POSITIVES

Gs2

Pa,v Pa
Gb1 Gs1
UHorizontal
Point for moment calculation
Pa,h
Gs3
dd,base side
Pp,h Gb2

Pp Pp,v

ULS PERM - Combination 1 ULS PERM - Combination 2 ULS ACCI

CALCULATION OF FORCES (BASE) CALCULATION OF FORCES (BASE) CALCULATION OF FORCES (BASE)
297.5 kN/m Gb1 Wall dead weight 297.5 kN/m Gb1 Wall dead weight 297.5 kN/m Gb1 Wall dead weight

771.4 kN/m Gs1 Soil dead weight over the heel length 771.4 kN/m Gs1 Soil dead weight over the heel length 771.4 kN/m Gs1 Soil dead weight over the heel length

4.8 kN/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe) 4.8 kN/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe) 4.8 kN/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe)
Vertical 1085.1 kN/m Vertical 1084.3 kN/m Vertical 1086.3 kN/m
-51.5 kN/m -Gw Water thrust -51.5 kN/m -Gw Water thrust -51.5 kN/m -Gw Water thrust

62.9 kN/m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure 62.2 kN/m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure 64.1 kN/m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.0 kN/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure 0.0 kN/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure 0.0 kN/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

11.0 kN/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 11.0 kN/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 11.0 kN/m Uhorizontal Water pressure

148.4 kN/m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 159.5 kN/m 175.5 kN/m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 186.5 kN/m 166.6 kN/m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 177.7 kN/m
0.0 kN/m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure 0.0 kN/m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure 0.0 kN/m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT O) CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT O) CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT O)

-716.6 kNm/m Gb1 Wall dead weight -716.6 kNm/m Gb1 Wall dead weight -716.6 kNm/m Gb1 Wall dead weight

-3162.7 kNm/m G Soil dead weight over the heel length -3162.7 kNm/m G Soil dead weight over the heel length -3162.7 kNm/m G Soil dead weight over the heel length
s1 s1 s1

-1.2 kNm/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe) -1.2 kNm/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe) -1.2 kNm/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe)
Vertical Vertical Vertical
240.3 kNm/m -Gw Water thrust 240.3 kNm/m -Gw Water thrust 240.3 kNm/m -Gw Water thrust

-440.6 kNm/m P
av
Vertical design active soil pressure -3680.3 kNm/m -435.2 kNm/m P
av
Vertical design active soil pressure -3594.8 kNm/m -448.7 kNm/m P
av
Vertical design active soil pressure -3640.0 kNm/m
0.0 kNm/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

5.5 kNm/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 5.5 kNm/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 5.5 kNm/m Uhorizontal Water pressure

394.9 kNm/m P
ah
Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 475.0 kNm/m P
ah
Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 443.4 kNm/m P
ah
Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal
0.0 kNm/m P Horizontal design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m P Horizontal design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m P Horizontal design passive soil pressure
ph ph ph

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT BASE CENTRE) CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT BASE CENTRE) CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT BASE CENTRE)

324.6 kNm/m G Wall dead weight 324.6 kNm/m G Wall dead weight 324.6 kNm/m G Wall dead weight
b1 b1 b1

-462.8 kNm/m G Soil dead weight over the heel length -462.8 kNm/m G Soil dead weight over the heel length -462.8 kNm/m G Soil dead weight over the heel length
s1 s1 s1

15.4 kNm/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe) 15.4 kNm/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe) 15.4 kNm/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe)
Vertical Vertical Vertical
60.1 kNm/m -Gw Water thrust 60.1 kNm/m -Gw Water thrust 60.1 kNm/m -Gw Water thrust

-220.3 kNm/m P
av
Vertical design active soil pressure 117.5 kNm/m -217.6 kNm/m P
av
Vertical design active soil pressure 200.3 kNm/m -224.4 kNm/m P
av
Vertical design active soil pressure 161.8 kNm/m
0.0 kNm/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

5.5 kNm/m U Water pressure 5.5 kNm/m U Water pressure 5.5 kNm/m U Water pressure
horizontal horizontal horizontal

394.9 kNm/m P
ah
Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 475.0 kNm/m P
ah
Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal 443.4 kNm/m P
ah
Horizontal design active soil pressure Horizontal
0.0 kNm/m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure 0.0 kNm/m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

CALCULATION OF HORIZONTAL FORCES (STEM WALL) CALCULATION OF HORIZONTAL FORCES (STEM WALL) CALCULATION OF HORIZONTAL FORCES (STEM WALL)

1.2 kN/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 1.2 kN/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 1.2 kN/m Uhorizontal Water pressure
Horizontal 199.2 kN/m Horizontal 238.6 kN/m Horizontal 219.1 kN/m
198.0 kN/m P0h Horizontal design at rest soil pressure 237.4 kN/m P0h Horizontal design at rest soil pressure 217.8 kN/m P0h Horizontal design at rest soil pressure

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (STEM WALL) CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (STEM WALL) CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (STEM WALL)

0.2 kNm/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 0.2 kNm/m Uhorizontal Water pressure 0.2 kNm/m Uhorizontal Water pressure
Horizontal 463.3 kNm/m Horizontal 555.4 kNm/m Horizontal 509.8 kNm/m
463.1 kNm/m P0h Horizontal design at rest soil pressure 555.2 kNm/m P0h Horizontal design at rest soil pressure 509.6 kNm/m P0h Horizontal design at rest soil pressure
 GEOMETRICAL DATA
1.00 m H1 Base height
7.00 m H2 Wall height
1.50 m H3 Soil height above
0.70 m B1 Stem wall thickness
0.50 m B2 Toe width
5.80 m B3 Heel width
Height of any mass concrete or other material provided at the
0.00 m Hmass back of the wall
Width of any mass concrete or other material provided at the back
0.00 m Bmass of the wall
Groundwater level above the moment calculation point at the end
1.50 m Hwater back of the heel
Groundwater level above the moment calculation point at the
0.00 m Hwater front front of the toe
Precast Base side concrete type
Precast Wall concrete type
Ground Base
Fill_material Base side Soil in contact with:
Fill_material Wall
0.0° β Slope
1.50 m L Length of the foundation
Himprovement Heigh of any imporvement layer (provisional/if any)
Ground lowering in front of the wall in ULS to anticipate for
0.50 m Δa excavation in front of the wall etc.
BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.3.2.2

This is the same with H3 but is used to calculate the overburden

1.00 m H'3 pressure from the ground (in case we want to account the soil for
surcharge but not for passive resistance

Angle of the line joining the end of the heel with the top of the
50.4° a stem wall
PD 6694:2011 § Figure 1

8.00 m H Total height of the virtual back

0.50 m H4 Height of ground above the toe

8.00 m Htot Total height of the retaining wall
7.00 m B Total width

MATERIAL PARAMETERS
RETAINING WALL
25.0 kN/m³ γk,wall Characteristic weight density of wall material BS EN 1991-1-1:2002 § Table A.1

WATER
9.8 kN/m³ γk,water Characteristic weight density of water BS EN 1991-1-1:2002 § Table A.7

SOIL PARAMETERS
FILL MATERIAL
Engineered_fill Ground type Used for the calculation of the weight
density according to BS 8002:2015 § Figure
Coarse fill Ground description 1 &2.

35.0° Initial value for critical state effective angle of shearing resistance BS 8002:2015 § 4.3.1.3.5

0.0° φ'ang Contribution to φ'cv,k from the angularity of particles

BS 8002:2015 § Table 1
0.0° φ'PSD Contribution to φ'cv,k from the soil's particle size distribution

35.0° φ'cv,k Characteristic critical state effective angle of shearing resistance BS 8002:2015 § 4.3.1.3.5

19.0 kN/m³
�_(𝑘,𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑙)^(𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟)
19.0 kN/m³ Characteristic weight density above the groundwater table BS 8002:2015 § Figure 1

PARTIAL FACTORS FOR ULS (EQU)

BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 2.4.7.3.4.2

PARTIAL FACTORS ON SOIL PARAMETERS NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004

+A1:2013 § TABLE A.NA.2

1.10 γφ'
NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004

Partial factor for Angle of shearing resistance

+A1:2013 § TABLE A.NA.2

1.10 γc' Partial factor for Effective cohesion

1.20 γcu Partial factor for Undrained shear strength

1.20 γqu Partial factor for Unconfined strength

1.00 γγ Weight density

PARTIAL FACTORS FOR ULS (STR/GEO) BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 2.4.7.3.4.2

COMBINATION 1 (A1+M1+R1)
 PARTIAL FACTORS FOR SOIL PARAMETERS (M1) NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004+A1:2013
§ TABLE A.NA.4

1.00 γφ'

NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004
Partial factor for Angle of shearing resistance

+A1:2013 § TABLE A.NA.4

1.00 γc' Partial factor for Effective cohesion

1.00 γcu Partial factor for Undrained shear strength

1.00 γqu Partial factor for Unconfined strength

1.00 γγ Weight density

PARTIAL RESISTANCE FACTORS (R1) NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004+A1:2013
§ TABLE A.NA.13

1.00 γR,v Bearing capacity

+A1:2013 § TABLE
NA+A1:2014 to BS
EN 1997:2004
A.NA.13
1.00 γR,h Sliding resistance

1.00 γR,e Earth resistamce

PARTIAL FACTORS FOR ULS (STR/GEO) BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 2.4.7.3.4.2

COMBINATION 2 (A2+M2+R1)
PARTIAL FACTORS FOR SOIL PARAMETERS (M2) NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004+A1:2013
§ TABLE A.NA.4

1.25 γφ'

NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004
Partial factor for Angle of shearing resistance

+A1:2013 § TABLE A.NA.4

1.25 γc' Partial factor for Effective cohesion

1.40 γcu Partial factor for Undrained shear strength

1.40 γqu Partial factor for Unconfined strength

1.00 γγ Weight density

PARTIAL FACTORS FOR ULS (ACCIDENTAL)

BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 2.4.7.3.4.2

PARTIAL FACTORS ON ACTIONS NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004+A1:2013

§ TABLE A.NA.1

PARTIAL FACTORS FOR SOIL PARAMETERS (M2) NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004+A1:2013

§ TABLE A.NA.4

1.12 γφ'

NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004
Partial factor for Angle of shearing resistance

+A1:2013 § TABLE A.NA.4

1.12 γc' Partial factor for Effective cohesion

1.18 γcu Partial factor for Undrained shear strength

1.18 γqu Partial factor for Unconfined strength

1.00 γγ Weight density

OTHER PARTIAL FACTORS

Model factor for earth pressure coefficients Ka and Ko for BS 8002:2015 § 4.5.2.1.3 / PD 6694-
unfavourable pressure at all ultimate limit states. (not to be 1:2011§ 4.7
1.20 γsd,k
applied to surcharge)

CALCULATION OF FORCES
UNFACTORED Symbol Description

122.5 kN/m Gb1 Wall dead weight

175.0 kN/m Gb2 Base dead weight

771.4 kN/m Gs1 Soil dead weight over the heel length Vertical
4.8 kN/m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe)

-51.5 kN/m -Gw Water thrust

11.0 kN/m Uhorizontal,base Water pressure for base Horizontal

1.2 kN/m Uhorizontal,stem Water pressure for stem Horizontal for stem

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS ABOUT O

MOMENT LEVER ARM Symbol Description

-104.13 kNm 0.85 m Gb1 Wall dead weight

-612.50 kNm 3.50 m Gb2 Base dead weight

-3162.74 kNm 4.10 m Gs1 Soil dead weight over the heel length Vertical
-1.19 kNm 0.25 m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe)

240.35 kNm 4.67 m -Gw Water thrust

5.52 kNm 0.50 m Uhorizontal Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS ABOUT BASE CENTRE

MOMENT LEVER ARM Symbol Description
 324.63 kNm 2.65 m Gb1 Wall dead weight

0.00 kNm 0.00 m Gb2 Base dead weight

-462.84 kNm -0.60 m Gs1 Soil dead weight over the heel length Vertical
15.44 kNm 3.25 m Gs3 Soil dead weight (above toe)

60.09 kNm -1.17 m -Gw Water thrust

5.52 kNm 0.50 m Uhorizontal Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF HORIZONTAL FORCES (STEM WALL)

0.20 kNm 0.17 m Water pressure For stem wall Horizontal

COMBINATION 1 (A1+M1+R1)
CALCULATION OF MATERIAL DESIGN PARAMETERS

RETAINING WALL
25.0 kN/m³ γd,wall Design weight density of the retaining wall material BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § 2.4.6.2

WATER
9.8 kN/m³ γd,mass Design weight density of the material of the mass BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § 2.4.6.2

CALCULATION OF SOIL DESIGN PARAMETERS

FILL MATERIAL
35.0° φ'cv,d Design critical state effective angle of shearing resistance NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004
+A1:2013 § Table A.NA.2 Note A

19.0 kN/m³ �_(𝑘,𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑙)^(𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) Design weight density above the groundwater table BS 8002:2015 § Figure 1

23.3° δd,base side

Characteristic friction coefficient BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 6.5.3(10)
23.3° δd,wall
1.00 OCR Over-consolidation ratio BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.5.2

K0,β Coefficient of at rest earth pressure for ground slopes upwards from
0.426 the wall at an angle β ≤ φ'
BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.5.2

0.244 Kah,d, fill Coefficient of active earth pressure PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

0.335 Kh,d, fill Coefficient of intermediate earth pressure PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

Kph,d, fill Coefficient of passive earth pressure BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § Annex C.1

23.3° Inclination of the passive loading

62.5° ψ Angle of the critical inclined virtual plane (for more see reference) PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

CALCULATION OF FORCES
UNFACTORED

62.94 kN Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kN Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

145.90 kN Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

Horizontal
0.00 kN Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

2.53 kN Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF FORCES FOR STEM WALL
UNFACTORED

197.98 kN P0h,stem Horizontal design at-rest soil pressure

Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT O)
MOMENT LEVER ARM

-440.56 kNm 7.00 m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.00 m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

394.92 kNm 2.67 m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

Horizontal
0.00 kNm 0.50 m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Horizontal
CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT THE CENTER OF THE BASE)
MOMENT LEVER ARM

-220.28 kNm 3.50 m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm -3.50 m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

394.92 kNm 2.67 m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.50 m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Horizontal
 CALCULATION OF MOMENTS FOR STEM WALL
MOMENT LEVER ARM

463.08 kNm 2.33 m P0h,stem Horizontal design at-rest soil pressure

Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

COMBINATION 2 (A2+M2+R1)
CALCULATION OF MATERIAL DESIGN PARAMETERS

RETAINING WALL
25.0 kN/m³ γd,wall Design weight density of the retaining wall material BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § 2.4.6.2

WATER
9.8 kN/m³ γd,mass Design weight density of the material of the mass BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § 2.4.6.2

CALCULATION OF SOIL DESIGN PARAMETERS

FILL MATERIAL
29.3° φ'cv,d Design critical state effective angle of shearing resistance NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004
+A1:2013 § Table A.NA.2 Note A

19.0 kN/m³ �_(𝑘,𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑙)^(𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) Design weight density above the groundwater table BS 8002:2015 § Figure 1

19.5° δd,base side

Characteristic friction coefficient BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 6.5.3(10)
19.5° δd,wall
1.00 OCR Over-consolidation ratio BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.5.2

K0,β Coefficient of at rest earth pressure for ground slopes upwards from
0.511 the wall at an angle β ≤ φ'
BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.5.2

0.294 Kah,d, fill Coefficient of active earth pressure PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

0.403 Kh,d, fill Coefficient of intermediate earth pressure PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

Kph,d, fill Coefficient of passive earth pressure BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § Annex C.1

19.5° Inclination of the passive loading

59.6° ψ Angle of the critical inclined virtual plane (for more see reference) PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

CALCULATION OF FORCES
UNFACTORED

62.16 kN Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kN Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

175.51 kN Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kN Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF FORCES FOR STEM WALL
UNFACTORED

237.38 kN P0h,stem Horizontal design at-rest soil pressure

Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT O)
MOMENT LEVER ARM

-435.15 kNm 7.00 m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.00 m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

475.05 kNm 2.67 m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.50 m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Horizontal
CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT THE CENTER OF THE BASE)
MOMENT LEVER ARM

-217.58 kNm 3.50 m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm -3.50 m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

475.05 kNm 2.67 m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.50 m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Horizontal
CALCULATION OF MOMENTS FOR STEM WALL
MOMENT LEVER ARM

555.24 kNm 2.33 m P0h,stem Horizontal design at-rest soil pressure

Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

ACCIDENTAL COMBINATION
 CALCULATION OF MATERIAL DESIGN PARAMETERS

RETAINING WALL
25.0 kN/m³ γd,wall Design weight density of the retaining wall material BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § 2.4.6.2

WATER
9.8 kN/m³ γd,mass Design weight density of the material of the mass BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § 2.4.6.2

CALCULATION OF SOIL DESIGN PARAMETERS

FILL MATERIAL
32.1° φ'cv,d Design critical state effective angle of shearing resistance NA+A1:2014 to BS EN 1997:2004
+A1:2013 § Table A.NA.2 Note A

19.0 kN/m³ �_(𝑘,𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑙)^(𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟) Design weight density above the groundwater table BS 8002:2015 § Figure 1

21.4° δd,base side

Characteristic friction coefficient BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 6.5.3(10)
21.4° δd,wall
1.00 OCR Over-consolidation ratio BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.5.2

K0,β Coefficient of at rest earth pressure for ground slopes upwards from
0.469 the wall at an angle β ≤ φ'
BS EN 1997-1:2004+A1:2013 § 9.5.2

0.274 Kah,d, fill Coefficient of active earth pressure PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

0.372 Kh,d, fill Coefficient of intermediate earth pressure PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

Kph,d, fill Coefficient of passive earth pressure BS EN 1997:2004 +A1:2013 § Annex C.1

21.4° Inclination of the passive loading

61.0° ψ Angle of the critical inclined virtual plane (for more see reference) PD 6694:2011 § 7.2.3

CALCULATION OF FORCES
UNFACTORED

64.10 kN Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kN Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

163.80 kN Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kN Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

2.84 kN Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF FORCES FOR STEM WALL
UNFACTORED

217.85 kN P0h,stem Horizontal design at-rest soil pressure

Pav,water relief Water pressure Horizontal

CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT O)
MOMENT LEVER ARM

-448.72 kNm 7.00 m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.00 m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

443.37 kNm 2.67 m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.50 m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Horizontal
CALCULATION OF MOMENTS (ABOUT THE CENTER OF THE BASE)
MOMENT LEVER ARM

-224.36 kNm 3.50 m Pav Vertical design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm -3.50 m Ppv Vertical design passive soil pressure

443.37 kNm 2.67 m Pah Horizontal design active soil pressure

0.00 kNm 0.50 m Pph Horizontal design passive soil pressure

Horizontal
CALCULATION OF MOMENTS FOR STEM WALL
MOMENT LEVER ARM

509.55 kNm 2.33 m P0h,stem Horizontal design at-rest soil pressure