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adhyayana uthsavam
These dhivya prabandhams were greatly appreciated by our AchAryas and especially
SrI rAmAnuja ushered in a new era of our sampradhAyam which fully focussed on
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understanding the meanings of the dhivya prabandhams and living by it. SrI rAmAnuja’s
1000th birth anniversary is approaching us soon in May 2017. To commemorate this
most glorious and auspicious occasion, we are providing simple translation of the
dhivya prabandhams in our http://divyaprabandham.koyil.org website. These
translations are done fully based on pUrvAchArya vyAkyAnams.
We pray to SrIman nArAyaNan, AzhwArs and AchAryas to guide us in this effort and
make this kainkaryam a successful one which will benefit SrIvaishNavas of different
regions (who are familiar with different languages, etc).
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Pronunciation guide
A is used for “aa” sound – example: emperumAnAr, rAmAnuja
E is used for “yay” sound – example: EkAdhasi
I is used for “ee” sound – example: Iswara. "ee" is also used at times, when the
word contains both "l" and "I" as in the case of lIlA - it will be written as leelA (to
avoid confusion)
O is used for “Oh” sound – example: Om
U is used for “oo” sound – example: Urdhva pundram
zh is used for very strong “l” sound – example: AzhwAr
L is used for strong “l” sound – example: muL (thorn)
N is used for strong “n” sound – example: nArAyaNa
R is used for strong "r" sound - example: puRappAdu (procession); its also used
for "tr" sound in thamizh when there is double "R" - example: uRRAr (utRAr -
relative)
d is used strong “d” sound – example: garuda
dh is used for meek “d” sound – example: gOvindha
t is used for strong “t” sound – example: ganta
th is used for meek “t” sound – example: vratham
sa, sha, ksha are typed as it is – examples: samskritham, shashti and kshamA
: is used for ha sound in samskritham words – examples: nama: to be said as
namaha
Terminologies listing at Reader's Guide
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Let us now see a quick summary of the events highlighted in this beautiful
grantham.
SrIman nArAyaNan, out of his causeless mercy for the upliftment of all, descends
into this samsAram and assumes various archAvathAra (deity) forms at kOil
(SrIrangam), thirumalai (thiruvEnkadam), perumAL kOil (kAnchIpuram), etc.,
which are easy to approach and serve for everyone.
thirumangai AzhwAr (who is the last among AzhwArs), after being reformed
by bhagavAn out of his causeless mercy, worshipped many
archAvathAra emperumAns and finally arrive at SrIrangam and lives there
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after namperumAL and his consorts undergo thirumanjanam (divine bathing) and
are seated in a great assembly of devotees, thirumangai AzhwAr composes
thirunedunthANdagam and sings it infront of emperumAn with divine music. He
also sings some pAsurams from thiruvAimozhi with divine music.
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After some time, due to the nature of kaliyugam, things deteriorate, dhivya
prabhandhams becomes lost and AzhwAr also does not visit SrIrangam.
nAthamunigaL takes birth and eventually by bhagavAn's grace, he hears
about AzhwArs and dhivya prabhandham. He visits AzhwAr thirunagari,
learns madhurakavi AzhwAr's kaNNinuN chiRu thAmbu (which
glorifies nammAzhwAr) and by the grace of nammAzhwAr he learns all 4000
dhivya prabhandham and their meanings.
He then teaches the same through his sishyas and arrives at SrIrangam and re-
establishes adhyayana uthsavam in full-fledge. Having understood the glories of
all AzhwArs and 4000 dhivya prabhandhams
through nammAzhwAr, nAthamunigaL arranges nammAzhwAr's visit once
again.
Since emperumAn declared vEdha sAmyam for thiruvAimozhi, similar to
vEdham's anadhyayana kAlam, he establishes the same for thiruvAimozhi and
other dhivya prabhandhams as well. For dhivya prabhandhams, on
thirukkArthigai dhIpam, anadhyayana kAlam begins and it ends just before the
beginning of adhyayana uthsavam (at temples). adhyayana (reciting) kAlam
begins during the first day of adhyayana uthsavam and ends on thirukkArthigai
dhIpam.
He also (re)establishes that a message is sent to AzhwAr with the orders
of bhagavAn to arrive at SrIrangam. This message also instructs SrIvaishNavas
to refrain from reciting dhivya prabhandham while they are constantly engaged
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on meditating the pAsurams and their meanings in their heart (only reciting out
loud is disallowed - meditating/remebering is always required).
He also arranges that the remnants of oil that was anointed on emperumAn on
thirukkArthigai dhIpam day, was applied on the throats of nammAzhwAr (the
leader of all AzhwArs), kaliyan and other AzhwArs and the remnants of that is
given to SrIvaishNavas.
nammAzhwAr's thiruvirutham, thiruvAsiriyam, periya thiruvanthAdhi and
thiruvAimozhi are equivalent to 4 vEdhams and the dhivya prabhandhams of
other AzhwArs are like vEdha angams (parts - shIkshA, kalpam, vyAkaraNam,
niruktham, chandhas, jyOthisham) and upAngams (sub-parts). These
prabhandhams also explain the divine meanings of thirumanthram, dhvayam and
charama slOkam.
Further, it is established by nAthamunigaL that,
o on the first 10 days of adhyayana uthsavam (starting on amAvAsyai
before vaikuNta EkAdhasi), mudhalAyiram (thiruppallANdu, periyAzhwAr
thirumozhi, nAchiyAr thirumozhi, perumAL thirumozhi, thiruchchantha
viruththam, thirumAlai, thiruppaLLiyezhuchi, amanAdhipirAn, kaNNinuN
chiRu thAmbu), periya thirumozhi, thirukkuRunthANdagam,
thirunedunthANdagam) are recited.
o On vaikuNta EkAdhasi day, thiruvAimozhi thodakkam (beginning) is done.
o In the morning vEdha pArAyaNam is performed and in the evening
thiruvAimozhi is recited for 10 days (1 centum per day). On the last
day nammAzhwAr thiruvadi thozhal happens with a grand sARRumuRai.
o On the 21st day, iyaRpA (mudhal thiruvanthAdhi, iraNdAm thiruvanthAdhi,
mUnRAm thiruvanthAdhi, nAnmugan thiruvanthAdhi, thiruviruththam,
thiruvAsiriyam, periya thiruvanthAdhi, thiruvezhukkURRirukkai, siRiya
thirumadal, periya thirumadal) are recited. (Note: rAmAnusa
nURRanthAdhi is added subsequently by the orders
of namperumAL during the times of emperumAnAr and is usually recited
on the puRappAdu on the night of the 21st day after iyaRpA
sARRumuRai/completion).
nAthamunigaL also establishes that just like a brAhmaNa must learn vEdham,
SrIvaishNavas who are prapannas, must learn dhivya prabhandham.
Also during mArgazhi month, in the early mornings thoNdaradippodi AzhwAr's
thiruppaLLiyezhuchi and ANdAL's thiruppAvai are recited (even though its
anadhyayana kAlam - since these two prabhandhams are focussed at waking
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The general celebrations involve the following routine for 21 days in most dhivya
dhEsams.
emperumAn, nAchiyArs, AzhwArs and AchAryas will be seated in a big assembly
throughout the 21 days.
o While emperumAn and nAchiyArs will be seated right in the middle of the
assembly, AzhwArs and AchAryaswill be seated in two rows (in the two
sides) of the maNdapam facing each other.
o In a lot of dhivya dhEsams, nammAzhwAr will head the AzhwAr gOshti
seated along with thirumangai AzhwAr and emperumAnAr (due to their
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21st day (In some dhivya dhESams, during rAppaththu puRappAdu, iyaRpA is
recited)
o evening - iyaRpA recital
o night - puRappAdu (procession) with rAmAnusa nURRanthAdhi gOshti
and iyal sARRu.
22nd day - thiruppallANdu thodakkam (beginning) and regular 4000 dhivya
prabhandham recital begins
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AzhwAr thirunagari
o araiyar sEvai with actions of pAsurams. Whatever is recited by araiyar on
a particular day, the same thing will be recited by adhyAbhakas in gOshti
the next day.
o On the 10th day of pagal paththu (dhasami - day before vaikuNta
EkAdhasi), special dharshan of nammAzhwAr and emperumAnAr -
nammAzhwAr as SrI ranganAthan in sayana (lying-resting) thirukkOlam
(posture) and emperumAnAr as SrI ranganAchiyAr at the lotus feet.
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nammAzhwAr - emperumAnAr
o Everywhere it is thiruvadi thozhal (nammAzhwAr reaching out
to emperumAn's lotus feet) on the last day of rAppaththu (20th day). But
here, it is thirumudi thozhal - emperumAn is carried by archakas in their
hands and he goes and places his lotus feet on nammAzhwAr's head. Its
a wonderful sight to watch and is clear establishment of paragatha
svIkAram principle (that it is emperumAn who willingly and graciously
accepts jIvAthmA into his fold).
o 22 days of celebrations - additional day in the end named "vIdu vidai
thirumanjanam" (special bathing ceremony).
o On this final day, polindhu ninRa pirAn
emperumAn returns nammAzhwAr to leelA vibhUthi for the upliftment of
everyone
o thiruppallANdu thodakkam (beginning) on subsequent visAgam
nakshathram (nammAzhwAr's thirunakashathram)
thiru thulaivillimangalam
o nammAzhwAr declares in thiruvAimozhi that dhEvapirAn emperumAn is
his father and mother. He has great attachment towards the emperumAn
in this dhivya dhEsam. It is said that, in the olden days, when AzhwAr
returned from SrIrangam, he would arrive at thulaivillimangalam and stay
there with emperumAn here until mAsi visAgam and then leave to AzhwAr
thirunagari.
o In memory of that, nammAzhwAr arrives on mAsi visAgam to this
dhivyadhEsam (at the end of 13 days festival in mAsi month celebrated at
AzhwAr thirunagari). He stays with emperumAn for the whole day, enjoys
thirumanjanam, gOshti, etc and leaves at the end of the day.
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The day after iyaRpA completion, usually in temples, thiruppallANdu recital will
begin and normal routine of dhivya prabhandham recital will resume. There are
many other wonderful specialities that are specific to many dhivya dhEsams.
At homes, the recital of dhivya prabhandham during anadhyayana kAlam is
viewed differently at different dhivya dhEsams.
In a lot of dhivya dhEsams, the home recital routine will closely follow the temple
practice. For example, dhivya prabhandham is not recited from the day after
thirukkArthigai dhIpam (or whenever anadhyayana kAlam begins at the temple).
It is resumed on the day of thiruppallANdu thodakkam (beginning) at the temple
(which is the day after iyaRpA sARRumuRai generally).
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Some have the perspective that, dhiyva prabhandham recital is resumed from
thai hastham (kUrathAzhwAn thirunakshathram) at homes. This is based on the
principle that, in the olden days, SrIvaishNavas would flock to SrIrangam to
attend the adhyayana uthsavam to be with namperumAL and nammAzhwAr.
Once the uthsavam is over, it would take several days to return back to their
home towns. To commemorate this, at homes, people would begin dhivya
prabhandham recital on thai hastham.
Its best to enquire from the elders about the normal practice by their elders in
their dhivya dhEsams and follow the same principle.
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The glories of nammAzhwAr and thiruvAimozhi reached great heights after the advent
of maNavALa mAmunigaL who spent his entire life to teach the divine principles of
dhivya prabhandham for the upliftment of the entire world. Not only that, he practically
demonstrated the great qualities of SrIvaishNavam that were highlighted
by AzhwArs and AchAryas in their glorious literature. This is why namperumAL himself
acknowledged the unique/glorious nature of mAmunigaL and ordered him to give a
series of lectures on bhagavath vishayam (based on nampiLLai's eedu vyAkyAnam and
other vyAkyAnams of thiruvAimozhi) for a whole year. On completion of the lecture
series on a fine Ani thirumUlam day, SrI ranganAthan appears as a small boy and
recites the most magnificient "SrI sailEsa dhayApAthram" thanian and accepts
mAmunigaL as his AchAryan.
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Let us prepare ourselves for these great celebrations that are about to begin in the near
future.
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