Solid and Liquid Waste Management

1(SLWM) is one of the key components of

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM)(G), launched with the objective of bringing improvement in
cleanliness, hygiene and the general quality of life in rural areas.This document presents a
basic, quick introduction to Solid Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) in rural areas. The
documentis geared,particularly for district administrators to helpfocus on SLWM along with
Open Defecation Free(ODF)activities.
1.
What is Waste?
Waste is any item beyond use in its current form and discarded as unwanted. It can be solid
or liquid with respective management methods.

rural areas, examples of solid waste include wastes from kitchens, gardens, cattle sheds,
agriculture,and materials such as metal, paper, plastic, cloth,and son. They are organic and
inorganic materials with no remaining economic value to the owner produced by homes,
commercial and industrial establishments.

Pit procedures

the pit lane at every circuit is divided into two lanes. The lane closest to the pit wall is known as the ‘fast
lane’, whilst the lane closest to the garages is the ‘inner lane’.

 he FIA allocate garages and an area in the pit lane to the teams on a strictly equal basis.

 Within these designated garage areas is one position - or pit box - where pit stops may be
carried out during practice sessions, qualifying and the race.

 Apart from drying or sweeping, or by laying tyre rubber when cars leave, teams are forbidden
from improving the grip of their pit-stop position.

 Personnel are only allowed in the pit lane immediately before a pit stop and must withdraw to
their garages as soon as their work is complete.

 No powered device may be used to lift any part of a car in the pit lane during a race.
 It is the team's responsibility to release a car from its stop only when it is safe to do so.

Tannins: Classification, Properties and

Chemical Tests
Tannins are naturally occurring complex organic compounds possessing nitrogen free polyphenols of
high molecular weight. They form colloidal solution with water giving acid reactions. They also
precipitate proteins and alkaloids. The astringent in nature of tannins is due to the fact that they can
precipitate proteins and render them resistant to enzymatic attack. When applied on a wound or injury,
tannins form a protective coating so as to prevent external irritation and thus promote healing.

Procedure (for water-soluble phenols)

The iron (III) chloride test for phenols is not completely reliable for acidic phenols, but can be
administered by dissolving 15 mg of the unknown compound in 0.5 mL of water or water-alcohol mixture
and add 1 to 2 drops of 1% aqueous iron (III) chloride solution.

Positive Test
A red, blue, green, or purple color is a positive test.

Cleaning up
Since the quantity of material is extremely small, the test solution can be diluted with water and flushed
down the drain.
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