Fasteners and Safetying Devices

New Vocabulary
alloy ‫ ערבוב מתכות‬,‫סגסוגת‬
bent ‫מכופף‬
bolt ‫בורג ללא חריץ‬
copper ‫נחושת‬
cotter pin ‫סיכה מתפצלת‬
device ‫ התקן‬,‫מכשיר‬
engage ‫ להתחבר‬/ ‫להשתלב‬
fasten ‫להדק‬
fastener ‫מהדק‬
fit ‫להתאים‬
flexible ‫גמיש‬
hold ‫להחזיק‬
installation ‫התקנה‬
interlock ‫להשתלב‬
metal ‫מתכת‬
mushroom ‫לשטח‬
nut ‫אום‬
plain ‫שטוח‬
pounded ‫הלם‬
rivet ‫מסמרה‬
slotted ‫בעל חריץ‬
smooth ‫חלק‬
split ‫מפוצל‬
steel ‫פלדה‬
surface ‫משטח‬
threaded ‫בעל הברגה‬
tighten ‫להדק‬
tip ‫קצה‬
twisted ‫מסובב‬
washer ‫ שייבה‬, ‫דיסקית‬
wire ‫חוט תיל‬
wrench ‫מפתח ברגים‬

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1. screws 2. cotter pins

3. bolt 4. nuts 5. wrench

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 Fasteners and Safetying Devices
Bolts are used to hold parts together or to fasten parts together. They are
threaded to receive nuts. In other words, bolts are threaded to engage nuts and to
interlock with them. Bolts are called fasteners. Bolts are made of metal.
Nuts are used to tighten and fasten parts together. They are threaded to fit bolts.
Nuts are shaped to fit or to engage wrenches. Nuts are shaped to interlock with
wrenches. Nuts are made of metal. Like bolts, nuts are usually made of steel or an alloy.
An alloy is a mixture of metals. Steel is the metal used for making knives, blades,
scissors, nails and the like.
Washers of various types are used with nuts, bolts, and screw for various
purposes. Plain washers are used to provide a smooth surface of soft material. Lock
washers are used to lock nuts in the proper position. There are many types of special
washers. Special washers are used for specific installations.
Cotter pins are split metal pins. Cotter pins are used to hold nuts in places. They
are locking devices. We also refer to cotter pins as safetying devices. Their ends are bent
to keep the pins from coming out. Cotter pins are also used to safety bolts and other pins.
Cotter pins are made of steel.
Safety wire is used to lock bolts, nuts, and screws. You can also say safety wire
is used to secure bolts, nuts and screws. It is made of either copper or steel. It can be
twisted or bent easily. That is, safety wire is flexible. Safety wire is often inserted in a
hole in a bolt or in a nut and twisted.
Rivets are metal pins. Rivets are designed to hold pieces of material together. A
rivet is a fastener. Rivets are used to fasten together pieces of material. Rivets are
generally inserted into holes in material and pounded to form a second head. We say the
tip of the rivet is pounded or mushroomed to form another head. We use a hammer to
mushroom the tip of a rivet.
Screws are threaded, slotted fastening devices. Screws are used to fasten parts
together. They are made of metal. The heads of screws are slotted to engage screwdrivers.
Usually, we can describe a screw by the shape of its head. The slotted head helps us in
identifying screws.

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 Exercises

A. Fill in the table.

Part Material Function

Bolt to fasten parts together

Nut steel, alloy

Washer

Cotter pin

Screw

Rivet

Safety wire

B. Circle the correct answer

1. Copper and steel are gases / liquids / metals.

2. Heads of screws are threaded /slotted / mushroomed.

3. Nuts are shaped to fit cotter pins / washers / wrenches.

4. Safety wire is flexible / pounded / rigid.

5. The heads of bolts interlock with hammers / wrenches / washers.

6. Rivets are made of glass / rubber / metal.

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C. Compete the sentences with the words form the Word Bank.

bent engage fasten hold join made tighten parts plain rivets
shaped slottedsmooth threaded

1. Bolts are used to fasten ________________together.

2. Bolts are usually ____________________of steel.

3. Nuts are shaped to ___________ wrenches.

4. Nuts are ________________________ to fit bolts.

5. Nuts are used _______________ and ______________ parts together.

6. Cotter pins are used to _________________nuts in place.

7. The ends of cotter pins are ___________to keep the pins from coming out.

8. ____________washers are used to provide a _________surface.

9. To mushroom the tip of _______________ we use a hammer.

10. Fastening devices are used to _________________parts together.

11. The heads of screws are _____________to engage screwdrivers.

D. Complete the sentences with the words from the word bank

damage designed limited  particular  plain spacing  surfaces washers

Lock washers are (1)_______________ to prevent the turning of nuts and may be
used for (2) __________applications in aircraft.

Special washers are necessary for (3)______________applications where (4)

_________ flat washers will not suffice.

Flat (5) ___________ are used under heads of bolts and under nuts, both for
(6)_________ and for protection of the metal (7)_________under the heads of nuts. They
are also used under lock nuts to prevent (8)_______________to the surface.

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 E. Match A and B to form sentences.
A B

___1. The ends of cotter pins… a. to engage screwdrivers.

___2. Bolts and nuts are shaped … b. to fit wrenches.

___3. Safety wire is made of… c. are split.

___4. The heads of screws are slotted… d. copper or steel.

___5. Cotter pins are also referred to… e. twisted or bent.

___6. We can describe a screw… f. as safetying devices.

___7. Safety wire is easily… g. by its slot.

___8. A cotter pin is also used… h. to form another head.

___9. The tip of a rivet is pounded or i. to safety bolts and pins.

mushroomed…

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

F. Match A and B to form OPPOSITES. Translate the words.

A B

1. head_______________ a. soft_______________

2. smooth_______________ b. loosen_______________

3. install_______________ c. rough_______________

4. tighten_______________ d. tip_______________

5. hard_______________ e. remove_______________

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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G. Match A and B to form SYNONYMS. Translate the words.
A B

a. secure__________________ a. fasten______________________

b. type___________________ b. safety______________________

c. hold together_________________ c. kind_______________________

1. 2. 3.

H. Circle the correct answer.

1. Bolts are threaded…

a. to engage with screws. b. to interlock with pins. c. to engage nuts.

2. Nuts are shaped…

a. to safety wire. b. to receive bolts. c. to hold other pins in the right position.

3. Cotter pins are also used…

a. as threaded fastening devices. b. as locking devices. c. as steel washers.

4. Cotter pins and safety wire are…

a. fastening devices. b. safetying devices. c. installing devices.

5. Bolts, nuts and screws…

a. engage screwdrivers. b. are shaped to fit wrenches. c. are threaded.

6. Smooth surfaces are provided by using…

a. washers. b. bolts. c. nuts

7. Safety wire is…

a. flexible. b. threaded. c. shaped to fit wrenches.

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 I. Match the underlined words with those in the list to form word
pairs with close meaning.
a. Bolts are threaded and interlock with nuts. We generally utilize steel for making
fasteners. This metal mixture contains more than two metals.
b. Cotter pins are locking devices. The bent end is shown in that illustration.
c. Those washers are needed for particular functions.
d. Tell me the proper name of the components we are assembling.
e. We say the tip of the rivet is mushroomed to form another head.
1.alloy______________________ 8. parts______________________
2. comprises______________________ 9. pounded______________________
3. correct______________________ 10. purposes______________________
4. displayed______________________ 11. safetying______________________
5. end______________________ 12. special______________________
6. engage______________________ 13. use______________________
7. figure______________________ 14. usually______________________

J. Tick () True or False.

True False

1. Screws are always inserted with a hammer.

2. Lock washers are used to protect soft materials.

3. The heads of split pins are slotted.

4. The ends of split pins are usually bendable.

5. Screws may be both slotted and threaded.

6. Washers are shaped to fir wrenches.

7. Bolts provide a smooth surface.

8. Rivets are strong cotter pins.

9. There is only one kind of bolts and nuts.

10. Wire is used to secure pieces of metal.

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