Philippine Electrical Code

PEC Part I – Consist of rules which regulates electrical installation or design done inside the building
PEC Part II – Consist of rules which regulates electrical installation or design done 1outside the
building

Categories of the rules

1. Mandatory rules
2. Advisory Rules

Coverage of PEC

1. Public and Private building

2. Generating and industrial Plant
3. Electric Substations
4. Airfields
5. Switchyards
6. Recreational establishment
7. Quarries and mines
8. Offshore establishment
9. Mobile homes
10. Communication system
11. etc

Not Cover by PEC

1. Aircrafts
2. Motor Vehicle

Application of PEC to Electrical design:

Branch Circuit loading

The floor area for each floor shall be computed from the outside dimensions of the building, apartment,
or other area involved. For dwelling unit(s), the computed floor area shall not include open porches,
garages, or unused or unfinished spaces not adaptable for future use.

Note: the unit values herein are based on minimum load conditions and 100 percent power

factor, and may not provide sufficient capacity for the installation contemplated.

All Occupancies. In all occupancies the minimum load for each outlet for general-use receptacles and
outlets not used for general illumination shall be not less than the following, the loads shown being
based on nominal branch-circuit voltages.

a. Outlet for specific appliance or other load except for a motor load…………Ampere rating of
appliance or load served.

b. Outlet for motor load……

c. An outlet supplying recessed lighting fixture(s) shall be the maximum volt-ampere rating of
the equipment and lamps for which the fixture(s) is rated.
 d. Outlet for heavy-duty lamp holder………………600 volt-amperes.

e. *Other outlets……………………………180 volt-amperes per outlet

For receptacle outlets, each single or each multiple receptacle on one strap shall be
considered at not less than 180 volt-amperes.

Table 3.3.1.2(b) General Lighting Loads by Occupancies

Type of Occupancy Unit Load per

Sq. M. (Volt-Ampere)

Armories Auditoriums 8
Banks 28**
Barber Shop and Beauty Parlors 24
Churches 8
Clubs 16
Court Rooms 16
*Dwelling Units 24
Garages – Commercial (storage) 4
Hospitals 16
*Hotels and Motels, including apartment houses
Without provisions for coking by tenants 16
Industrial Commercial (Loft) Building 16
Lodge Rooms 12
Office Buildings 28**
Restaurants 16
Schools 24
Stores 24
Warehouses (storage) 2
In any of the above occupancies except one-
Family dwelling and individual dwelling units of
Two-family and of multifamily dwellings:
Assembly Halls and Auditoriums 8
Halls, Corridors, Closets, Stairways 4
Storage Spaces 2

*All receptacle outlets of 20-ampere or less rating in one-family, two-family and multifamily
dwellings and in guest rooms of hotels and motels [except those connected to the receptacle circuits
specified in Section 3.3.1.3(b)] shall be considered as outlets for general illumination, and no additional
load calculations shall be required for such outlets.

**In addition a unit load of 8 volt-amperes per square meter shall be included for general
purpose receptacles outlets when the actual number of general purpose receptacle outlets is unknown.

Branch Circuits Required. Branch circuits for lighting and for appliances, including motor-operated,
shall be provided to supply the loads computed in accordance with Section 3.3.1.2. In addition, branch
circuits shall be provided for specific loads not covered by Section 3.3.1.2 where required elsewhere in
this Code; for small appliance loads as specified in (b) below; and for laundry loads as specified in (c)
below.

a. Number of Branch Circuits. The minimum number of branch circuits shall be determined
from the total computed load and the size or rating of the circuits used. In all installations the number
of circuits shall be sufficient to supply the load served. In no case shall the load on any circuit exceed
the maximum specified by Section 3.1.2.4.

b. Small Appliance Branch Circuits – Dwelling Unit.

(1) In addition to the number of branch circuits determined in accordance with (a) above,
one or more 20-ampere small appliance branch circuits shall be provided for all receptacle outlets
specified by section 3.1.3.2 for the small appliance load.

c. Laundry Branch Circuits – Dwelling Unit. In addition to the number of branch circuits
determined in accordance with (a) and (b) above, at least one additional 20-ampere branch circuit shall
be provided to supply the laundry receptacle outlet(s) required by Section 3.1.3.2(f). This circuit shall
have no other than outlets.

d. Load Evenly Proportional among Branch Circuits. Where the load is computed on a volt-
amperes-per-square-meter basis, the wiring system up to and including the branch-circuit panel
board(s) shall be provided to serve not less than the calculated load. This load shall be evenly
proportioned among multioutlet branch circuits within the panel board(s). Branch-circuits over current
devices and circuits needs only be installed to serve the connected load.

e. Single Branch Circuit. For dwelling unit having a floor area not more than 50 square metres
it shall be permitted t have single 20-ampere 2-wire branch circuit provided that the total load shall not
exceed 3 680 volt-amperes.

Feeders

Ampacity and Computed Loads. Feeder conductors shall have sufficient ampacity to supply the load
served

(a) Continuous and Non continuous Loads. Where a feeder supplies continuous loads or any
combination of continuous and non continuous load, the rating of the over current device shall not be
less than the non continuous load plus 125 percent of the continuous load.

Exception: Where the assembly including the over current devices protecting the feeder(s) are
listed for operating at 100 percent of their rating, neither the ampere rating of the over current device
nor the ampacity of the feeder conductors shall be less than the sum of the continuous load plus the
non continuous load.

General Lighting. The demand factors listed Table 3.3.2.2 shall apply to that portion of the total
branch-circuit load computed for general illumination. They shall not be applied in determining the
number of branch-circuits for illumination.

Show-Window Lighting. For show-window lighting, a load of not less than 600 volt-amperes shall be
included for each linear meter of show window, measured horizontally along its base.
Receptacle Loads – Nondwelling Units. In other than dwelling units, receptacle loads computed at not
more than 180 volt-amperes per outlet in accordance with Section 3.3.1.3(c)(5) shall be permitted to be
added to the lighting loads and made subject to the demand factors given in Table 3.3.2.2, or they shall
be permitted to be made subject to the demand factors given in Table 3.3.2.4.

Table 3.3.2.2 Feeder Demand Factors for General

Lighting Load and Small Appliance Load

I. Type of Portion of Lighting Load

Demand
Occupancy to Which Demand Factor
Factor Applies (volt-amperes) Percent

Dwelling Units First 3 000 or less at ……………………………… 100

From 3 001 to 120 000 at ………………………… 35
Remainder over 120 000 at ………………………. 25

*Hospitals First 50 000 or les at ……………………………… 40

Remainder over 50 000 at ………………………... 20

*Hotels and Motels –Including First 20 000 or less at …………………………….. 50

Apartment Houses From 20 001 to 100 000 at ……………………….. 40
Without Provisions for Remainder over 100 000 at ………………………. 30
Cooking by Tenants

Warehouses First 12 500 or less at ……………………………. 100

(Storage) Remainder over 12 500 at ……………………….. 50

All Others Total Volt-amperes ………………………………. 100

*The demand factors of this table shall not apply to the computed load of feeders to areas in
hospitals, hotels, and motels where the entire lighting is likely to be used at one time, as in operating
rooms, ballrooms, or dining rooms.

Table 3.3.2. Demand Factors for Nondwelling Receptacle Loads

Portion of Receptacle Load Demand

to Which Demand Factors Applies Factor
(kilovolt-amperes) (Percent)

First 10 kVA or less 100

Remainder over 10 kVA at 50

Motors. Motor loads shall be computed in accordance with Sections 6.6.2.4, 6.6.2.5, and 6.6.2.6.

Fixed Electric Space Heating. Fixed electric space heating loads shall be computed at 100 percent of
the total connected loads, however in no case shall a feeder load current rating be less than the rating
of the largest branch circuits supplied.

Small Appliances and Laundry Loads – Dwelling Unit.

 (a) Small Appliances Circuit Load. In each dwelling unit the feeder load shall be computed at 1
500 volt-ampere for each 2-wire small appliances branch circuit required by Section 3.3.1.3(b) for small
appliances supplied by 15- or 20-ampere receptacles on 20-ampere branch circuits in the kitchen,
pantry, dining room, and breakfast room. Where the load is subdivided through one or more feeders
the computed load for each shall include not less than 1 500 volt-amperes for 2-wire branch circuit
small appliances. These loads shall be permitted to be included with the general lighting load and
subjected to the demand factors permitted in Table 3.3.2.2 for the general lighting load.

(b) Laundry Circuit Load. A feeder load of not less than 1 500 volt-amperes shall be included
for each 2-wire laundry branch circuit installed as required by Section 3.3.1.3(c). it shall be permissible
to include this load with the general lighting load and subjected It to demand factors provided in
Section 3.3.2.2.

Appliance Load – Dwelling Unit(s). It shall be permissible to apply a demand factor of 75 percent to
the nameplate-rating load of four or more appliances fastened in place served by the same feeder in a
one-family, two-family or multifamily dwelling.

Exception: This demand factor shall not be applied to electric ranges, clothes dryers, space
heating equipment, or air-conditioning equipment.

Electric Clothes Dryers – Dwelling Unit(s). the load for household electric clothes dryers in a dwelling
unit(s) shall be 5 000 volt-amperes or the nameplate-rating, whichever is larger, for each dryer served.
The use of the demand factors in Table 3.3.2.9 shall be permitted.

Electric Ranges and Other Cooking Appliances – Dwelling Unit(s). the feeders demand load for
household electric ranges, wall-mounted ovens, counter-mounted cooking units, and other household
cooking appliances individually rated in excess of 1.75 kW shall be permitted to be computed in
accordance with Table 3.3.2.10. Where two or more single-phase ranges are supplied by a 3-phase,
4-wire feeder, the total load shall be computed on the basis of twice the maximum number connected
between any two phase.

Note: KVA shall be considered equivalent to kW for loads computed under this section.

Kitchen Equipment – other than Dwelling Unit(s). it shall be permissible to compute the load for
commercial electric cooking equipment, dishwasher booster heaters, water heaters and other kitchen
equipment in accordance with Table 3.3.2.11. these demand factors shall be applied to all equipment
which has either thermostatic control or intermittent use as kitchen equipment. They shall not apply to
space heating ventilating or air-conditioning equipment.

However, in no case shall the feeder demand be less than the sum of the largest two kitchen
equipment loads.

Noncoincident Loads. Where it is unlikely that two dissimilar loads will be in use simultaneously, it
shall be permissible to omit the smaller of the two in computing the total load of a feeder.

Size of Conductors. The ampacity of outdoor branch-circuit and feeder conductors shall be in
accordance with section 5.3.1.15 based on loads as determined under Section 3.3.1.2 and Part 3.3.2.

Minimum Size of Conductor.

(a) Overhead Spans. Open individual conductors shall not be smaller than the following:
(1) For up to 600 volt nominal or less, 5,5 mm2 copper or 8 mm2 aluminum for a span up
to 15 metres in length and 8 mm2 copper or 14 mm2 aluminum for a longer span.
 Exception: where supported by a messenger wire.

(2) For over 600 volts nominal. 14 mm2copper or 22 mm2 aluminum where open
individual conductors and 8 mm2 copper or 14 mm2 aluminum for a longer span.

(b) Festoon Lighting. Overhead conductors for festoon lighting shall not be smaller than 3.5
mm2.
Note: See Section 3.4.2.11 for outdoor lampholders.

DEFINITION: Festoon lighting is a string of outdoor lights suspended between two points more than 4
500 mm apart.

Lighting Equipment on Poles or Other Structures.

(a) General. For the supply of the lighting equipment installed outdoors, the branch circuits
shall comply with Article 3.1 and (b) through (d) below.

(b) Common Neutral. The ampacity of the neutral conductor shall not be less than the
maximum net computed load current between the neutral and all ungrounded conductors
connected to any one phase of the circuit.

(c) 277 Volts to Ground. Circuits exceeding 250 volts nominal, between conductors and not
exceeding 277 volts nominal, to ground shall be permitted to supply lighting fixtures for
illumination of outdoor areas of industrial establishments, office building, institutionals,
stores, and other commercial or public buildings where the fixtures are not less than 900
mm from windows, platforms, fire escapes, and the like.

(d) 600 Volts Between Conductors. Circuits exceeding 277 volts nominal, to ground and not
exceeding 600 volts nominal, between conductors shall be permitted to supply the auxiliary
equipment of electric-discharge lamps in accordance with Section 3.1.1.6(d)(1).

Disconnection. The disconnecting means for branch-circuit and feeder fuses shall be in accordance
with Section .5.4.1.

Wiring on Buildings. The installation of outside wiring on surfaces of buildings shall be permitted for
circuits of not over 600 volts nominal as open wiring on insulators, as multiconductor cable, as Type
MC cable, as Type MI cable, as messenger supported wiring, in rigid metal conduit, in intermediate
metal conduit, in rigid nonmetallic conduit, in cable trays, as cablebus, in wireways, in auxiliary gutters,
in electrical metallic tubing, in flexible metal conduit, in liquid-tight flexible metal conduit, liquid-tight
flexible nonmetallic conduit, and in busways. Circuits of over 600 volts nominal, shall be installed as
provided in Section 9.2.1.3. Circuits for signs and outline lighting shall be installed in accordance with
Article 8.1.

Circuits Exits and Entrances. Where outside branch and feeder circuits leave or enter a building, the
requirements of Section 3.5.6.10 and 3.5.6.12 shall apply.

Open-Conductor Supports. In spans exceeding 12 metres, the conductors shall be supported by a

messenger wire; and the messenger wire shall be supported by strain insulators. Conductors or
messenger wires shall not be attached to any fire escape, downspout, or plumbing equipment

Spacings and Clearances

Open-Conductors Spacings.
 (a) Up to 600 Volts Nominal. Conductors of up to 600 volts nominal shall comply with the
spacings provided in Table

(b) Over 600 Volts Nominal. Conductors of over 600 volts nominal shall comply

(c) Separation from Other Circuits. Open conductors shall be separated from one conductors
of other circuits or systems by not less than 100 mm.
(d) Conductors on Poles. Conductors on poles shall have a separation of not less than 300
mm where not placed on racks or brackets. Conductors supported on poles shall provide a horizontal
climbing space not less than the following:

Power conductors, below communication

conductors ……………………………………………………… 760 mm
Power conductors alone or above communication conductors:
300 volts or less ……………………………………………………… 600 mm
Over 300 volts ……………………………………………………… 760 mm
Communication conductors below power
conductors ……………………………… same as power conductors
Communication conductors alone ……………………………… no requirement

Clearance from Ground. Open conductors of not over 600volts nominal, shall conform to the following:

3 100 mm – above finished grade, sidewalks, or from any platform or projection which they
might be reached where the supply conductors are limited to 150 volts to ground and accessible to
pedestrians only.
3 700 mm – over residential driveways, and those commercial areas not subject to truck traffic
where the voltage is limited to 300 volts to ground.

4 600 mm - for those areas listed in the 3 700 mm classification where the voltage exceeds 300
volts to ground.

5 500 mm – over public streets, alleys, roads, parking areas subject to truck
traffic, driveways on other than residential property, and other land traversed by vehicles such as
cultivated, grazing, forest, and orchard.

Note: For clearance of conductors of over 600 volts, see the latest edition of the Philippine
Electrical Code, Part 2.

Clearances from Buildings for Conductors of Not Over 600 Volts Nominal.

(a) Above Roofs. Conductors shall have a vertical clearance of not less than 2 500 mm from
the roof surface. The vertical clearance shall be maintained for a distance not less than 1
000mm in all directions from the edge of the roof.

Exception No. 1: the area above a roof surface subject to pedestrian or vehicular traffic shall
have a vertical clearance from the roof surface in accordance with the clearance
requirements of Section 3.4.2.5.

Exception No. 2: Where the voltage between conductors does not exceed 300 and the roof has
a slope of not less than 100 mm in 300 mm, a reduction in clearance to 1 000 mm shall be permitted.
 Exception No. 3: Where the voltage between conductors does not exceed 300, a reduction in
clearance above only the overhanging portion of the roof to not less than 200 mm shall be permitted if
(1) not more than 1 300 mm of the conductors pass above the roof overhang, and (2) they are
terminated at a through-the-roof raceway or approved support.

(b) Horizontal Clearances. Clearances shall be not less than 1 000 mm.

(c) Final Spans. Final spans of feeders of branch circuits to a building they supply or form
which they are fed shall be permitted to be attached to the building, but they shall be kept 1
000 mm from windows, doors, porches, fire escapes, or similar locations.

Exception: Conductors run above the top level of a window shall be permitted to be less
than the 1 000 mm requirement above.

(d) Zone for Fire Ladders. Where buildings exceed three stories or 15 meters in height,
overhead lines shall be arranged, where practicable, so that a clear space (or zone) at
least 1 900 mm wide will be left either adjacent to the buildings or beginning not over 2
500 mm from them to facilitate raising of ladders when necessary for fire fighting.

Note: For clearance of conductors over 6 000 volts, see the latest edition of the Philippine

Electrical Code, Part 2.

(e) From Nonbuilding or Nonbridge Structures. From signs, chimneys, radio and television
antennas, tanks, other nonbuilding or nobridge structures, clearances, vertical, diagonal and
horizontal, shall be not less than 1 000 mm.

Service Equipment - General

Service Equipment – Enclosed or Guarded. Energized parts of service equipment shall be enclosed as
specified in (a) below, or guarded as specified in (b) below.

(a) Enclosed. Energized parts shall be enclosed so that they will not be exposed to accidental
contact or guarded as in (b) below.

(b) Guarded. Energized parts that are not enclosed shall be installed on a switchboard,
panelboard, or control board and guarded in accordance with Section 2.3.2.2. and 2.3.2.3. Such an
enclosure shall be provided with means for locking or sealing doors giving access to energized parts.

Grounding and Bonding. Service equipment, raceways, cable armor, cable sheaths, etc., and any
service conductor that is to be grounded shall be grounded in accordance with the following parts of
Article 4.2.

Sizing the MAIN Service for Several Buildings

Computed Demand Load Demand Factor

  Residence 100%

 All other loads:

o Largest load 100%

o 2nd largest load 75%

o 3rd largest load 65%

o Sum of remaining loads 50%

Sizing Service Conductors

1. Type of wire and insulation

 Weather, temp, moisture, etc.

2. Size of wire and insulation needed to carry the current
 As stated by PEC
3. Size of wire needed to prevent voltage drop
 Determined by resistance of wire

 Commonly determined by calculating voltage drop

o 1. PEC- 3% in building, 5% branch circuits

o 2. Engineers - 2% branch circuits

Lighting and Gen-Purpose Circuits

 15A or 20A

 8 - 10 outlets / 15A

 10 - 12 outlets / 20A
Special Purpose Circuits
 individually, permanently installed;

o electric range, clothes dryer, electric water heater, dishwasher, water pump, furnace fan
motor

o motors with 1/8 hp or greater

o appliances greater than 1000 VA

o use nameplate VA rating

Special Purpose Circuits (con't.)
 use in combination w/ lighting

o permanent load: 50% or less of rated

o portable load: 80% or less than rated

Calculation:
  80% of 15A = 12A

 80% of 20A = 16A

VA? 80% of (125 * 15)
1500 VA
Circuits rated at 30, 40, 50 amps- are NOT used for lighting circuits.

 Fixed appliances such as a range.

Sizing a branch circuit for electric range
 demand factor

o Up to 12 kW ---> use 8 kW

o 12 to 27 kW ---> add (.40 * value)

Branch Circuit Color Coding - Conduit

 Grounding- green, bare, or green with yellow stripes

 Neutral- white or gray

 Hot ungrounded- colors other than white, gray or green

Branch Circuit Color Coding - UF or NM cable
 Grounding- green or bare

 Neutral- white or gray & white is not necessarily neutral.

 Hot ungrounded- black, red, or any other color other than green

 When white is used as a hot wire, paint or tape, any color except green..
Color Coding for Switches
 When white wire connected to switch = hot

 If spliced to a wire other than gray, white, or green = hot

 If white must be used in switch leg pulling power to the light, then identified as black or any
other acceptable color using tape or paint.

Installing cable-
 If spanning open area

o attached to flat board

o installed in a raceway

o Must be #6 or #8 to be stapled to bottom of a joist.

 Fastened within 12 inches of device box

 Fastened 4.5 feet apart

 Securely fastened to device box or loose if sheath extends into the box 1/4 inch and stapled
within 8 inches of the box.

 If run through bored holes, secured at each end of run...

  Holes should not be closer than 1.25 inches from stud...

 Holes should be bored in center of stud...

 If nail may be driven into wire, install steel plate...

 Holes should never be bored in a rafter or trusses that are required to support heavy weight
Connecting Wires...
 Only one wire per terminal

 3/4 wrap

 Conduit acts as grounding conductor

 Grounding of steel boxes

Using Conduit...
 Cut the exact length, ream ends with burr reamer or round file.

 Provide access where needed

 Use appropriate bracket to secure

 Use of fish tape

 Use of "pulling lubricant"

 Use of special "hard plastic coated" insulated wire

 One person pulls, one person feeds...

 Support every 10 feet

 Supported within 3 feet of each box

 Use of conduit bender

Connecting Wires...

 Only one wire per terminal

 3/4 wrap

 Conduit acts as grounding conductor

 Grounding of steel boxes

Using Conduit...
 Cut the exact length, ream ends with burr reamer or round file.

 Provide access where needed

 Use appropriate bracket to secure

 Use of fish tape

 Use of "pulling lubricant"

 Use of special "hard plastic coated" insulated wire

  One person pulls, one person feeds...

 Support every 10 feet

 Supported within 3 feet of each box

 Use of conduit bender

Sizing device Boxes

Rules for Device Box Sizing

1. A wire not spliced counts as one wire

2. A wire that terminates in a box counts as one wire

3. A wire contained with a box is NOT counted

4. All grounding wires count as one wire

5. Each strap counts as a wire

 switch

 single receptacle

 duplex receptacle
6. Each device within the box counts as one wire
 fixture stud

 cable clamp (s) count as one wire

 hickey counts as one wire

7. Fixtures & Device Boxes
 rigid plastic

 stainless steel

 water tight

 dust tight
8. Lighting Fixtures
 incandescent lights

 fluorescent lights
9. Service Entrance
 indoors & away from livestock environment

 if outdoors, rain tight equipment is needed

 mount on fire resistant material

Electric Motors & Controls

 noncorrosive devices
  1.25% ampacity

 Totally enclosed

 disconnect within 50' of motor

 manual reset

Advantages of Electric Motors

* Efficiency
Electric motor 50 - 80%
Gasoline (25%) Diesel (40%) engines

Other advantages
low initial cost
inexpensive to operate
easy to start
capable of starting a reasonable load
capable of automatic/remote control
long life (35,000 hrs)
compact
simple to operate
quiet
no exhaust fumes
quite safe to operate

How an AC motor works

* electromagnet
* electromagnet induction
* alternating current

Like poles repel each other, and will try to rotate clockwise. As quickly as it aligns with the unlike pole,
the polarity of the next pole changes: The rotor tries to re-position itself with an unlike pole.

As more sets of poles are added, the rotor does not travel as far to reach the next pole and the speed
of the rotor is reduced.

RPM = 60 (seconds) * 60 (Hertz)

Pair of poles (running)

Slip = 4-5 %

Split Phase Motors

* fractional HP applications
* starting or auxiliary winding needed
- smaller wire, greater resistance
- current peaks before starting windings
- rotor unable to line up on either winding
- "splits" current into two phases...
- reverse leads to aux. winding to change rotation of stator
- starting windings deactivate at 3/4 speed

Capacitor Start, Induction run Motor

* Essentially the same as split phase motor
* Starting torque increased by placing a capacitor in-series with the starting windings.
- increases split between phases
- puts more copper in windings, thereby reducing starting current requirements.
- twice the starting torque
- 1/3 less starting current

Capacitor Start, Capacitor run (two value capacitor motor)

- starting winding remains in circuit
- slightly higher starting torque
- current requirements about same

Permanent Split Capacitor

- same capacitance used for both windings
- much lower starting torque than CS-CR
- starting windings remain in circuit
- oil filled capacitor
- NO centrifugal switch
- powers variable speed applications

Wound Motors
- windings connected to a commutator ring
- brushes
- excellent starting torque
- low current requirements
- more maintenance
- variable speed motor
* Repulsion start, Induction run

Shaded Pole
- starting windings around small portion of each pole
- low efficiency
- low starting torque
- LOW COST
- application = Box fans...

Universal Series Motor

- operates on either AC or DC
- found on drills, grinders, etc.
- high power to size ratio
- rapid acceleration
- no fixed speed, runs as fast as load allows
- friction of bearings & load limit RPM

Synchronous Motors
- constant speed motors
- clocks & timers

Soft-Start Motors
- often used when 5-7 HP or larger needed
- starting current limited to 1 - 1.5 times less
- reduces available starting torque (50 - 90%)
- windings placed in series during startup, then switched to parallel when running.

Written Pole (TM)

- low starting current
- ramped acceleration
- synchronous operation
- high efficiency, pf & reliability
- 15 - 75 hp
- horizontal shaft only

Enclosure Types
- open
- drip proof
- totally enclosed, fan cooled

Frame Information
- size of shaft
- height of shaft from base
- size/shape of keyway
- length of PTO shaft
- mounting dimensions

Motor Parts
- Split Phase motor (squirrel cage rotor)
- Universal motor (wound rotor)

Sizing Branch Circuit Conductors for Motors

- single motor; ----> 125% rated full load current

Fusing
- At startup - expect 4-6 Xs current demand
- time delay fuse
Fractional Hp electric motors
 Switch = 200% full load amp of motor

 Fuse size = 115 - 125% motor nameplate rating

 Fuse size = not larger than ampacity of branch circuit

 Thermal cut-outs, manual resets

Fractional to 2 Hp electric motors
 General use switch

 Thermal cut-outs, manual resets

2 - 100 Hp electric motors
 Motor controllers should be used
Phase converters
 10 hp or larger

Fusible knife switch-

 Ok for a motor controller

 Horsepower rating must be sufficient

 Time-delay fuses are needed

 Voltage rating suitable for circuit

 i.e. 250V- for 120, 208 & 240 V

  i.e. 600V- for 277 or 480 V

Snap Switch-

 Ampere rating must be 2 *s the full-load current of the motor

 i.e. 7.2 A * 2 = 14.4 Amps

 Switches rated for AC only

 80% of current rating of the switch

 i.e. 30 Amp switch can service 24 Amp motor

Motor Starters
 manual - hand activation

 magnetic - coil & control activation

 rated in horsepower

 thermally activated overload relay

 two poles or three poles

Sizing disconnect for motors

 115% of full-load current of motor

 (Plug & receptacle as well)

 except AC switch used on AC = 125%

Sizing branch circuit wires
 125% of full-load current of motor

 Time Delay Circuit Breaker (Inverse time)

 up to 250% (Transparency)

Grounding

Receptacle Grounding

 15 & 20 amp = grounding type If no ground available

Equipment Grounding
 portable appliances must be grounded (Washer, dryer, dishwasher)

 portable hand tools (Not if double insulated)

Methods of Grounding
 grounding conductor removable third (round) plug use of non-grounded receptacles

 Frames of ranges & clothing dryers

  4 wire conductor mandatory neutral cannot be grounded to frame
Grounding of motors & other 240 V equip.
 third wire = NOT neutral third wire is the grounding conductor this is called 2-wire service

System Grounding

 25 ohms benchmark for grounding resistance May require a second (paralleled) electrode8.5'*"
copper rod

 Underground water pipe

 10' underground water pipe (metal)bonding jumper around water meter

 Metal frame of building

 if it is grounded...

 Concrete Encased Electrode

 buried below 2" concrete near bottom of footing20' bare steel, can be zinc coated, " rod20' bare
copper, #4 or larger

 Ground ring

 bare copper, #2 or larger, 2.5 feet deep encircling a building

 Philippine Electrical Code
1. Which of the following wires is not suitable for both dry and wet locations?
a. THHW b. RH c. XHHW d. TW

2. The equipment grounding conductor of a branch circuit shall be identified by a continuous

_______color.
a. green b. black c. white d. yellow

3. Assuming all ratings are available, what size of the branch circuit is required to supply a fixed
lighting load of 23.5 A at continuous duty?
a. 20 A b. 25 A c. 40 A d. 30 A

4. The minimum number of branch circuits shall be determined from the ________.
a. total computed and the size of disconnect needed
b. total computed load and the size or rating of the circuits used
c. size or rating of the circuits used
d. minimum number required by the PEC

5. What is the allowable ampacity of THW insulated copper conductor with an area of 8 sq mm and
exposed to an ambient temperature of 30 C.
a. 50 A b. 20 A c. 30 A d. 60 A

6. The following copper conductor has the same cross sectional area but is made up of different
number of strands. Which one has the least resistance to AC current?
a. single layer strand conductor b. Double layer strand conductor
c. Three layer strand conductor d. 37 strand conductor

7. What is the ampacity of 5.5 sq mm. TW copper conductor?

a. 35 b. 45 c. 40 d. 30

8. The load for household electric clothes dryers in a dwelling unit shall be ________ VA or the
Nameplate rating whichever is larger.
a. 1500 b. 3000 c. 4500 d. 5000

9. The branch circuit rating shall NOT be less than _______ of the non-continuous load.
a. 125 % b. 80% c. 100% d. 115%

10. What is the size in square millimeters (mm2) of the cable 250 MCM in size?
a. 150 mm2 b. 135 mm2 c. 125mm2 d. 145mm2

11. Not less than ______ of free non-heating lead shall be within the junction box.
a. 100 mm b. 150 mm c. 175 mm d. 200 mm

12. There shall be no more than _____ disconnects per service grouped in any location.
a. four b. five c. six d. three

13. Which one is a standard rating of a fuse or CB?

a. 140 A b. 130 A c.120 A d. 110 A

14. Which of the following size of single phase transformer is NOT standard?
a. 50 kVA b. 37.5 kVA c. 75 kVA d. 20 kVA
15. In estimating the loading of a branch circuit, what loading shall be used for each receptacle?
a. 160 VA b. 120 VA c. 180 VA d. 150 VA

16. What type of electrical conductors has a trade name “moisture resistant thermoplastic”?
a. TW b. THW c. THWN d. all of these

17. When circuit breaker is installed in enclosed switchboards, they are usually derated to a certain
percentage. What is this percentage?
a. 60% b. 80% c. 50% d. 70%

18. A ________ lighting is a string of outdoor lights suspended between two points.
a. temporary b. messenger c. pole d. festoon

19. Branch circuit conductors supplying a single motor shall have an ampacity not less than ______
percent of the motor full-load current rating.
a. 80 b. 100 c. 115 d. 125

20. Equipment grounding conductors, when installed, _______ be included when calculating conduit
fill.
a. should b. shall c. should not d. shall never

21. Fixtures shall be wired with conductors having insulation suitable for _________ to which the
conductors will be subjected.
I. environmental conditions II. current-voltage II. temperature
a. II only b. III only c. I, II, and III d. I and III

22. Equipment for installation in hazardous locations must be tested and approved for use according to
the classification of the hazards involved. These are divided into _____ groups.
a. 4 b. 3 c. 7 d. 6

23. Class I locations are those that are hazardous because of __________.
a. the presence of combustible dust
b. over 2500 mm depth of water
c. flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air
d. the presence of easily ignitible fibers or flyings

24. Motor A has a full load current of 8 A and motor B, 10 A and Motor C, 20 A. What is the ampacity of
the feeder conductor supplying these motors?
a. 45 A b. 35 A c. 55 A d. 65

25. Fixtures suspended from the ceiling by chains should be wired so that the.
a. chain is grounded b. wires help support the fixtures
c. wires will not touch the chains d. wires do not support the fixture

26. The maximum number of power outlet the code allows per circuit in any one location is _____.
a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10

27. In split knob and tube work, support shall be installed on conductors within _________ mm from a
tap or splices.
a. 200 mm b. 76 mm c. 220 mm d. 180 mm

28. Fixtures wires shall not be smaller than

a. 1 mm2 b. 0.75 mm2 c. 0.5 mm2 d. 1.25 mm2
29. A single family dwelling unit has a floor area of 145 sq. meter. It has the typical household
appliances including one 1.5 – Hp room air conditioning unit. The number of branch circuit required is;

a. 3 – 20 A b. 4 – 20 A c. 5 – 20 A d. 6 – 20 A

30. For barber shop and beauty parlors, the general lighting load per square meter of area shall be
a. 24 VA b. 28 VA c. 16 VA d. 8 VA

31. What is the ampacity of a 5.5 mm2 TW copper conductor?

a. 35 A b. 45 A c. 40 A d. 30 A

32. Which of the following is the best way to eliminate stroboscopic effect
a. Using new luminaries b. using 400 Hz frequency
c. used flat cord d .using 500 v

33. A 5 Hp, 230 volts, 1 phase wound rotor induction motor no code letter has a full load efficiency of
80 % and power factor of 72 %. The maximum rating of inverse time delay circuit breaker for branch
circuit protection is:
a. 60 A b. 56 A c. 70 A d. 42 A

34. Three, 230 volts, 1 phase squirrel cage induction motor each draws a current of 50 ampere are
supplied by copper feeder conductors. The maximum rating of inverse time delay circuit breaker for
feeder protection is:
a. 200 A b. 250 A c. 225 A d. 150 A

35. The service feeder capacity necessary to provide for six 5-kW household electric clothes dryer is.
a. 18 kW b. 24 kW c. 19.5 kW d. 21 kW

36. If the full load current of a 2 Hp, 115 volt, 1 phase motor is 24 A, the branch circuit protection to this
motor should not be set a more than ______ A using dual element time delay circuit breaker fuse.
a. 30 b. 40 c. 60 d. 80

37. In a group of four motors, one motor draws 10 A, one draws 45 A and two draws 75 A. What size of
conductor must be used for the feeder circuit?
a. 224 A b. 230 A c. 300A d. 124 A

38. What is the current carrying capacity of each conductor if 36-8.0 sq mm THWN copper conductors
are install in an auxiliary gutter? Considering one 8.0 sq mm THWN has an ampacity of 50 A.
a. 20 A each b. 40 A each c. 50 A each d. 45 a each

39. The carrying capacity of aluminum wire when compared to a similar size of copper wire, which has
the same kind of insulation, is
a. 84% b. 74% c. 94% d. 100%

40. After no. 2 AWG, the next smaller copper wire or cable size is n
a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 4

41. Wirings allowed to be installed outside buildings are enumerated below EXCEPT one. Which one
is this?
a. Type MC cable b. Flat conductor cable
c. Rigid metal conduit d. Open wires on insulators

42. A voltage level not exceeding 1000 volts is considered as.

a. low voltage b. medium voltage c. High voltage d. very high voltage
43. A voltage level from 34.5 kV up to 230 kV is considered as.
a. low voltage b. high voltage c. medium voltage d. very high voltage

44. A voltage level between 1 kV up to 34.5 kV is considered as.

a. low voltage b. medium voltage c. high voltage d. very high voltage

45. The power factor of the customer connected to a point in the distribution system shall be higher
than.
a. 85% lagging b. 85 % leading c. 80% lagging d. 80 % leading

46. A 10% increase in nominal voltage is called.

a. voltage sag b. over-voltage c. voltage swell d. under-voltage

47. A 10% decrease in nominal voltage is called.

a. voltage sag b. voltage drop c. voltage dip d. under voltage

48. If the project is extensive and requires more time for checking and for computations of fees, the
issuance of the electrical permit need not be issued immediately. However, the delay shall not be
longer than how many working days?
a. 7 b. 6 c. 5 d. 8

49. Location which are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust.
a. Class I b. Class II c. Class III d. Class IV

50. The term “exposed wiring” refers to wires that

a. Have no installation when installed
b. Run in conduit along the outside wall of a building
c. are not in conduit or raceway
d. have had part of their insulation worn away.

51. It is good practice to connect the ground wire for a building electrical system to a
a. Gas pipe b. Cold water pipe c. Vent pipe d. Steam pipe

52. The code permits the use of only one circuit for small single-family dwelling unit having a floor area
of not more than _______ m2 with load not exceeding _________ volt-amperes.
a. 80, 3680 b. 100, 3860 c. 50, 3680 d. 60, 3860

53. For service entrance conductors, the minimum size of copper wires the code allows is _______.
a. 3.5 mm2 b. 5.5 mm2 c. 8.0 mm2 d. 14 mm2

54. A _______ is a protective device for limiting surge voltages by discharging or bypassing surge
current, and it also prevents continued flow of follow current while remaining capable of repeating
these functions.
a. surge arrester b. auto fuse c. fuse d. circuit breaker

55. Class III locations are those that are hazardous because of ________.
a. the presence of combustible dust
b. over 2500 mm depth of water
c. flammable gases or vapors may be present in the air
d. the presence of easily ignitible fibers or flyings

56. The maximum number of quarter bends in one run of EMT is ________.
a. two b. four c. five d. none of these
57. The most practical method of finding out if a 500 kV circuit is “dead” is to
a. see if fuse is blown b. check with the nearest electric substation
c. Touch it with the back of hand d. test it with a known good bank of lamps

58. Conductors for festoon lighting shall be of the _____ type.

I. thermoplastic II. rubber covered III. shielded
a. I only b. I or II only c. II or III only d. I, II, or III

59. Service entrance cables, where subject to physical damages, shall be protected in which of the
following?
I. EMT II. IMC III. rigid metal conduit
a. III only b. II and III c. I, II and III d. I and III

60. A unit of an electrical system which is intended to carry but not utilize electric energy would be a
_____.
I. light bulb II. snap switch III. device IV. receptacle
a. I only b. III only c. I, II and IV d. II, III, and IV

61. The demand factors for general lighting loads in a residence allow the first 3,000 watts to be
calculated at 100%. What is the required percentage for the next 117,000 watts?

a. 50 b. 35 c. 25 d. 10

62. The overcurrent protection and the ampacity of a #12 THW conductor, when there are six
conductors in a conduit and the ambient temperature is 30°C, is ________ amps.

a. 16 b. 20 c. 22 d. 25
63. If a 3.5 sq mm wire will safely carry 20 amps at 120 volts, what will it carry at 240 volts?
a. 10 amps b. 20 amps c. 15 amps d. 30 amps

64. The Philippine Electrical code (PEC) is intended for _____ applications by government bodies
exercising legal jurisdiction over electrical installation.
a. advisory b. optional c. . mandatory d. all of these

65. Which of the following electrical conductor has the highest resistance
a. 3.5 mm2 b. 8.0 mm2 c. 2.0 mm2 d. 5.5 mm2

66. In the schedule of loads for motor circuits, which of the following is NOT included?
a. Type of motor
b. Motor’s manufacturer
c. Motor as numbered or identified in the power layout
d. Number of phase

67. Advisory rules in the Code are characterized by the use of the word ______.
a. will b. would c. shall d. should

68. A point in a wiring system at which current is taken to be used in some equipment.
a. Grounded b. Conductor
c. Service conductor d. Outlet

69. The neutral conductor shall not be _______.

a. stranded b. solid c. insulated d. fused
70. The voltage drop in a line can be decreased by _______.
I. increasing the wire size
II. increasing the current
III. decreasing the load
a. I only b. I and II only c. I,II and III d. I and III only

71. The part of an electrical system that performs a mechanical function rather than an electrical
function is called a(n) _____.
a. receptacle b. device c. fitting d. outlet

72. The definition of accessible (wire):

a. admitting close approach
b. not guarded by locked doors, elevation, etc.
c. not permanently closed in by the building or structure
d. all of the above

73. What is meant by “traveler wires”?

a. wiring to a split receptacle b. two-wires between 3-way switches
c. wiring to a door bell d. out of state electrician

74. When installing raceway systems, it is essential that they be _______.

a. rigidly supported as required b. exposed
c. concealed in walls d. readily accessible

75. What is the maximum number of over current devices allowed in a lighting and appliance panel
board
a. 24 b. 30 c. 36 d. 42

76. About every 5 years new edition of PEC are issued, incorporating changes approved in the interim
period. These changes are considered in the PEC by the use of
a. Italics b. Boldface c. Parenthesis d. vertical Marginal line

77. At all building and structure, the PEC requires one of the FF.
a. Service disconnecting means b. A main distribution board
c. A metering system d. a grounding rod

78. Which two of the following are not absolute code requirement
I. Adequate current carrying capacity of conductor
II. Efficient design
III. Allowance for future expansion
IV. Accessibility of equipment
V. Freedom from Hazard
a. I and II b. II and III c. I and III d. IV and V

79. A cable that contains five single phase control circuit of two 5.5 sq. mm THHW with 1 neutral and 1
grounding conductor each is to extend from a point on the feeder that at times reaches an ambient
temperature of 45 degree Celsius. What is the Absolute allowable ampacity for the conductor.
Correction factor is 0.82
a. 24.6 b. 14.35 c. 21 d. 30

80. A ______ rated in computed ampere not to exceed ___________ times the ampacity of conductor
shall be considered as to provide the required short circuit protection
a. fuse, 3 b. disconnect, 4 c. Circuit Breaker, 6 d. switch , 1.15
81. A ______ with a trip setting of not more than times ___________ times the ampacity of conductor
shall be considered as to provide the required short circuit protection.
a. fuse, 3 b. disconnect, 4 c. Circuit Breaker, 6 d. switch , 1.15

82. Circuit Breaker shall open all _________ conductors of those circuits unless otherwise permitted.
a. grounded b. ungrounded c. neutral d. grounding

83. A 8.0 sq. mm UF copper has an ampacity of 40 A at 30 degree Celsius, if aluminum is conductor is
used assuming same conductor size and ambient temperature what will be the ampacity.
a. 40 A b. 30 A c. 45 A d. 25 A

84. In dwelling units at least one wall receptacle outlet shall be installed in bath within _________ mm
of the outside edge of each basin.
a. 18000 b. 3600 c. 1000 d. 900

85. A 10 m show window for car has a minimum feeder current of 220 V is.
a. 39 b. 45 c. 34 d. 57

86. Determine the minimum size for electric clothes dryer

a. 3.5 TW b. 3.5 THW c. 5.5 TW d. 5.5 THW

87. What is the minimum diameter of wire for festoon wiring?

a. 1.6 b. 2.0 c. 3.4 d. 4.9

88. Circuit Breaker shall open all _________ conductors of those circuits unless otherwise permitted.
a. grounded b. ungrounded c. neutral d. grounding

89. Fuses rated _______ V nominal or less shall be permitted to be used for a voltage at or below their
ratings.
a. 24 b. 240 c. 1000 d. 600

90. A 8.0 sq. mm UF copper has an ampacity of 40 A at 30 degree Celsius, if aluminum is conductor is
used assuming same conductor size and ambient temperature what will be the ampacity.
a. 40 A b. 30 A c. 45 A d. 25 A

91. What minimum size of neutral wire shall be used to a 220 v, 8 kW electric range
a. 3.5 b. 5.5 c. 14.0 d.0.75

92. A branch circuit larger than 50 A shall supply only

a. motor b. lighting c. non lighting d. any of the above

93. What shall be the maximum height of a receptacle outside the building?
a. 3000 mm b. 5000 mm c. 2000 mm d. 500 mm

94. The minimum clearance of overhead wire is

a. 3100 b. 2500 c. 5500 d. 4600

95. What is the amperage of a 240-V, 3-phase feeder circuit supplying a total load of 128,000 VA?
a. 533 A b. 256 A c. 178 A d. 308 A

96. The common neutral wire is usually _______ in color and connected to a_________.
a. black, cold water pipe
b. white circuit breaker or fuse
c. black, circuit breaker or fuse
 d. white cold water pipe

97. Circuit measurement is used for which of the following purposes?

a. To find the weight of a circuit
b. To increase the power used in a circuit
c. To discover the length and width of a circuit
d. To determine the reason a circuit is not functioning properly

98. An in-circuit meter is used for which of the following purposes?

a. To reduce circuit losses b. To monitor circuit operation
c. To control power to a circuit d. To prevent circuit overload conditions

99. The Branch circuit is rated 30 A. What should be the rating of the receptacle and the maximum
connected load?
a. 24 A, 24 A b. 30 A, 30 A c. 30 A, 24 A d. 37.5ª, 30 A

100. What will be the general lighting load for a bank with an area of 500 sq m.
a. 18 kVA b. 14 kVA c. 12 kVA d. 10 kVA

101. A six, 3 kW heavy duty lampholder has a branch circuit that has an ampacity of __________A.
a. 30 b. 40 c. 110 d. 90

102. A receptacle with 5 hot slot supplies energy to a computer system, what shall be the maximum
ampere rating of the computer system.
a. 2.05 A b. 4.1 A c. 3.3 A d. 1.64 A

103. What shall be the rating of a branch circuit consisting a load of 1/8 hp motor and ten 40 watts
fluorescent bulb.
a. 20 b. 15 c. 30 d. not possible

104. What size of UF wire should be used to supply 20 A loads at a temp of 35 degree Celsius? The
correction factor is 0.94.
a. 2.0 b. 3.5 c. 5.5 d. 8.0

105. How many 2 A lighting fixture that can be connected to a 20 A continuous duty Branch circuit
a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 14

106. What is the demand load KVA for 220 A receptacle that are connected to a 220 V feeder circuit
a. 89 b. 51 c. 47 d. 39

107. For two conductors inside the conduit, the ampacity of the conductors shall be derated to what
percent?
a. 90% b. 80% c. 70% d. None of these

108. For optional calculation in dwelling units, the first 10 kW shall be computed at 100% while the
remainder is at _______.
a. 65% b. 60% c. 50% d. 40%

109. A 20 amp rated branch circuit with a 3.5 sq mm wire supplying a fastened in place wall air
conditioner can be loaded to a maximum of _____ amps.
a. 10 b. 15 c. 16 d. 20

110. How many conductors would be counted in a branch circuit raceway for the purpose of derating
conductor ampacity given the following:
 3 bare conductors-3 black insulated conductors-3 white insulated conductors-3 red insulated
conductors. The service is single-phase, the load is balanced on each circuit and there are no
harmonic currents on the neutrals.
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12

111. How many strands are needed to complete the cable having 3 layers?
a. 37 b. 19 c. 20 d. 21

112. You can use cable trays as a support system for _____.
a. services, feeders, and branch circuits b. communications circuits
c. control and signaling circuits d. all of these

113. The requirements in the standard apply to locations intended for service and repair operations in
connection with self-propelled vehicles like ____, in which volatile flammable liquids or flammable
gases are used for fuel or power.
a. buses b. trucks c. tractors d. all of these

114. Two 5.5 kW dryers are located in a duplex. This adds ________ to the demand load of the
120/240-volt service.
a. 22.92 amps b. 37.50 amps c. . 41.66 amps d. 45.83 amps

115. A beauty shop is located in a 20' x 32' single story building. The shop is subdivided into the
following spaces:
20' x 20' customer service area 8'x 12'office
12' x 12' storage area
what is the connected lighting load for this building?

a. 1.462VA b. 1.956VA c. 2,052 VA d. 2,388 VA

116. A 5 hp single phase 208 volt induction motor has a nameplate current rating of 25.0 amps.
Disregarding exceptions, what is the MINIMUM size type THW copper conductor which may be used to
supply this motor?

a.3.5 sq mm b. 5.5 sq mm c. 8 sq mm d. 14 sq mm

117. After normal power fails, what is the MAXIMUM delay permitted in a legally required emergency
standby system before emergency power is available?

a. 30 seconds b. 60 seconds c. 2 minutes d. 6 minutes

118. Given: A 120-volt lighting fixture has twelve 100-watt light bulbs which are all fed through a
common fixture wire.
The MINIMUM size fixture wire for the one common wire that feeds the entire fixture is size
a.2.0 sq mm. b.3.5 sq mm c.5.5 sq mm d.8.0 sq mm

119. Which of the following colors should NOT be used for current-carrying wires?

a. red b. black c. green d. white

120. A pendant fixture is a _______ fixture.
a. hanging b. Recessed c. Bracket d. none of these

121. A 115 volt circuit is carrying 50 amps, the voltage drop is 2% of the source voltage. How much
power is lost in the conductors?
a. 2.3 watts b. 115 watts c. 112.7 watts d. none of these
122. If potential exceeding ______ v ,warning signal shall be displayed
a. 500 b. 400 c. 600 d. 700
123. If a motor has a service factor of 1.25, you can safely overload the motor by?
a. 2.5% b.25% c.75% d. 25%

124. When sizing the wires that extend the power form the source to the disconnect for the electric
motor, the conductors should be sized at ______ percent of the full-load current of the motor.

a. 115 percent b. 120 percent c. 125 percent d. 250 percent

125. The insulation material with rated class “H” has a thermal capacity up to;
a. 75oC b. 90oC c. 60oC d. 50oC

126. Rigid nonmetallic conduit may be used ____________.

a. above ground in direct sunlight b. as a grounding conductor
c. as a support for lighting fixtures d. All of the above

127. A transverse metal raceway for electrical conductors, furnishing access to predetermined cells
of a precast cellular concrete floor, which permits installation of conductors from a distribution center to
the floor cells is called _______.
a. an under floor raceway b. a header duct
c. a cellular raceway d. a mandrel

128. Conduit shall be _____.

a. threaded b. electrically continuous c. reamed d. cut square

129. A large room is illuminated by twenty 150-watt lamps and thirty 100-watt lamps. If the circuit
voltage is 116, calculate the total current.
a. 51.7 A b. 92 A c. 23 A d. 115 A

130. The code requires a minimum of _______ volt-amperes per square meter for lighting loads of
garages.
a. 20 b. 24 c. 28 d. 4

131. Thirty (30) amperes is one of the five special branch circuits rating with a circuit conductor of
a. 2.0 mm2 b. 3.5 mm2 c. 5.5 mm2 d. 8.0 mm2

132. In open wire installation, the wires are supported on

a. post insulators b. tubes c. strain insulators d. knobs

133. Service conductors between the street main and the first point of connection to the service
entrance run underground is known as the service ________.
a. drop b. loop c. lateral d. cable

134. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

a. Electrical equipment and wiring not mentioned in the code shall require a special permission
prior to installation
b. Extended use of temporary installation shall not require a new approved electrical permit
c. An application of inspection shall be filed with the government agency concerned before a
preliminary and or final inspection is done
d. A copy of the electrical permit shall be posted or kept at the job site at all times, until the
approval of the work have been done
135. Below are the factors that affect the ampacity of an electrical conductor EXCEPT one. Which
one is this.
a. Insulation resistance b. Length of the conductor
c. Conductor material d. Cross-sectional area of the conductor

136. Which of the following statements about over current devices is NOT correct?
a. It shall be located where they will not be exposed to physical damage
b. It shall be readily accessible
c. It can be located inside clothes closets
d. In a multi-dwelling, each occupant shall have ready access to a over current device
protecting his occupancy

137. What is the total number of mechanical degrees that PVC conduit run maybe bent between pull
points (pull boxes, junction boxes or utility boxes)?
a. 360 degrees b. 180 degrees
c. 120 degrees d. 270 degrees

138. Splices in ground conductors shall be as few as practicable and shall be attached so as to
withstand a pull test of
a. 900 Newtons b. 880 Newtons c. 800 Newtons d. 890 Newtons

139. Each switchboard, switchboard section, or panelboard, if used as service equipment, shall be
provided with a _____.
a. main bonding jumper b. battery-charging panel
c. power circuit d. 4-wire delta-connected system

140. Overcurrent devices shall be enclosed in ______.

I. cabinets II. cutout boxes
a. I only b. II only c. I or II d. none of these

141. The disconnecting means of a hermetic-type refrigerator compressor shall have an ampacity of
at least _____ of the nameplate full load current.
a. 125% b. 80% c. 100% d. 115%

142. Any motor application shall be considered as _______ unless nature of the apparatus it drives
is such that the motor will not operate continuously with load under any condition of use.
a. short-time duty b. varying duty c. continuous duty d. periodic duty

143. An overcurrent trip unit of a circuit shall be connected in series with each ______.
a. ungrounded conductor b. grounded conductor
c. overcurrent device d. transformer

144. Cable trays shall ______.

a. have side rails or equivalent structural members
b. not present sharp edges or burrs
c. have suitable strength and rigidity
a. I only b. I and II only c. III only d. I, II, and III

145. Over current protective devices shall be so selected and coordinated as to permit the circuit
protective devices used to clear a fault without the occurrence of extensive damage to the electrical
components of the circuit. This fault shall be assumed to be ________.
a. between any circuit conductor and the grounding conductor or enclosing metal raceway
b. between two or more of the circuit conductors
a. I only b. II only c. both I and II d. neither I nor II
146. For feeder supplying household cooking equipment and electric clothes dryers the maximum
unbalanced load on the neutral conductor shall be considered as ______ of the load on the
ungrounded conductors.
a. 40% b. 50% c. 70% d. 80%

147. Where a transformer or other devices is used to obtain a reduced voltage for the motor control
circuit and is located in the controller, such transformer or other devices shall be connected ________
for the motor control circuit.
a. to the load side of the disconnecting means
b. to the line side of the disconnecting means
a. I only b. II only c. either I or II d. neither I nor II

148. Messenger supported wiring shall not be used _______.

a. where subject to severe physical damage
b. in hoist ways
a. I only b. II only c. both I and II d. neither I nor II

149. Which choice is NOT a rule when sizing a device box?

a wire not spliced counts as one wire
b. a wire that terminates in a box counts as one wire
c. a wire contained within a box counts as one wire
d. all grounded wires count as one wire

150. When using a snap switch the ampere rating must be ___________ the
full-load current of the motor.
a. 115% above b. 2 times c. 125% above d. 15 amps over

151. According to PEC it is the acceptable voltage drop for the feeder
a. 2 % b. 3 % c. 5% d. 2.3 %

152. How many feet do you need to sufficiently ground to a water pipe?
a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20
153. In number of ohms, what is the benchmark for grounding resistance?
a. 65 b. 25 c. 40 d. 10

154. This type of wire should be used when grounding in corrosive environments:
a. copper b. brass c. aluminum d. none of the above

155. What type of electrical wire must be used to wire up a confinement building?
a. AU b. UF c. OF d none of the above

156. If an electric motor operates at 10 degrees hotter than normal what will happen?

a. It will let the smoke out

b. It will draw more power and blow a fuse
c. It will cook hotdogs while you wait
d. It will shorten its life by half

157. A switch in a room should be located how high?

a. High enough so that small children cannot reach them

b. Low enough so that you can reach them with your feet
c. A hammer handles length above the ground
d. 48 inches
158. Outlets should be placed...

a. 6-8 ft apart b. 12 in. from floor

c. Every 2 ft of wall space d. All of the above

159. What is the maximum percentage voltage drop allowable through an extension cord?

a. 1% b. 2% c. 4% d. 6%

160. When sizing the main for all buildings the demand factor for the residence is what percent?

a. 100% b. 75% c. 50% d. 25%

161. Intermittent operation in which the load conditions are regularly
a. short time duty b. continuous duty
c. periodic duty d. varying duty

162. A connecting to ground for one or more non-carrying metal parts of wiring system or apparatus
connected to the system
a. System ground b. system neutral ground
c. equipment ground d. capacitive ground

163. Another name for EMT is

a. Nonmetallic cable b. Flexible metallic cable
c. Conduit d. Armored clad cable

164. To decrease signal strength in strong signal areas, used a

a. splitter b. amplifier c. couples d. attenuator

165. The wire that is shielded is

a. flat twin lead b. foam-filled twin lead
c. coaxial d. all of the above

166. Which of the following wires has 75-ohm impedance?

a. flat twin lead b. foam-filled twin lead
c. coaxial d. all of the above

167. This refers to the circuit conductor between the service equipment and the branch overcurrent
device
a. service drop b. feeder c. service entrance d. secondary

168. The Building Code (PD 1096) of the Philippines has several referral codes. The only no-referral
code is
a. The Philippine Electrical Code b. Fire Code
c. Structural Code d. Chemical Engineering Code

169. Fuses, circuit breakers or combinations thereof shall NOT be connected in ________.
a. series b parallel c. both A and B d. neither A or B

170. Which of the following cables is NOT used as an electrical cable?

a. Flat cables b. Optical fiber cables c. Armored cables d. Steel cables

171. The grounding electrode for grounding communications systems may be connected to the
nearest accessible location on any of the following EXCEPT one. Which one is this?
a. Buried interior PVC water piping system
 b. Grounding electrode conductor
c. Building structure of a concrete building
d. Grounding terminal of service equipment if provided by the utility company

172. Wirings allowed to be installed outside buildings are enumerated below EXCEPT one. Which
one is this?
a. Type MC cable b. Flat conductor cable
c. Rigid metal conduit d. Open wires on insulators

173. It is generally not good practice to supply lamps and motors from the same circuit
because______.
I. it is more economical to operate motors on a higher voltage than that of a lighting circuit
II. overloads and short circuits are more common on motor circuits and would put the lights out
III. when a motor is started it would cause the lights to dim or blink
a.. I only b. II only c. III only d. I, II and III

174. For each 2-wire laundry branch circuit, a feeder load of NOT less than _____ shall be included.
a. 1,800 VA b. 1,500 VA c. 2,000 VA d. 1,200 VA