Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
ASME B30.6~-2001
ADDENDA
to
ASME B30.6-I995
DERRICKS
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for
American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard
was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an
opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review
and comment that providesan opportunity for additional publicinput fromindustry, academia,
regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device,
or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in
connection with any items mentionedin this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone
utilizing astandard againstliabilityfor infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume
any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the
validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their
own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s)affiliated with industry is not to
be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in
accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance
of interpretations by individuals.
Copyright (D 2001 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
Following approval by the ASME B30 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME B30.6~-2000
was approved by the American National Standards Institute on February 22, 2001.
Addenda to the 1995 edition of ASME B30.6 are issued in the form of replacement pages. Revisions,
additions, and deletions are incorporated directly into the affected pages. It is advisable, however, that this
page, the Addenda title and copyright pages, and all replaced pages be retained for reference.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
This is the third addenda to be published to ASME B30.6-1995. Previous Addenda were published in 1997
and 1998.
Replace or insert the pages listed. Changes given below are identified on the pages by a margin note, (c),
placed next to the affected area. Previous Addenda changes are indicated by (a) and (a). The pages not
listed are the reverse sides of the listed pages and contain no changes.
Page Change
5 l.1
Section 6-0. Revised
12 6-1.3.2(b) Revised and note added
6-1.3.5(a) Revised
SPECIAL NOTE:
The interpretations toASMEB30.6areincludedinthisAddenda as a separate section for the user’s
convenience. This section, however, is not part of the Addenda or the edition.
DERRICKS
Chapter 6-0
Scope, Definitions, and References
“--m
FIG. 1 A-FRAMEDERRICK
FIG. 3 BREASTDERRICK
II
FIG. 2 BASKETDERRICK
Chapter 6-1
Construction and Installation
11
(3) be so secured as tooppose separating forces ily loaded rope in a system shall not be less than 31/2
at all times. timestheload applied to thatrope.
(d) Rotation resistant ropes shall notbeused for
6-1.2.4GinPoleDerricks
boom hoist reeving.
(u) Guy lines shouldbe sized andspaced so as to
make the gin pole stable inbothboomedandvertical 6-1.3.4LoadHoistRopes
positions.
(u) Loadhoistropes shall beofasize, grade, and
(6) Thebase oftheginpole shall:
construction to withstand the maximum load imposed.
(1) permit movement of the pole, when required;
(b) Ropesintheload hoisting systems shall beof
(2) provide means to anchor the pole against hori- alength for the entire rangeofmovementspecified
zontal forces, when required. for the application with at least 2 fullwrapsofrope
remainingonthe hoist drum.
6-1.2.5Chicago Boom Derricks
(c) The nominal breaking strength of the most heav-
(a) The fittings for stepping the boom and for attach-
ily loaded rope in a system shall not be less than 3 %
mentofthetopping lift shallbearranged to:
times the load applied to that rope, except as specified
( I ) permit the derrick to swing at allpermitted inpara. 6-1.3.4(d),
operatingradiiandmounting heights betweenfittings;
(2) accommodate attachment to the upright mem- NOTE: The rope design factors, as given inparas. 6-1.3.2, 6-1.3.3,
berofthehost structure; and 6-1.3.4 above, shall be determined on the basis of rope loads
(3) withstandthe forces applied duringnormal resulting fromrated loads, specified reeving, and published nominal
operation with rated loads at permitted operating con- breakingstrength of new rope. Consideration shall be givento
figurations; frictional losses where appropriate.
Ropes of material other than steel may be used only in accordance
(4) preventtheboomortopping lift from lifting withthemanufacturer’s, or a qualified person’s, recommendation.
out under tensile forces.
(d) Rotation resistant ropes shall have a design factor
of 5 or greater. [The design factor of 5 or greater for
Section 6-1.3 - Ropes and Reeving rotation resistant ropes may be modified by the derrick
Accessories user by complyingwiththeprovisions of para.
6-3.3.1(~)].
6-1.3.1 General. Wherever exposed to temperatures
in excess of 180°F (82OC), rope having an independent (e) Rotation resistant ropes shall begivenspecial
wire rope core, wire strand core, or other temperature care in installation as they are more susceptible to
damage-resistant coreshallbeused. damagethan other types of rape.
12
ASME B30.6bœ1999
ADDENDA
to
ASME B30.6-1995
DERRICKS
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for
American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard
was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an
opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard wasmade available for public review
and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,
regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or *endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device,
or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in
connection with any items mentioned in document,this and does not undertake to insure anyone
utilizing a standard against liability for infringement any
of applicable letterspatent, nor assume
any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determinationof the
validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their
own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s1or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to
be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this codeor standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in
accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes theissuance
of interpretations by individuals.
Copyright (6 2000 by
THE AMERICANSOCIETY OF MECHANICALENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
ASME B30.6b-1999
Following approval by the ASME B30 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME B30.6b-
1999 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on November 18, 1999.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
This is the second Addenda to be published to ASME B30.6-1995. A previous Addenda was published
in1998.
Replace or insert the pages listed. Changes given beloware identified on the pages by a margin note, (b),
placednext to the affected area. Changes made inASME€330.6-1995 are indicated by (95). Previous
Addenda changes are indicated by (a). The pages not listed are the reverse sides of the listed pages and
contain no changes.
Page Location Change
General (1) Footnote 1 reference deleted from B30.23
and B30.25
(2) Footnote 1 revised
(3) In ninth paragraph, ASME address
updated
Section III In first paragraph, ASME address updated
9 6-0.2.2 Definition of qualijìed person revised
10 Section 6-0.3 Revised
13 Fig. 9 Revised
9. I
layer of strand laid in the opposite direction. This has ANSYAWS D14.3-82, Specification for Welding Earth-
the effect of counteracting toque by reducingthe movingandConstructionEquipment'
tendencyofthefinished rope to rotate. ANSUAWS DI. 1-88, Structural Welding Code Steel' -
si& loading - a loadapplied at anangletothe Publisher: American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW
verticalplane oftheboom . LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33 135
-
sill a member connecting the foot block and stiffleg, ASMEB30.7-1994,BaseMountedDrumHoists'
or a memberconnectingthelower ends of a double ASME B30.8-1993, Floating Cranes and Floating Der-
membermast ricks'
standby derrick - a derricknot in regularservice ASME B30. I O- 1993, Hooks'
which is used occasionally or intermittently as required. Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engi-
stifpeg - a rigid member supporting the mast at the head neers (ASME International). Three Park Avenue, New
swing - rotation of the mast or boom for movements York, NY 10016-5990; ASME Order Department, 22
of loads in a horizontaldirectionabouttheaxisof LAW Drive,Box2300,Fairíìeld, NJ 07007-2300
rotation ANSIA1264.1-1989,SafetyRequirements for Work-
two-blocking - the condition in which the lower load placeFloorandWallOpenings,Stairs,andRailing
block or hookassemblycomes in contactwiththe Systems
upper loadblock or boompointsheaveassembly Publisher:AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,Inc.
(ANSI), 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036
(bl Section 6-0.3 - Reference to Other Codes
and Standards
Withinthetext,referenceismadetothefollowing
publications,copies ofwhichmay be obtainedfrom ' May also be obtained fromAmerican National Standards Institute.,
thepublishersindicated. Inc.. I I West 42nd Street. New York, NY 10036.
10
(e) Where a halfwedge socket is used, it shall be less than I8 times the nominal diameter ofthe rope used.
of apositivelockingtype. (g) Boompointsheavesshould be providedwith
o) Wire rope clips used in conjunction with wedge guides to limit the offleadangle of the ropewhen
sockets shall be attached to the unloaded dead end of entering the groovesfrom either side.
the ropeonly (see Fig. 9). (h) Boomhoistsheaves shall havepitchdiameters
(g) If a load is supported by more than one part of not less than 15 timesthenominaldiameter of the
rope,thetensionintheparts shall be equalized. rope used.
6-1.3.6Sheaves
Ia) (u) Sheavegroovesshall be smoothand free from Section 6-1.4 - Anchoringand Guying
surface conditions thatcouldcause rope damage or 6-1.4.1GuyDerricks
accelerated rope wear. The cross-sectional radius at the (u) The mastbaseshallbeanchored.Maximum
bottomof the grooveshould be such as to forma horizontalandvertical forces encounteredwhenhan-
close-fitting saddle for the size rope used, and the sides dling ratedloadswiththeparticularguy slope and
ofthegrooveshould be taperedoutwardto facilitate spacing stipulated for theapplication are amongthe
entrance of the rope into the groove.Flangecomers design factors for whichprovisionshall be made.
should be rounded, and the rims should run true about (b) The guys shall be secured to the ground or other
the axis of rotation. firm anchorage. Maximum horizontal and vertical forces
(b) Sheaves carrying ropes that can be momentarily encountered while handling rated loads with theparticu-
unloaded shall be provided with close-fitting guards or lar guy slope and spacing stipulated for the application
other devicestoguidetheropebackintothegroove areamongthe factors for whichprovision shall be
whentheload is applied again. made.
(c) Thesheaves in the lowerloadblockshould be
equipped with close-fitting guards that will reduce the 6-1.4.2 Stiffleg Derricks
possibility of ropesbecoming fouled whentheblock (u) Themastbaseshall be anchored. Maximum
is lyingonthegroundwith the ropesloose. horizontalandvertical forces encounteredwhilehan-
(d) Meansshould be provided,ifnecessary, to pre- dling rated loads stipulated for the application with the
ventchafingofthe ropes. particular stifflegspacingand slope areamongthe
(e) All running sheaves shall be equipped with means design factors for whichprovisionshall be made.
for lubrication or withpermanentlylubricated, sealed, (b) The stifflegs shall be anchored. Maximumhori-
or shielded bearings. zontalandvertical forces encounteredwhilehandling
cfl Hoistingsheavesshallhavepitchdiameters not rated loads with the particular stiffleg arrangement stip-
13
ulated for theapplication are among the factors for reciprocating components, that constitute a hazard under
whichprovisionshall be made. normal operating conditions, shall be guarded.
(6) Guardsshall be fastened in place.
6-1.4.3LoadAnchoring Data. Forpermanent ( c ) Each guard shall be capable of supporting, with-
fixed installations, the owner shall provide load anchor- out permanentdistortion, the weightofa 200 lb (90
ing data referred to in paras. 6- I .4.1 and 6-1.4.2 for kg) person, unless the guard is located where it isnot
the conditions stipulated for the application. For nonper- probablethata person will step on it.
manent installations, such data shall be determined by
aqualifiedperson.
14
There are four optionsfor making inquiries*or placing orders. Simplymail, phone, fax, or E-mail UI and an Information
Central representative will handle your request.
* Information Central staff are not permittedto answer inquiries about the technical content of this code or standard.
Information as to whether or not technical inquiries are issued to this code or standard is shown on the copyright
page. All technical inquiries must be submitted in writing to the staff secretary. Additional procedures for inquiries
may be listed within.
ASME B30.6a-1998
ADDENDA
to
ASME B30.6-1995
DERRICKS
This code or standard wasdeveloped under proceduresaccredited as meeting the criteria for
American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved thecode or standard
was balanced to assure that individuals from competentand concerned interests have had an
opportunity toparticipate. The proposed codeor standard was made available for public review
and comment which provides an opportunity for additional public input industry,
from academia,
regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device,
or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity ofany patent rightsasserted in
connection with any items mentioned in this document, and doesnot undertake to insure anyone
utilizing a standard against liability for infringement any of applicable Letters Patent, nor assume
any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determinationof the
validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their
own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s1or person(s) affiliated with industryis not to
be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME acceptsresponsibilityfor onlythose interpretations issued accordance
in with governing
ASME procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual
volunteers.
Copyright Q 1998 by
THEAMERICANSOCIETY OF MECHANICALENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
Following approval by the ASME B30 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASME B30.6a-
1998 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on March 3, 1998.
Addenda to the 1995 edition of ASME B30.6 are issued in the form of replacement pages. Revisions,
additions, and deletions are incorporated directly into the affected pages. It is advisable, however, that this
page, the Addenda title and copyright pages, and all replaced pages be retained for reference.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
This is the first Addenda to be published to ASME B30.6a-1998.
Replace or insert the pages listed. Changes given below are identified on the pages by a margin note, (a),
placed next to the affected area. Changes madein ASME B30.6-1995 are indicated by (95). The pages not
listed are the reverse sides of the listed pages and contain no changes.
Page Location Change
vii Contents Revised to reflect Addenda changes
1-2.1 General (1) B30 volume listing updated
(2) New sixth and seventh paragraphs added
(3) Footnote 1 added
9, 9.1 6-0.2.2 Definition of quali$ed person revised
12, 13 6-1.3.5(a) Revised
2-1.3.6(a) Revised
-2.2.1 16.1 16, Revised in its entirety
6-2.2.2 Added
21 Revised
Introduction
General ..... .................................................................. 1
Section I scope ........................................................... 2
Section II Purpose ......................................................... 2
Section III Interpretations ................................................... 2
Section IV New andExistingInstallations ................................... 2.1
Section V MandatoryandAdvisoryRules ................................... 3
Section VI MetricConversions .............................................. 3
Table
1 RequiredClearancefor Normal VoltageinOperationNearHighVoltage
PowerLines ................................................................... 25
...
v111
2.1
9.1
layer of strand laid in the opposite direction. This has ANSI/AWS Dl.1-88, Structural WeldingCode - Steel'
the effect of counteracting torque by reducing the ten-
dency of the finished rope to rotate. Publisher: American Welding Society
side loading - a load applied at an angle to the vertical 550 N.W. LeJeune Road
plane of the boom Miami, Fl 33135
sill- a member connecting thefoot block and stiffleg,
ASME B30.7-1994, Base Mounted Drum Hoists'
or a memberconnectingthelower ends of a double
member mast
ASME B30.8-1993,
Floating
Cranes
andFloating
standby derrick - a demck not in regular service which Derricks'
is used occasionally or intermittently as required
stifleg - a rigidmembersupporting the mast at the ASME B30.10-1993, Hooks'
head
Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical
swing - rotation of the mast or boom for movements
Engineers
of loads in a horizontaldirectionabout the axis of
345 East 47th Street
rotation
New York, NY 10017
íwo-blocking - the condition in which the lower load
block or hook assembly comes incontact with the upper ASME Order Department
load block or boom point sheave assembly 22 Law Drive
P.O. Box 2350
Fairfield, NJ 07007-9979
Section 60.3 - Reference to Other Codes and
Standards ANSIA1264.1-1989,SafetyRequirements for Work-
W~ttiir!the text, reference is made to the following placeFloorandWallOpenings, Stairs, andRailing
publications, copies of which may be obtained from the systems
publishers indicated.
Publisher: American National Standards Institute, Inc.
ANSVAWS D14.3-82, Specification for Welding Earth- 11 West 42nd Street
moving and Construction Equipment' New York, NY 10036
10
Chapter 6-1
Construction and Installation
Section 6-1.1 - Load Ratings Variations from these requirements are acceptable pro-
6-1.1.1 Basis. Load ratings are dependent on such vided original rated load or rerated load is calculated by
factors as anchorage, structural
competence,
rope a qualified personor derrick manufacturerto compensate
strength, hoist rating, supports, and guy lengths. for these variations.
(b) For published ratings, the manufacturer shall fur-
6-1.1.2 Rated Load (Working Loa4 Marking nish complete guy information recommending:
(u) Forpermanentlyinstalledderrickswithfixed (1) thenumber;
lengths of boom, guy, and mast, a substantial, durable, (2) the spacing around the mast;
and clearly legible rating chart shall be provided with (3) the maximum vertical slope;
each demck and affixed where it is visible to personnel ( 4 ) the size, grade, and construction of rope to be
responsible for the operation of the equipment. The chart used in each;
shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, the fol- (5) initial sag or tension;
lowing data: (6)tension in guy line rope at anchor.
(1) manufacturer’s approved load ratings at corre- (c) The mastbaseshall permit free rotationofthe
sponding ranges of boom angle or operating radii; mast with allowance for slight tilting of the mast caused
(2) specific lengths of componentsonwhich the by guy slack.
load ratings are based; ( d ) The mast cap shall:
(3) required parts for hoist reeving. Size and con- (I) permit free rotation of the mast;
struction of rope may be shown either on the rating chart (2) withstand tilting and cramping action imposed
or in the operating manual. by the guy loads;
(b) For nonpermanent installations, the manufacturer (3) be secured to the mast to prevent disengage-
shall provide information from which rated load charts ment during erection;
can be prepared by a qualified person for the particular (4) be provided with means for attachment of guy
installation. The rated load charts shallbe located either ropes.
at the demck or at the job site office.
6-1.2.3 Stiffleg Derricks
(u) The mast shall be supported in the vertical posi-
Section 6-1.2 - Construction tion by at least 2 stifflegs, one end of each being con-
6-1.2.1 General nected to the top of the mast and the other end securely
(u) Derricks shall be constructed to meet all stresses anchored. The stifflegs shall be capable of withstanding
imposed on members and components under normal op the loads imposed at any point of operation within the
erating conditions when properly installed and handling rated load chart range.
loadsnotexceedingmanufacturer’sloadratingswith (b) The mast base shall:
recommended reeving. (I) permit free rotation ofthe mast, when required,
(b) Weldingofloadsustainingmembersshallcon- (2) permit deflection of the mast without binding;
form to recommended practices of the American Weld- (3) provide means to prevent the mast from lifting
ing Society as outlined in ANSIIAWS D14.3 or ANSI/ out of its socket when the mast is in tension.
AWS D1.l. (c) The stiffleg connecting member at the top of the
mast shall:
6-1.2.2 Guy Derricks (I) permit free rotation ofthe mast, when required,
(u) The recommended minimum number of guys is (2) withstand the loads imposed by the action of
6. Preferably, guy length and spacing should be equal. the stifflegs;
11
12
(e) Where a halfwedgesocket is used, it shall be less than 18 times the nominal diameterof the rope used.
of a positive locking type. (g) Boompointsheavesshouldbeprovidedwith
(flWire rope clips used in conjunction with wedge guides tolimittheofflead angle of theropewhen
sockets shall be attached to the unloaded dead end of enteringthegroovesfromeitherside.
theropeonly(seeFig. 9). (h) Boom hoistsheavesshallhavepitchdiameters
(g) If a load is supported by more than one part of notlessthan 15 timesthenominaldiameterofthe
rope,thetensioninthepartsshall be equalized. ropeused.
la)
6-1.3.6 Sheaves
(a) Sheave groovesshall be smoothand free from
Section 6-1.4 - Anchoring and Guying
surfaceconditionsthatcouldcauseropedamage or 6-1.4.1 Guy Derricks
accelerated rope wear. The cross-sectional radius at the (a) Themastbaseshallbeanchored.Maximum
bottomofthegrooveshouldbesuch as to form a horizontalandvertical forces encountered when han-
close,fitting saddle for the size rope used, and the sides dling ratedloadswiththeparticularguy slope and
of thegrooveshould betapered outward to facilitate spacing stipulated for theapplication are among the
entrance of the rope into thegroove.Flange comers design factors for whichprovisionshall be made.
should be rounded, and the rims should run true about (b) The guys shall be secured to the ground or other
the axis of rotation. firm anchorage. Maximum horizontal and verticalforces
(b) Sheaves carrying ropes that can be momentarily encountered while handling rated loads with the particu-
unloaded shall be provided with close-fitting guards or lar guy slope and spacing stipulated for the application
other devices to guidetheropeback into thegroove are amongthefactors for whichprovisionshall be
when theload is appliedagain. made.
(c) The sheaves in thelowerload block should be
equipped with close-fitting guards that will reduce the 6-1-4.2 Stiffleg Derricks
possibility ofropesbecomingfouledwhentheblock (a) Themastbase shall be anchored.Maximum
is lying on the ground with the ropes loose. horizontalandvertical forces encounteredwhilehan-
( d ) Means should be provided, if necessary, to pre- dling rated loads stipulated for the application with the
vent chafing of the ropes. particularstifflegspacingandslope are amongthe
( e ) All running sheaves shall be equippedwith means designfactors for whichprovisionshallbemade.
for lubrication or withpermanently lubricated, sealed, (b) The stifflegs shall be anchored.Maximumhori-
or shieldedbearings. zontalandverticalforcesencounteredwhilehandling
cfl Hoistingsheavesshallhavepitchdiameters not rated loads with the particular stiffleg arrangement stip-
13
ulatedfor the application are amongthefactorsfor cipmcating components. that constitute a hazard under
which provision shall be made. normal operating conditions, shallbe guarded.
(b) Guards shall be fastened in place.
6-1.4.3LoadAnchoring Data. Forpermanent (c) Eachguardshall be capableofsupporting,with-
fixed installations, the owner shall provide load anchor- out permanent distortion, the weight of a 200 lb (90kg)
ing data referred to in paras. 6-1.4.1 and 6-1.4.2 for the person, unless the guard is located where it is not prob-
conditionsstipulated for theapplication.Fornonper-ablethat a personwillsteponit.
manent installations, such data shall be determined by a
qualified person.
6-1.6.2 Lubrication. Lubricatingpointsshould be
accessible without removing guardsor other parts.
Section 6-1.5 - Hoists and Swingers
(a) The boom, load hoists, and swinger mechanisms
shallbe suitable forthe derrickworkintendedandshall 6-1.6.3Hooks
be anchored to preventdisplacement from theimposed (a) Hooks shallmeetthemanufacturer’srecommen-
loads. Caution should be exercised in the US of hoists dations and shall not be overloaded. If hooks are of the
having excessive line pull or braking capacity for theswivelingtype,theyshouldrotatefreely.Refer to ASME
application. B30.10.
(6) Basemounteddrumhoistrequirements of ASME (b) Hooks withlatchesshould be used wherever
apply. B30.7 shall
Section 6-1.6 - General Requirements 6-1.6.4 Boom Angle Indicator. Boom angle indi-
6-1.6.1
Guards cator should be provided
and be readable by the operator
(a) Exposedmovingparts,such as gears,ropes, set or the signalperson,unlessthe demck hasonerating
screws, pjecting keys,chains,chainsprockets,andre-forall boom angles.
14
Chapter 6-2
Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
16
16. I
(4) if there is a slackropecondition, it should (4) The lift shall be made under controlled condi-
bedeterminedthattheropeisproperlyseatedonthe tionsandunderthedirectionof an appointedsignal
drumandinthesheaves. person.
(c) During lifting, care shall be takenthat: (5) A meetingattendedbythe demck operator,
(1) there is no sudden acceleration or deceleration signalperson,person(s)to be lifted,andtheperson
of the moving load; responsible for the task to be performed shall be held
(2) theloaddoesnotcontactanyobstructions. to plan and review procedures to be followed, including
(d) A derrickshallnotbeused for sideloading procedures for entering and leaving the manlift platform
except when specifically authorizedby a qualified person and thepointsatwhichpersonswillenterand leave
who has determined that the various structural compo- the platform.
nentswillnotbeoverstressed. (6) The operator and signal person shall conduct
(e) The operator shouldavoidcarryingloadsover a test lift with an empty manlift platform.
people. (7) Communication between the demck operator,
Theoperatorshalltestthebrakeseachtime a signal person, and person(s) being lifted shall be main-
loadapproaching the ratedload is handled by lifting tained.
it a few inchesandapplyingthebrakes. (8) Warning or limiting devices shall be installed
(g) Neithertheloadnorboom shall be lowered to prevent two-blocking, unless audible communication
belowthepointwherelessthan 2 full wrapsofrope has been provided and one of the persons being lifted
remainon their respective drums. hasbeen specifically assigned the task of warning of
(h) When rotating a derrick, sudden starts and stops the approach of a two-block condition.
shall be avoided.Rotationalspeedshall be suchthat (9) The demck shall be operated so that downward
the load does not swing out beyond the radius at which motion will be power controlled lowering (no freefall).
it can be controlled. A tag or restraint line should also (10) Whenwelding is done by an employeeon
be used. the platform,theelectrodeholdersshall be protected
(i) Boom andhoistingrope systems shallnot be from contactwithmetalcomponentsoftheplatform.
twisted. (11) Persons on the platform shall wear safety belts
(j) The operator shallnothoist, lower, or swing with lanyardsattached,preferablyabovethehook or
whileanyone is ontheload or hook. shackle.
6-3.3.4 Personnel Lifting. This Standard recog- ( 1 2 ) The operator shall remain at the controls when
nizes that derricks are designed and intended for han- the platform is suspended.
(13) When lifting or lowering platforms, the opera-
dlingmaterials.They do notmeetpersonnel lift or
tor shall control the speed, and it shall not exceed 100
elevatorrequirements.Therefore,noderrickfunction
ft/min (0.51 &S).
shall be performedwhile a person is onthehook, (14) Derricksshall nottravelwhilepersonnel are
load, manlift platform, boom, or other personnel lifting on the platform.
device attached to the derrick load line or boom unless (15) Theemployeesbeinglifted,moved, or posi-
each of the specific, specialrequirementswhichfol- tioned shall remainin continuous sightor in communica-
lowaremet. tionwith the operator or signal person.
(u) The following specialproceduresshall be fol- (16) The total weight of the lifted load (including
lowedwhenpersonnelaretobe lifted. personnel) shall not exceed 50% of the demck rating.
( I ) The person on the job site specifically responsi- ( b ) A platformwhichisdesignedandconstructed
ble for the overall work function to be performed shall in accordancewith the followingshallbeused.
determinethatthereisnopractical alternate wayto (1) The platform shall be designed by a qualified
perform the needed work and authorize its usage. person.
(2) For eachinstance ofsuch lifting, the person (2) Theplatformshall be limited to a capacity
responsible for the task shall attest to the need for the of 6 persons.
operation by issuing a statement (describing the opera- (3) The platform and attaching devices shall have
tionand its time frame) itemizing that each ofthe a minimum design factor of 5.
following requirements have been met. The statement, (4) The platform shall have a plate specifying the
after being approved by the authorizer, shall be retained weight of the emptyplatform,themaximumnumber
at the job site. of persons,andtheweight for whichtheplatform
(3) Before use for lifting people, the demck shall is rated.
be inspectedinaccordancewith the requirements of (5) The platformshallhavestandardrailingas (a)
paras.6-2.1.2and6-2.4.1(a). definedin ANSI A1264.1.
21
(6) The sidesoftheplatformshall be enclosed (c) lifted to a vertical position andsecured to the mast
from floor to midrail. for guy derricks;
(7) If access doorsare installed, they shall open ( d ) secured against stiffleg for stiffleg demck.
only to the interior of the platform. Access doors shall
be equipped with a device to restrain the door from in-
advertently opening. Section 6-3.4 - Signals
(8) Theplatform shall haveoverheadprotection
6-3.4.1 Standard Signals. Standard signals to the
when there is an overhead hazard.
operator shall be in accordance with the standard pre-
(9) The platformshall be easilyidentifiable by
scribed in paras. 6-3.4.2 and 6-3.4.3, unless voice com-
high-visibility color or marking.
munication equipment (telephone, radio, or equivalent)
(10) The platform shall be attachedby means such
is utilized. Signals shall be discernible or audible at all
as, butnotlimitedto, a shackle, hook(latched or
times. No response shall be madeunless signals are
moused), or wedge and socket attachment.A wedge and
clearly understood.
socket attachment shall have a clip on the free end of
the load line (seeFig. 9).
6-3.4.2 Hand Signals. Hand signals shall be in ac-
( I I ) The suspension system shall minimize incli-
cordance with Fig.10 and shall be posted conspicuously.
nation of the platform dueto the movement of personnel
on the platform.
6-3.4.3 Bell or Light Signals. Bells of different
tones shall be used for boom, load, runner (whip), and
6-3.3.5 Holding the Load
swinger. Where electrically activated, both bell andlight
(a) The operator shall not leavethe controls while the
signal systemsshall have safety lights of a different color
load is suspended unless the precautions in the excep
lit toindicatethat the signal system is effective. The
tions as listed in paras. 6-3.33b) through (d) have been
signals shall be as follows.
taken.
(a) When operating, 1 bell or light means stop.
(h) People should not be permitted to stand or pass
(b) When stopped, 1 bell or light means 113; 2 bells
under a load on the hook.
or lights means lowel:
(c) If the load must remain suspended for any con-
siderable length of time, a dog, a pawl and ratchet, or (c) When temporarily stopped, 3 or 4 bells or lights
alternately on the boom and load mean dog it og or
other equivalent means, rather than the brake alone, shall
stopping for some time.
be used to hold the load.
( d ) When dogged o$; before starting, ring 3 or 4 bells
( d ) Asan exception to para.6-3.3.5(a),undersuch
circumstances where a load is to be held suspended for or light 3 or 4 lights alternately on the boom and load,
meaning get ready to start work again.
a period of time exceeding normallifting operations, the
operator may leave his position at &c controls, provided,
prior to that time, the appointed individual and operator 6-3.4.4 Special Signals. Some special operations
have established the requirements for dogging the hoist may require additions to, or modifications of, the basic
signals standardized herein. In all such cases, these spe-
and providing notices, barricades,or whatever other pre-
cautions may be necessary. cial signals should be agreed upon, thoroughly under-
stood by the director, signal person, and the operator,
6-3.3.6 U s e of Winch Heads
and should not be in.conflict with the standard signals.
(a) Ropes shall not be handled ona winch head with-
out the knowledge of the operator. 6-3.4.5 Instructions. If it is desired to give instruc-
(b) While a winch head is being used, the operator tions to the operator other than those providedfor in the
shall be within reach of the power unit control lever. standard signalsystem, the derrick motionsshall be
stopped.
6-3.3.7 Securing Boom. Dogs, pawls, or other pos-
itive holding mechanismson the hoist shall be engaged.
When not in use, the derrick boom shall be either:
Section 6-3.5 - Miscellaneous
(a) laiddown; 63.5.1 Fire Extinguishers
(b) secured to a stationary member, as nearly under (a) A portable fire extinguisher, with a basicmini-
the head as possible, by attachment ofa sling to the load mum extinguisher rating of 10 BC, shall be installed in
block the cab or at the machinery housing.
22
I1 ASME B30.6-1995
(Revision of ASME B30.6-1990)
II
COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Licensed by Information Handling Services
The American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
A N
A M E R I C A N A T I O N A S
L T A N D A R D
DERRICKS
ASME B30.6-1NU5
(Revision 01 ASME b3O.6-1990)
The 1995 Edition of this Standard is being issued with an automatic addenda
subscription service. The use of an addenda allows revisions made in re-
sponse to public review comments or committee actions to be published on
a regular yearly basis; revisions published in addendawill become effective
1 year after the Date of Issuance of the addenda. The next edition of this
Standard is scheduled for publication in 2000.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accreditedas meeting thecriteria for
American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard
was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an
opportunity to participate. The proposed codeor standard was made availablefor public review
and comment which provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, acade-
mia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary device,
or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in
connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure any-
one utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor
assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that the determi-
nation of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is
entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s1or person(s1affiliated with industry is notto
be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for onlythose interpretations issued in accordance with govern-
ing ASME procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual
volunteers.
Copyright O 1996 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
FOREWORD
This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, hasbeen developed under the procedures accreditedby the American
National Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). This
Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards
for Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was
presented to the annual meeting of the ASME.
Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from
1920 to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of
Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering
Standards Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to
the USA Standards Institute), Department of Labor - State ofNew Jersey, Department of
Labor and Industry - State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers As-
sociation. On June I l , 1925,theAmericanEngineeringStandardsCommitteeapprovedthe
ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee’s recommendation and authorized the project with
the U.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.
In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a
Sectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out Oc-
tober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November4, 1926, with 57 members representing
29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943,
was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document
was reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.
Duetochanges in design,advancement in techniques, and generalinterest of laborand
industry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship ofASMEandthe
Naval Facilities Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an
American National Standards Committee on January 3 1, 1962, with 39 members representing
27 national organizations.
The format of the previous code was changed so that separate volumes (each complete as
toconstructionandinstallation;inspection,testing, and maintenance;andoperation)would
cover the different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.
In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, oper-
ating under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by the American National Stan-
dards Institute.
This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government
and other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspec-
tion of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention
aregivenboth as mandatoryandadvisoryprovisions;compliancewithbothtypesmaybe
required by employers of their employees.
In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administra-
tive or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use
of other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of
protection is thereby secured.To secure uniform application and interpretationof this Standard,
...
111
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)
OFFICERS
P. S.Zorich, Chair
B. D. Closson, Vice Chair
J. Pang, Secretary
COMMllTEE PERSONNEL*
ALLIANCE OF AMERICAN INSURERS
T. A. Christensen, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co.
*The members listed, except for those listed under the heading for individual members, were
nominated by their respective organizations.
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS
R. J. Bolen. E. I. du Pont de Nemours 81 Co.
8. D. Closson, North American Crane Bureau West
T. L. Blanton, Alternate, North American Crane Bureau
K. J. Chlad, Material Handling Crane Systems, Inc.
J. W. Downs, Jr., Alternate, Downs Crane & Hoist Co., Inc.
D. W. Eckstine, Grove Worldwide
J. L. Franks, South Carolina State Port Authority
J. J. Headley, Crane Institute of America, Inc.
W. C. Dickinson, Alternate, Crane Institute of America, Inc.
J. D. Heppner, Liftex, Inc.
R. A. Hoff, 3M Co.
G. H. OGary, Alternate, 3M Co.
C. W. Ireland, Amclyde Engineered Products
L. S. Johnson, American Equipment Co., Inc.
J. M. Kilbert, Lift-All Co., Inc.
H. G. Leidich, Ingersoll-Rand Co.
T. S. McKosky, Consultant
R. R. Reisinger, FKI Industries, Inc.
R. F. Sauger, U.S. Department of Labor - OSHA
P. L. Rossi, Alternate, US. Department of Labor - OSHA
A. R. Toth, Harnischfeger Industries, Inc.
D. B. Gamble, Alternate, Harnischfeger Industries, Inc.
R. C. Wild, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
R. E. Scott, Alternate, US. Army Corps of Engineers
F! S. Zorich, RZP International Limited
vi
CONTENTS
Foreword ................................................................................
...
111
Standards Committee Roster ............................................................ V
Summary of Changes ................................................................... ix
Introduction
General ...................................................................... 1
Section I Scope .............................................................. 2
Section II Purpose ............................................................ 2
Section III Interpretations ...................................................... 2
Section IV New and Existing Installations ..................................... 2
Section V Mandatory and Advisory Rules .................................... 3
Section VI Metric Conversions ................................................. 3
Chapter 6-0 Scope. Definitions. and References
Section 6-0.1 Scope of B30.6 .................................................... 5
..
Definitions .........................................................
Section 6-0.2 5
Section 6-0.3 Reference to Other Codes and Standards ........................... 10
Chapter 6-1 Construction and Installation
Section 6- 1 . 1 Load Ratings ....................................................... 11
Section 6-1.2 Construction ....................................................... Il
Section 6-1.3 Ropes and Reeving Accessories .................................... 12
Section 6-1.4 Anchoring and Guying ............................................. 13
Section 6-1.5 Hoists and Swingers ............................................... 14
Section 6-1.6 General Requirements .............................................. 14
Chapter 6-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
Section 6.2 . I Inspection .......................................................... 15
Section 6-2.2 Testing ............................................................. 16
Section 6-2.3 Maintenance ....................................................... 16
Section 6-2.4 Rope Inspection. Replacement. and Maintenance ................... 17
Chapter 6-3 Operation
Section 6-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Director and
Operating Practices .............................................. 19
Section 6-3.2 Operator Qualifications and Operating Practices.................... 19
Section 6-3.3 Handling the Load ................................................. 20
Section 6-3.4 Signals ............................................................. 22
Section 6-3.5 Miscellaneous ...................................................... 22
A S I E 830.6 95 m 0 7 5 9 6 7 0 0570793333 W
Figures
1 A-FrameDerrick ................................................................ 6
2 BasketDerrick ................................................................... 6
3 Breast
Derrick ................................................................... 6
4 ChicagoBoom Derrick .......................................................... 6
5 Gin
Pole
Derrick ................................................................ 7
6 Guy Derrick ..................................................................... 7
7 Derrick .................................................................
Shearleg 8
8 Stiffleg
Derrick .................................................................. 8
9 Dead EndingRope in a Socket .................................................. 13
10 Standard Hand SignalsforControllingDerricks ................................. 23
Il DangerZoneforDerricksandLiftedLoadsOperatingNearElectrical
Transmission Lines ............................................................ 26
Table
1 RequiredClearance for NormalVoltage in OperationNearHighVoltage
Power Lines ................................................................... 25
...
Vlll
ASME 830.6 95
O759670
0570792
27T m
ASME B30.6-1995
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
ix
INTRODUCTION
General B30.19
Cableways
B30.20 Below-the-HookLiftingDevices
This Standard is one of a series of safety standards
B30.21ManuallyLeverOperatedHoists
on various subjects which have been formulated under
B30.22Articulating Boom Cranes
the general auspicesof the American National Standards
B30.23
Personnel
Lifting
Systems
(under
devel-
Institute. One purpose of the Standard is to serve as a
opment)
guide to governmentalauthoritieshavingjurisdiction
B30.24ContainerCranes(underdevelopment)
over subjects within the scope of the Standard. It is ex-
B30.25ScrapandMaterialHandlers(underdevel-
pected, however, that the Standard will find a major ap-
opment)
plication in industry, serving as a guide to manufactur-
ers, purchasers, and users of the equipment.
For the convenienceof the user, the Standard has been If adoptedforgovernmentaluse,thereferences to
divided into separate volumes: othernationalcodesandstandards in thespecificvol-
umes may be changed to refer to the corresponding reg-
B30.1 Jacks ulations of the governmental authorities.
B30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running The use of cableways, cranes, derricks, hoists, hooks,
Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder,
Top Run- jacks, and slings is subject to certain hazards that cannot
ning Trolley Hoist) be met by mechanical means but onlyby the exercise of
B30.3 Hammerhead Tower Cranes intelligence, care, and common sense. It is therefore es-
B30.4 Portal, Tower, and Pillar Cranes sential to have personnel involved in the use and oper-
B30.5 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes ation of equipment who are competent, careful, physi-
B30.6 Derricks callyandmentallyqualified,andtrained in thesafe
B30.7 Base Mounted Drum Hoists operation of the equipment and the handling of the loads.
B303 Floating Cranes and Floating Demcks Serious hazards are overloading, dropping or slippingof
B30.9 Slings theloadcaused by improperhitchingorslinging,ob-
B30.10 Hooks structing the free passage of the load, and using equip-
B30.1 I Monorails and Underhung Cranes ment for a purposeforwhich it wasnot intendedor
B30.12 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft designed.
B30.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and As- TheStandardsCommittee fully realizestheimpor-
sociated Equipment tance of proper design factors, minimum or maximum
B30.14 Side Boom Tractors sizes,andotherlimitingdimensions of wireropeor
B30.15 Mobile Hydraulic Cranes chain and theirfastenings,sheaves,sprockets,drums,
Note:B30.15-1973hasbeenwithdrawn. and similar equipment covered by the Standard, all of
TherevisionofB30.15isincluded in the which are closely connected with safety. Sizes, strengths,
latest edition of B30.5. and similar criteria are dependenton many different fac-
B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung) tors, often varying with the installation and uses. These
B30.17 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running factors depend on the condition of the equipment orma-
Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist) terial; on the loads; on the acceleration or speed of the
B30. I8 StackerCranes(ToporUnderRunning ropes, chains, sheaves, sprockets, or drums; on the type
Bridge, Multiple Girder With Top or Under of attachments; on the number, size, and arrangement of
Running Trolley Hoist) sheavesorotherparts;onenvironmentalconditions
1
causing corrosion or wear; and on many variable factors (c) guide governments and other regulatory bodies in
thatmustbeconsideredineachindividualcase.The the development, promulgation, and enforcement of ap-
rules given in the Standard must be interpreted accord- propriate safety directives.
ingly,
and
judgmentused in determining their
application.
The Standards Committee will be glad to receive crit- Section 111 - Interpretations
icisms of this Standard’s requirements and suggestions
Upon request, the B30 Committee will render an in-
foritsimprovement,especiallythosebasedonactual
terpretation ofanyrequirementoftheStandard.Inter-
experience in application of the rules.
SuggestionsforchangestotheStandardshould be pretations can only be rendered in response to a written
requestsenttotheSecretaryoftheB30Committee,
submittedtotheSecretary of theB30Committee,
ASME, 345 East 47th Street,New York, NY 10017, and ASME, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.
The request for interpretation should be clear and un-
should be in accordance with the following format:
ambiguous. It is further recommended that the inquirer
( u ) cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-
tinent volume; submit his request utilizing the following format.
( b ) indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion, Subject:Citetheapplicableparagraphnumber(s)and
revision, etc.); provide a concise description.
(c) brieflystatethereason and/or evidenceforthe Edition:Citetheapplicableeditionofthepertinent
suggested change; volume for which the interpretation is being
( d ) submit suggested changes to more than one par-
requested.
agraphintheorderthattheparagraphsappear in the
volume. Question:Phrasethequestionas a requestforan in-
TheB30Committeewillconsidereachsuggested terpretation of a specific requirement suita-
change in a timelymanner in accordancewithits ble for general understanding and use, not
procedures. as a request for approval of a proprietary
design or situation. The inquirer may also
includeanyplans or drawings which are
Section I - Scope necessary to explain the question; however,
theyshouldnotcontainanyproprietary
This Standard applies to the construction, installation, names or information.
operation, inspection, and maintenance of jacks; power-
operated cranes, monorails, and crane runways; power- Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten
operated and manually operated derricks and hoists; lift- in this formatby the Committee priorto being answered,
ing devices, hooks, and slings; and cableways. which could change the intent of the original request.
This Standard does not apply to track and automotive ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any
jacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, shipboard interpretation when or if additionalinformationwhich
cranes,
shipboard
cargo-handlingequipment,
well- might affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-
drillingderricks,skiphoists,minehoists,truckbody sonsaggrieved byan interpretation may appealtothe
hoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating equip- cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME
.ment, or equipment coming within the scope of the fol- does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any
lowing Committees: Alo, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20, item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
B56, and B77.
DERRICKS
Chapter 6-0
Scope, Definitions, and References
Section 6-0.1 - Scope of B30.6 derrick, breast - a derrick without a boom. The mast
consists of 2 side members spread farther apart at the
6-0.1.1 Within the general scope defined in Section
basethanatthetop,andtiedtogetheratthetopand
I, B30.6 applies to guy, stiffleg, basket, breast, gin pole,
bottom by rigid members. The mast is prevented from
Chicagoboom,shearleg,andA-frame demcks of the
tipping forward by guys connected to its top. The load
stationarytype,capable of handlingloadsatvariable
is lifted and lowered by ropes through a sheave or block
reaches and powered by hoists through systems of rope
secured to the top of the crosspiece (see Fig. 3).
reeving used to perform lifting hook work. Derricks may
be permanently installed or installed for temporary use derrick, Chicago boom - a boom which is attached to
as in construction work. The requirementsof B30.6 also a structure, an outside upright member of the host struc-
applyto anymodificationofthesetypeswhichretain ture serving as the mast, and the boom being mounted
their fundamental features, except as specified for float- in a pivoting seat secured to the upright. The demck is
ing derricks in ASME B30.8, Floating Cranes and Float- complete with load, boom, and boom point swing line
ing Derricks. falls (see Fig. 4).
derrick, gin pole - a boom without a mast which has
guys arranged from its top to permit leaning the mast in
one or more directions. The load is lifted and lowered
Section 6-0.2 - Definitions by ropes reeved through sheaves or blocks at the top of
the mast and the lower block (see Fig. 5).
6-0.2.1 Types of Equipment
derrick, guy - a fixed derrick consisting of a mast ca-
derrick - an apparatus consisting of a mast or equiva- pable of being rotated 360 deg., but not continuous ro-
lent member held at the end by guys or braces, with or tation,supported in a verticalposition by guys and a
without a boom, for use with a hoisting mechanism and boom, the bottom end of which is hinged or pivoted to
operating ropes move in a vertical plane with a reeved rope between the
derrick,A-frume - a derrick in whichtheboomis head of the mast and the boom harness for lifting and
hingedfrom a crossmemberorpedestalbetweenthe lowering the boom, and a reeved rope from the boom
bottom ends of 2 upright members spread apart at the point for lifting and lowering the load (see Fig. 6)
lower ends and joined at the top, the boom point secured derrick, shearleg - a boom with or without a mast, not
to the junction of the side members, and the side mem- capable of swinging,hingedatthebottomandraised
bers are braced or guyed from this junction point (see and lowered by a boom hoist mechanism or a hydraulic
Fig. 1 ) cylinder (see Fig. 7)
derrick, basket - a derrick without a boom, similar to derrick, stifleg - a demck similarto a guy demck,
a gin pole, with its base supported by ropes attached to except that the mast is supported or held in place by 2
comer posts or other parts of the structure. The base is or more stiff members, called stifflegs, which are capable
at a lowerelevationthanitssupports.Thelocationof of resisting either tensileor compressive forces. Sills are
the base of a basket derrick can be changed by varying generally provided to connect the lower ends of the stiff-
the length of the rope supports. The top of the pole is legs to the foot of the mast (see Fig. 8).
secured with multiple reeved guys to position the top of
the pole to the desired location by varying the length of 6-0.2.2 General
the upper guy lines. The load is lifted and lowered by abnormaloperatingconditions - environmentalcon-
ropes through a sheave or block secured to the top of ditions that are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to
the pole (see Fig. 2 ) . or for the operationof a derrick, such as excessively high
5
FIG. 1 A-FRAME
DERRICK
FIG. 3 BREASTDERRICK
FIG. 2 BASKETDERRICK
T(!%
Holst
FIG. 7 SHEARLEGDERRICK
layer of strand laid in the opposite direction. This has ANSUAWS Dl.1-88, Structural Welding Code - Steel'
the effect of counteracting torque by reducing the ten-
dency of the finished rope to rotate. Publisher: American Welding Society
550 N.W. LeJeune Road
side Loading - a load applied at an angle to the vertical
Miami, F1 33I35
plane of the boom
sill - a member connecting the foot block and stiffleg,
or a memberconnectingthelowerendsof a double ASME B30.7-1994, Base Mounted Drum Hoists]
member mast ASME B30.8-1993,
Floating
Cranes
and
Floating
standby derrick - a derrick not in regular service which Derricks'
is used occasionally or intermittently as required
stifleg - a rigidmembersupportingthemastatthe ASME B30.1O- 1993, Hooks'
head
Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical
swing - rotation of the mast or boom for movements
Engineers
of loadsin a horizontaldirectionabouttheaxis of 345 East 47th Street
rotation NewYork,NY10017
two-blocking - the condition in which the lower load
block or hook assembly comes in contact with the upper ASME Order Department
load block or boom point sheave assembly 22 Law Drive
P.O. Box 2350
Fairfield. NJ 07007-9979
Section 6-0.3 - Reference to Other Codes and
Standards ANSI A 1264.1- 1989, Safety Requirements for Work-
WithiE thetext,referenceismadetothefollowing placeFloorandWallOpenings,Stairs,andRailing
publications, copies of which may be obtained from the Systems
publishers indicated.
Publisher: American National Standards Institute, Inc.
ANSUAWS D14.3-82, Specification for Welding Earth- 11 West 42nd Street
moving and Construction Equipment' NewYork,NY 10036
IO
Chapter 6-1
Construction and Installation
(3) be so secured as to oppose separating forces at (c) The nominal breaking strength of the most heav-
all times. ily loaded rope in a system shall not be less than 3%
times the load applied to that rope.
6-1.2.4 Gin Pole Derricks ( d ) Rotationresistantropesshallnotbe used for
(u) Guylinesshouldbesizedandspaced so asto boom hoist reeving.
maketheginpolestable in bothboomedandvertical
positions. 6-1.3.4 Load Hoist Ropes
(b) The base of the gin pole shall: (u) Loadhoistropesshallbeofasize,grade,and
( I ) permit movement of the pole, when required; construction to withstand the maximum load imposed.
( 2 ) provide means to anchor the pole against hor- (b) Ropes in the load hoisting systems shall be of a
izontal forces, when required. length for the entire rangeof movement specified for the
application with at least 2 full wraps of rope remaining
6-1.2.5 Chicago Boom Derricks on the hoist drum.
( c ) The nominal breaking strength of the most heav-
(u) The fittings for stepping the boom and for attach-
ment of the topping lift shall be arranged to: ilyloadedrope in asystemshallnotbelessthan 3%
( I ) permit the derrick to swing at all permitted op- times the load applied to that rope, except as specified
erating radii and mounting heights between fittings; in para. 6-1.3.4(d).
(2) accommodate attachment to the upright mem- NOTE: The rope design factors, asgiven inparas. 6-1.3.2, 6-1.3.3,
ber of the host structure; and 6-1.3.4 above, shall be determined on the basis of rope loads
resulting fromrated loads, specified reeving, and published nominal
(3) withstand the forces applied during normal op- breakingstrength of new rope. Consideration shall be given to fric-
eration with rated loads at permitted operating configu- tional losses where appropriate.
rations; Ropes of material other than steel may be used only in accordance
with the manufacturer’s, or a qualified person’s, recommendation.
( 4 ) preventthe b00r11 or topping lift from lifting
out under tensile forces. (d) Rotation resistant ropes shall have a design factor
of 5 or greater. [The design factor of 5 or greater for
rotation resistant ropes may be modified by the derrick
Section 6-1.3 - Ropes and Reeving userby complyingwiththeprovisionsofpara. 6-
Accessories 3.3.l(c)].
( e ) Rotation resistant ropes shall be given special care
6-1.3.1 General. Wherever exposed to temperatures in installation as they are more susceptible to damage
in excess of 180°F (82°C). rope having an independent than other types of rope.
wireropecore,wirestrandcore, or other temperature
damage-resistant core shall be used.
6-1.3.5 Reeving Accessories
(u) Poured, swaged, compressed,or wedge socket fit-
6-1.3.2 Guy Ropes tings shall be applied as recommendedby the rope, der-
(a) Guy ropes shall be of a size, grade, and construc- rick, or fitting manufacturer.
tion to withstand the maximum load imposed. (b) Rope end shall be anchored to the drum.
(b) The nominal breaking strength of each rope shall (c) Eyesshallbemadeinarecommendedmanner
notbelessthan3timesthestaticloadappliedtothe and rope thimbles should be used in the eye.
rope. ( d ) RopeclipsattachedwithU-boltsshallhavethe
( c ) Guyattachmentssuchasturnbucklesshallhave U-bolt on the deador short end of the rope. Spacing and
provision to prevent loosening during usage. number of all types of clips shall be in accordance with
the clip manufacturer’s recommendations. Nuts on clip
6-1.3.3 Boom Hoist Ropes bolts shall be tightened evenly to the manufacturer’s rec-
(u) Boom hoist ropes shall be of a size, grade, and ommendedtorque.Aftertheinitialloadisappliedto
construction to withstand the maximum load imposed. newly installed rope and the rope is under tension, the
(b) The live rope reeving system in a boom suspen- nuts on the clip bolts should be tightened again to the
sion shall withstand the maximum load imposed and be required torque in order to compensate for any decrease
of a length to permit lowering the boom point to hori- in rope diameter caused by the load.
zontalpositionwithatleast 2 fullwrapsofrope re- (e) Where a half wedge socket is used, it shall be of
maining on the hoist drum. a positive locking type.
12
Loop
back
method
Extra plece of same slze rope
I S cllpped to mam rope
6-1.3.6 Sheaves
( a ) Sheavegroovesshallbesmoothandfreefrom Section 6-1.4 - Anchoring and Guying
surfaceconditionsthatcouldcauseropedamage.The
6-1.4.1 Guy Derricks
cross-sectional radius at the bottom of the groove should
(o) The mast base shall be anchored. Maximum hor-
be such as to form a close-fitting saddle for the size rope
izontalandverticalforcesencounteredwhenhandling
used, and the sides of the groove should be tapered out-
ratedloadswiththeparticularguyslopeandspacing
ward to fxilitate entrance of the rope into the groove.
stipulated for the application are among the design fac-
Flange corners should be rounded, and the rims should
tors for which provision shall be made.
run true about the axis of rotation.
( b ) The guys shall be secured to the ground or other
( h ) Sheavescarryingropesthatcanbemomentarily
firm anchorage. Maximum horizontal and vertical forces
unloadedshallbeprovidedwith close fitting guards or
otherdevicestoguidetheropeback into thegroove
encountered while handling rated loads with the partic-
when the load is applied again. ular guy slope and spacing stipulated for the application
(c) Thesheavesinthelower load blockshouldbe are among the factorsfor which provision shall be made.
equippedwithclosefittingguardsthatwillreducethe
possibility of ropes becoming fouled when the block is 6-1.4.2 Stiffleg Derricks
lying on the ground with the ropes loose. (o) The mast base shall be anchored. Maximum hor-
( d ) Meansshouldbeprovided, if necessary, to pre- izontalandverticalforcesencounteredwhilehandling
vent chafing of the ropes. rated loads stipulated for the application with the partic-
( e ) All running sheaves shall be equipped with means ular stiftleg spacing and slope are among the design fac-
for lubrication or with permanently lubricated, sealed, or tors for which provision shall be made.
shielded bearings. ( b ) Thestifflegsshallbeanchored.Maximumhori-
cf) Hoistingsheavesshallhavepitchdiameters not zontalandverticalfarcesencounteredwhilehandling
less than 18 times the nominal diameterof the rope used. rated loads with the particular stiffleg arrangement stip-
Section 6-1.6 - General Requirements 6-1.6.4 Boom Angle Indicator. Boom angle indi-
6-1.6.1 Guards cator shouldbe provided and be readable by the operator
(u) Exposedmovingparts,suchasgears,ropes,set or the signal person, unless the demck hasonerating
screws, prDjecting keys, chains, chain sprockets, and re- for all boom angles.
14
Chapter 6-2
Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
Section 6-2.1 - Inspection servation during operation for any deficiencies anddam-
agewhichmightappearbetweenregularinspections.
6-2.1.1 Inspection Classification
Any deficiencies, such as those listed, shall be carefully
( a ) Inifid 1n.Tpection. Prior to initialuse, all new,
examined,and a determinationshall be made as to
reinstalled,altered, or modifiedderricksshallbein-
whether they constitute a hazard:
spected by adesignatedpersontoverifycompliance
( I ) all control mechanisms - inspect daily for ad-
with the provisions of this volume.
justment, wear, and lubrication
( b ) Inspectinlz Procedure. Inspectionprocedure for
( 2 ) all chords and lacing - inspect daily, visually
derricksinregularserviceisdividedintotwogeneral
(3) tension in guys - inspect daily, by observation
classifications based upon the intervals at which the in-
( 4 ) plumb of the mast - inspect visually
spection should be performed. The intervals in turn are
(5) externalindication of deterioration or leakage
dependent upon the nature of the critical components of
in air or hydraulic systems - inspect daily, visually
thederrickandthedegree of theirexposure to wear,
( 6 ) derrick hooks for deformation or cracks - for
deterioration, or malrunction. The twogeneralclassifi-
hookswithcracks or havingmorethan 15% inexcess
cations are herein designated as frequent and periodic,
of normal throatopening or morethan 10 deg.twist
with respective intervals between inspections as defined
fromtheplane of theunbenthook,refer to para. 6-
below.
2.3.3(c)( I )
(I) Frequent Inspec-ticm. Visualexaminationsby
(7) rope reeving - visual inspection for noncom-
the operator or other designated personnel with records
pliance with derrick manufacturer’s recommendations
not required.
(8) hoist brakes, clutches, and operating levers -
( u ) normalservice - monthly
checkdailyforproperfunctioningbeforebeginning
( b ) heavyservice - weekly to monthly
operations
(c) severe service - daily to weekly
(9) electrical apparatus - for malfunctioning,
( d ) special or infrequentservice - asrecom-
signs
of
excessive deterioration,
dirt
and
moisture
mendedby a qualified individual before and after each
accumulation
occurrence
(2) PeriodicInpxtiorz. Visualinspectionbyan
6-2.1.3 Periodic Inspection
appointedpersonmakingrecords of apparentexternal
( u ) Complete inspections of the derrick shall be per- (95)
conditions to
provide
the
basis
for a continuing formedatintervals, as definedinpara. 6-2.1.l(b)(2).
evaluation.
Any deficiencies, such as those listed, shall be examined,
( a ) normal
service - equipment in place:
and a determination made by a designated person as to
yearly whether they constitute a hazard. These inspections shall
( b ) heavy service - equipment in place:yearly
includetherequirementsofpara.6-2.1.2and, in addi-
(c) severe service - as in (b); quarterly tion, items such as the following:
( d ) special or infrequentservice - as author- ( I ) structuralmembersfordeformation,cracks,
izedby a qualifiedperson:beforethefirstsuchoccur- and corrosion;
renceand as directed by thequalifiedpersonforany (2) bolts and rivets for tightness;
subsequent occurrences ( 3 ) partssuch as pins,bearings,shafts,gears,
sheaves,drums,rollers,lockingandclampingdevices,
6-2.1.2 Frequent Inspection for wear, cracks, and distortion;
(95) ( N ) Itemssuch as thefollowingshallbeinspectedfor ( 4 ) gudgeonpin for cracks, wear, and distortion;
I deficiencies and
damage intervals
at as defined in para. (5) power plants for performance and compliance
6-2. I . 1 (h)( I ) , or as specifically indicated, including ob- with applicable safety requirements.
15
(b) Foundation or supports shallbe inspected for con- ( I ) the derrick to be repaired shall be arranged to
tinued ability to sustain the imposed loads. causetheleastinterferencewithotherequipmentand
operations in the area;
6-2.1.4 Derricks Not in Regular Use (2) all hoist drum dogs shall be engaged;
(a) A derrickwhichhasbeenidlefor 1 monthor ( 3 ) if electric hoist is used, the main or emergency
more, but less than 6 months, shall be given an inspec- switch shall be locked in the open position;
tion conforming with the requirements of paras. 6-2.1.2 ( 4 ) warning or out-of-order signs shall be placed
and 6-2.4.1(a) before being placed in service. on the derrick and hoist;
(6) A derrick which has been idle for more than 6 ( 5 ) the repairs of booms of derricks shall be made
months shall be givena complete inspection conforming either when the booms are lowered and supported or tied
with the requirements of paras. 6-2.1.2, 6-2.1.3, and 6- off;
2.4.1 (d).
( 6 ) a communicationsystemshallbesetupbe-
(c) Standby derricks, before being used, shall be in-
tweenthehoistoperatorandtheappointedpersonin
spected in accordance with paras. 6-2.1.4(a) or (b), de-
charge of derrickoperationsbeforeany work onthe
pending upon the interval since they were last used.
equipment is started;
6-2.1.5Inspection Records (for Periodic In- (7) weldingrepairsshallbeapproved byan ap-
spections). Dated inspection reportsor comparable re- pointed person.
cords shall be made on critical items, such as hoisting (b) Afteradjustmentsandrepairshavebeenmade,
machinery, sheaves, hooks, chains, ropes, and other lift- thederrickshallnotbereturnedtoserviceuntilall
ing devices. Dated records should be kept where readily guards have been reinstalled, safety devices reactivated,
available to appointed personnel. and maintenance equipment removed.
16
17
1% in. (32 mm) to 1% in. (28 mm) %2 in. (2.4 mm) 6-2.4.2 Rope Maintenance
NOTE: ( a ) Ropeshallbestoredtopreventdamage or
(1) Denotes, throughout. the nominal metric size equivalent to the deterioration.
nominal customary size shown.
( b ) Unreeling or uncoiling of rope shall be performed
( 8 ) in standing ropes, more than 2 broken wires asrecommendedbytheropemanufacturer,withcare
in 1 lay in sectionsbeyondendconnections, or more taken to avoid kinking or inducing a twist.
than 1 broken wire at an end connection. ( c ) Before cutting a rope, seizings shall be placed on
(3) Broken wire removal criteria cited in this vol- each side of the location where the rope is to be cut to
ume apply to wire rope operating on steel sheaves and prevent unlaying of the strands. On preformed rope, 1
drums. The user shall contact the sheave, drum, or der- seizing on each side of the cut is required. On nonpre-
rick manufacturer, or a qualified person, for broken wire formed ropes of % in. (22 mm) diameter or smaller, 2
removal criteria for wire ropes operatingon sheaves and seizings on each side of the cut are required; for non-
drums made of material other than steel. preformed rope of 1 in. (25 mm) diameter and larger, 3
( 4 ) Replacement rope shall have a strength rating seizings on each side of the cut are required.
at least as great as the original rope furnished by the ( d ) Duringinstallation,careshall be exercisedto
demck manufacturer.Anydeviationfromtheoriginal avoid dragging the rope in dirt or around objects that
size, grade, or construction shall be specified by a rope will scrape, nick, crush, or induce sharp bends in it.
manufacturer,thederrickmanufacturer, or aqualified ( e ) Ropeshouldbemaintainedinawell-lubricated
person. condition. It is important that lubricant applied as part
( d ) Ropes Note in Regular Use. All rope which has of a maintenance program shall be compatible with the
been idle for a period of 1 month or more due to shut- original lubricant, and to this end the rope manufacturer
down or storage of the demck on which it is installed should be consulted; lubricant applied shall be the type
shall be given an inspection in accordance with para 6- which does not hinder visual inspection. Those sections
2.4.l(b) beforeitisplacedinservice.Thisinspection of rope which are located over sheaves or otherwise hid-
shall be for all types of deterioration and shall be per- den during inspection and maintenance procedures re-
formed by an appointed or authorized person whose ap- quire special attention when lubricating rope. The object
proval shall be required for further use of the rope. of rope lubrication is to reduce internal friction and to
(e) InspectionRecords preventcorrosion.Periodicfieldlubricationisparticu-
(1) Frequent inspection - no records required. larly important for rotation resistant rope.
(2) Periodic inspection- in order to establish data cf, Whenan operatingropeshowsgreaterwearat
as a basis for judging the proper time for replacement, well-defined localized areas than on the remainder of the
a dated reportof rope condition at each periodic inspec- rope, rope life canbe extended, in cases where a reduced
tion shall be kept on file. This report shall cover points rope length is adequate, by cutting off a section at one
of deterioration listed in para. 6-2.4.1(b)(2). end, thus shifting the wear to different areas of the rope.
18
Chapter 6-3
Operation
( d ) Evidencethatanoperator is subject to seizures u> All controls shall be tested by the operator before
or loss of physical control shall be reason for disquali- beginning a new shift. If anycontrols do notoperate
fication.Specializedmedicaltests mayberequiredto properly, they shall be adjusted or repaired before op-
determine these conditions. erations begin.
(e) Operators and operator trainees should have nor-
mal depth perception, fieldof vision, reaction time, man-
ual dexterity, coordination, and no tendencies to dizzi- Section 6-3.3 - Handling the Load
ness or similar undesirable characteristics.
6-3.3.1 Size of Load
( a ) No derrick shall be loaded beyond the rated load
6-3.2.3 Conduct of Operators
for the particular derrick configuration.
(a) Theoperatorshall not engage in any practice
(b) When loads approach the maximum rating of the
which will divert his attention while actually engaged in
derrick, the person responsible for the job shall ascertain
operating the demck hoist.
that the weight of the load has been determined within
(b) Whenphysically or mentally unfit, an operator
2 10% before it is lifted.
shall not engage in the operation of the derrick hoist.
(c) Whenrotationresistant ropes are usedwithan
(c) The operator shall respond to signals only from
operating design factor less than 5 , but in no case less
the person who is directing the lift, or an appointed sig-
than 3.5, the special provisions that follow shall apply.
nal person. However, the operator shall obey a stop sig-
( I ) For each such lifting assignment:
nal at all times, no matter who gives it.
( a ) an appointed person shall direct each lift;
( d ) Each operator shall be responsible for those op-
(b) a qualifiedpersonshallascertainthatthe
erationsundertheoperator’sdirectcontrol.Whenever
rope
is in satisfactory
condition
[see
paras. 6-
there is any doubt as to safety, the operator shall consult
2.4.l(a)(l)(a) through (a)(l)(d)] bothbeforeandafter
with the director before handling a load.
lifting; but more than 1 broken wire in any one lay shall
( e ) The operator shall not leave the equipment unat-
be reason to consider not using the rope for such lifts;
tended until notified by the director that it is safe to do
(c) operations shall be conducted in such a man-
so. Before leaving, the operator should:
ner and at such speeds as to reduce dynamic effects.
( I ) land any attached load;
( 2 ) Eachliftundertheseprovisionsshall bere-
( 2 ) disengageclutches;
corded in the derrick inspection record, and such prior
(3) put the handles of controlsin the OFF position;
uses shall be considered before permitting another such
( 4 ) open main switch or stop the engine;
lift.
( 5 ) engage manual locking devices in the absence
(3) Theseprovisionsarenotintendedtopermit
of automatic holding equipment.
duty cycle or repetitive lifts to be made with operating
(f, If there is a warning sign on the switch or engine
design factors less than 5.
startingcontrols,thederrickhoistoperatorshallnot
closetheswitch or startoperationsuntilthesign has
been removed by an appointed person. 6-3.3.2 Attaching the Load
(g) Before closing the switchor starting the hoist en- ( a ) The hoist rope shall not be wrapped around the
gine, the derrick hoist operator shall see to it thatall load.
controls are in the OFF position and all personnel arein (b) The load shall be attached to the hook by means
the clear. of slings or other devices of sufficient capacities.
(h) If power fails during operations, the derrick hoist
operator shall: 6-3.3.3 Moving the Load
( I ) lower load to ground, if possible; ( a ) The person directing the lift shall see that the load
( 2 ) set all brakes or locking devices; is wellsecuredandproperlybalanced in thesling or
(3) move all clutch or other power controls to the lifting device before it is lifted more than a few inches.
OFF position; (b) Beforestartingthelift,notethefollowingcon-
( 4 ) communicate with the director. ditions:
( i ) The operator shall be familiar with the equipment ( 1 ) hoist rope shall not be kinked;
and its proper care. If adjustments or repairs are neces- ( 2 ) multiple part lines shall not be twisted around
sary, or any defects are known, the operator shall report each other;
them to the director and also notify the next operator of (3) the hook shall be brought over the load in such
the defects when changing shifts. a manner as to prevent swinging;
20
( 6 ) The sides of theplatformshall be enclosed (c) lifted to a vertical position and secured to the mast
o floor from
(7) If accessdoorsareinstalled,theyshallopen ( d ) secured against stiffleg for stiffleg derrick.
only to the interior of the platform. Access doors shall
be equipped with a device to restrain the door from in-
opening.
advertently 6-3.4 Section - Signals
(8) Theplatformshallhaveoverheadprotection
6-3.4.1 Standard Signals. Standard signals to the
when there is an overhead hazard. operator shall bein accordancewiththestandardpre-
(9) The platformshall be easilyidentifiable by
scribed in paras. 6-3.4.2 and 6-3.4.3, unless voice com-
high-visibility color or marking. munication equipment (telephone, radio, or equivalent)
(10) The platform shall be attached by means such
is utilized. Signals shall be discernible or audible at all
as, butnotlimitedto,ashackle,hook(latched or
times. No responseshallbemadeunlesssignalsare
moused), or wedge and socket attachment. A wedge and
clearly understood.
socket attachment shall have a clip on the free end of
the load line (see Fig. 9). 6-3.4.2 Hand Signals.Hand signals shall be in ac-
( I I ) The suspensionsystemshallminimizeincli-
cordance with Fig.10 and shall be posted conspicuously.
nation of the platform due to the movement of personnel
on the platform. 6-3.4.3 Bell or Light Signals. Bells of different
tones shall be used for boom, load, runner (whip), and
6-3.3.5 Holding the Load
swinger. Where electrically activated, both bell and light
(a) The operator shall not leave the controls while the
signal systems shall have safety lights of a different color
load is suspended unless the precautions in the excep-
littoindicatethatthesignalsystemiseffective.The
tions as listed in paras. 6-3.3.5(b) through(d) have been
signals shall be as follows.
taken.
(a) Whenoperating, 1 bell or light means stop.
(h) People should not be permitted to stand or pass
(6) Whenstopped, 1 bellorlightmeans fijt; 2 bells
under a load on the hook.
or lights means lower.
(c) If the load must remain suspended for any con-
(c) Whentemporarily stopped, 3 or 4 bells or lights
siderable length of time, a dog, a pawl and ratchet, or
alternatelyontheboom and load mean dog ir of or
other equivalent means, rather than the brake alone, shall
stopping for some time.
be used to hold the load.
( d ) When dogged ofi before starting, ring 3or 4 bells
( d ) Asanexceptiontopara.6-3.3.5(a),undersuch
or light 3 or 4 lights alternately on the boom and load,
circumstances where a load is to be held suspended for
meaning get ready to start work again.
a period of time exceeding normal lifting -~ operations, the
operator may leave his position at t k . controls, provided,
6-3.4.4 Special Signals. Somespecialoperations
priortothattime,theappointedindividualandoperator may require additions to, or modifications of, the basic
have established the requirements for dogging the hoist
signals standardized herein. In all such cases, these spe-
and providing notices, barricades,or whatever other pre-
cialsignalsshould be agreedupon,thoroughlyunder-
cautions may be necessary.
stood by thedirector,signalperson,andtheoperator,
and should not be in conflict with the standard signals.
6-3.3.6 Use of Winch Heads
(a) Ropes shall not be handled on a winch head with-
6-3.4.5 Instructions. If it is desired to give instruc-
out the knowledge of the operator.
tions to the operator other than those provided for in the
(b) While a winch head is being used, the operator
standardsignalsystem,thederrickmotionsshallbe
shall be within reach of the power unit control lever.
stopped.
6-3.3.7 SecuringBoom. Dogs, pawls, or other pos-
itiveholdingmechanismsonthehoistshallbeengaged. Section 6-3.5 -
Miscellaneous
When not in use, the derrick boom shall be either:
down; (a) laid Extinguishers
6-3.5.1 Fire
(b) secured to a stationary member, as nearly under (a) A portablefireextinguisher,withabasicmini-
the head as possible, by attachment of a sling to the load mum extinguisher rating of 10 BC, shall be installed in
block; the cab or at the machinery housing.
22
t HOIST
LOW E R
Wlth arm extended downward,
Wlth forearm verttcal, fore
foreflnger polntlng down, move
flnger polnttng up, move hand
hand In small horlzontal clrcles
tn small horlzontal clrcle
RAISE BOOM
LOWER BOOM
A r m extended, flngers closed,
A r m extended, fingers closed,
thumb polntlng upward
thumbpolnttngdownward
MOVE SLOWLY
Use onehandtoglveany RAISE THE BOOM A N D
motoon slgnal and place other LOWER THE LOAD
hand'mottonless tn f r o n t o f Wltharmextended,thumb
hand gwng the motlon stgnal polntlng up, flex fingers In
(Holst slowly shown as andout as long as load
example ) movement I S deslred
23
DOG EVERYTHING
Clasp hands In front o f body
(b) Operating and maintenance personnel shallbe fa- TABLE 1 REQUIREDCLEARANCE FOR
miliarwiththeuseandcareofthefireextinguishers NORMAL VOLTAGE IN OPERATION NEAR
provided. HIGH VOLTAGE POWER LINES
Minimum Required
6-3.5.2 Refueling Clearance
( a ) When refueling with a portable container, it shall Normal Voltage, kV
(Phase to Phasel ft (m)
be of a safety-type can equipped withan automatic clos-
ing cap and flame arrester.
(b) The machine shallnot be refueled with the engine When Operating Near High Voltage PowerLines
running. to 50 (3.05) 10
Over 50 to 200 (4.57) 15
(c) Smoking or open flames shall be prohibited in the Over 200 to 350 20 (6.10)
refueling area. Over 350 to 500 (7.62) 25
Over 500 to 750 (10.67) 35
(13.72)
Over 750
45 to 1000
6-3.5.3 Operating Near Electric Power Lines
( a ) Demcks shall be operated so that no part of the While in Transit With No Lead and Boom or Mast Lowered
to 0.75 22)4 (1
derrick or load enters into the danger zone shown in Fig. Over 0.75 to 50 6 (1.83)
11. Over 50 to 345 10 (3.05)
(4.88)Over16
345 to 750
EXCEPTIONS: (6.1 750
Over 20to 1000 O)
(1) The danger zone may be entered if the electrical distribution and
transmission lines have been deenergized and visibly grounded at
the point of work, or (c) Beforethecommencement of operationsnear
(2) The danger zone may be entered if insulating barriers (not a part
of or an attachment to the derrick) have
electrical lines, the person responsible for the job shall
been erected to prevent
physical contact with the lines. notify the owners of the lines or their authorized repre-
sentatives, providing them with all pertinent information
( I ) For lines rated 50 kV or below, minimum clear- and requesting their cooperation.
ance between the lines and any part of the derrick or ( d ) Any overhead wire shall be considered to be an
load shall be 10 ft (3.0 m). energized line unless and until the person owning such
(2) For lines rated over 50 kv, minimum clearance line or the electrical utility authorities verify that it is
betweenthelinesandanypartofthederrick or load not an energized line.
shall be 10 ft (3.0 m) plus 0.4 in. (10.2 mm) for each 1 ( e ) Exceptions to this procedure, if approved by the
kV over 50 kv, or use twice the length of the line in- owner of the electrical lines, may be granted by the ad-
sulator, but never less than 10 ft (3.0 m) (see Table I ) . ministrative or regulatory authority if the alternate pro-
(3) Caution shall be exercised when working near cedure provides protection and is set forth in writing.
overheadlinesbecausetheycanmovehorizontallyor v) Durable signs shall be installed at the operator’s
vertically due to wind, moving the danger zone to new station and on the outside of the derrick, warning that
positions. electrocution or serious bodily injury may occur unless
( 4 ) In transit with no load and boom lowered, the a minimum clearance of 10 ft (3.0 m) is maintained be-
clearance shall be a minimum of 4 ft (1.2 m) (see Table tween the derrick or the load being handled and ener-
gizedpowerlines.Greaterclearancesarerequiredbe-
1h
( 5 ) A qualified signal person shall be assigned to cause of higher voltage as stated in para. 6-3.5.3(a)(2).
These signs shall be revised but not removed when local
observe the clearance and give warning before approach-
jurisdiction requires greater clearances.
ing the above limits.
( h ) If cage-typeboomguards,insulatinglinks, or 6-3.5.4 Cab or Operating Enclosure
proximitywarningdevicesareusedonderricks,such (u) Necessary clothing and personal belongings shall
devices shall not be considered a substitute for the re- be stored in such a manner as not to interfere with access
quirements of para. 6-3.5.3(a), even if such devices are or operation.
required bylaw or regulation. Limitations of such de- (b) Tools, oil cans, waste, extra fuses, and other nec-
vices shall be understood by the operating personnel and essary articles shall be stored in the tool box and shall
tested in the manner prescribed by the manufacturer of not be permitted to lie loose in or about the cab oper-
the device. ating enclosure.
25
A
l
Thls area should be avolded
t
I
FIG. 11 DANGER ZONE FOR DERRICKS AND LIFTED LOADS OPERATING NEAR ELECTRICAL
TRANSMISSION LINES
26