1. Which of the following leaders were advocates of the “non-aligned movement” during the Cold War?

I. Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam.

II. Jawaharlal Nehru of India.

III. Surabaya Sukarno of Indonesia.

IV. Mao Zedong of China.

A I and II only.
.
B I and III only.
.
C II and III only.)
.
D II and IV only.
.
E. III and IV
only.

Answer: C

QUESTION 2
1. Which of the following World War II conferences attempted to bolster the economic and financial structures of the
post-war world in order to avoid an economic collapse that followed World War I?

A The Bandung Conference.

.
B The Bretton Woods Conference.
.
C The Yalta Conference.
.
D The Potsdam Conference.
.
E. The Accra Conference.

ANSWER B

QUESTION 3
1. Which of the following ideas or practices of the modern world models did Mohandas Gandhi reject when calling for
Indian home rule in the 1909 book Hind Swaraj?
I. Order based upon industrial progress.

II. Pacifism.
 III. Militarism.

IV. Islam.

A I and II only.
.
B I and III only.
.
C II and III only.
.
D II and IV only.
.
Answer B

QUESTION 4
1. The 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights was inspired by
A John Locke and Enlightenment philosophes.
.
B Karl Marx and Frederick Engels Communist Manifesto.
.
C Vladimir Lenin’s writings, “What Must Be Done” and “Imperialism, the Highest Form
. of Capitalism”.

D Adolph Hitler’s Mein Kampf.

.
ANSWER D

QUESTION 5
1. The artist Pablo Picasso depicted the carnage of aerial bombing and war in his abstract painting commemorating the
destruction in the

A Battle of Britain.
.
B Bombing of Dresden.
.
C Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
.
D Attack of Guernica.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 6
1. An instrument of power used by totalitarian regimes is

A The religious faith of people.

.
 B The free press.
.
C Concentration camps.
.
D Free markets economics.
.
ANSWER: C

QUESTION 7
1. A tenet of Social Darwinism is
A The biological process of natural selection.
.
B The economic theory of socialism.
.
C Democratic principle of “equal protection under the law”.
.
D The world’s wealth gap explained by the well-off being intelligent and poor people as naturally backward.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 8
1. Which of the following people thought the decision to drop the atomic bomb was
wrong?
A Secretary of War Stimson.
.
B President Harry Truman.
.
C Josef Stalin.
.
D General Dwight Eisenhower.
.
ANSWER D

QUESTION 9
1. President Truman’s decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan was made in order to
A Bring World War II to an end.
.
B Send a message to the Japanese and Germans that he was not messing around anymore.
.
C Send a message to the rest of the world that the US was atomically armed.
.
D Send a message to the Chinese that they were next.
.
Answer: A

QUESTION 10
1. The Cold War era
A Resulted in peaceful transitions to independence for all former European colonies.
.
B Spurred revolutions in Asia.
.
C Brought about globalization through capitalism.
.
D Ended the arms race.
.

ANSWER: C

QUESTION 11
1. Hitler came into power in Germany because of
A Japanese aggression in the 1930s.
.
B Benito Mussolini showing him how to rig elections.
.
C Austrian attempts to annex Germany.
.
D German economic hardship and resentment over the Versailles Treaty.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 12
1. Japan’s military aggression from late 19th century through the first half of the
20th century was
A An attempt to compete in the international environment of capitalism and imperialism.
.
B Its attempt to stave off imperial collapse.
.
C Reaction to invasion by Russia.
.
D Prompted by western values cultivated by the Jesuits.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 13
1. Which of the following represents a reasonable conclusion regarding the legacy of the imperial system, which began
in the 16th century?
I. Modern gaps between wealthy and impoverished nations are a result of imperialism.

II. The strength of imperialism made it likely that Marxism would not spread in the 20 th century.
III. The imperial system led to a substantial amount of conflict and disorder still affecting events today.

A I and II only.
.
 B I and III only.
.
C II and III only.
.
D I, II, and III.
.
ANSWER B

QUESTION 14
1. How were industrialization and imperialism related?

I. Industrialization gave Europeans better weapons to use in conquering other peoples.

II. Industrialization forced Europeans to search elsewhere for more raw materials.

III. Industrialization created more goods, and Europeans felt they needed to open more markets abroad.

A I, and II only.
.
B II and III only.
.
C I and III only.
.
D I, II, and III.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 15
1. The motives for European imperialism in the later nineteenth century include all but which one of the
following?

A A self-imposed mission to civilize the backward nations.

.
B Need of the imperialists for colonial technologies.
.
C Need for raw materials in target societies.
.
D To ensure continuing access to foreign markets.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 16
1. Which of the following best characterizes standard Marxist doctrine?
A Economic competition leads to the highest possible level of prosperity for all.
.
B The struggle between propertied classes and laboring classes is the determining force in all human affairs.
.
C Any interference with the natural operation of supply and demand is harmful.
.
 D It is possible to achieve social justice and economic equality within the capitalistic framework.
.
ANSWER: B

QUESTION 17
1. David Ricardo’s concept of comparative advantage; British free trade policy, and Adam
Smith’s idea of minimal government intervention in the economy conspired to
A Raise Chinese standards of living.
.
B Rationalize the 18th century industrial revolution in China.
.

C Turn India into a British ally in the war against Pakistan.

.
D Inhibit industrialization in colonial societies.
.
ANSWER: B

QUESTION 18
1. Which of the following is an historian that has concluded British imperialism was generally beneficial to the world,
especially those who were subjects of the British Empire?

A James Carter.
.
B Niall Ferguson.
.
C Caroline Elkins.
.
D Richard Warren.
.
ANSWER: C

QUESTION 19
1. The flashpoint starting World War I surrounds events in

A London.
.
B Moscow.
.
C Berlin.
.
D Sarajevo
.
ANS: C

QUESTION 20
1. Which of the above can be cited as a contributing factor to World War I?

I. An act of terrorism.
 II. A failure of diplomacy.

III. Miscalculation by world leaders.

IV. Militaristic influence in politics.

A I and II only.
.
B I and III only.
.
C II and III only.
.
D I, II, III, and
. IV.

ANSWER: C

QUESTION 21
1. Wilfred Owen’s line “Dulce et decorum est … pro patria mori …” (“It is sweet and
honorable to die for one’s country”) is a
A poetic lament for WW I casualties.
.
B rally cry for the French Revolution.
.
C rally cry for World War II.
.
D phrase on the back of US currency.
.

ANSWER: A

QUESTION 22
1. Which social condition is least likely to prevail under a totalitarian regime?
A domestic spying.
.
B law and order.
.
C terror by the government.
.
D criminal activity by the government.
.
ANSWER: B

QUESTION 23
1. Hitler’s “Final Solution” to the Jewish problem called for:
 A The extermination of all Jews in Europe.
.
B The forced deportation of the Jews to Madagascar.
.
C The resettlement of Jews in ghettos, isolated from other Europeans.
.
D Breeding “Jewish genes” out of the Jewish population itself.
.

ANSWER: A

QUESTION 24
1. Serious conflicts in Asia contributing to the outbreak of World War II in the Pacific
began with Japan’s attack on:
A The Philippines.
.
B Korea.
.
C China.
.
D Malaysia.
.
ANSWER: C

QUESTION 25
1. The policy of the United States against Communism during the Cold War was called:
A Aggressive retaliation.
.
B Containment.
.
C Appeasement.
.
D curtailment.
.
ANSWER: B

QUESTION 26
1. The Holocaust refers to
A the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
.
B the fire bomb raids on Dresden.
.
C Stalin's Purges.
.
D The murder of six million Jews, Romani, Homosexuals, and other minorities.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 27
1. World War II was largely made possible by
 A Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks.
.
B Soviet expansionism and interference in western European affairs.
.
C The United Nations.
.
D The failure of the west to unify opposition to flagrant German violations of Versailles Treaty.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 28
1. As a result of World War I all of these empires ended except
A The French.
.
B The Ottoman.
.
C The Austro-Hungarian.
.
D The German.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 29
1. Theodor Herzl, the leader of the Zionist movement:
A Sought to spare European Jews the indignities of growing anti-Semitism by advocating the creation
. of a Jewish state in Palestine.

B Advocated the development of separate Jewish communities and schools in all European cities.
.
C Argued that Jews should renounce their religious beliefs in order to be assimilated into western European
. society.

D Argued for Jewish migration to Eastern Europe where living conditions were better than in Western
. Europe.

ANSWER: A

QUESTION 30
1. Authors of your text refer to “two Chinas”. This reference is about
A Taiwan and the Peoples’ Republic of China.
.
B Rural and urban China.
.
C Northern and Southern China.
.
D Chinese residents of the communist PRC and communist North Vietnam.
.

ANSWER : A
 QUESTION 31
1. The 1979 Iranian revolution was a signal that
A The Cold War was ending.
.
B The power of the Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) was rising.
.
C Conservative fundamentalist Islam was rising as a political force in the Middle East and Asia.
.
D It was necessary for the United States to continue wars in the Middle East.
.
ANSWER : C

QUESTION 32
1. Which of the following is true about the Chinese successor to Mao Zedong?

I. He annexed Taiwan to create one China.

II. He opened the Chinese economy for international trade and internal development.

III. He suppressed movements to open the political system toward

democratic reforms.
A I and II only.
.
B I and III only.
.
C II and III only.
.
D I, II, and III.
.

ANSWER: C

QUESTION 33
1. Carter and Warren discuss “free market open-economy principles”, which have been broadly embraced in developed
economies and international agencies such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. These principles
are sometimes referred to as “the Washington Consensus” as they were preached in the 1980s by US
President Ronald Reagan and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. These principles are vaguely related to
the ideas of

A Karl Marx and the Communist Manifesto.

.
B Adam Smith and The Wealth of Nations.
.
C Jean Jacques Rousseau’s The Social Contract.
.
D The preaching of Pope Francis I.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 34
1. The adoption of free market open-economy principles has led to societies placing unprecedented faith in the private
sector business and institutions. This has led to

A A decrease in social welfare programs and public investment in infrastructure upkeep

. and improvements.

B Higher tariffs that impeded international trade.

.
C Strengthening worker affiliation with unions and socialist labor organizations.
.
D Creating more government owned monopolies such as Russia’s Gazprom and Mexico’s Pemex.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 35
1. The end of the Cold war was helped along with the attempted reforms within the Soviet Union called glasnost and
perestroika. These reforms were introduced by

A Leonid Brezhnev.
.
B Vladimir Putin.
.
C Ronald Reagan.
.
D Mikhail Gorbachev.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 36
1. Francis Fukuyama’s theory of “The End of History” suggested which of the following?

A The world order was broken down and World War III was imminent.
.
B Terrorism was the new type of warfare through which the United States and the West would collapse.
.
C Global acceptance of liberal democracy and capitalism signaled the final step in human political
. evolution.

D The Cold War was over but it would rejuvenate as communism spread.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 37
1. September 11, 2001 became infamous for the
A Collapse of the Soviet Union.
.
B The end of the Angolan Civil War.
.
C The signing of the Maastricht Treaty.
.
 D Coordinated terrorist attacks in the United States.
.
ANSWER: D

QUESTION 38
1. One of the “lessons of history”, as we saw in the beginning of Carter and Warren’s book, was that the long-term
survival of a state and its government depends upon

A The government’s ability to meet the needs of its people and maintain its legitimacy.
.
B The “Mandate of Heaven” or rule by “divine right” from God.
.
C The willingness to maintain military strength and use it wherever possible.
.
D Unity under a religious creed.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 39
1. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade that was formed out of the Bretton
Woods conference in July of 1944 evolved into
A The United Nations.
.
B The World Trade Organization.
.
C The World’s Fair Committee.
.
D The “Common Market”.
.
ANSWER: B

QUESTION 40
1. As colonies around the world gained their independence through the 1950s and 1960s, they adopted a strategy to
develop their economies. The strategy involved the government financing or sometimes owning domestic industries
to meet local needs and block foreign competition. This strategy is known as

A Import Substitution Strategy.

.
B Export Led Industrialization.
.
C Socialism with a Human Face.
.
D Globalization.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 41
1. As colonies around the world gained their independence through the 1950s and 1960s, they adopted a strategy to
develop their economies. The strategy involved seeking foreign investment from major corporations in the
developed world who would be attracted by low wages in the third world, lack of unions; few protective
labor regulations; and little to no environmental protection standards. This strategy is known as:

A Import Substitution Strategy.

.
B Export Led Industrialization.
.
C Socialism with a Human Face.
.
D Globalization.
.
ANSWER : D

QUESTION 42
1. According to the United Nations Human Development Index, a global measure for quality of life issues, which of
the following is true?

I. Between 1970 and 2010, life expectancy generally increased globally.

II. Between 1970 and 2010, the wealth gap between rich and poor decreased.

III. Between 1970 and 2010, education became more available.

A I and II only.
.
B I and III only.
.
C II and III only.
.
D I, II, and III.
.
Answer: B

QUESTION 43
1. Economic growth to meet the demands of growing populations has led to

I. Environmental costs, such as air pollution.

II. Water scarcity in many parts of the world.

III. Greater equality in income and asset ownership.

A I and II only.
.
B I and III only.
.
 C II and III only.
.
D I, II, and III.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 44
1. Which set of countries listed below dominated in per capita percentage of GDP in the
first decade of the 21st century?
A Brazil, Russia, India, and China.
.
B Brazil, Canada, Mexico, and USA.
.
C India, China, USA, and Britain.
.
D Norway, Ireland, USA, and Kuwait.
.

ANSWER: C

QUESTION 45
1. With the end of the Cold War, the USA
A Enjoyed a “peace dividend” and cut military spending.
.
B Withdrew from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
.
C Went to war in the Persian Gulf region resulting in two Iraq campaigns within 12 years.
.
D Abandoned its space program.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 46
1. The policy adopted by Britain and France at the 1938 Munich Conference with Germany
and Italy over the Czechoslovak territory, Sudetenland became known as
A Containment.
.
B Appeasement.
.
C Massive Retaliation.
.
D Rollback.
.
ANSWER: B

QUESTION 47
1. Which of the following is a conclusion consistent with Carter and Warren’s text?
 A History is a straight line of progress.
.
B Empire is the longest and most sustainable basis of government.
.
C History is not just about the events that have happened, but how historians try to understand and interpret
. them.

D Studying the lives of kings, queens, and other political leaders is the most reliable method to discerning the
. truth.

ANSWER: C

QUESTION 48
1. Which of the following is true of the 1979 Islamic Revolution?

A It complicated issues for the Soviets by making other Islamic people within the Soviet sphere of influence
. restive and rebellious.

B It was a win for the Soviets in the Cold War.

.
C It allowed greater US access to Iranian oil.
.
D It helped preserve the safety and security of Israel, a US ally in the Middle East.
.
ANSWER: A

QUESTION 49
1. Poland’s Solidarity Movement in the early 1980s
A Challenged the power of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe.
.
B Was a lobby group to help elect a Polish Pope.
.
C Was the beginning of the Arab Spring.
.
D Prevented the union of East and West Germany.
.
ANSWER:
A
QUESTION 50
1. Carter and Warren discuss which nations-state as most vulnerable to the progress made
in the late 20th and early 21st centuries?
A The Philippines.
.
B The Maldives.
.
C The Galapagos.
.
D India.
.
ANSWER: D