EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE 11

FIRST SEMESTER

MULTIPLE CHOICE: CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CAPITAL LETTER OF THE CORRECT ANSWER. NO ERASURES PLEASE.
1. Which of the following statements best describes how the planets of the solar system formed?
A They are condensed rings of matter thrown off by the young Sun.
B They are the remains of an exploded star once paired with the Sun.
C The Sun captured them from smaller, older nearby stars.
D They formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas.
2. As part of the modern theory of the origins of the elements, it is hypothesized that before the formation of the stars, most of the matter in
the universe consisted of what atoms?
A hydrogen and helium C silicon and lithium
B nitrogen and carbon D uranium and radium
3. It is generally true that igneous rock.
A contain primarily evaporites. C normally contains fossils
B can be scratched with a penny. D is composed of silicate minerals
4. Relative cooling rates of igneous intrusive rocks can be estimated by comparing rocks’
A crystal sizes. C density.
B composition. D chemical reactivity.
5. Earthquake vibrations are detected, measured, and recorded by instruments called
A sonargraphs. C Richter scales
B seismographs. D magnetometers
6. The solid part of the Earth that consists of all rock, and the soils and sediments on Earth's surface, is the .
A. lithosphere C. geosphere
B. asthenosphere D. biosphere
7. Earth's thin outer layer, the , is made almost entirely of light elements.
A. Core C. mantle
B. Crust D. surface
8. What forms when an igneous rock is exposed to heat and pressure?
A. Magma C. sedimentary rock
B. Sediment D. metamorphic rock
9. Which best describes the relationship between the earth's four spheres?
A. System C. separate
B. Isolated D. unchanging
10. The is a plastic, solid layer of mantle made of rock that flows very slowly and allows tectonic plates to move on top of it.
A. Biosphere C. lithosphere
C. hydrosphere D. asthenosphere
11. Which shows each of the following layers in order from the outermost layer?

A. mantle, outer core, crust, and inner core C. crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
B. inner core, outer core, crust, and mantle D. mantle, crust, outer core, inner core
12. A rock is pictured below. Which type of rock is it most likely?

A. Igneous C. metamorphic
B. sedimentary
13. Recognizing that the lithosphere is divided into ridge plates that move over the , is the foundation of the plate tectonic theory.
A. Biosphere D. lithosphere
B. Atmosphere E. asthenosphere
C. hydrosphere
14. What is the only liquid layer of the earth?
A. Lithosphere D. Mesosphere
B. Asthenosphere E. Inner Core
C. Outer Core
15. Earth science is the study of the Earth and its surrounding universe.
A. True B. False
 16. The layer of the earth that contains most of the earth's mass is the
A. Crust C. mantle
B. Asthenosphere D. core
17. The Earth's heat originated from
A. gravitation coalescence C. radioactive decay
B. the sun D. all of the above
18. Why would the Earth be looked upon as a system?
A. Due to the earth being complex D. Due to earth being a huge planet
B. Due to earth's density being different throughout E. None of the above
C. As one aspect changes, another aspect responds to that change
19. The is the least dense layer of the earth.
A. Core C. ocean
B. Mantle D. crust
20. About how long ago was the Earth formed?
A. 4.5 million years C. 4.5 billion years
B. 45 million years
21. Why is the core so much denser than the crust and mantle on Earth?
A. Large percentage of brick D. Large percentage of silicon
B. Large percentage of iron E. None of the above
C. Large percentage of molten lava
22. When dealing with the density of each layer of Earth, put the layers in order from highest density to lowest density?
A. core, crust, mantle D. core, mantle, crust
B. mantle, crust, core E. none of the above
C. crust, core, mantle
23. The inner planets are composed mostly of which materials?
A. rocks and minerals C. land and clouds
B. dust and gas
24. Look at the two rock samples below.

Which statement is true for both rocks?

A. Both samples exhibit foliated texture. C. Both samples were formed organically.
B. Both samples were formed intrusively. D. Both samples are mafic in composition.
25. Rock that is composed of rounded gravel-sized fragments, or pebbles.
A. Marble C. Granite
B. Breccia D. Conglomerate
26. The outer planets are composed mostly of which materials?
A. rocks and minerals C. gases and liquid heavy metals
B. land and clouds
27. The type of metamorphism this rock undergoes occurs due to the pressure and heat from the movement of one tectonic plate against
another.
A. Concrete Metamorphism C. Tectonic Metamorphism
B. Contact Metamorphism D. Regional Metamorphism
28. A collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity are called .
A. Nebula C. Cluster
B. Quasar D. Galaxy
29. The first elements made after the Big Bang were?
A. Hydrogen & Helium C. Helium & Oxygen
B. Hydrogen & Lithium D. Helium & Argon
30. Which statement correctly describes the theory of the "Big Bang"?
A. The universe is in an unchanging steady state. C. All matter and energy once exploded out of a single point.
B. The universe is composed of only energy and no matter. D. Little explosions happen all over the universe creating matter and energy.
31. It takes the Earth one day or 24 hours to rotate.
A. True B. False
32. An inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal structure and a characteristic set of physical
properties is a/an:
A. element C. radioactive waste
B. mineral D. nuclear fusion
33. During the 1800s, miners needed to be able to tell real gold from another mineral, pyrite. To tell them apart, the miners would bite the
mineral they found. If they saw a bite mark in the mineral, they knew it was real gold. What property were they testing?
A. cleavage C. hardness
B. luster D. streak color
34. When a mineral breaks along preferred planes, it is said to have .
A. Fracture C. breakage
B. cleavage D. hardness
35. is the color left behind when a mineral is scratched on a white tile.
A. color C. luster
B. streak D. hardness
36. The mineral galena tends to break into perfect cubes. Which mineral property does this describe?
A. fracture C. crystal habit
B. cleavage D. specific gravity
37. The way a surface (of a mineral) reflects light. Either metallic or nonmetallic.
A. cleavage C. luster
B. streak
38. Hardness is a property that helps identify minerals. Scientists use a scale of 1-10 to show the hardness of a mineral. What number would
be given to the hardest?
A. 10 C. 1
B. 5 D. 0
39. Rock that is composed of angular gravel-sized fragments, or pebbles.
A. Marble C. Granite
B. Breccia D. Conglomerate
40. The lithosphere is the outermost, cool, hard and strong layer of the
A. Core C. geosphere
B. mantle D. hydrosphere
41. What is the core made of?
A. Iron D. Iron and Nickel
B. Aluminum E. Both a and c
C. Steel
42. These are the two main groups that all minerals can be classified into.
A. Crystalline and Noncrystalline C. Igneous and Metamorphic
B. Quartz and Granite D. Silicate and Nonsilicate
43. None of the above
. The lithosphere is made up of the
A. Mantle D. Crust and upper mantle
B. Crust E. None of the above
C. Core
44. What would you call the study of everything in the universe?
A. Astrology D. Cosmology
B. Astronomy E. Anthology
45. It is sometimes called minor planets, are small rocky worlds, most of which orbit the sun in a belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
A. Meteors D. Kuiper belt
B. Asteroids E. Comets
46. A boundary beyond which water vapor could freeze to form ice particles..
A. Ice line C. Condensation sequence
B. Condensation
47. The atmosphere helps support life on earth by:
A. providing oxygen D. regulating the temperature
B. protecting from solar radiation E. all of the above
48. Which of the following is almost certain to happen as our Earth's climate changes?
A. the moon will increase its gravitational pull D. the ocean will dry out
B. humans will run out of fossil fuels to use E. average global temperatures will rise
49. Oceanic crust is than continental crust
A. thicker D. the same depth
B. thinner
50. Continental crust is
A. denser and more rigid than oceanic crust D. thicker than oceanic crust
B. floats on top of the oceanic crust E. younger than the oceanic crust