Step 2 CS Differential Diagnoses

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1. Headache 5. Dizziness Meniere's disease

Orthostatic hypotension
Drugs vs fluids
Benign Positional Vertigo
Vestibular Neuronitis
Labyrinthitis
6. LOC Seizure, grand mal
Cluster headache Vasovagal
Migraine Cardiac arrhythmia
*memory = a cluster of bombs dropped Drug/orthostatic
on ONE side of your head leads to a Convulsive syncope
UNILATERAL headache Aortic stenosis
*cluster of bombs = think of Blitzkreig 7. Numbness/Weakness TIA
ergo hurts real bad but for 15 min or 3 Stroke
hours only (short) Guillain Barre
MS
Tension Headache = a belt is wrapped DM peripheral
around your head and you increase the Myasthenia Gravis
tension therefore BILATERAL headache Todds Paralysis
8. Fatigue Depression
Meningitis
PTSD
SAH
Colon Cancer
Pseudotumor Cerebri
Hypothyroid
Temporal Arteritis
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
Sinusitis
Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Sleep deprivation
2. Confusion/Memory Hypoglycemia
9. Night sweats TB
Loss Vit B12 deficiency
HIV
Hypothyroidism
lymphoma
Depression with pseudodementia
Leukemia
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Hyperthyroid
Vascular Dementia (Vascular Multi
Infarct Dementia) 10. Insomnia Stress
Sundural Hematoma OSA
Alzheimer's MDD
Creutzfeld-Jakob 11. Sore throat Mono
3. Depression Bereavement HIV
MDD Pharyngitis
Bipolar I 12. Cough/SOB Asthma
Bipolar II COPD
4. Psychosis Schizophrenia Pneumonia
Substance induced Atypical pneumonia
Schizoaffective Lung Cancer
Brief Psychotic Disorder TB
Psychosis sec. medical CHF
Narcolepsy HIV
Seizure ACE inhibitors
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dysnea
13. Chest pain MI 19. Abdominal Pain Pancreatic Cancer
SSA - pulm infarction Acute Pancreatitis
GERD Acute Cholecystitis
Angina Ascending Cholangitis
Pericarditis Acute Hepatitis
Costochodritis PUD
PE Perforated ulcer
Aortic dissection Splenic rupture
Cocaine induced Intestinal Obstruction
Mesenteric Ischemia
14. Palpitations Cardiac
Ovarian Torsion
Hyperthyroid
Diverticulitis
Panic
Appendicitis
Pheo
IBS
Carcinoid
PID
Angina
Ca Stomach
15. Weight loss Hyperthyroid Func. Dyspepsia
Cancer
20. Constipation/Diarrhea Diarrhea
HIV
-Crohns
Diet
-Ulcerativecolitis
Drugs
-infectious diarrhea (C diff, Travelers
Anorexia
diarrhea)
Malabsorption
-Lactose Intolerance
16. Weight gain Smoking cessation -IBS
Drugs (Lithium)
Hypothyroid Constipation
Cushings -Low fiber diet
PCOS -Colorectal cancer
DM
21. Upper GI Bleed Mallory Weiss
Atypical depression
Varices
Familial
Gastritis
Pregnancy
Peptic ulcer disease
17. Dysphagia Esophageal cancer Cancer
Plummer-Vinson
22. Blood in Stool Insanely bad Varices (so much
Achalasia
blood it bleeds all the way down)
Esophagitis
Crohns
18. Nausea/Vomiting Pregnancy Ulcerative Colitis
Gastritis Diverticulosis
Hypercalcemia Hemorrhoids
DM Angiodysplasia
UTI Ischemic Bowel
Infection - Gatroenteroritis Dysentery
Obstruction Colon Cancer
23. Hematuria Policystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
Glomerulonephritis
Pyelonephritis
Nephrolithiasis
Coagulation disorder
Bladder Cancer
Renal cell carcinoma
24. Other BPH 31. Joint/Limb pain RA
Urinary Sx Prostate CA SLE
Urethritis Domestic Violence
Acute Pyelonephritis Carpal Tunnel
Bladder stone Psoriatic Arthritis
Fracture
25. Erectile Drugs
dislocation
Dysfunction HTN
OA
DM
Septic Arthitis
Psychogenic
Stress Frac
Peyronie's disease (induratio penis plastica
inflammation
(IPP) or chronic inflammation of the tunica
PVD
albuginea (CITA)) - connective tissue disorder
DVT
involving the growth of fibrous plaques
MI
26. Amenorrhea Pregnancy Rhabdomyolysis
PCOS
32. Lower Back Pain Disk herniation
Prolactinoma
Lumbar muscle strain
Menopause
Lumbar spinal
Sheehan's
stenosis
Anorexia
Malingering
Anxiety
Ankylosing
Asherman's
Spondylitis
Hypothyroid
Cancer
27. Vaginal Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding AAA
Bleeding Endometrial Cancer
33. Child with fever Sepsis
Cervical Cancer
Meningitis
Spontaneous Abortion
Pneumonia
Ectopic Pregnancy/Rupture
UTI
Trauma
OM
Endometrial Hyperplasia
URI
Molar Pregnancy
Viral exanthem
Ruptured Uterine Pregnancy
Gastroenteritis
28. Vaginal Bacterial Vaginosis Volvulus
Discharge Vaginitis (trich vs candida) Intussueption
Cervicitis Food poisoning
29. Dyspareunia Atrophic vaginitis 34. Behavioral problems ADHD
(painful Endometriosis Adjustment disorder
intercourse) Cervicitis ODD
Depression Childhood BPD
Domestic Abuse Substance abuse
Vaginismus Age appropriate
PID behavior
Abuse
35. Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Anal fissure
Depression
Associations/DDX Hemorrhoid
Vulvo vaginitis
Diverticulosis
Vulvo dynia
MI
30. Abuse Domestic Violence Angiodysplasia
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Upper GIB
Substance abuse IBD
Rape
Consensual violent sex
36. Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Associations/DDX Crohn's 45. Aortic Dissection Associations/DDX MI
Proctitis Pericarditis
Anal fissure Esophageal rupture
Hemorrhoid Esophageal spasm
Diverticulosis GERD
Dysentery Pancreatitis
Fat emboli
37. Divertivulosis Associations/ DDX Anal fissure
Hemorrhoid 46. Neonatal Sepsis Associations/ DDX Meningitis
Angiodysplasia PNA
CRC UTI
38. Myocardial Infarction (MI) GERD 47. Acute Otitis Media (AOM) URI
Associations/DDX Angina Associations/DDX Meningitis
Costochondritis UTI
Aortic
48. Measles Associations/DDX Rubella
dissection
Roseola
Pericarditis
Fifth disease
PE
Varicella
Pneumothorax
Scarlet fever
39. Sickle Cell Crisis Associations/DDX PNA Meningitis
PE
49. Gastroenteritis Associations/ DDX Food poisoning
MI
UTI
Pneumothorax
URI
Aortic
Volvulus
dissection
Intussusception
40. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder Esophagitis
50. Asthma Associations/DDX GERD
(GERD) Associations/DDX PUD
Bronchitis
Esophageal
Pneumonitis
spasm
Foreign body
MI
Angina 51. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Bronchiectasis
Disease (COPD) Associations/DDX Lung Ca
41. Angina Associations/DDX Esophageal
TB
spasm
Esophagitis 52. Pneumonia (PNA) Associations/DDX COPD exacerbation
Lung abscess
42. Pericarditis Associations/DDX Aortic
Lung cancer
dissection
TB
MI
Pericarditis
Costochondritis
GERD 53. Atypical Pneumonia (aPNA) Reactive Airway
Esophageal Associations/DDX Disease (RAD)
rupture URI-associated
(postinfectious)
43. Costochondritis Associations/ DDX PNA
cough
MI
Postnasal drip
PE
GERD
Pericarditis
Muscle strain 54. Lung Cancer Associations/DDX TB
Abscess
44. Pulmonary Embolism (PE) PNA
COPD
Associations/DDX Costochondritis
Vasculitis
MI
Interstitial lung
CHF
disease
Aortic
CHF
dissection
55. COPD Exacerbation Associations/DDX Lung cancer
PNA
URI
CHF
56. Tuberculosis (TB) Associations/DDX PNA (incl PCP)
Abscess
Vasculitis
Lymphoma
Metastatic cancer
HIV/AIDS
Sarcoidosis

PNA (incl PCP)

Bronchitis
CHF
Asthma
Acute HIV
57. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Associations/DDX Cardiac valvular disease
GERD
Pulmonary fibrosis
COPD
Postnasal drip
58. Migraine Associations/DDX Tension
Cluster
Pseudotumor
Trigeminal neuralgia
CNS vasculitis
Partial seizure
Intracranial neoplasm
59. Cluster Headache Associations/DDX Migraine
Tension
Sinusitis
Pseudotumor
Trigeminal neuralgia
Brain tumor