing, galvanizing) or their
material ensures adequate corrosion protection.

Sealing elements

Attention
The risk of damage to sealing elements during storage is a risk to safe operation.

• Do not store or place any objects on sealing elements because these elements can be
easily damaged.

• Sealing elements must be left in their original packing and lie flat during storage.

The original packing protects the scaling elements against UV radiation. Whenever parts are removed, this
packing must be rescaled air-tight and light-proof.
If stored properly, sealing elements can be kept on stock for 10 years.

Filter material
The filter material is to be stored in the sealed containers. This filter material must be installed immediately
after the container is opened.

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3.3.5 Action to be taken in the event of damage or loss

In the event of loss of or damage to any parts in storage, whether still packaged or unpacked, as a result of
fire, natural disasters, theft or accidents, the police must be informed and the reference number under which
the case is being handled obtained.

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3.4 Handling of sealed packages

Packages that may be damaged due to the effects of extreme air humidity during transport and/or storage
are dispatched in sealed packages. The packing is produced and checked at the works before the crate is
sealed.

This section describes

- the basic structure of sealed packing

- recognizing sealed packing
- unpacking sealed packing
- repairs of the sealed packing.

Basic information:

Packaging [ 3.1]
Markings [ 3.2]
Receipt and handling of shipments [ 3.3]

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3.4.1 Basic information of sealed packing

The purpose of the sealed packing is to provide an all-round protective layer for the goods. The quantity of
desiccant placed within this protective layer restricts the relative humidity to a level which is not harmful for
the goods. The protective layer can also be rigid, e.g. in the form of an airtight metal container.
For a flexible protective layer, an anti-corrosion film is used, which is then sealed airtight after the desiccant
has been placed inside.
The quantity of drying agent used depends on the storage life guaranteed and limits the final humidity within
the barrier layer to < 60%.

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3.4.2 Recognizing sealed packing

Appropriate remarks in the delivery note and on the packing cate refer to the sealed packing.

On the outside of the crate is a board with symbols for saled packing and the following basic notes:

Sealed packing

DO NOT OPEN
until ready for use or inspection

After inspection reseal packing.

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3.4.3 Unpacking

 Note
The sealed packing must not be opened during transport, nor to check the goods
after receipt of the shipment!

Goods in sealed packing may be unpacked only if either

- they are needed immediately for erection work or

- suitable storage facilities are available.

In all other cases, the goods must remain in the sealed packing.

The customs authorities and forwarding agents must therefore be informed in good time of the forthcoming
arrival of such consignments and arrangements made with the customs officials to have the goods inspected
at site, where they have to be unpacked in any event.

Only if such arrangements have not been made, at least one wall of the crate may be removed and the foil
cut open in order to inspect the goods. The foil must then be resealed; see the note on the board next to the
symbol for sealed packing.

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3.4.4 Repair of sealed packing

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3.4.4.1 Opening of the sealed packing

• Remove one longitudinal crate wall or the folding box and open foil with a straight cut low
down and parallel to the ground so that all desiccant bags can be removed.

• Inspect the goods as far as possible. If there are any signs of damp, corrosion etc. some
or all of the goods must be unpacked to as certain the overall condition.

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3.4.4.2 Renewing the desiccant

If the goods are in good condition, renew the desiccant. The following methods are possible:

• Remove the same number of identical desiccant bags from their airtight packing and
arrange them in the same places.

• Recondition desiccant removed from sealed packing as described below and put it back
in position.

• Vary the quantity of desiccant to suit the remaining storage time, if this is known.

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3.4.4.3 Reconditioning the desiccant

Open the bags with a straight cut and pour used desiccant onto a rectangular unused baking tray (uniform
layer, approximately 4 cm thick) and dry in an oven at a temperature of + 120 °C for approximately 10 hours.
Open the oven door every 2 hours and stir up the desiccant layer.

 Note
Do not heat the desiccant to above +130 °C.

After reconditioning pour the desiccant into one or more clean cans which should be filled to the maximum
possible level. Seal the cans and allow them to cool.

Put the cooled desiccant into the bags and seal these with adhesive tape. Cooled desiccant which is not
immediately required can be stored in sealed plastic foil bags (PE foil, at least 0.1 mm thick).

Taking account of the remaining storage time

The following formula is an adequate guide:

B=Fxtxk

Whereby:
B= Number of units of desiccant
F= Crate surface in square meters
t= Storage time in months
k= Desiccant units per 1 sq. m. and 1 month
32 units = 1 kg

Values for k:
(depends on type of packing, climatic conditions and storage time)

Plastic foil
Climatic condition Temperature Relative humidity Storage time Desiccant unit
moderate +23 °C 83% < 12 months k=1
severe +40 °C 92% < 12 months k=3
severe +40 °C 82% 12 months k=5

Aluminium-plastic foil
Climatic condition Temperature Relative humidity Storage time Desiccant unit
moderate +23 °C 83% < 12 months k = 0.25
severe +40 °C 92% < 12 months k = 0.75
severe +40 °C 82% > 12 months k = 1.25

Example:
Sealed packing with plastic foil, climatic conditions severe, storage time 6 months:
k=3

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Crate dimensions:
Length: 4m
Width: 1.8 m
Height: 2m
How many kg desiccant are required?

Surface:
F = 2 x (4 x 1.8 + 4 x 2 + 1.8 x 2) = 37.6 sqm

Desiccant:
B = 37.6 x 6 x 3 = 676.8 Units = 21.15 (22) kg
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3.4.4.4 Resealing the foil

• After putting in the bags of desiccant immediately reweld the foil where it was cut. Leave
a slit of 5 to 7 cm length open (low down).

The welding seams should overlap. If welding equipment is not available, close the cuts with aluminium lined
adhesive tape (at least 0.1 mm and 30 mm wide).

• Insert the tube of a vacuum cleaner through the remaining slit and suck out some of the
air from the sealed packing until the sheeting can be seen to be drawn inwards. Then
extract the vacuum cleaner tube and immediately seal the slit in the sheeting.

• If possible do not close the crate for a few hours, so as to be able to see that the foil is
still in a contracted state (checking for correct sealing).

If the foil is not sealed, check the fresh sealing strip, particularly places where the foil is welded close to the
crate floor.

• After successfully checking for leaks, restore the mechanical protection by applying the
crate side wall or by using the folding box.

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