English - Intermediate

1. Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense................................................................................... 3

1. Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense....................................................................................... 3
2. Wedding Traditions from around the World........................................................................................... 3
3. These 9 tech firms pay the best entry-level salaries................................................................................ 3
2. Past Simple Tense................................................................................................................................. 4
4. Past Simple Tense................................................................................................................................. 4
5. The Tuxedo.......................................................................................................................................... 4
6. The ZX Spectrum.................................................................................................................................. 4
7. The First Computer Programmer........................................................................................................... 4
3. Adjectives............................................................................................................................................. 5
8. Adjectives............................................................................................................................................ 5
9. Qualities of a Good Friend..................................................................................................................... 5
4. Question Tags....................................................................................................................................... 6
10. Question Tags.................................................................................................................................... 6
11. Social Media Marketing...................................................................................................................... 6
5. Past Continuous Tense......................................................................................................................... 7
12. Past Continuous Tense........................................................................................................................ 7
13. The Worst Vacation Ever..................................................................................................................... 7
6. Used to, be used to.............................................................................................................................. 8
14. Used to, be used to............................................................................................................................. 8
15. The Story of The BBC.......................................................................................................................... 8
7. Present Perfect and Past Simple Tense............................................................................................... 9
16. Present Perfect and Past Simple Tense................................................................................................. 9
17. Apple Macintosh................................................................................................................................ 9
8. Present Perfect Continuous Tense...................................................................................................... 10
18. Present Perfect Continuous Tense...................................................................................................... 10
19. Bermuda........................................................................................................................................... 10
9. Modal Verbs........................................................................................................................................ 11
20. Modal Verbs...................................................................................................................................... 11
21. Make a Specialty............................................................................................................................... 11
22. Robots are Coming for Dirty, Dangerous, and Dull Jobs........................................................................ 11
10. Reported Speech.............................................................................................................................. 12
23. Reported Speech.............................................................................................................................. 12
24. My Story How Technology Helped Me................................................................................................ 12
11. Relative Clauses................................................................................................................................ 13
25. Relative Clauses................................................................................................................................ 13
26. Cultural Differences.......................................................................................................................... 13
27. The Rise of Android.......................................................................................................................... 13
12. Passive Voice.................................................................................................................................... 14
28. Passive Voice.................................................................................................................................... 14
29. Social Networking Sites..................................................................................................................... 14
30. Dressing for Work............................................................................................................................. 14

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13. Causative Have................................................................................................................................. 15
31. Causative Have................................................................................................................................. 15
32. Prepare Yourself for Summer Holidays............................................................................................... 15
14. The First Conditional........................................................................................................................ 16
33. The First Conditional......................................................................................................................... 16
34. Signs You Just Nailed That Job Interview............................................................................................ 16
15. The Second Conditional.................................................................................................................... 17
35. The Second Conditional.................................................................................................................... 17
36. What If We Didn`t Need Sleep........................................................................................................... 17
16. Past Perfect Tense............................................................................................................................ 18
37. Past Perfect Tense............................................................................................................................ 18
38. How Twins Work.............................................................................................................................. 18
17. Past Perfect Continuous Tense........................................................................................................ 19
39. Past Perfect Continuous Tense.......................................................................................................... 19
40. The Biggest Mystery in Mathematics Shinichi Mochizuki and the Impenetrable Proof........................... 19
18. Past Modals...................................................................................................................................... 20
41. Past Modals..................................................................................................................................... 20
42. Coping with Stress in the Work Place................................................................................................. 20
19. The Third Conditional....................................................................................................................... 21
43. The Third Conditional........................................................................................................................ 21
44. Wish................................................................................................................................................ 21
45. Lie and Deception............................................................................................................................. 21
46. Some Things I wish I hadn`t Said to My Girlfriend................................................................................ 21

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1. Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense

1. Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense

Present Simple je vreme koje se upotrebljava da opiše uobičajene radnje, običaje, navike subjekta, dok se Present
Continuous koristi da opiše radnju koja se dešava u trenutku govora, privremenu radnju i planove za budućnost.

2. Wedding Traditions from around the World

In this text Present Simple Tense was used in order to present some facts. Also, we have learned many new and,
above all, interesting facts about cultural wedding traditions and customs.

3. These 9 tech firms pay the best entry-level salaries

In this article Present Simple is used to describe facts and data. We have learned many facts about some giant
companies and about salaries their employees have. There was also a wide range of new vocabulary.

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2. Past Simple Tense

4. Past Simple Tense

Ono što je važno zapamtiti je da se prošlo vreme koristi za radnju koja se završila u određeno vreme u prošlosti,
dakle, tačno se zna kada se radnja završila. Odrednice koje su karakteristične za prošlo vreme su yesterday, last,
ago. Pravilni glagoli u prošlom vremenu dobijaju nastavak -ed ili -d, dok se nepravilni uče napamet.

5. The Tuxedo

You have had a chance to find out how the tuxedo got its name. The text illustrates the use of the past simple
tense and enriches the vocabulary. You have come across the translation of the underlined words into Serbian as
well as the synonyms of the underlined words.

6. The ZX Spectrum

You have had a chance to get yourself acquainted with ZX Spectrum, the first computer for many people, and its
impact on IT industry worldwide. The texts illustrates the use of the past simple tense and enriches your
vocabulary. You have come across the translation of the underlined words into Serbian as well as the synonyms of
the underlined words. Hope you have enjoyed the text!

7. The First Computer Programmer

In summary, ‘Ada Lovelace, the first computer programmer’ is a text which illustrates the life of one of the first
women in the world of technology. You have learnt about a genius and her legacy. There are also examples of the
use of the past simple tense. In addition to the translation of the underlined words into Serbian, you have had a
chance to learn synonyms in English. Hope you have enriched your vocabulary and enjoyed your reading!

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3. Adjectives

8. Adjectives

Pridevi koji se završavaju na -ing opisuju situaciju, osobu ili stvar, dok pridevi koji se završavaju na -ed opisuju kako
se neko oseća. Na primer, ukoliko pričamo o a surprising number, to znači da nas taj broj iznenađuje, međutim,
ukoliko kažemo a surprised person, u pitanju je osoba koju je nešto iznenadilo.

9. Qualities of a Good Friend

In summary, good friends are hard to find and also hard to keep. In this text excellent advice can be found
regarding how to preserve friendship. You have come across the translation of the underlined words into Serbian
as well as the synonyms of the underlined words. Hope you have enjoyed the text!

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4. Question Tags

10. Question Tags

Ono što je važno zapamtiti jeste da je dozvoljena samo jedna negacija i da vreme mora da bude isto i u glavnoj
rečenici i u Question Tag konstrukciji! Upitni privesci su posebna konstrukcija u engleskom jeziku, nalaze se na
kraju rečenice i obavezno se odvajaju zarezom.

He’s bought this book, hasn’t he? (Present Perfect)

He bought this book, didn’t he? (Past Simple)
He’s buying this book, isn’t he? (Present Continuous)
He buys books, doesn’t he? (Present Simple)
He’ll buy this book, won’t he? (Future)

11. Social Media Marketing

You have read a text that enriches your vocabulary and the dialogue also provides you with examples of the use
of question tags in English. By reading the dialogue about the employees who discuss the company’s strengths
and weaknesses in relation to their competitors, you are provided with an example of how to communicate in the
business setting. You get an insight into the dynamics of the company, its challenges and objectives. We hope you
have enjoyed the dialogue! 

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5. Past Continuous Tense

12. Past Continuous Tense

U lekciji smo videli na koji način se gradi prošlo trajno vreme. Važno je zapamtiti da se ovo vreme koristi za radnju
koja je u prošlosti duže vreme trajala, za dve radnje koje su se u prošlom vremenu paralelno dešavale i za prošlu
radnju koja je duže trajala, a prekinuta je nekom drugom prošlom radnjom. Takođe, videli smo i to da se glagoli
koji se ne koriste u Present Continuous Tenseu ne koriste ni u Past Continuous Tenseu.

13. The Worst Vacation Ever

In this tremendously interesting story we could see how Past Continuous and Past Simple Tense were used. Both
Past Continuous and Past Simple are tenses that are most often used when telling stories from the past. Many
bad things happened to the family and those things were described using many new verbs. Unfortunately, we all
experienced bad things at our vacations, these are the tenses that should be used in order to describe them.

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6. Used to, be used to

14. Used to, be used to

Važno je zapamtiti da se oblik USED TO koristi samo kada pričamo o prošlosti. Nije u pitanju vreme, ali se ponaša
kao vreme. U pitanju je, dakle, posebna struktura koja se koristi samo kada pričamo o nekim radnjama u prošlosti.
Oblik Be Used To + Present Participle se koristi kada govorimo o stvarima na koje smo navikli, i najčešće se koristi
u sadašnjem vremenu: He is used to staying late at work, but she isn’t.; My mother is used to being nice with
everybody.

15. The Story of The BBC

You have just read another text which enriches your vocabulary and hopefully learnt something new. ‘The story of
the BBC’, deals with the British Broadcasting Company, from its foundation onwards. The impact of the BBC is
undeniable. You have read how BBC changed over the years and what this respectable British service presently
encompasses. Do you ever watch BBC news? What do you think about the British Broadcasting Company and
their programmes?

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7. Present Perfect and Past Simple Tense

16. Present Perfect and Past Simple Tense

Present Perfect je vreme koje se koristi kada govorimo o radnjama koje su se dogodile u neodređenom trenutku u
prošlosti. Važno je zapamtiti koje su vremenske odrednice karakteristične za Present Perfect (ever, never, just,
yet, already, since, for, lately, recently, this morning, this summer),kao i odrednicu IN THE LAST. Past Simple je
vreme koje nam jasno ukazuje na to kada se radnja završila u prošlosti. Odrednice karakteristične za Past Simple
su yesterday, last month, last summer, three days ago, in 1989, when I was a child...

17. Apple Macintosh

Hope you have enjoyed the text, called Apple Macintosh. Undoubtedly, many Apple users owe a lot to Steve Jobs
who was certainly one of the most important and respectable IT experts. His legacy is undeniable and he will
continue to remain a great influence for the generation of programmers to follow. The text has also provided you
with the use of the past simple tense as well as new vocabulary.

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8. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

18. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

U lekciji smo videli na koji način se gradi Present Perfect Continuous. Usvojili smo sve njegove oblike – potvrdan,
odričan i upitni oblik. Najvažnije je zapamtiti kada se ovaj oblik koristi i koje su razlike između Present Perfect
Tensea i Present Perfect Continuous Tensea. Present Perfect Tense se koristi kada govorimo o radnjama koje su se
dogodile u neodređenom trenutku u prošlosti i gde je jasno naznačeno da je radnja završena. Present Perfect
Continuous Tense se koristi kada govorimo o radnjama za koje nismo sasvim sigurni da su završene. Takođe je
važno da se zapamti da Present Perfect Continuous može da se prevodi kao sadašnje i prošlo vreme, u zavisnosti
od situacije.

19. Bermuda

To conclude, you have just read the text which certainly enriches your vocabulary. You have had a chance to find
out more about the Bermuda triangle and the ships that have disappeared in that triangle.
When it comes to grammar, you have come across the use of different tenses, including the use of Present
Perfect Continuous. 

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9. Modal Verbs

20. Modal Verbs

U lekciji koju smo upravo obradili videli smo da su modalni glagoli u engleskom CAN, COULD, SHALL, SHOULD,
MAY, MIGHT, WILL, WOULD, MUST. Modalni glagoli su isti za sva lica. Za sposobnost ili mogućnost koristi se i
glagol be able to,koji može da se koristi u svim vremenima, kao i glagol have to.

21. Make a Specialty

All in all, you have just read the text which certainly enriches your vocabulary. You have had a chance to find out
more about the Serbian cuisine, recipes, and the Serbian people in general. When it comes to grammar, you have
come across the use of different tenses, including the use of modal verbs. Hope you have found this article
interesting.

22. Robots are Coming for Dirty, Dangerous, and Dull Jobs

To sum up, you have just read the text which certainly enriches your vocabulary. You have had a chance to find
out more about the ‘artificial intelligence’, computers and robots and their impact on the labour market. The text
also illustrates advantages and disadvantages of the use of robots in the world of work. When it comes to
grammar, you have come across the use of different tenses, including the use of modal verbs. Hope you have
found this article interesting.

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10. Reported Speech

23. Reported Speech

U datoj lekciji smo videli da je kod indirektnog govora, tj. prepričavanja šta je neko rekao, najvažnije slaganje
vremena. Mora se podrobno znati svako glagolsko vreme kako bi se nečija izjava prebacila u indirektan govor.

24. My Story How Technology Helped Me

Hope you have enjoyed the text. The text provides you with the grammatical rules when it comes to reported speech
as well as new vocabulary. Jo’s personal account on the use of new technologies in her everyday life is central to the
story.

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11. Relative Clauses

25. Relative Clauses

Umetnute odnosne rečenice nam daju dodatne informacije o stvarima/osobama, bez njih rečenica može da
funkcioniše. Odredbene odnosne rečenice nam govore na koju osobu ili stvar govornik misli, bez njih u rečenici ne
bismo znali o kome ili čemu je reč. Kada bismo izostavili umetnutu odnosnu rečenicu, značenje rečenice bi i dalje
bilo potpuno, međutim, ako izostavimo odredbenu odnosnu rečenicu, to onda utiče na razumevanje rečenice.

26. Cultural Differences

There are cultural and ideological differences in every country and it is of great importance to have an
understanding about a culture’s customs. It is very important to recognize that people from different countries
are different in many ways. 

27. The Rise of Android

As we have already pointed out, Android startup is understood to be the world's biggest computing platform. This
text has illustrated its beginnings and the struggles of its founders to launch Android as a computing platform.In
addition to enriching your vocabulary the text has also provided you with the examples of relative clauses.

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12. Passive Voice

28. Passive Voice

U lekciji smo naučili kako se gradi pasiv u engleskom jeziku i kad se upotrebljava. Da bi se napravio pasiv u
engleskom, neophodno je odlično poznavanje svih vremena. Samo prelazni glagoli mogu da imaju pasivne oblike.
Pasiv se, za razliku od srpskog jezika, češće koristi kako u govoru, tako i u pisanju.

29. Social Networking Sites

Hope you have enjoyed the text, called ‘Social Networking Sites’. You have learnt more about social media such as
MySpace, Facebook, Orkut. These networking sites are popular because they help people meet and discuss things
online. MySpace used to be very popular but it has become obsolete over the years. However, the popularity of
Facebook is still undeniable. The text has also provided you with the use of the passive voice as well as new
vocabulary. 

30. Dressing for Work

In this text we could see the use of passive: style is stifled, are concerned, is cheaply made, may be judged, are
sold. The text also included useful advice regarding dressing for work.

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13. Causative Have

31. Causative Have

Causative have je konstrukcija koja se često koristi u engleskom jeziku. Koristimo je kada hoćemo da naglasimo da
je neko drugi za nekog uradio nešto (okrečio kuću, popravio kola itd). Data konstrukcija se koristi u svim
vremenima.

32. Prepare Yourself for Summer Holidays

Causative have is used when we want to talk about something that someone else did for us or for another
person: I had all of our stuff packed, we had our hotel room reserved, we had our photos done, I had to have my
hair cut, I had my bags carried. This form is often used in the English language.

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14. The First Conditional

33. The First Conditional

Najvažnije je zapamtiti da se prvi kondicional odnosi na realne situacije, situacije iz realnog života, i da su šanse da
se neki uslov ostvari 50%. Prvi kondicional se gradi po obrascu if + present simple + will. U slučaju da govorimo o
naučnim činjenicama ili drugim izvesnim radnjama, u glavnoj rečenici se može desiti da se javi i Present Simple
Tense.

34. Signs You Just Nailed That Job Interview

In conclusion, there are many telltale signs to look for in the interview. In the text, you could see how to notice
those signs. Also, there were many examples of conditionals.

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15. The Second Conditional

35. The Second Conditional

Važna stvar kod drugog kondicionala je da ne postoji realna mogućnost da će se uslov ispuniti, tj. jako su male
šanse da se to desi.

36. What If We Didn`t Need Sleep

In this text, we have seen how different and hard our lives would be if we didn’t sleep enough. Work schedules
would be completely different as well as the economy and our health. All in all, the world would never be the
same. We have learnt many new words and revised the second conditional.

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16. Past Perfect Tense

37. Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense je vreme koje se koristi za radnju koja se dogodila pre neke druge radnje u prošlosti ili pre
nekog konkretnog trenutka u prošlosti. Past Perfect se uvek dešava PRE Past Simple vremena, odnosno, Past
Simple se uvek dešava POSLE Past Perfect vremena.

38. How Twins Work

Being an identical twin is something beautiful and unique. There is nothing in the world so perfect as having a
twin brother or sister. We also revised the use of Past Perfect in the text: Springer learned of his twin sibling at
age eight, but both he and his adoptive parents believed the sibling had died.; One Jim had named his son
!n!James Allan!n! and the other Jim had named his son !n!James Alan.!n!; Each twin had driven his light-blue
Chevrolet to Pas Grille beach in Florida for family vacations. etc.

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17. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

39. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Važno je zapamtiti da je Past Perfect Continuous vreme koje se koristi za radnju koja je trajala do nekog trenutka u
prošlosti. Potencira se trajanje radnje!

40. The Biggest Mystery in Mathematics Shinichi Mochizuki and the Impenetrable
Proof

In this text we could seen how difficult it actually is to be a genius. Mochizuki has discovered something
outstanding but nobody understood his brilliant mind. There was a wide range of vocabulary in the text as well as
grammar, especially Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous Tense.

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18. Past Modals

41. Past Modals

Videli smo da se posebni modali koriste u posebnim situacijama u prošlosti. Od konteksta zavisi da li ćemo koristiti
MUST, COULD, MAY/MIGHT itd. Prošli modali se grade od glagola HAVE i Past Participa glavnog glagola, i učestali
su kako u govornom, tako i u pisanom engleskom. 

42. Coping with Stress in the Work Place

In conclusion, we have learned how to cope with everyday stress and how to use past modal verbs. The only thing
that should be done is to use all the advice given about how to help ourselves.

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19. The Third Conditional

43. The Third Conditional

Treći kondicional je tip uslovnih rečenica koje smatramo nemogućim. Kada je u pitanju treći kondicional, samo
možemo da konstatujemo da se nešto dogodilo i da ne možemo ništa da uradimo povodom toga.

44. Wish

Ukoliko je u pitanju radnja koja ne može da se ostvari u sadašnjosti, posle glagola WISH se koristi Past Simple. Za
neostvarenu želju u prošlosti posle glagola WISH se koristi Past Perfect.

45. Lie and Deception

After reading the text we can see how positive lying can be. The so-called ‘white lies’ became a natural part of our
life. The important thing is to detect when not telling the whole truth becomes a lie.

46. Some Things I wish I hadn`t Said to My Girlfriend

Regret is an emotional reaction to our past acts and behaviour. In the English language we use past tense forms to
talk about wishes for the present. We use the past perfect to talk about wishes for the past.

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