HW 9 https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?assign...

HW 9
Due: 11:59pm on Sunday, June 17, 2018
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy

Exercise 6.1 - Enhanced - with Solution

You push your physics book 2.00 along a horizontal tabletop with a horizontal push of 2.30 while the opposing force of
friction is 0.650 .

You may want to review (Pages 173 - 177) .

For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Work done by a constant
force.

Part A
How much work does your 2.30 push do on the book?
ANSWER:

= 4.60

Part B
How much work does the friction force do on the book?
ANSWER:

= -1.30

Part C
How much work does the normal force from the table do on the book?
ANSWER:

= 0

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Part D
How much work does gravity do on the book?
ANSWER:

= 0

Part E
What is the net work done on the book?
ANSWER:

= 3.30

Exercise 6.17 - Enhanced - with Solution

Adult cheetahs, the fastest of the great cats, have a mass of about 70.0 and have been clocked at up to 72.0 (32.2
).

You may want to review (Pages 177 - 182) .

For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Using work and energy to
calculate speed.

Part A
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How many joules of kinetic energy does such a swift cheetah have?
ANSWER:

= 3.63×104

Part B
By what factor would its kinetic energy change if its speed were doubled?
ANSWER:

Exercise 6.18

Part A
In the Bohr model of the atom, the ground-state electron in hydrogen has an orbital speed of 2190 .The mass of
an electron is . What is its kinetic energy?

Express your answer using three significant figures.

ANSWER:

= 2.18×10−18

Part B
If you drop a 1.0- weight (about 2 ) from a height of 1.0 , how many joules of kinetic energy will it have when it
reachesmath:
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ground?

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Express your answer using two significant figures.

ANSWER:

= 9.8

Part C
Is it reasonable that a 30- child could run fast enough to have 100 of kinetic energy?

ANSWER:

Yes, this is reasonable.

No, this is not reasonable.

Exercise 6.19 - Enhanced - with Solution

About 50000 years ago, a meteor crashed into the earth near present-day Flagstaff, Arizona. Recent (2005) measurements
estimate that this meteor had a mass of about (around 150000 tons) and hit the ground at 12 .

You may want to review (Pages 177 - 182) .

For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Using work and energy to
calculate speed.

Part A
How much kinetic energy did this meteor deliver to the ground?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 1.0×1016

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Part B
How does this energy compare to the energy released by a 1.0-megaton nuclear bomb? (A megaton bomb releases the
same energy as a million tons of TNT, and 1.0 ton of TNT releases of energy.)
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 2.4

Exercise 6.33 - Enhanced - with Solution

A surgeon is using material from a donated heart to repair a patient's damaged aorta and needs to know the elastic
characteristics of this aortal material. Tests performed on a 16.0 strip of the donated aorta reveal that it stretches 3.75
when a 1.50 pull is exerted on it.

You may want to review (Pages 183 - 189) .

For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Work done on a spring scale.

Part A
What is the force constant of this strip of aortal material?
ANSWER:

= 40.0

Part B
If the maximum distance it will be able to stretch when it replaces the aorta in the damaged heart is 1.14 , what is the
greatest force it will be able to exert there?
ANSWER:

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= 0.456

Exercise 6.36

A child applies a force parallel to the -axis to a 10.0- sled moving on the frozen surface of a small pond. As the child
controls the speed of the sled, the -component of the force she applies varies with the -coordinate of the sled as shown
in the figure .

Part A

Calculate the work done by the force when the sled moves from =0 to =8.0
Express your answer using two significant figurs.
ANSWER:

= 40

Part B

Calculate the work done by the force when the sled moves from =8.0 to =12.0 .
Express your answer using two significant figurs.
ANSWER:

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= 20

Part C

Calculate the work done by the force when the sled moves from =0 to =12.0 .
.
Express your answer using two significant figurs.
ANSWER:

= 60

Exercise 6.37 - Enhanced - with Solution

A child applies a force parallel to the -axis to a 5.00- sled moving on the frozen surface of a small pond. As the child
controls the speed of the sled, the -component of the force she applies varies with the -coordinate of the sled as shown in
figure . Suppose the sled is initially at rest at =0. You can ignore friction between the sled and the surface of the pond.

You may want to review (Pages 183 - 189) .

For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to

view a Video Tutor Solution of Motion on a curved path.

Part A
Use the work-energy theorem to find the speed of the sled at 2.0 .
Express your answer using three significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 1.00

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Part B
Use the work-energy theorem to find the speed of the sled at 12.0 .
Express your answer using three significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 4.90

Exercise 6.51 - Enhanced - with Solution

You may want to review (Pages 189 - 191) .

For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of A "power climb".

Part A
How many joules of energy does a 100-watt light bulb use per hour?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 3.6×105

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Part B
How fast would a 69 person have to run to have that amount of energy?

Express your answer using two significant figures.

ANSWER:

= 100

Exercise 6.53 - Enhanced - with Solution

On December 27, 2004, astronomers observed the greatest flash of light ever recorded from outside the solar system. It
came from the highly magnetic neutron star SGR 180-20(a magnetar). During 0.20 , this star released as much energy as
our sun does in 250000 years.

You may want to review (Pages 189 - 191) .

For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of A "power climb".

Part A
If is the average power output of our sun, what was the average power output (in terms of ) of this magnetar?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 3.9×1013

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Exercise 6.61 - Enhanced - with Solution

A typical flying insect applies an average force equal to twice its weight during each downward stroke while hovering. Take
the mass of the insect to be 10 , and assume the wings move an average downward distance of 1.0 during each stroke.

You may want to review (Pages 189 - 191) .

For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of A "power climb".

Part A
Assuming 100 downward strokes per second, estimate the average power output of the insect.
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 0.20

Alternative Exercise 6.101

The aircraft carrier John F. Kennedy has mass . When its engines are developing their full power of 280000 hp,
the John F. Kennedy travels at its top speed of 35 .

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Part A
If 70% of the power output of the engines is applied to pushing the ship through the water, what is the magnitude of the
force of water resistance that opposes the carrier's motion at this speed?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 8.1×106

Alternative Exercise 6.108

The total consumption of electrical energy in the United States is about joules per year.

Part A
What is the average rate of electrical energy consumption in watts?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 3.2×1011

Part B
If the population of the United States is 300 million, what is the average rate of electrical energy consumption per
person?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

= 1.1

Part C
The sun transfers energy to the earth by radiation at a rate of approximately 1.0 per square meter of surface. If this
energy could be collected and converted to electrical energy with 40 efficiency, how great an area (in square
kilometers) would be required to collect the electrical energy used by the United States?
Express your answer using two significant figures.
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ANSWER:

= 790

Alternative Exercise 6.111

On April 13, 2029 (Friday the 13th!), the asteroid 99942 Apophis will pass within 18600 of the earth-about the
distance to the moon! It has a density of 2600 , can be modeled as a sphere 320 in diameter, and will be traveling
at 12.6 .

Part A
If, due to a small disturbance in its orbit, the asteroid were to hit the earth, how much kinetic energy would it deliver?
Take the speed of impact with the earth to be 12.6 . Neglect the work that would be done by gravity.

ANSWER:

= 3.55×1018

Part B
The largest nuclear bomb ever tested by the United States was the "Castle/Bravo" bomb, having a yield of 15 megatons
of TNT. (A megaton of TNT releases 4.184 of energy.) How many Castle/Bravo bombs would be equivalent to
the energy of Apophis?
ANSWER:

= 56.5

Problem 6.73

You are asked to design spring bumpers for the walls of a parking garage. A freely rolling 1100 car moving at 0.65 is
to compress the spring no more than 8.0×10−2 before stopping.

Part A
What should be the force constant of the spring? Assume that the spring has negligible mass.
Express your answer using two significant figures.

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ANSWER:

= 7.3×104

Problem 6.86

The Grand Coulee Dam is 1270 m long and 170 m high. The electrical power output from generators at its base is
approximately 1950 .

Part A
How many cubic meters of water must flow from the top of the dam per second to produce this amount of power if 91.0
of the work done on the water by gravity is converted to electrical energy? (Each cubic meter of water has a mass of
1000 .)

ANSWER:

1290

Problem 6.89

The human heart is a powerful and extremely reliable pump. Each day it takes in and discharges about 7500 of blood.
Assume that the work done by the heart is equal to the work required to lift this amount of blood a height equal to that of the
average American female (1.63 ). The density (mass per unit volume) of blood is .

Part A
How much work does the heart do in a day?
ANSWER:

= 1.26×105

Part B
What is its power output in watts?
ANSWER:

= 1.46
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Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 99.3%.
You received 32.76 out of a possible total of 33 points.

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