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Algorithms can be classified according to the way in which they receive their
input. If the entire input set is provided at the beginning of the algorithm,
we say it is off-line. If input may be supplied during the computations of the
algorithm, it is considered on-line. While most algorithms are off-line,
because it often makes little sense to start solving the problem before all
data are received, numerous problems are inherently on-line. For example,
many algorithms occurring in operating systems are on-line, since an
operating system deals with a dynamic situation where decisions must be
continually made based on the information available at that time; once
additional information is received, updates of the status are necessary. In
general, on-line algorithms tend to be more difficult than off-line ones.