Earthing Design and Component Selection

------------Issued date: 30/09/2013------------
TABLE OF CONTENT
A. - EARTHING
-THE BOLT SIZE & RETIGHTENING CONNECTION WITH
THE ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
B. - LIGHTING
- VOLTAGE DROP
- SELECTION OF MCCB
- THERMAL RELAY SETTING
C. - ALLOWABLE CURRENT
- SELECTION OF PIPE
- SELECTION OF SUPPORT MATERIALS
D. - CABLE ARRANGEMENT
- THE SHAPE OF THE CONNECTION TERMINAL
- DATA OF ALLOWABLE CURRENT OF COPPER BAR
- ACTUAL MEASURED EXAMPLE FOR CABLE ARRANGEMENT
E. - SELECTION OF ANCHOR BOLT FOR TRANSFORMER

- SELECTION OF ANCHOR BOLT FOR PANEL
- SELECTION OF ANCHOR BOLT FOR GENERATOR
F. - GENERAL IDEAL OF PROTECTION COORDINATION

- EXAMPLE OF CT SELECTION AND SETTING RELAY
- GENERAL IDEAL OF SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT
- EXAMPLE OF CABLE CALCULATION BY SHORTED CONDITION
- GENERAL IDEAL OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER (CT)
- EXAMPLE OF SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT CALCULATION
YURTEC VIETNAM CO., LTD.
EARTHING
Kind of earthing and its earthing resistance value.
Kind of earthing Earthing resistance value

E1 < 4Ω
E2 < 4Ω
E3 < 4Ω
ELA < 10Ω
E1 Size of earthing conductor
LA
Rated voltage Size of earthing conductor
18KV over 14mm2
FCO, DS
Rated current Size of earthing conductor
200A over 14mm2
LBS, VCB, GCB

Rated current Size of earthing conductor
630A over 38mm2
Transformer rated capacity x 1 = capacity of Tr one - phase Size of earthing

3 conductor
100V 200V 400V
5KVA 10KVA 20KVA over 5.5mm2
10KVa 20KVA 40KVA over 8mm2
20KVA 40KVA 75KVA over 14mm2
175KVA 350KVA 700KVa over 100mm2
Revised date:23/01/2015 A1
Breaking current Size of earthing conductor

less than 20A over 2mm2
less than 50A over 3.5mm2
less than 100A over 5.5mm2
•Calculation example of earthing conductor

A(mm2) ≥ 0.052
0 052 In
A(mm2): Section area of earthing conductor
In : Rated current
-E1, A(mm2) ≥ 0.052 In
In: Rated current of hight-voltage electrical apparatus
-E2, A(mm2) ≥ 0.052 In
Transformer rated capacity
In:
3xSecondary rate voltage
Case of Transformer 750kvA:
750kvA
Capacity of Tr one - phase = = 250kvA
3
250kvA
Rated current of Tr one - phase = = 658kvA
380
A(mm2) ≥ 0.052x658=35(mm2)
-E3, A(mm2) ≥ 0.052 In
In: Breaking current of ACB or MCCB (not frame current)
* The earthing conductor size
[Reference example of E1, ELA]
LA FCO DS
14
VCB
14 14 GCB 38
38
38
38
38
EARTHING
CHECK LAMP EARTHING TERMINAL
PANEL
ELA <10Ω E1 <4Ω

E1 <4Ω
[Reference example of E2]

* Case of E2
When we install transformers more than 2, earthings conductors should be wired from each them, such as the
following detail
ATr Capacity of transformer is ATr > BTr
BTr
EARTHING
CONDUCTOR OF ATr
EARTHING
CONDUCTOR OF BTr
EARTHING TERMINAL
PANEL
EARTHING MAIN CONDUCTOR
Earthing main conductor should be chosen by earthing conductor of ATr
THE COPPER BAR SIZE AND CONNECTION BOLT SIZE FOR EARTHING CONDUCTOR .
[Reference example of electrical schematic diagram]
LBS
24KV630A
Power receiving boad
38mm2
Tr3P4W
22KV/380V/220V
60mm2
1000KVA
ACB4P
1600A Switch boad
100mm2
Earthing terminal boad
The copper bar size and connection bolt size for earthing conductor in the earthing terminal board depend on list 1.
2
E1: Earthing conductor size 38mm → 20mm x t 3mm M10
2
The screw hole size to connect a wire, cable is less than 50% of the cross section in this copper bar
List 1
2 Earthing conductor
Earthing conductor size (mm ) Copper bar size (mm)
t
14 20mm x 3mm M8
t
22; 38 20mm x 3mm M10
t
60 20mm x 3mm M10
t
100 30mm x 5mm M12
t
150 30mm x 5mm M12
200 40mm x t 5mm M12
t
250 50mm x 5mm M12
325 50mm x t 6mm M12
[Reference example of boad (1)]

When we install more than two local panels, earthing conductor of local panel is branch wire which is connected
to earthing main conductor, such as the following details
Earthing main Earthing main

conductor [A] conductor [B] A Earthing branch wire
Earthing branch wire
MCCB MCCB
ACB 500AT 300AT
Earthing MCCB 600AT

Terminal
Board Distribution board Distribution board
MCCB 400AT
Earthing main A Detail
conductor [A] Earthing main conductor
MCCB 100AT
E3.<10
Branch connection
Switch board (We use T type connector)
Earthing
hi bbranchh wire
i
Earthing main conductor [ A ] is chosen by breaking current of ACB at switch board
Earthing main conductor [ B ] is chosen by breaking current of the biggest MCCB at switch board
(In this case, we chose MCCB 600AT)
Earthing branch wire size is chosen by breaking current of MCCB at distribution board
Size of earthing conductor and installation of bolt size
Earthing
Size of earthing
2 conductor Reference example of earthing terminal
conductor (mm )
installation bolt
4 (3.5) 5
6 (5.5) 6
10 (8) 6
16 (14) 8 In s ta lla tio n b o lt
25 (22) 10
35 (38) 10
C o p p e r b a r c h ip
50 (60) 10
70 (60) 10
95 (100) 12 W e ld in g
B o a rd c a b in e t S te e l c h ip
150 (150) 12
185 (200) 12
240 (250) 12
300 (325) 12
[Reference example of board (2)]
A This connection conductor size depends on MCCB of board rated current

But the smallest connection wire size is 5.5sqmm
B The smallest size of copper bar is 12mm x t3mm
Earthing branch conductor

Spring washer and flat washer
A
Copper bar
Insulation
Solder
Welding
Panel cabinet Steel chip
Copper chip
Earthing branch conductor
Copper chip
Earthing of the MCCB or MCB secondary Steel chip
shall be installed at these points
Part A Part B
1 The indication of circuit No. Welding

shall be installed at each local (Even spot welding
earthing conductor also can be allowed.)
Panel cabinet
Part A. This connection conductor size depends on MCB breaking current of distribution board. But
the smallest size is 5.5mm2. Choose it in reference to the following list.
MCB breaking current (A) Earthing conductor size Bolt size
2 2
< 50 6mm (5.5mm ) M6
2 2
51 ~ 100 6mm (5.5mm ) M6
2 2
101 ~ 225 16mm (14mm ) M8
2 2
226 ~ 400 35mm (22mm ) M10
Part B. This copper bar size also depends on MCB breaking current but the smallest copper bar
size is 12m size is 12mm x t 3mm (135A). The screws for tightening earthing wires shall be made at copper bar.
MCB breaking current (A) Earthing conductor size Copper bar size Bolt size
2 2
< 50 4mm (3.5mm ) 12mm x t 3mm M5
2 2
51 ~ 100 6mm (5.5mm ) 12mm x t 3mm M6
2 2
101 ~ 225 16mm (14mm ) 20mm x t 3mm M8
2 2 t
226 ~ 400 25mm (22mm ) 20mm x 3mm M10
THE COPPER BAR SIZE AND CONNECTION BOLT SIZE FOR NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR.
The copper bar of the neutral conductor shall be equal to the rated current of other phase ( R, S, T ).
But we be able to choose the copper bar of the neutral conductor which capacity is more than 50% (200A at the
minimum) in comparation with the rated current of the other phase ( R, S, T ), when rated current is more than 200A.
COPPER BAR SIZE AND BOLT SIZE OF THE NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR
CB rated current ( A ) > 30 31 ~ 60 61 ~ 100 101 ~ 300 301 ~ 400 401 ~ 600
2
Copper scross section ( mm ) > 20 > 25 > 40 > 120 > 160 > 300
Bolt size ( M ) 4 5 6 8 10 12
The screw hole size to connect a wire, cable is less than 50% of the cross section in this copper bar.
We should be installed circuit No at each local neutral conductor.
2
Reference example of copper bar cross section ( mm ).
2 t
> 20 ( mm ) is 10mm x 2mm
2 t
> 25 ( mm ) is 10mm x 2.5mm
YURTEC VIETNAM CO., LTD
HOW TO DECIDE THE BOLT SIZE & RETIGHTENING CONNECTION

WITH THE ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
PART A
TRANSFORMER
PART A
ACB
Main MCCB
PART A
Main Copper Bar
PART B
PART A
MCCB
SW ITCHBOARD
PART A
PART A.B PART B

PART A.B
DISTRIBUTION BOARD
Revised date: 08/01/2015 A8
● Part A
Hexagon head bolt Hex socket head bolt
copper bar copper bar
● Part B
Clamp type screw Pen head screw
copper bar
Screw size of conducting wire (cable) joint part

Screw size
Rated current (A)
1 screw stopper 2 screw stopper 4 screw stopper
< 30 M4 M3.5
31 ~ 60 M5 M4
60 ~ 100 M6 M5
101 ~ 300 M8 M6
301 ~ 400 M10 M8 M6
401 ~ 600 M12 M10 M8
601 ~ 1200 M16 M12 M10
1200 > - M14 M12
Instruction
Because a connection method change by a connection screw terminal form of MCCB, be careful.
Clamp type screw Pen head screw

* Solid wire direct connection.
* Crimp-type (pin terminal, blade terminal) * Crimp-type (ring terminal)
connection connection
* Copper bar connection * Copper bar connection
TORQUE CONTROL LIST

Part A
Terminal screw Size Tighting Torque (N) Remarks
30.0 (kgf.cm)
M5
3.0 (N.m)
52.0
M6
5.2
125.0
M8
12.5
12 5
245.0
M10
24.5
420.0
M12
42.0
1060.0
M16
106
Part B
Terminal screw Size Tighting Torque (N) Remarks
5.0 (kgf.cm)
M3
0.5 (N.m)
8.0
M3.5
0.8
1.0
M4
1.0
23.0
M5
2.3
26.0
M6
2.6
62.0
M8
6.2
SPECIFICATION TABLE OF THE SPRING WAHSER

Width(b)x
Internal (d) External (D)
Spring washer Size Thickness(t)
Max - min (mm) Max - Min (mm) Max - Min (mm)
M4 4.5 - 4.1 7.6 1.4 x 1.0
M5 5.5 - 5.1 9.2 1.7 x 1.3
A
M6 6.5 - 6.1 12.2 2.7 x 1.5
A M8 8.7 - 8.2 15.4 3.2 x 2.0
Internal side M10 10.7 - 10.2 18.4 3.7 x 2.5
M12 12.8 - 12.2 21.5 4.2 x 3.0
External side M14 14.8 - 14.2 24.4 4.7 x 3.5
A-A M16 17.0 - 16.2 28 5.2 x 4.0
t = (T1 + T2)/2
SPECIFICATION TABLE OF THE FLAT WAHSER
Internal (d) External (D) Thickness (t)
Flat washer Size
Max - min (mm) Max - Min (mm) Max - Min (mm)
M4 4.5 - 4.3 9.0 - 8.6 0.9 - 0.7
M5 5.5 - 5.3 10.0 - 9.6 1.1 - 0.9
M6 6.6 - 6.4 12.0 - 11.6 1.8 - 1.4
M8 8.6 - 8.4 16.0 - 15.6 1.8 - 1.4
M10 10.8 - 10.5 20.0 - 19.5 2.2 - 1.8
M12 13.3 - 13.0 24.0 - 23.5 2.7 - 2.3
M14 15.3 - 15.0 28.0 - 27.5 2.7 - 2.3
M16 17.3 - 17.0 30.0 - 29.5 3.3 - 2.7
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INSULATION DISTANCE
Less than 300V 10 mm

A
More than 300V 10 mm
Main power circuit live part
Less than 300V 10 mm
B
More than 300V 20 mm
Instruction
A, B is lower limit.
When insulation distance is short, we should take measures to use with insulation material.
B B
Inside sub-door
Board box
CB CB
<B <B
A A
Insulation material
INSTRUCTION AT THE TIME OF AN ALUMINUM CONDUCTOR CONNECTION

* We should prevent to be increasing the contact resistance with oxide film, when we connect an aluminum conductor.
* We should use a crimp terminal for exclusive aluminum conductor when connect an aliminum conductor to a copper bar
* We paint an aluminum conductor with corrosion protective paint before making crimp. Then, we remove the oxide film
on an aluminum conductor with a wire brush.
* We paint with corrosion protective paint again, and make crimp.
* We paint an aluminum conductor insertion part of the crimp terminal with corrosion protective paint before making crimp
* We should do insulating tape processing between the crimp terminal and an aluminum cable insulation part, so that an
aluminum conductor does not in the open air.
Insulation tube with different colored

Aluminum cable
CB
Insulation tape
Crimp terminal for exclusive aluminum conductor
Connection example of the aluminum conductor

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We calculate the indoor general lighting as follows.

Average illuminance
F× N × U × M
Ε=
Α
Required number of lighting equipment
E×A
N=
F× U × M
E : Average illuminance or design illuminance (lx)
A : Floor area (m2) = Width(m) x Depth (m)
F : Luminous flux of lamp
N : Number of lamp
U : Utilization factor
M : Maintenance factor
1. Utilization factor (U).

Light that was radiated from lamp illuminate on the working surface brightly. This is light such as from .
4 6
3 1 2
Light that reached on the working surface from a lamp directly

Light that reflected from a ceiling
Light that reflected from a wall
Light that repeated a reflection such a floor from a lamp, a ceiling from a floor, working surface from a ceiling
However, the light such as follow is use less to illuminate on the working surface.
Light that is absorbed to a ceiling, a wall, a floor, funiture
Light that passes to outside from window directly
Light that arrive on the working surface from a lamp directly
Light that reflected from a ceiling
Light that reflected from a wall
Light that repeated a reflection such a floor from a lamp, a ceiling from a floor, working surface from a ceiling
The Light ~ that radiated from lamp illuminate on the working surface brightly. For this light
Light that is absorbed to a ceiling, a wall, a floor, funiture
Light that passes to outside from window directly
There are use less to illuminate on the working surface.
Utilization factor is expressed it how much the light that was radiated from lamp to arrive on the working surface.
Therefore, utilization factor becomes the number that is smaller than 1 generally.
We understand that the utilization factor changes by the reflectance of ceiling, a wall, the floor.
In addition, utilization factor changes by the height of light source for width, the depth of the room too.
2. Room index (Kr).

In general lighting of indoor, utilization factor is expressed a ratio of light that was radiated from the light source
illuminate on the working surface directly or reflect it some where.
However, the ratio of light to reach on the working surface is different from the width, the depth of the room
and distance with light source and the working surface.
It is room index to show these three (the width, the depth, distance with light source and the working surface)
relations.
ised date: 7/22/2013 B1
Room index expressed it by the floor area ( = ceiling area) for the wall area.
2(Z × Y) X×Y
Room index K r = =
2H(X + Y) H(X + Y)
H=Z-(h1+h2)
h2
Z
Z(Height) H
X (width)
Y (depth) h1
Kr : Room index.
X : Width of the room (m)
Y : Depth of the room (m)
Z : Height of room (m)
h1 : Height of the working surface (m)
h2 : Height of the light source hanger (m)
H : Length from the working surface to the light source (m)
Ú The working surface means a level horizontal surface including the desk, the workbench
The upper calculating formula is calculated as below:
Office - - - 0.7 ~ 0.8 (m)
Factory - - - 0 (m)
Corridor - - - 0 (m)
Generally, room index is big number when hight of ceiling (light source) is low or width, depth are lagre.
But room index is small number when hight of cealing (light source) is high or width, depth are small.
Room index : big Room index : small

Utilization factor : big Utilization factor : small
3. Maintenance factor (M).

As time passed, the illumination of the lighting equipment decreases due to a luminouse flux decline of lamp oneself,
dirt of the lamp or lighting equipment, reflectance decline of the ceiling, wall, floor.
At the time of lighting design, we make a correction factor to cover for such an illumination decline, then calculate
to this illuminance level that is higher than design illuminance level. This correction factor is a maintenance factor.
4. Classification of the lighting equipment neighborhood environment
Neighborhood
Enviroromnent condition Example of the main room
environment.
The room where there are not dust or smokeless and the air
Good Office (non-smoking room), Clean room
in the room is always kept cleanly
The room which is generally used Office, Entrance hall, Guest room
Normal
The room where there are not so many dust, smoke, steam. Electric room, Machine room, Warehouse
Bad The room where there are many dust, smoke, steam. Kitchen, indoor parking area
ised date: 7/22/2013 B2
5 . Maintenance factor.
factor
Neighborh Lighting equipment form
ood Reccessed type Reccessed type Hermetic type
Light source
Environm Exposed type Expose type Expose type
ent (with louver of coarse (with louver of small (with sealed up in packing)
grillwork) grillwork or cover)
Good 0.73 0.73 0.69 0.78
Flourescent lamp
Normal 0.69 0.69 0.65 0.73
(FHF)
Bad 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.69
Flourescent lamp Good 0.72 0.66 0.63 0.70
Compact lamp Normal 0 70
0.70 0 63
0.63 0 59
0.59 0 66
0.66
(FHT) Bad 0.66 0.55 0.55 0.63
Good 0.71 0.65 0.61 0.69
Metal halide lamp
Normal 0.69 0.61 0.58 0.65
(M) 1
Bad 0.65 0.54 0.54 0.61
Good 0.55 0.50 0.47 0.53
Metal halide lamp
Normal 0.53 0.47 0.44 0.50
( ML ) 2
Bad 0.50 0.42 0.42 0.47
Good 0.85 0.78 0.74 0.83
Sodium lamp
Normal 0.83 0.74 0.70 0.78
(NH)
Bad 0.78 0.65 0.65 0.74
Good 0.80 0.73 0.69 0.77
Mercury lamp
Normal 0.77 0.69 0.65 0.73
(HF)
Bad 0.73 0.61 0.61 0.69
Good 0.91 0.84 0.79 0.89
Halogen lamp
Normal 0.89 0.79 0.74 0.84
(J)
Bad 0.84 0.70 0.70 0.79
1: Neo halide lamp
2: Low starting voltage type metal halide lamp
6 . Lighting equipment form
Reccessed type Reccessed type Hermetic type
Exposed type Expose type Expose type
(with louver of coarse grillwork) (with louver of small grillwork) (with sealed up in packing)
SEALED UP IN PACKING
LOUVER OF SMALL
LOUVER OF GRILL WORK OR COVER
COAREL GRILL WORK
Revised date: 10/12/2013 B3
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Therefore calculating formula of voltage drop and cross section becomes like a rough calculating formula as bellow:
Electrical method Voltage drop Section area of electric line

35.6 × L × Ι 35.6 × L × Ι
1ф2W e= A=
1000 × A 1000 × e
30.8 × L × Ι 30.8 × L × Ι
3ф3W e= A=
1000 × A 1000 × e
17.8 × L × Ι 17.8 × L × Ι
3ф3W e' = A=
1000 × A 1000 × e
e: Voltage drop of each line (V)

e': : Voltage drop between one line of each phase and neutral line (V)
A: Section area of wire or cable (mm2)
L: length of wire or cable (m)
I: Load current (A)
3. Difference between basic calcualting formula and rough calculating formula
MDB Local Panel

120m
0.6kV XLPE/PVC 150mm2 - 1Cx3 (Method B)
1. In case of basic calculating formula
3 × 300 × (0.11494 × 0.9 + 0.0773 × 0.4) ×120

e= = 8.38 (V )
1000
2. In case of rough calculation formula
30.8×120× 300
e= = 7.39(V)
1000×150
Generally, rough calculating formula is smaller around 10%~20% than basic calculating formula
Allowable coeffcient of voltage drop
Length of wire (cable) from Tr secondary

Voltage drop
terminal to the most far-off load
Main line: less than 3%
less than 60 m
Branch circuit: less than 2%
less than 120 m less than 5%
less than 200 m less than 6% Main line + Branch circuit
over 200 m less than 7%
ACB
MCB
Tr MCCB MCCB
MCB
Ｍ
MAIN LINE
BRANCH CIRCUIT
Calculation example: In the case of external lighting:
Figure 1:
A
10m B 25m 25m 25m 25m C
2A 2A 2A 2A 2A
A
10m B 50m C' EXTERNAL LIGHTING
10A
In case of uniform load is connected to line like figure 1, it is thought that all load is concentrated in the
center point of all line
Power transmission method & voltage: Single phase 2 lines 230V
Voltage drop : Less than 4%
35.6 ×10(A) × 60(m)

A=
1000 × 230(V) × 0.04
( ) (
= 2.32 mm2 < 2.5 mm2 )
So,we should choose cable of 2.5 (mm2)

MCCB which is installed at a low voltage main line
B1 IB
i ( I B or IW ) x 0.55
lenght of cable or wire is no limit
i ( I B or IW ) x 0.35
B2
less than 8m
i ( I B or IW ) x 0.55 i ( I B or IW ) x 0.35
B2
lenght of cable or wire is no limit less than 8m
B3
less than 3m
i ( I B or IW ) x 0.55
B3
i ( I B or IW ) x 0.35
B3
less than 8m less than 3m
i ( I B or IW ) x 0.55 i ( I B or IW ) x 0.35
B3
less than 3m
B1 : MCCB which protects a big main line

B2 : MCCB which protects a small main line or branch circuit
B3 : MCCB which protects a branch circuit
: MCCB which canbe
which can omit install
omitted to install
IB : Breaking current of MCCB B1
IW : Allowable current of a big main line
i : Allowable current of a small main line
Cable size of current allowable current 55% and 35%
IB: Breaking current of MCCB Cable size of 55% Cable size of 35%
B1 ( XLPE/PVC-3C) ( XLPE/PVC-3C)
75 (A) 6(5.5)mm2 2.5(3.5)mm2
100 (A) 10(8)mm2 4(3.5)mm2
2
150 (A) 25(22)mm 10(8)mm2
2
200 (A) 35(22)mm 25(14)mm2
2
250 (A) 50(38)mm 35(22)mm2
2
300 (A) 70(50)mm 35(22)mm2
2
400 (A) 95(80)mm 50(38)mm2
2
500 (A) 120(100)mm 70(50)mm2
2
600 (A) 185(125)mm 95(60)mm2
800 (A) 300(200)mm2 150(100)mm2
1000 (A) 185(150)mm2
Note :
1. In air 40°C
2. Install on cable ladder

INSTALL OF MCB OF BRANCH CIRCUIT
• Generally:
Install a MCB in a point of 3m from connection point with a main line.
LOAD
MAIN LINE
MCCB
LOAD
LESS THAN 3M
DISTRIBUTION BOAD
• Exception:
Ú(1)
I ≥ 0.35(Ib or Iw)
Less than 8m
OPERATION BOARD
I
LOAD
Ib
Iw MCB OF BRANCH CIRCUIT
MCCB
I
LOAD
OPERATION BOARD
Ú(2)
I ≥ 0.55(Ib or Iw)
No limit
Ú (1) In case of I ≥ 0.35Ib. MCB of branch circuit should be installed at less than 8m from connection point.
Ú (2) In case of I ≥ 0.55 Ib, cable length is no limit.

PVC wire size of socket outlet circuit
PVC wire size
Length of PVC wire from
Figure of example in pipe (mm2)
MCB (20A) to end of socket outlet
a b
Less than 20m MCB 20A 2.5 4

a a
a
b
Over 20m
MCB 20A 2.5 4
Less than 30m a a a
b
a
Over 30m
2.5 4
Less than 40m MCB 20A
a a a
PVC cable size of socket outlet circuit

of PVC wire from PVC cable size PVC cable size
(20A) to end of Figure of example in pipe (mm2) in air (mm2)
ocket outlet a b a b
Less than 20m 2.5 4 1.5 2.5

MCB 20A
a a
a
b
Over 20m
2.5 4 1.5 2.5
Less than 30m MCB 20A
a a a
b
a
Over 30m
MCB 20A 2.5 4 1.5 2.5
Less than 40m a a a
Allowable current according to the load circuit

ircuit name Allowable current of circuit
Lighting circuit (fluorescent lamp.natrium lamp) Breaking current of MCB ×0.7
Lighting circuit (mercury lamp) Breaking current of MCB ×0.6
Socket outlet circuit (factory) Breaking current of MCB ×0.8
Socket outlet circuit (office) Breaking current of MCB ×0.7
Ventilation circuit Breaking current of MCB ×0.5

THE CHOICE OF MAIN LINE RATED CURRENT
Allowable current Rated current

Kind of load: Ie: Load except the motor of wire (Iw) of breaker
W
i
t
h
o Ie1
u
t MCCB Ie2 Iw ≥ ΣIe Ib ≤ Iw
m Iw Ie3
o
Ib
t Ie
o
r
In case of : Σ Im ≤ Σ Ie Choose the low value

among two formulas
Ιb ≤ 3ΣΙm +∑Ιe
Ｍ Im1
M Iw ≥ ∑Im +∑Ie or
A Ｍ Im2 Ib ≤ 2.5Iw
I Iw Ie1 In case of Iw > 100A, When
N Ib
Iw doesn't have suitable rating
Ie2
L of breaker size.
I W We can choose higher rating.
N i In case of Σ Im > Σ Ie, Σ Im ≤ 50A
E t
h
Ｍ Im1
Iw ≥ 1.25∑Im +∑Ie
m Ｍ Im2
o
t Iw Ie1
Ib
o
r Ie2
In case of Σ Im > Σ Ie, Σ Im > 50A
Ｍ Im1
Ｍ Im2 Iw ≥ 1.1∑Im +∑Ie
Iw Ie1
Ib
Ie2

THE CHOICE OF BRANCH CIRCUIT RATED CURRENT
Allowable current Rated current

Kind of load:
Ie: Load except the motor of wire (Iw) of breaker
Equipment is over 50A

In case of Ib ≤ 1.3Ie
Ie When this value does not

Iw ≥ ΣIe have normal rating of
Iw
breaker size, we can choose
Ib
higher rating.
In case of Im ≤ 50A
Iw ≥ 1.25ΣIm Ib ≤ 2.5Iw
Im In case of Iw >100A, When Iw
B w M
Iw does not have suitable rating
R i
A t Ib of breaker size, we can
N h choose higher rating.
C
H m
o
L t In case of Im > 50A
I o
N r
Im Iw ≥ 1.1ΣIm
E M
Iw
Ib
Wire size ≥ 4□ Ib ≤ 20A

Equipment is less than 50A
Ie
Iw Wire size ≥ 6□ Ib ≤ 30A
Ib
PVC/PVC cable allowable current size (in Air)
4□ - 3c Ib ≤ 20A 10□ - 3c Ib ≤ 40A

□ Ib ≤ 30A □ Ib ≤ 50A
6 - 3c 16 - 3c

Main MCCB capacity choice list of three phase induction motor load
AC 400V
Upper section: Capacity of the maximum motor by star-delta starter
Total Maxinum
capacity working 5.5 7.5 11.0 15.0 18.5 22.0 30.0 37.0 45.0 55.0 75.0 90.0 110.0 132.0
of motors current Lower section: Capacity of the maximum motor by full voltage starting
(kW) (A)
0.75 1.5 2.2 3.7 5.5 7.5 11.0 15.0 18.5 22.0 30.0 37.0 45.0 55.0 75.0 90.0 110.0 132.0
3.0 7.5 15 15 15
4.5 10 15 15 20 30
20
6.3 15 20 20 20 30 40
30 30
8.2 20 30 30 30 30 40 50
40 40 40
12 0
12.0 25 40 40 40 40 40 50 75
50 50 50 50
15.7 37.5 50 50 50 50 50 50 75 100
60 60 60 60
19.5 45 60 60 60 60 60 60 75 100 125
75 75 75 75 75 75
23.2 50 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 100 125 125
100 100 100 100 100 100
30.0 62.5 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 125 125
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
37.5 75 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 125 125 125
125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125
45.0 87.5 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125
125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 150
52.5 100 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 150
175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175
63.7 125 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 200
200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
75.0 150 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 400
86.2 175 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 400
225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 300 400 400
97.5 200 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 300 400 400
250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 300 400 400
112.5 225 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 300 400 400
300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 500
125.0 250 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 500
400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500
150.0 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500
400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500
175.0 350 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500
500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
200.0 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600
250.0 500 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600
800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800
300.0 600 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800
800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800
350.0 700 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
400.0 800 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
450.0 900 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200
500.0 1000 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200 1200
Revise date: 21/11/2013 B14
Main MCCB capacity choice list of three phase induction motor load
AC 200V
Upper section: Capacity of the maximum motor by star-delta starter
Total Maxinum
capacity working 5.5 7.5 11.0 15.0 18.5 22.0 30.0 37.0 45.0 55.0 75.0 90.0 110.0 132.0
of motors current Lower section: Capacity of the maximum motor by full voltage starting
(kW) (A)
0.75 1.5 2.2 3.7 5.5 7.5 11.0 15.0 18.5 22.0 30.0 37.0 45.0 55.0 75.0 90.0 110.0 132.0
30
3.0 15 20 30 30
4.5 20 30 30 40 50
40
6.3 30 40 40 40 50
75
50 50
8.2 40 50 50 50 60 75 100
75 75 75
12.0 50 75 75 75 75 75 100 125
100 100 100 100
15.7 75 100 100 100 100 100 100 125 125
125 125 125 125 125
19.5 90 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125
125 125 125 125 125 125
23.2 100 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 150
175 175 175 175 175 175
30.0 125 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175
200 200 200 200 200 200 200
37.5 150 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225
45.0 175 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 225 250
250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 300
52.5 200 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 300
350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350
63.7 250 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 350 400
400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
75.0 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600
86.2 350 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600
500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600 800
97.5 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600 800
500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 800 800
112.5 450 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 800 800
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 1000
125.0 500 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 1000
800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000
150.0 600 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000
800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000
175.0 700 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
200.0 800 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
Revise date: 21/11/2013 B15
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SHUNT RATIO AND CURRENT UNBALANCE FACTOR FOR IN CASE OF SAME PHASE
MULTIPLE - LINE LAYING
1 layer 6 lines
N1 N2 R1 S1 T1 T2 S2 R2
d=overall diameter
S S S S S S S
Current Current Current

R Shunt ratio S Shunt ratio T Shunt ratio
unbalance unbalance unbalance Note
phase (%) phase (%) phase (%)
factor factor factor
R1 50.0 1.000 S1 50.0 1.000 T1 50.0 1.000 S=d

Reduction
R2 50.0 1.000 S2 50.0 1.000 T2 50.0 1.000
factor
100.0 2.000 100.0 2.000 100.0 2.000 0.7
1 layer 6 lines
N1 N2 R1 S1 T1 R2 S2 T2
d=overall diameter
S S S S S S S

R1 33.03 0.661 S1 61.04 1.221 T1 60.37 1.207 S=d

Reduction
R2 66.97 1.339 S2 38.96 0.779 T2 39.67 0.793
factor
100.00 2.000 100.00 2.000 100.00 2.000 0.7
Revised date: 08/01/2015 D4
1 layer 6 lines
N1 N2 R1 R2 S1 S2 T1 T2
d=overall diameter
S S S S S S S

R1 44.75 0.955 S1 55.87 1.117 T1 55.72 1.114 S=d

Reduction
R2 52.25 1.045 S2 44.13 0.883 T2 44.28 0.886
factor
100.00 2.000 100.00 2.000 100.00 2.000 0.7
1 phase 2 single cable

1 layer 6 lines
N PHASE R PHASE S PHASE T PHASE
d=overall diameter
S S S S S S S

R1 38.2 0.764 S1 46.6 0.932 T1 60.3 1.206 S=2d

Reduction
R2 61.8 1.236 S2 53.4 1.068 T2 39.2 0.784
factor
100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 0.9
2 layers 3 lines
N1 R1 S1 T1
N2 T2 S2 R2
S S S

R1 50.0 1.000 S1 50.0 1.000 T1 50.0 1.000 S=d

Reduction
R2 50.0 1.000 S2 50.0 1.000 T2 50.0 1.000
factor
100.0 2.000 100.0 2.000 100.0 2.000 0.6
2 layers 3 lines
N1 R1 S1 T1
N2 R2 S2 T2
S S S

R1 50.0 1.000 S1 50.0 1.000 T1 50.0 1.000 S=d

Reduction
R2 50.0 1.000 S2 50.0 1.000 T2 50.0 1.000
factor
100.0 2.000 100.0 2.000 100.0 2.000 0.6
2 layers 3 lines
N PH A SE R PH A SE S PH A SE T PH A SE
N1 R1 S1 T1
S
N2 R2 S2 T2
S S S

R1 50.0 1.0 S1 50.0 1.0 T1 50.0 1.0 S=2d

Reduction
R2 50.0 1.0 S2 50.0 1.0 T2 50.0 1.0
factor
100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 0.9
1 layer 2 lines R1 R2
N1 N2
d=overall diameter of
single core cable x2.115
S1 T1 S2 T2
S S
R1 50.0 1.0 S1 50.0 1.0 T1 50.0 1.0 S=d

Reduction
R2 50.0 1.0 S2 50.0 1.0 T2 50.0 1.0
factor
100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 0.85
1 phase 2 single cables (trefoil style)

1 layer 2 lines
d
N PHASE
R1 R2
d=overall diamet er of
single core cable x 2.155
N1 N2 S1 T1 S2 T2
S S
R1 50.0 1.0 S1 48.4 1.0 T1 51.5 1.0 S=2d

Reduction
R2 49.5 1.0 S2 51.6 1.0 T2 48.5 1.0
factor
100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 100.0 2.0 0.95
1 layer 9 lines
N1 N2 N3 R1 S1 T1 R2 S2 T2 R3 S3 T3
d=overall diameter
S S S S S S S S S S S

R1 17.77 0.533 S1 42.97 1.289 T1 40.37 1.211

S=d
R2 29.94 0.898 S2 33.86 1.016 T2 35.63 1.069
Reduction
factor
R3 52.29 1.569 S3 23.17 0.695 T3 24.00 0.720
0.7
100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000 100.00
1 layer 9 lines
N1 N2 N3 R1 S1 T1 T2 S2 R2 R3 S3 T3
d=overall diameter

R1 40.08 1.202 S1 29.07 0.872 T1 28.98 0.869

S=d
R2 30.45 0.914 S2 33.73 1.012 T2 29.85 0.896
Reduction
R3 29.47 0.884 S3 37.20 1.116 T3 41.18 1.235 factor
0.7
100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000
1 layer 9 lines
N1 N2 N3 R1 R2 R3 S1 S2 S3 T1 T2 T3
d=overall diameter

R1 32.03 0.961 S1 38.58 1.157 T1 40.01 1.200

S=d
R2 31.17 0.935 S2 30.93 0.928 T2 29.87 0.896
Reduction
36.80 30.50 30.12 factor
R3 1.104 S3 0.915 T3 0.904
0.7
100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000
1 phase 3 single cables

1 layer 9 lines
N PH A SE R PH A SE S PH A SE T PH ASE
N1 N2 N3 R1 R2 R3 S1 S2 S3 T1 T2 T3

R1 26 0.779 S1 38.8 1.165 T1 51 1.529

S=2d
R2 22 0.66 S2 18.3 0.548 T2 22.5 0.674
Reduction
52 42.9 26.5 factor
R3 1.561 S3 1.287 T3 0.797
0.8
100 3 100 3 100 3
1 layer 3 lines
N R1 R2 R3
N N S1 T1 S2 T2 S3 T3
S S S

R1 27.32 0.820 S1 31.24 0.937 T1 52.20 1.566

S=2d
R2 32.83 0.985 S2 33.85 1.016 T2 29.29 0.879
Reduction
39.85 34.91 18.51 factor
R3 1.195 S3 1.047 T3 0.555
0.8
100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000
1 layer 3 lines
N1 R1 R2 R3
N2 N3 S1 T1 T2 S2 S3 T3
S S S
R1 35.46 1.064 S1 37.28 1.118 T1 29.43 0.883

S=d
R2 32.79 0.984 S2 31.46 0.944 T2 31.03 0.931
Reduction
R3 31.75 0.952 S3 31.26 0.938 T3 39.54 1.186 factor
0.8
100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000
1 layer 3 lines
N1 R1 S1 T1
single core cable x2.155
N2 N3 R2 R3 S2 S3 T2 T3
S S S

R1 33.26 0.998 S1 33.25 0.997 T1 32.66 0.980

S=d
R2 31.53 0.946 S2 36.69 1.101 T2 37.39 1.122
Reduction
R3 35.21 1.056 S3 30.06 0.902 T3 29.95 0.898 factor
0.8
100.00 3.000 100.00 100.00 3.000
1 layer 3 lines
N1 R1 R2 R3
N2 N3 S1 T1 T2 S2 S3 T3
S S S

R1 34.99 1.050 S1 35.24 1.057 T1 30.73 0.922

S=2d
R2 33.09 0.993 S2 32.53 0.976 T2 32.38 0.971
Reduction
31.92 32.23 36.89 factor
R3 0.957 S3 0.967 T3 1.107
0.95
100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000 100.00 3.000
1 phase 3 single cables (trefoil style)

1 layer 3 lines
N1 R1 S1 T1
d=overall diamet er of
N2 N3 R2 R3 S2 S3 T2 T3
S S S
Then reduction factor for multiple - line laying is 0.8

CV 200 (mm2)
R1 33.30 0.999 S1 33.25 0.998 T1 33.19 0.996
S=2d
R2 32.62 0.979 S2 34.57 1.037 T2 34.85 1.045 d=56mm
Reduction
R3 34.08 1.022 S3 32.18 0.965 T3 31.96 0.959
factor
100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 0.95
CV 250 (mm2)
unbalance
b l unbalance
b l unbalance
b l Note
N t
R1 33.30 0.999 S1 33.26 0.998 T1 33.21 0.996
S=2d
R2 32.55 0.977 S2 34.39 1.032 T2 34.80 1.044 d=60mm
Reduction
R3 34.15 1.024 S3 32.35 0.970 T3 31.99 0.960
factor
100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 0.95
CV 325 (mm2)
Shunt Current Shunt Current Shunt Current
R S T
ratio unbalance ratio unbalance ratio unbalance Note
phase phase phase
(%) factor (%) factor (%) factor
R1 33.29 0.999 S1 33.28 0.998 T1 33.22 0.997
S=2d
R2 32.48 0.974 S2 34.19 1.026 T2 34.75 1.043 d=67mm
Reduction
R3 34.23 1.027 S3 32.53 0.976 T3 32.03 0.960
factor
100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 0.95
1 layer 3 lines
d d = overall diameter of
N1 N2 R1 R2 R1 R2 T1 T2 single core cable x 2.4
N3 N4 R3 R4 R3 R4 T3 T4
S S S
CV 250 (mm2)
R1 26.5 1.060 S1 25.4 1.016 T1 24.5 0.980
R2 25.0 1.000 S2 24.6 0.984 T2 25.5 1.020 S=2d
d=60mm
R3 23.5 0.940 S3 25.4 1.016 T3 24.5 0.980
Reduction
R4 25.0 1.000 S4 24.6 0.984 T4 25.5 1.020 factor
0.95
100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0
CV 325 (mm2)
R1 26.6 1.064
1 064 S1 25.4 1.016
1 016 T1 24.4 0.976
0 976
R2 25.0 1.000 S2 24.6 0.984 T2 25.6 1.024 S=2d
d=67mm
R3 23.4 0.936 S3 25.4 1.016 T3 24.4 0.976
Reduction
R4 25.0 1.000 S4 24.6 0.984 T4 25.6 1.024 factor
0.95
100.0 4 100.0 4.0 100.0 4

2 layer 3 lines
N1 R1 S1 T1 d
N2 N3 R2 R3 S2 S3 T2 T3
S2 S1=2d
S2=3d
N4 R4 S4 T4
N5 N6 R5 R6 S5 S6 T5 T6
S1 S1 S1
CV 200 (mm2)
R1 16.7 1.002 S1 17.1 1.026 T1 16.9 1.014
R2 16.0 0.960 S2 16.3 0.978 T2 16.3 0.978
S1=2d
R3 17.3 1.038 S3 17.5 1.050 T3 16.4 0.984 S2=3d
d=26mm
R4 16.5 0.990 S4 16.9 1.014 T4 16.7 1.002
Reduction
R5 16.1 0.966 S5 14.7 0.882 T5 17.2 1.032 factor
0.95
R6 17.4 1.044 S6 17.5 1.050 T6 16.5 0.990
100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0
CV 250 (mm2)
R1 16.7 1.002 S1 17.1 1.026 T1 16.9 1.014
R2 16.0 0.960 S2 16.4 0.984 T2 16.3 0.978
S1=2d
R3 17.3 1.038 S3 17.3 1.038 T3 16.3 0.984 S2=3d
d=28mm
R4 16.5 0.990 S4 16.9 1.014 T4 16.7 1.002
Reduction
R5 16.1 0.966 S5 15.0 0.900 T5 17.3 1.032 factor
0.95
R6 17.4 1.044 S6 17.3 1.038 T6 16.5 0.990
100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0
CV 325 (mm2)
R1 16.7 1.002 S1 17.1 1.026 T1 16.3 0.978
R2 16.0 0.960 S2 16.4 0.984 T2 16.5 0.990
S1=2d
R3 17.3 1.038 S3 17.3 1.038 T3 17.3 1.038 S2=3d
d=31mm
R4 16.5 0.990 S4 16.9 1.014 T4 17.1 1.026
Reduction
R5 16.1 0.966 S5 15.0 0.900 T5 15.9 0.954 factor
0.95
R6 17.4 1.044 S6 17.3 1.038 T6 16.9 1.014
100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0

3 layer 3 lines
T PHASE
T1 T2 T3 N3 R3 S3 T3
S S
S PHASE
S1 S2 S3 N2 R2 S2 T2
S S
R PHASE
R1 R2 R3 N1 R1 S1 T1
S
N PHASE
N1 N2 N3 S S S
S S
CV 200(mm2)
R1 34.25 1.028 S1 34.00 1.020 T1 34.3 1.029 S=2d
R2 31.50 0.945 S2 32.00 0.960 T2 31.0 0.942 d=26mm
Reduction
R3 34.25 1.027 S3 34.00 1.020 T3 34.3 1.029 factor
0.8
100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0 100.0 3.0
CV 250(mm2)
R1 34.30 1.029 S1 34.07 1.022 T1 34.42 1.033 S=2d
R2 31.40 0.942 S2 31.86 0.956 T2 31.16 0.934 d=28mm
Reduction
R3 34.30 1.029 S3 34.07 1.022 T3 34.42 1.033 factor
100.0 100.0 100.0 0.8
3.0 3.0 3.0
CV 325(mm2)
R1 34.37 1.031 S1 34.16 1.025 T1 34.5 1.035 S=2d
R2 31.26 0.938 S2 31.68 0.950 T2 31.0 0.930 d=31mm
Reduction
R3 34.37 1.031 S3 34.16 1.025 T3 34.5 1.035 factor
100.0 100.0 100.0 0.8
3.0 3.0 3.0

3 layers 4 lines
T PHASE
T1 T2 T3 T4 N4 R4 S4 T4
S S
S PHASE
S1 S2 S3 S4 N3 R3 S3 T3
S S
R PHASE
R1 R2 R3 R4 N2 R2 S2 T2
S S
N PHASE
N1 N2 N3 N4 N1 R1 S1 T1
S S S S S S
CV 200(mm2)
R1 26.43 1.057 S1 26.01 1.04 T1 26.58 1.06
R2 23.57 0.943 S2 23.99 0.96 T2 23.42 0.94 S=2d

d=26mm
R3 23.57 0.943 S3 23.99 0.96 T3 23.42 0.94 Reduction
factor
R4 26.43 1.057 S4 26.01 1.04 T4 26.58 1.06 0.8
100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0
CV 250(mm2)
R1 26.5 1.06 S1 26.12 1.048 T1 26.67 1.07
R2 23.5 0.94 S2 23.88 0.952 T2 23.33 0.93 S=2d

d=28mm
R3 23.5 0.94 S3 23.88 0.952 T3 23.33 0.93 Reduction
factor
R4 26.5 1.06 S4 26.12 1.048 T4 26.37 1.07 0.8
100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0
CV 325(mm2)
R1 26.57 1.063 S1 26.21 1.048 T1 26.75 1.07
R2 23.43 0.937 S2 23.79 0.952 T2 23.25 0.93 S=2d

d=31mm
R3 23.43 0.937 S3 23.79 0.952 T3 23.25 0.93 Reduction
factor
R4 26.57 1.063 S4 26.21 1.048 T4 26.75 1.07 0.8
100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0 100.0 4.0

3 layer 6 lines
T PHASE
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
S
S PHASE
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
S
R PHASE
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
S
N PHASE
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6
S S S S S
CV 200 (mm2)
R1 18.28 1.097 S1 17.69 1.061 T1 18.43 1.106
R2 16.16 0.97 S2 16.31 0.978 T2 16.09 0.965
R3 15.56 0.933 S3 16.0 0.961 T3 15.48 0.929 S=2d

d=26mm
R4 15.56 0.933 S4 16.0 0.961 T4 15.48 0.929 Reduction
factor
R5 16.16 0.97 S5 16.31 0.978 T5 16.09 0.965 0.66
R6 18.28
18 28 1.097
1 097 S6 17.69
17 69 1.061
1 061 T6 18.43
18 43 1.106
1 106
100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0 100.00 6.0
CV 250 (mm2)
R1 18.37 1.103 S1 17.82 1.069 T1 18.57 1.11
R2 16.12 0.967 S2 16.27 0.976 T2 16.04 0.96
15.51 0.93 S3 15.91 0.955 T3 15.39 0.93 S=2d

R3 d=28mm
R4 15.51 0.93 S4 15.91 0.955 T4 15.39 0.93 Reduction
factor
R5 16.12 0.967 S5 16.27 0.976 T5 16.04 0.96 0.66
R6 18.37 1.103 S6 17.82 1.069 T6 18.57 1.11
100.0 6.0 100.0 6.0 100.0 6.0
CV 325 (mm2)
R1 18.47 1.108 S1 17.95 1.077 T1 18.68 1.121
R2 16.09 0.966 S2 16.22 0.973 T2 16.0 0.96
R3 15.44 0.926 S3 15.83 0.95 T3 15.32 0.919 S=2d

d=31mm
R4 15.44 0.926 S4 15.83 0.95 T4 15.32 0.919 Reduction
factor
R5 16.09 0.966 S5 16.22 0.973 T5 16.0 0.96 0.66
R6 18.47 1.108 S6 17.95 1.077 T6 18.68 1.121
100.0 6.0 100.0 6.0 100.0 6.0
CALCULATION EXAMPLE IN CASE OF SAME PHASE, MULTIPLE - LINE LAYING

Transformer capacity: 500 kvA
Secondary rated voltage: 380 V
Secondary rated current: 760A
Using cable: 200sqmm - 1c (d = 26mm)
Cable ladder size: w = 700
N PHASE R PHASE S PH ASE T PHASE
d=26mm
N1 N2 R1 R2 S1 S2 T1
T2
60 60 60 60 60 60 60
Cable arrangement (1 layer 6 lines)

Shunt ratio Current Shunt ratio Current Shunt ratio Current
R phase carrying S phase carrying T phase carrying
(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
capacity capacity capacity
R1 38.2 290.3 < 516 S1 46.6 354.2 < 516 T1 60.3 458.3 < 516
R2 61.8 469.7 < 516 S2 53.4 405.8 < 516 T2 39.7 301.7 < 516
100.0 760.0 < 1032 100.0 760.0 < 1032 100.0 760.0 < 1032
Condition of cable arrangement.

o
* Indoor ( no sunlight, ambient temperature is 40 C )
* Interval middle cable: S = 2d
S = 2 x 26 = 52 < 60
* Reduction factor = 0.9 ( 1 layer 6 lines)
CV 200sqmm - 1C, allowable current is 545 A ( s= 2d)
Current carrying capacity = 545 A ÷0.95 x 0.9 = 516 A
The current can be passed because it is less than the current carrying capacity of the cable arrangement
even though the current which pass to each cable by the same phase is unequal.

Using cable: CV 150sqmm - 1c (d = 22mm)

N1 R1 S1 T1
50
N2 R2 S2 T2
50 50 50
Cable arrangement ( 2 layers 3 lines)

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 50.0 380.0 < 431 S1 50.0 380.0 < 431 T1 50.0 380.0 < 431
R2 50 380.0 < 431 S2 50.0 380.0 < 431 T2 50.0 380.0 < 431
100 760.0 < 862 100.0 760.0 < 862 100.0 760.0 < 862
* Indoor ( no sunlight, ambient temperature is 40oC )
S = 2 x 22 = 44 < 50
* Reduction factor = 0.9 ( 2 layers 3 lines)

CV 150sqmm- 1C, allowable current is 455 A ( S= 2d)
Current carrying capacity = 455 A ÷0.95 x 0.9 = 431

Using cable: 325sqmm-1C (d= 31mm)

N1 N2 R1 R2 S1 S2 T1
T2
70 70 70 70 70 70 70
Cable arrangement ( 1 layer 6 lines)

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 38.2 435.5 < 687 S1 46.6 531.2 < 687 T1 60.3 687.4 > 687
R2 61.8 704.5 > 687 S2 53.4 608.8 < 687 T2 39.7 452.6 < 687
100 1140 < 1374 100.0 1140.0 < 1374 100.0 1140.0 < 1374

o
S = 2 x 31
3 =6 0
62 < 70
* Reduction factor = 0.9 (1 layer 6 lines)
CV 325° - 1c, allowable current is 725 A ( S= 2d)
Current carrying capacity = 725 A ÷0.95 x 0.9 = 687A
The current can be passed because it is less than the current carrying capacity of the cable arrangement even though the current
which pass to each cable by the same phase is unequal.

Then reduction factor for multiple-line is 0.8
N1 R1 S1 T1
60
N2 R2 S2 T2
60 60 60
Cable arrangement (2 layers 3 lines)

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 50 570.0 < 587 S1 50.0 570.0 < 587 T1 50.0 570.0 < 587
R2 50 570.0 < 587 S2 50.0 570.0 < 587 T2 50.0 570.0 < 587
100 1140 < 1174 100.0 1140.0 < 1174 100.0 1140.0 < 1174

o
S = 2 x 28 = 56 < 60
* Reduction factor = 0.9 ( 2 layers 3 lines)
CV 2500 - 1c, allowable current is 620 A ( S= 2d)
Current carrying capacity = 620 A ÷0.95 x 0.9 = 587A

Using cable: 200sqmm-1c x 3 (trefoil style)

N1 R1 S1 T1
N2 N3 R2 R3 S2 S3 T2 T3
120 120 120


(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 33.3 379.6 < 423 S1 33.25 379.1 < 423 T1 33.2 378.4 < 423
R2 32.62 371.9 < 423 S2 34.57 394.1 < 423 T2 34.9 397.3 < 423
R3 34.08 388.5 < 423 S3 32.18 366.8 < 423 T3 32.0 364.3 < 423
100 1140.0 < 1269 100.00 1140.0 < 1269 100.0 1140.0 < 1269

S=2x(Overall diameter of single core cablex2.155)

=2x(26 x2.155)=112.06<120.0
* Reduction factor = 0.9 ( 1 layer 3 lines)

CV 200sqmm - 1c x 3 , allowable current is 470 A
Current carrying capacity = 470 A x 0.95 = 446.5A

Secondary rated current: 1520 A
Using cable: 325sqmm - 1c x 3 (trefoil style)

N1 R1 S1 T1
N2 N3 R2 R3 S2 S3 T2 T3
140 140 140

Cable arrangement (1 layer 3 lines)

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 33.29 506.0 < 608.0 S1 33.28 505.9 < 608.0 T1 33.2 504.9 < 608.0
R2 32.48 493.7 < 608.0 S2 34.19 519.7 < 608.0 T2 34.8 528.2 < 608.0
R3 34.23 520.3 < 608.0 S3 32.53 494.4 < 608.0 T3 32.0 486.9 < 608.0
100 1520.0 <1824.0 100.00 1520.0 < 1824.0 100.0 1520.0 <1824.0

S =2 x (Overall diameter of single core x 2.155) =133.61<140.0

* Reduction factor = 0.95 (1 layer 3 lines)
CV 325sqmm - 1c x 3, allowable current is 640 A

Current carrying capacity = 640 A x 0.95 = 608A

Using cable: 250sqmm-1c x 4 (Flat style)

N PHASE r PHASE s PHASE t PHASE

S=2d
N1 N2 r1 r2 s1 s2 t1 t2
d=overall diameter
= single core cable diameter x 2.439
N3 N4 r3 r4 s3 s4 t3 t4
d
s=150 s=150 s=150

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 26.5 402.5 < 434.0 S1 25.4 385.8 < 434.0 T1 24.5 372.2 < 434.0
R2 25.0 379.8 < 434.0 S2 24.6 373.7 < 434.0 T2 25.5 387.3 < 434.0
R3 23.5 356.9 < 434.0 S3 25.4 385.8 < 434.0 T3 24.5 372.2 < 434.0
R4 25.0 379.8 < 434.0 S4 24.6 373.7 < 434.0 T4 25.4 387.3 < 434.0
100.0 1519.0 <1736.0 100.0 1519.0 <1736.0 100.0 1519.0 <1736.0

* Indoor (no sunlight, ambient temperature is 40oC )
d = overall diameter of 250sqmm-1c x 2.439

=28 x 2.439 =68.2 (mm)
S=2 x d
=68.2 x 2 =136.4 (mm) <150

The allowable current in case of 250sqmm-1c is to be calculated from reduction factor of 1 layer 3 line (flat style), S=2d
=620 ÷0.95 = 652 (A)

The allowable current in case of 250sqmm-1cx4 is to be calculated from reduction factor of 2 layer 2line, S=d
=652 x 0.7 = 456 (A)
The allowable current in case of 250sqmm-1cx4x4, s=2d is to be calculated from reduction factor of 1 layer 3line (flat style), S=d
because Neutral line is not counted
=456 x 0.95 = 434.0 (A)


T PHASE S PHASE R PHASE N PHASE
T1 S1 R1 N1
70
T2 S2 R2 N2
70
T3 S3 R3 N3
70 70 70

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 34.37 522.4 < 610 S1 34.16 519.2 < 610 T1 34.50 524.4 < 610
R2 31.26 475.2 < 610 S2 31.68 481.6 < 610 T2 31.00 471.2 < 610
R3 34.37 522.4 < 610 S3 34.16 519.2 < 610 T3 34.50 524.4 < 610
100 1520 <1830 100.0 1520.0 <1830 100.0 1520.0 <1830

S = 2 x 31 = 62 < 70
* Reduction factor = 0.8 (3 layers 3 lines)
CV 325sqmm - 1c, allowable current is 725 A (S= 2d)

Current carrying capacity = 725 A ÷ 0.95 X 0.8 = 610 A

T PH A SE
T1 T2 T3 T4
60
S PH A SE
S1 S2 S3 S4
60
R PH A SE
R1 R2 R3 R4
60
N PH A SE
N1 N2 N3 N4
60 60 60

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 26.43 401.7 < 458 S1 26.01 395.4 < 458 T1 26.58 404.0 < 458
R2 23.57 358.3 < 458 S2 23.99 364.6 < 458 T2 23.42 356.0 < 458
R3 23.57 358.3 < 458 S3 23.99 364.6 < 458 T3 23.42 356.0 < 458
R4 26.43
26 43 401.7
401 7 < 458 S4 26.01
26 01 395.4
395 4 < 458 T4 26.58
26 58 404.0
404 0 < 458
100 1520.0 <1832 100.0 1520.0 <1832 100.0 1520.0 <1832

o
* Indoor ( no sunlight, ambient temperature is 40 C)
S = 2 x 26 = 52 < 60
CV 200sqmm - 1c, allowable current is 545 A (S= 2d)

Current carrying capacity = 545 A ÷ 0.95 x 0.8 = 458 A

Using cable: 250sqmm- 1c (d = 28mm)
T PHASE
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
60
S PHASE
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
60
R PHASE
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
60
N PHASE
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6
60 60 60 60 80

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 18.47 421.1 < 430 S1 17.95 409.3 < 430 T1 18.68 425.9 < 430
R2 16.09 366.0 < 430 S2 16.22 369.8 < 430 T2 16.00 364.8 < 430
R3 15.44 352.0 < 430 S3 15.83 360.9 < 430 T3 15.32 349.3 < 430
R4 15.44 352.0 < 430 S4 15.83 360.9 < 430 T4 15.32 349.3 < 430
R5 16.09 366.9 < 430 S5 16.22 369.8 < 430 T5 16.00 364.8 < 430
R6 18.47 421.1 < 430 S6 17.95 409.3 < 430 T6 18.68 425.9 < 430
100.00 2280 <2580 100.00 2280.0 <2580 100.00 2280.0 <2580

S = 2 x 28 = 56 < 60
* Reduction factor = 0.66(3 layers 6 lines)
CV 250sqmm- 1c, allowable current is 620 A (S= 2d)

Secondaryy rated voltage:
g 380 V

Using cable: 325sqmm- 1cx3 (d = 31mm)
N1 R1 S1 T1 d
S2=250 mm
N2 N3 R2 R3 S2 S3 T2 T3
(S2 is more than 3d)
S2 d=overall diameter
= single core cable diameter x 2.155
N4 R4 S4 T4
N5 N6 R5 R6 S5 S6 T5 T6
S1=140 S1=140 S1=140

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 16.7 507.5 <547 S1 17.10 519.7 <547 T1 18.68 567.7 >547
R2 16 486.2 <547 S2 16.40 498.4 <547 T2 16.00 486.2 <547
R3 17.3 525.7 <547 S3 17.30 525.7 <547 T3 15.32 465.6 <547
R4 16.5 501.4 <547 S4 16.90 513.6 <547 T4 15.32 465.6 <547
R5 16.1 489.3 <547 S5 15.00 455.9 <547 T5 16.00 486.2 <547

R6 17.4 528.8 <547 S6 17.30 525.7 <547 T6 18.68 567.7 >547
100.00 3039 <3282 100.00 3039.0 <3282 100.00 3039.0 <3282

* Interval middle cable: S1 = 2d; S2 = more than 5d
d = overall diameter of 325 sqmm-1c x 2.155

=31 x 2.155 =66.82 (mm)
S1=2 x d = 66.82 x 2 = 136.6 < 140 mm

S2=3 x d=66.8 x 3 =200.4 < 250 mm
The allowable current in case of 325sqmm-1cx3 is 640 A
Current carrying capacity = 640 x 0.95 x 0.9 = 547

Using cable: 400sqmm - 1c (d=34mm)

T PHASE
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
80
S PHASE
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
80
R PHASE
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
80
N PHASE
N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6
80 80 80 80 80
Cable arrangement (3 layers 6 lines)

(%) (A) (%) (A) (%) (A)
R1 18.47 561.5 < 566 S1 17.95 545.7 < 566 T1 18.68 567.9 > 566
R2 16.09 489.1 < 566 S2 16.22 493.1 < 566 T2 16.00 486.4 < 566
R3 15.44 469.4 < 566 S3 15.83 481.2 < 566 T3 15.32 465.7 < 566
R4 15.44 469.4 < 566 S4 15.83 481.2 < 566 T4 15.32 465.7 < 566
R5 16.09 489.1 < 566 S5 16.22 493.1 < 566 T5 16.00 486.4 < 566
R6 18.47 561.5 < 566 S6 17.95 545.7 < 566 T6 18.68 567.9 > 566
100.00 304.0 <3396 100.00 3040.0 <3396 100.00 100.0 <3396

* Indoor ( no sunlight, ambient temperature is 40o C)
50
* Interval middle cable: S = 2d Ø14

40
S = 2 x 34 = 64 < 80
25
18 40 17 12
CV 400sqmm - 1c, allowable current is 815 A (S= 2d) 20 40 40 40 40 40 20

25

40
Secondary transformer terminal and cable pressure

Ø14
55
terminal are connected by copper bar more than 120 x t26.5

COOPER BAR 120 x 26.5
Example of processed copper bar
HOW TO DECIDE THE SHAPE OF THE CONNECTION TERMINAL

When we chooes the shape of the connection terminal, it is judged with the following calculating formula.
Calculating formula
Contact part area of terminal (mm2) ≥ Load current (A) ÷ 0.3 (mm2)
But this calculating formula is a criterion when we wire it without dividing one phase for main line or device.
So this calculating formular can not use in case of Multiple - Line laying
Reference example
MCB
3P600A
XLPE/PVC
325o-1Cx3 E60o
3Φ3W
M 400V
250KW (Load current 430A)
Calculating example in case of Ring terminals (R type)
33.0
Contact part
50.5
Φ 13
Dimention of ring terminal (R type 325-12)

Reference example
⎧ (50.5/2)2 × 3.14 ⎫
+ 50.5× 33 × 0.8⎬ − (13/2) × 3.14 ≥ 430 ÷
2
⎨ 725 ÷ 0.3
430 ÷ 0.3
0.3
⎩ 2 ⎭
O 2.201 mm2 ≥ 1.433
The contact part area is bigger than load current/0.3, so we can choose one hole type in this case.
Calculating example in case of Ring terminal (RD type)
33.0
Contact part
50.5
Φ 14 x 2
Dimention of Ring terminal (RD type 325-12)

Reference example
⎧ (50.5/2)2 × 3.14 ⎫
+ 50.5× 62.25 × 0.8⎬ − (14/2) × 3.14× 2 ≥ 725
2
⎨ ÷ 0.3
430 ÷ 0.3
⎩ 2 ⎭
O 3.208 mm2 ≥ 1.433

II. DATA 4: ALLOWABLE CURRENT OF COPPER BAR

There are many ratios which determine the selection of a particular size of copper bar for a particcular
application and current rating.
Some of these ratios are:
1. Conductivity of copper bar .

2. Surface condition of bar – Bright copper has a lower emission ratio than dull or black surface.
3. Enclosure size and type of material – has a big effect on temperature.
4. Permissible temperature rise.
5. Ambient temperature.
6. Mounting position and spacing – Vertical bus-bar have a better temperature dissipation than horizontal bars .
7. Size of bar thickness and parameter of bar , a 25x4 mm bar has a better rating than 20x5 mm bar .
8. Type of enclosure IP54, IP40 or free air through air movement increases rating dramatically.
There are many publications and table available, but because of the many ratios involved no two tables
are the same.
The follwing current ratings are a guide only and are based on the following:
Ambient: 40oC.
Temperature rise: 45oC.
IP54 enclosure, steel with no ventilation of enclosure.
Bus-bars surface is dull with normal oxidization and copper bar is extruded by high conductivity copper.
Busbars are mounted vertically with bar thickness spacing.

The following ratios can be utilized for various conditions:
1. Where those bus-bars run horizontally in lieu of vertical, multiply the current rating by 0.95.
2. Where the bus-bars are painted with dull black brand paint, multiply the current ratings by 1.15.
3. In case of situations, multiply the ratings by the indicated ratios:
IP40 enclosure with louvres 1.05

Enclosure with forced ventilation 1.12
Open Bus-bars in still air 1.12
Open Bus-bars in free air 1.15
Enclosure in air conditioned room ambien 1.15
(The DATA for Copper Bus Bar base on data from ANT Panel Maker)

BUS BAR CURRENT RATING DATA (Data from ANT panel Maker)
BUS-BAR CURRENT - CARRYING CAPACITY
t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t

SIZE OF BAR 1 Bar 2 Bar 3 Bar 4 Bar
10 X 2.0 75
12X 2.0 100
16X 2.0 120
20X 2.0 195
10X 2.5 100
12X 2.5 130
16X 2.5 160
20X 2.5 195
25X 2.5 235
10X 3.0 110
12X 3.0 135
16X 3.0 180
20X 3.0 225
25X 3.0 280 505
30X 3.0 335 600
12X 5.0 180
16X 5.0 210
10X 5.0 270
20X 5.0 325
25X 5.0 385 700
30X 5.0 445 800
40X 5.0 560 1000
50X 5.0 695 1250
16X 6 0
6.0 300
20X 6.0 360
25X 6.0 430 755
30X 6.0 500 900
40X 6.0 640 1152 1536 1880
50X 6.0 780 1400 1875 2300
63X 6.0 920 1655 2200 2715
75X 6.0 1130 1975 2545 3050
80X 6.0 1200 2100 2700 3240
100X 6.0 1480 2516 3256 3925
20X 8.0 460 825
25X 8.0 540 975
30X 8.0 610 1100
40X 8.0 755 1360 1464 2225
50X 8.0 900 1620 2160 2655
60X 8.0 1045 1880 2500 3082
75X 8.0 1260 2200 2835 3400
80X 8.0 1330 2325 2995 3595
100X 8.0 1595 2710 3500 4226
25X 10 600 1050
30X 10 675 1180
40X 10 850 1485 1915 2295
50X 10 1020 1785 2295 2754
60X 10 1200 1980 2700 3240
75X 10 1420 2345 3053 3695
80X 10 1500 2475 3225 3975
100X 10 1810 2990 3710 4344
25X 12 670 1175
30X 12 765 1340
40X 12 960 1680 2112 2592
50X 12 1140 2000 2500 3078
60X 12 1350 2365` 2970 3645
75X 12 1580 2765 3395 4100
80X 12 1670 2925 3590 4345
100X 12 2025 3545 4150 4860
DATA 4

TRANSFORMER (1)
Examination of an anchor bolt when Tr is set up on the floor or foundation.
hG
nt l (b )
G G
l (a ) l (a )
lG
9000
G FH
Rb
W -F v 8000
hG lG l (a )/ 2
Q
l (b ) 7000
G : Center of gravity position

W : Machinery
y weight
g 6000
Rb : Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt M24
n : Total number of anchor bolt 5000

Rb(kg) M22
nt : Total number of anchor bolt of short side
hG : Height from base bottom to machinery center of gravity M20
4000
ℓ(a) : Anchor bolt interval (short side)
ℓ(b) : Anchor bolt interval (long side)
ℓG : Distance from anchor bolt center to machinery center 3000
of gravity M16
FH : Design horizontal seismic force
KH : Design horizontal seismic coefficient (Arrange 0.4~0.6) 2000
Fv : Design vertical seismic force M12
Q : Shearing force in anchor bolt 1000 M10

Examination of anchor bolt M8
FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅
Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt Rb = G
kg
( a ) ⋅ nt
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
FH
Shear force per one anchor bolt kg Q= Q (kg)
n Figure-1
We use figure - 1 (axis Y is Rb(kg), axis X is Q(kg) to choose an
anchor bolt - diameter.
In this case of Rb = 0kg or minus, bolt diameter is chosen by axis X (Qkg)
Revised date: 05/11/2013 E1
BASIC WAY OF THINKING THAT WE CHOICE ANCHOR BOLT
G
SEISMIC FORCE
Rb=PULLING
YIELD FORCE
Rb
Q=SHEARING FORCE
(a)
PULLING YIELD FORCE ACT

THIS TWO ANCHOR BOLTS
G
(b) SEISMIC FORCE
Ú (a) < (b)

(a)
FORCE OF LONG SIDE
Figure-1: Force acted at the time of seismic
1. We examine short side and long side individually.
2. We choose a disadvantageous side (short side).
3. When seismic force acts to right side as it is showed in figure 1,

Rb (pulling yield force) shares with left side anchor bolt (2pcs).
4. Q (shearing force) shears seismic force with total quantity of anchor bolt.
Revised date: 05/11/2013
(b)
H : HEIGH FROM BOTTOM TO TOP OF BUSHING.

G : MACHINERY CENTER OF GRAVITY POSITION.
R OF GRAVITY POSITION.
HG : HEIGH FROM A BASE BOTTOM TO MACHINERY CENTER
ℓ( a): ANCHOL BOLT INTERVAL (SHORT SIDE) (ℓ (a) ≤ ℓ (b)).
ℓ (b): ANCHOL BOLT INTERVAL (SHORT SIDE) (ℓ (a) ≤ ℓ (b)).
ℓ (G): DISTANCE FROM AN ANCHOR BOLT CENTER TO MACHINERY CENTER OF
GRAVITY.
C > L
E3
CALCULATION EXAMPLE OF ANCHOR BOLT OF TRANSFORMER

KH = 0.6 :Design horizontal seismic coeffcient
W = 2857kg :Weight of transformer
hG = 65 cm :Height from base bottom to center of gravity.
ℓG = 41cm :Distance from the anchor bolt center to machinery center of gravity
FH = KH W = 0.6x2857 = 1714.2 kg :Design horizontal seismic force
FV = FH/2 = 1714.2/2 = 857.1 kg :Design vertical seismic force
ℓ(a)= 82 cm :Anchor bolt interval (short side)
n = 4 pcs :Total number of anchor bolt
nt = 2pcs :Total number of anchor bolt of short side
9000
H = 174 cm
8000
Pulling yield force

per one anchor bolt FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV )⋅ 7000
Rb = G
kg
( a ) ⋅ nt
1714.2 × 65 − (2857 − 857.1)× 41 6000

= kg
82 × 2 M24
= 179.4kg 5000
Rb(kg) M22
M20
4000
Shear force
FH
per one anchor bolt Q= kg 3000
n M16
1714.2
= k
kg 2000
4
M12
= 428.6kg
1000 M10
M8
We use figure -1 (axis y is 179.4kg, axis X is 428.6kg). Rb(kg)=179.4(kg)
Then we choose M8 anchor bolt-diameter, because point of 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Q=482.6(kg) Q (kg)
intersection is in the position under the M8 line Figure-1
Confirmation of position of anchor bolt.

It 's confirmed using the right side of figure-2
because C > L (15 > 5)
Axis Y is Rb = 179.4kg
Axis X is L = 5 cm (length of anchor bolt)
It's confirmed that a point of intersection enters area of M8
d
C=15cm
L=5cm
Figure ‐ 2
THE CONFIRMATION OF ANCHOR BOLT ON FOUNDATION.
Rb(kg) PULLING YIELD FORCE

C > 6cm
d
C
M16
M16 Rb(kg)
L
3,000
M12
M12
2,000
M10
M10
1,000
M8
M8
M12
M10 M16
M16 M8~M12
M8
15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20
C(cm) L(cm)
Requestment of Rb
1. When it is C > L, we use the right side chart (axis X is L, axis Y is Rb)
2. When it is C ≤ L, we use the left side chart (axis X is C, axis Y is Rb)
We can confirm the size of anchor bolt from the point of intersection of axis X (L or C) and axis Y (Rb)
We should install anchor bolt at the point that the distance is more than 6cm from the foundation edge.
EXAMINATION OF STOPPER (THICKNESS OF STEEL PLATE), ANCHOR BOLT.
G G
FH
W-Fv
Rb Rb To
Rb
A
Qo Qo
Q
G (b)
(a)
By the following calculation formula, the thickness of the stoppe

is chosen by bigger value which is compared in To and Qo
For To: t ≥ 6{KH ⋅ hG − G (1 − K V )}W ⋅ 3
fb ⋅ a ( 1 − m ⋅ do )NS
(b) 6K H ⋅ W ⋅ 2
For Qo: t ≥
fb ( 1 − m ⋅ do )NS
Shear force per one anchor bolt:

KH ⋅ W FH
Q= =
m ⋅ NS m ⋅ NS
Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt:
(a)
Rb =
{K H ⋅ hG − G (1 − K V )}W
⋅
3 + 5
a ⋅ m ⋅ NS 5
fb: : Bending stress permitting for temporary loading of steel product 2400kg/cm2
m : Total number of anchor bolt per one stopper.
do : Aperture diameter of a bolt
t : Steel thickness of steel plate
Ns : Total number of one short side stoppers.
W : Machinery weight
To KH : Design horizontal seismic coefficient (Arrange 0.4~0.6)
KV : Design vertical seismic force (Kv=KH/2)
(B) 2 ※Thinking about a fall moment (To) mainly on stopper A:
To =
{KH ⋅ hG − G (1− K V )}W
(A2) (A1) Rb (a )
Rb t In case of To ≤0 or hG /ℓG ≤(1-Kv)/KH, it does not produce pulling,

do support is a movement prevention type (A1+A2)
do
3
In case of To > 0 or hG/ℓG > (1-KV)/KH, it produces pulling,

1
support is a movement fall prevention type (A1+A2+B)
5
CALCULATION EXAMPLE OF A STOPPER. (MOVEMENT-FELL PREVENTION TYPE A1+A2+B)

KH = 0.6 Design horizontal seismic coefficient (B)
KV = 0.3 Design vertical seismic force (KH/2)
W = 990kg Machinery weight
(A2) (A1)
2
hG = 51cm Height from a base bottom to machinery center of grav d0
ℓG = 30cm Distance from anchor bolt center to machinery center of gravity 3 5

ℓ(a) = 60cm Distance of channel base (short side)
m=2 Total number of anchor bolt per one stopper (A2)
NS = 2 Total number of short side stopper
do = 1.4cm Hole diameter of a bolt m d0
ℓ1 = 8.0cm Stopper measurement

(B) m=2
ℓ2 = 3.9cm Stopper measurement 1
ℓ3 = 11.2cm Stopper measurement
ℓ5 = 3.25cm Stopper measurement m d0
fb = 2400kg/cm2 Bending stress permitting for temporary loading of steel product (A1)
3 5
Thickness of steel plate 6{KH ⋅ hG − G (1 − K V )}W ⋅ 3

t=
for To fb ⋅ (a ) ( 1 − m ⋅ do )Ns
6 × {0.6 × 51 − 30(1 − 0.3 )}× 990 ×11.2

= = 0.65cm
2400 × 60 × (8.0 − 2 ×1.4 )× 2
Thickness of steel plate

6K H ⋅ W ⋅ 2
f Q
for Qo t=
fb ( 1 − m ⋅ do )NS
6 × 0.6 × 990 × 3.9

= = 0.75cm
2400 × (8.0 − 2 ×1.4 )× 2
The thickness of the stopper is chosen by bigger value which is compared in To (0.65cm) and Qo (0.75cm).
Then 0.75cm is chosen.
CALCULATION EXAMPLE OF ANCHOR BOLT
K H ⋅ W 0.6 × 990
Shear force Q= = = 148.5kg
m ⋅ NS 2× 2
per one anchor bolt
Pulling yield force Rb =

{K H ⋅ hG − G (1 − K V )}W ⋅ 3+ 5
=
{0.6 × 51 - 30 × (1- 0.3 )}× 990 × 11.2 + 3.25
⋅ m ⋅ NS 5 60 × 2 × 2 3.25
per one anchor bolt a
= 176kg
Fall moment To =
{KH ⋅ hG − G (1 − K V )}W = {0.6 × 51- 30 × (1- 0.3 )}× 990 = 158kg
(a ) 60
Because of To = 158kg > 0, stopper is movement-fall prevention type (A1+A2+B) and anchor bolt for stopper installation is
M8-2 pieces by figure.
SAMPLE OF SUPPORT FOR TRANSFORMER
BASE OF TRANSFORMER
Ú MOVEMENT PREVENTION TYPE (A TYPE)

l2
(A1)
(A2)
l1
※(A1+A2)TYPE
l3 l5
Ú MOVEMENT FALL PREVENTION TYPE (B TYPE)

l2
(B)
(A1)
(A2)
l1
※(A1+A2+B)TYPE
l3 l5
THE CALCULATION OF THE STOPPER, THE ANCHOR B
BOLT IN CASE OF THE TRANSFORMER (500KvA 22/0.4Kv)-(1)
Revised date: 05/11/2013
G G
=145cm
FH
H
W-Fv
hG =60cm
hG =60cm
G =33.5cm
= 76cm
(a) = 67cm
(b) = 104cm
BUSING
H : HEIGHT FROM A BASE BOTTOM TO TOP OF B
N
G : MACHINERY CENTER OF GRAVITY POSITION
RY CENTER OF GRAVITY POSITION
hG : HEIGHT FROM A BASE BOTTOM TO MACHINERY
(a) : ANCHOR BOLT INTERVAL (SHORT SIDE) ( ((a)≤ (b))
(b) : ANCHOR BOLT INTERVAL (LONG SIDE) ( ((a)≤ (b))
E10
CALCULATION OF THE STOPPER THICKNESS OF TRANSFORMER ( In case of 500KvA 22/0.4kV)

KH = 0.6 Design horizontal seismic coefficient
KV = KH/2 = 0.3 Design vertical seismic force
W = 1700 kg Machinery weight
hG = 60.0 cm Height from a base bottom to machinery center of gravity Ns m=2
ℓG = 33.5 cm Distance from anchor bolt center to machinery center of gravity

ℓ(a) = 67.0 cm Distance of channel base (short side)
m = 2 pieces Total number of anchor bolt per one stopper (a)
Ns
NS = 2 pieces Total number of short side stoppers
do = 1.0 cm Hole diameter of a bolt
Ns
ℓ1 = 14.0 cm Stopper measurement
(b)
2
fb = 2400 kg/cm Bending stress permitting for temporary loading of steel product
hG 60.0 (1− KH) = 1 − 0.3 = 1.17
G
=
33.5
= 1.79 〉 KH 0.6
Because of hG/ℓG >(1-Kv)/KH=1.79 >1.17, the stopper which is movement-fall prevention type (A1+A2+B) is chosen.
Thickness of steel plate for To 6{KH ⋅ hG − G (1− K V )}W ⋅ 3

t=
fb ⋅ (a ) ( 1 − m ⋅ do )Ns
{
6 × 0.6 × 60 − 33.5 1 − 0.3 ( )}× 1700 × 21 = 0.83cm
( )
=
2400 × 67 × 14 − 2 × 1.0 × 2
Thickness of steel plate for Qo 6K H ⋅ W ⋅ 2

t=
fb ( 1 − m ⋅ do )NS
6 × 0.6 × 1700 × 5
= = 0.73cm
2400 × (14 − 2 × 1.0 )× 2
The thickness of the stopper is chosen by bigger value which is compared in To (0.86cm) and Qo (0.75cm), then 0.86cm is chosen.
9000
CALCULATION OF STOPPERS ANCHOR BOLT

Shear force 8000
K .W 0.6 × 1700
Q= H = = 255kg
m.NS 2×2 7000
Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt

{K ⋅ h − (1− K V )}W ⋅ 3 + 5 kg
Rb = H G G 6000
a ⋅ m ⋅ NS 5
M24
=
{0.6 × 60 - 33.5 × (1 - 0.3 )}× 1700 × 21 + 3 5000
M22
Rb(kg)
67 × 2 × 2 3
M20
= 637kg 4000
Anchor bolt for stopper installation is M8-2 pieces per

one stopper by Figure-1 3000
M16
2000
M12
M10
1000
M8
Rb(kg)=637(kg)
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Q=255(kg) Q (kg)
Figure-1
THE CALCULATION EXAMPLE OF THE STOPPER, THE ANCHOR BOLT IN CASE OF

THE TRANSFORMER (500KV 22/0.4KV) -(2)
Ø13 Ø13
12cm
4.5cm 67cm 4.5cm
76cm 4.0
8cm 16cm
(A1) (A1)
5cm
5cm
(A2) (A2)
Thickness of steel
plate t = 0.86
Anchor bolt size is M8
A
(B)
(A1) Ø10
5cm( 1) (A2) (Anchor bolt size
is M8)
Thickness of steel
plate t = 0.86
p
21cm( 3) 3cm( 5)
(A2)
Ø10
(Anchor bolt size
is M8)
(B) (A1) 14cm( 2)
Ø10
(Anchor bolt size
is M8)
8cm 16cm
Detailed drawing of A
PANEL (1)
Examination of an anchor bolt of panel.
L(b)
L(a)
FH
G G
H
W-Fv
ℓG2 ℓG1
hG Rb
ℓ(a)
ℓ(b)
9000
G : Center of gravity position
8000
Rb : Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt
n : Total number of anchor bolt
nt : Total number of anchor bolt of short side 7000
hG : Height from base bottom to
machinery center of gravity
ℓ(a) : Anchor bolt interval (short side) 6000
ℓ(b) : Anchor bolt interval (long side) M24
ℓG : Distance from anchor bolt center to
5000
machinery center of gravity Rb(kg) M22
FH : Design horizontal seismic force
M20
KH : Design horizontal seismic coefficient (Arrange 0.4~0.6) 4000
Fv : Design vertical seismic force
FV = FH/2
Q : Shearing force in anchor bolt 3000
M16
Examination of an anchor bolt
Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt
2000
FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅ M12
Rb = G
kg
( a ) ⋅ nt
1000 M10
Shear force of one anchor bolt M8
FH
Q= kg
n 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Q (kg)
We use figure - 1 (axis y is Rb kg, axis X is Q kg) Figure-1
to choose a bolt diameter.
But because of Rb = 0kg or minus, bolt diameter is chosen by axis X (Qkg).
PANEL (2)
Calculation example of anchor bolt of panel
L(b) =300cm
L(a) =100cm
FH
h = 235cm
G G
W-Fv
hG= 1 00 cm
hG= 1 00 cm
ℓG2 =140cm ℓG1 =140cm
l G2 = 140cm lG1 =40cm
R
b
l ℓ(b)=280cm
(b) = 280cm
G : Machinery center of gravity position

W=2800kg : Machinery weight
n=12pcs : Total number of anchor bolt
nt(a)= 6pcs : Total number of anchor bolt of short side
nt(a)= 2pcs : Total number of anchor bolt of long side
ℓ(a) = 80cm : Anchor bolt interval (short side) G SEISMIC FORCE
ℓ(b) = 280cm : Anchor bolt interval (long side) FORCE OF SHORT SIDE
ℓG1 = 40 cm : Center of gravity position (long side)
ℓG2 = 140 cm : Center of gravity position (short side)
hG = 100 cm : Height from base bottom to machinery center of gravity
KH = 0.6 : Design horizontal seismic coefficient
FH = 1680 kg : Design horizontal seismic force (KH W)
FV = 840 kg : Design vertical seismic force (FH/2)
hG = 100 cm : Height from base bottom to machinery center of gravity
FORCE OF LONG SIDE
Pulling yield force F ⋅ h − (W − FV ) ⋅
Rb = H G G
kg
of one anchor bolt ⋅ nt
FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅ 1680 ×100 − (2800 − 840) ×140

Long side Rb = G2
= = −190kg〈0kg
b ⋅ nt b 280 × 2
Short side FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅ 1680 × 100 − (2800 − 840) × 40

Rb = G1
= = 187kg
a ⋅ nt a 80 × 6
Shear force of FH 1680

Q= = = 140kg
one anchor bolt n 12
LIST - 1
Direction of
Long side Short side
applied tension
nt (nta, ntb) 2 pcs 6 pcs because of Rb = 0kg (long side) < Rb=187kg (short side),
Bolt span (ℓ) 280 cm 80 cm it is used
Pulling yield force (Rb) 0 187kg/pcs
Shear force (Q) 140kg/pcs 140kg/pcs
We use figure -1 (axis y is Rb=187kg, axis X is Q=140kg).
Then we choose M8 anchor bolt, because point of intersection is in the position under the M8 line.
PANEL (3)
Calculation example of anchor bolt of panel
４５cm
Ｈ＝１６８,７cm
W-F V
hG =90cm
５０cm ７５cm ５０cm ５０cm

l G1= 37cm
FH
G
l (a)= 74cm
l G2= 24cm
５０cm ７５cm ５０cm ５０cm
CALCULATION EXAMPLE OF ANCHOR BOLT FOR INSTALL PANEL

KH = 0.6 Design horizontal seismic coefficient
W = 780 kg Machinery weight
hG = 90cm Height from base bottom to machinery center of gravity
ℓ(a) = 74cm Anchor bolt interval (short side)
ℓG1 = 37cm Distance from an anchor bolt center to machinery center of gravity ( ℓG ≤ ℓ(a)/2)
FH = KH W = 0.6x780 = 468kg Design horizontal seismic force (FH = KH W)
FV = FH/2 = 468/2 = 234kg Design vertical seismic force (FV = FH/2)
n = 16 pcs Total number of anchor bolt
nt = 8pcs Total number of anchor bolt of short side
H = 169 cm Height from base bottom
Pulling yield force FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅ G

per one anchor bolt Rb = kg
( a ) ⋅ nt
468 × 90 − (780 − 234 )× 37

= kg
74 × 8
= 37.0kg
9000
Shear force
FH 8000
per one anchor bolt Q=
n
486
= kg 7000
16
= 29.3kg
6000
We uses figure - 1(axis y is Rb = 37.0kg,
M24
axis x is Q = 29.3 kg), then we choose
M8 anchor bolt because point of 5000
intersection is in the position under Rb(kg) M22
the M8 line
M20
4000
3000
M16
2000
M12
M10
1000
M8
Rb(kg)=37(kg)
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Q=29.3(kg) Q (kg)
Figure-1
PANEL (4)
Examination of panel steel base, anchor bolt, installation bolt
N P
G FH G
W-Fv
hOG
G
INSTALLATION BOLT
Rb
(a)
Q(b)
H H
ANCHOR BOLT
N
Q(a)
L(b) L(a)
G : Center of gravity position H : Height of panel base

W : Machinery weight α1 : Total number of prop of short side
L(a) : Length of installation steel materials (short side) α2 : Total number of prop
FH : Design horizontal seismic force(FH = KH W) n1 : Total number of anchor bolt
KH : Design horizontal seismic coefficient (Arrange 0.4~0. n2 : Total number of installation bolt
FV : Design vertical seismic force(FV = FH/2) nt : Total number of anchor bolt of short side
KV : Design vertical seismic coefficient(KV = KH/2) : Distance of installation bolt of short side
hOG : Height from a panel bottom to a center of gravity : Distance from installation bolt to machinery
center it (
t off gravity
Examination of panel steel base
Fall moment of panel base M = FH .hOG 9000
Fall moment of panel installation steel material baseMB = M + FH .H

MB W
+ ⋅ (1+ K V ) kg
8000
Compression force of support (piller) CNc =
α1⋅ L(a) α2
Using List - 2, The angle size of panel steel base is chosen 7000
by value of CNc and H (height of panel base)

List - 2 (kg)
6000
Height H
50cm 60cm 70cm 80cm 90cm 100cm M24
Angle size
L3x40 4450 4000 3510 3060 2550 2070 5000
Rb(kg) M22
L4x50 8010 7540 6960 6310 5670 5030
Examination of anchor bolt M20
4000
Pulling yield force MB W
N= − ⋅ (1− K V ) kg
per one anchor bolt α1⋅ L(a ) α2
3000
FH M16
Shear force Q(a) = kg
per one anchor bolt n1 2000
We use figure - 1(axis Y is N, axis X is Q), then we choose the M12
anchor bolt diameter. M10

1000
Examination of installation bolt
M8
Pulling yield force FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅
Rb = G
kg
per one installation bolt ( a ) ⋅ nt 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Q (kg)
FH Figure-1
Shear force
Q(b) = kg
per one installation bolt n2
We use figure - 1(axis Y is Rb, axis X is Q), then we choose the installation bolt diameter.
THE CALCULATION EXAMPLE OF PANEL STEEL BASE, ANCHOR BOLT, INSTALLATION BOLT
N P
G FH G
130cm
hOG = 65cm
W-Fv
INSTALLATION BOLT
Rb INSTALLATION BOLT
Q(b)
H=80cm
H=80cm
ANCHOR BOLT ANCHOR BOLT
N
Q(a)
L(b)=60cm L(a)=20cm

KV = KH/2 = 0.3 : Design vertical seismic coefficient (KV = KH/2)
W = 500 kg : Machinery weight
FH = KH W = 300 kg : Design horizontal seismic force (FH = KH W)
FV = FH/2 = 150 kg : Design vertical sesmic force (FV = FH/2)
hOG = 65 cm : Height from a panel base to a center of gravity
H = 80 cm : Height of panel base
L(a) = 20 cm : Length of panel base
α1=2 : Total number of structure phase of short side
α2=4 : Total number of all pillars
n1= 4 : Total number of anchor bolt
n2= 4 : Total number of installation bolt
nt= 2 : Total number of anchor bolt of short side
=10cm : Distance of installation bolt of short side
=5cm : Distance from installation bolt to machinery center of gravity (ℓG = ℓ(a)/2)
Examination of panel base

Fall moment of panel base M = FH.hOG = 300x65 = 19500kg.cm
Fall moment of panel installation steel material base MB = M+FH.H = 19500+300x80 = 43500kg.cm
Compression force of support (piller):

MB W 43500 500
CNc = + ⋅ (1+ K V ) = + × (1+ 0.3 ) = 1087.5 + 162.5 = 1250kg
α1⋅ L(a ) α2 2 × 20 4
List - 2 ( kg)
Height H
50cm 60cm 70cm 80cm 90cm 100cm
Angle size
L3x40 4450 4000 3510 3060 2550 2070
L4x50 8010 7540 6960 6310 5670 5030
Using list - 2, the size of panel steel base with CNc = 1250kg < 3060kg and H = 80cm is examined,
then we choose the size that Panel steel base is L3x40.
EXAMINATION EXAMPLE OF ANCHOR BOLT (A)
Pulling yield force MB W 43500 500

N= − ⋅ (1- K V ) = − × (1- 0.3 ) = 1087.5 − 87.5 = 1000kg
per one anchor bolt α1⋅ L(a ) α2 2 × 20 4
Shear force Q(a) =

FH 300
= = 75kg
n1 4
per one anchor bolt
We use figure -1( axis Y is N = 1250kg, axis X is Q = 75kg).

Then we choose M10 anchor bolt-diameter, because point of intersection is in the position under the M10 line.
EXAMINATION EXAMPLE OF INSTALLATION BOLT.

Pulling yield force FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅ 300 × 65 − (500 − 150 )× 5
Rb = G
= = 887.5kg
per one installation bolt (a) ⋅ nt 10 × 2
FH 300
Shear force Q(b) = = = 75kg
n2 4
per one anchor bolt
We use figure - 1(axis Y is Rb = 887.5kg, axis X is Q = 75kg)

Then we choose M8 installation bolt-diameter, because point of intersection is in the position under the M8 line.
9000
8000
7000
6000
M24
5000
Rb(kg) M22
N(kg)
M20
4000
3000
M16
2000
M12
1000kg M10
1000
N
887.5
Rb
M8
887.5kg
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Q (kg)
Q(a).Q(b)
75kg
Figure-1
GENERATOR (1)
Examination of an anchor bolt of generator.
n: TOTAL NUMBER OF ANCHOR BOLT =4pcs
G FH
G (a)
W-Fv
G1 hG
G2 nt: TOTAL NUMBER OF G1

(b) ANCHOR BOLT OF SHORT SIDE (a)
G : Center of gravity
Rb : Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt 9000
n :Total number of anchorbolt
nt : Total number of anchor bolt of short side
8000
hG : Height from a generator base to a center of gravity
: Anchor bolt interval (short side)
center of
7000
gravity(
KH : Design horizontal seismic coefficent (Arrange 0.4~0.6)
FH : Design horizontal seismic force (FH = KH.W) 6000
FV : Design vertical seismic force (FV = FH/2) M24
Q : Shear force per one anchor bolt
5000
Rb(kg) M22
Examination of anchor bolt
M20
Pulling yield force per one anchor bolt: 4000
FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅
Rb = (G1)
kg
( a ) ⋅ nt
3000
Shear force per one anchor bolt: M16
FH
Q= kg 2000
n
M12
We use figure - 1 (axis Y is Rb kg, axis X is Q kg). And we
choose the anchor bolt - diameter. 1000 M10
But because of Rb = 0kg or minus, bolt - diameter is chosen M8
by axis X (Q kg).
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Q (kg)
Figure-1
GENERATOR (2)
Calculation of anchor bolt of generator
G FH
(a) =46cm
G W-Fv
hG =39cm
G1=23cm
(b) =90cm (b) =90cm

W = 800kg : Machinery weight
FH = KH W = 480kg : Design horizontal seismic force
FV = FH/2 = 240kg : Design vertical seismic force
hG = 39cm : Height from a generator base to a center of gravity
: Distance from anchor bolt center to machinery center of gravity
: Anchor bolt interval
nt = 2 : Total number of anchor bolt of short side

n = 4pcs : Total number of anchor bolt 9000
Pulling yield force

FH ⋅ hG − (W − FV ) ⋅
Rb = (G1)
kg 8000
per one anchor bolt ( a ) ⋅ nt
480 × 39 − (800 − 240 ) × 23

= kg
46 × 2 7000
= 63kg
Shear force FH 480
Q= = = 120kg
per one anchor bolt n 4 6000
M24
we use figure - 1(axis is Rb = 63kg, axis is Q = 120kg),
then we choose M8 anchor bolt because point of 5000
intersection is in the position under the M8 line. Rb(kg) M22
M20
4000
3000
M16
2000
M12
M10
1000
M8
Rb(kg)=63(kg)
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Q=120(kg) Q (kg)
Figure-1
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ed date: 03/01/2014 F10
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8
III- GENERAL IDEA OF SHORT - CIRCUIT CURRENT

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT
When Short-circuit Trouble happen in circuit , the Short Current will flow from the Trouble Point to upper direction
(Incoming Side), that causes the happening of the Heat excess and Electromagnetic force.
We have to take measures of next item to protect equipment.
(1) Breaker (MCCB, ACB, VCB,GCB) should perform to cut part of Accident point surely & quickly.
(2) Up to cutting the circuit by short-circuit, the Equipment in circuit such as VCB, CT, Cable should
withstand the Short circuit current.
When the Short Circuit happens, we should know :
* What kind of current is it?
* How much capacity is it?
It is necessary to inform that we should know to select the Right Electrical Facility Equipment.
1cycle
In case of MCCB
2.5 cycle 2 cycle

In case of ACB
1 2 3 4 5 6
nt
Short curren
Time
Form of Short Current Wave
Revised date:03/01/2014 F13
SAMPLE OF SHORT-CIRCUIT ACCIDENT

VCB-1
630A
16kA
Short
circuit
Tr-750kVA Pass way
Cable
1
Short-circuit
ACB-1
MCB MCB 3 MCB

nt
Short circuit curren
6%
1
SC
Short circuit
point Then Short-circuit current
Detail Picture of Short-circuit Current: continues flows to MCCB, that
make MCCB Trip.
1
Short-circuit current happens at

Connection point of Capacitor.
3
Then Short-circuit current flows to

Reactor, Magnet (make magnet contact
point black)
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VI. EXAMPLE OF CABLE CALCULATION BY SHORTED CONDITION
No 2 (LBS case)
6
1x10
Allowable short
8 circuit current
LBS
6 I=134 x A
630A: Rated Current (A) t
20KA: Rated short-time current (KA)
4
2
Fuse 40A
100
0
Short circuit current (A)

5 800 mm2
1x10 mm
2
8 600
mm
6 500 2
400mm2
Confirmation cable size
4 325 mm
m 2
250 m2
mm
22kV XLPE Cable 200 2
2 mm
150 2
mm
100 2
mm
4 2
1x10
8
60m
6 m2
4
38m
m
22m 2
m2
TR-1000kVA 2
22kV / 0.4-0.23kV 8m 14m
m2 m2
2.6
mm
2
0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 2.0
Passing time(s)
Figure 3: Short-time withstand of cable
A. SELECTION OF H.V CABLE

Incase of LBS:
AA
I I==134
134 x
tt
I : Allowable short circuit current (A) = Rated short-time current (A)
A : Section area of cable (mm2)
t : Passing time of short circuit current (s)
For LBS 630A, rated short-time current is 20KA (1s)

Time short current = Limit current fuse cutting time = 0.01s (0.5 cycles)
A
20 x 1000 ≤ 134 x
0.01
20 x 1000 x 0.01
A≥ ≥ 14.9mm2
134
From the Standard Size of cable, 22mm2 is selected
We can use Figure 3 to select size of cable based on 2 lines of point 0.01s & 20kA
Those are intersected at point over 14mm2 line. So we select 22mm2.
ø But according to standard of Viet Nam Power company, the smallesr size of HV cable is 35mm2, then we
select 38mm2
Note: We should check the rated current of Cable
1000
Rated Current of transformer ≤ Rated current of cable = = 26.2A ≤ 150A (In Air)
3 x 22
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2. Short circuit current calculation by % impedance method when there is the motor circuit.
A. Calculate power supply side impedance.
P
%XP = × 100(%)
PR × 103
100
PR = 3 × V × IS = 3 × V ×I× (MVA)
%ZP
Ú Generally %RP is small enough to be ignored.

P : Standard capacity (KVA) = 1000 (KVA)
PR : Interrupting capacity (MVA)
V : Primary side voltage (KV)
IS : Short cicuit current (A) = CB interrupting capacity (A)
I : Rated current (A)
%XP : Percent reactance (%)
%ZP : Percent impedance (%)
PR = 3 × 24 × 103 × 20 × 103 = 831.36 × 106 (VA) = 831.36 (MVA)

1000
%XP = × 100 = 0.12028(%)
831.36 × 103
B. Calculate transformer impedance.
P
%RT = %R × (%)
PT
P
%XT = %X × (%)
PT

PT : Transformer rated capacity (KVA)
%R : Percent resistance (%)
%X : Percent reactance (%)
1000
%RT = 1.30842 × = 1.74432(%)
750
1000
%XT = 4.919 × = 6.55866(%)
750
C. Calculate line impedance.

C-1. Electric circuit impedance.
Bus-duct impedance
RB × L × P
%RB = (%)
10 × V 2
XB × L × P
%XB = (%)
10 × V2

V : Secondary circuit voltage (KV)
RB : Bus-duct resistance (mΩ/m)
XB : Bus-duct reactance (mΩ/m)
L : Bus-duct length (m)
0.0328 × 10 -3 × 20 × 1000
%RB = = 0.41(%)
10 × (0.4) 2
0.0158 × 10 - 3 × 20 × 1000
%XB = = 0.1975(%)
10 × (0.4) 2
sed date: 03/01/2014 F31
C-2. Electric circuit impedance.
Cable impedance
RL × L × P
%RL = (%)
10 × V 2
XL × L × P
%XL = (%)
10 × V 2
RL : Cable resistance (mΩ/m)
XL : Cable reactance (mΩ/m)
L : Cable length (m)
-3
0.118 × 10 × 20 × 1000
%R L1 = = 1 . 475 (%)
2
10 × (0.4)
-3
0.084 × 10 × 20 × 1000
%X L1 = = 1 . 05 (%)
2
10 × (0.4)
-3
0.072 × 10 × 30 × 1000
%R L2 = = 1 . 35 (%)
2
10 × (0.4)
-3
0.125 × 10 × 20 × 1000
%X L2 = = 2 . 34375 (%)
2
10 × (0.4)
D. Calculate motor impedance.
P
%XM = %X × (%)
P1
%XM : Percent reactance at 1000KVA (%)

%X : Percent reactance (%)
P1 : KVA equivalent of the motor (KVA)
P2 : Motor capacity (KW)
P1 = 1.5 x 30 = 45 (KVA)
1000
%XM = 25 × = 555.5(%)
45
E. Calculate joint impedance.

Power supply side impedance: %XP = 0.12028 (%)
Transformer impedance: %RT = 1.74432 (%) %ZA
%XT = 6.55866 (%)
Line impedance: %RL2 = 1.35 (%)
%XL2 = 2.34375 (%) %ZB
Motor impedance: %XM = 555.5 (%)
Calculate %ZA
%RA = %RT = 1.74432 (%)
%XA = %XP + %XT = 0.12028 + 6.55866 = 6.67894 (%)
Calculate %ZB
%RB = %RL2 = 1.35 (%)
%XB = %XL2 + %XM = 2.34375 + 555.5 = 557.84375 (%)
Calculate %ZC (joint impedance)
%Z A × %Z B (1.74432 + j6.67894 ) × (1.35 + j557 .84375 )

%ZC = = = 1.70345 + j6.605
%Z A + %Z B (1.74432 + 1.35 ) + j(6.67894 + 557 .84375 )
%RC = 1.70345 (%)

%XC = 6.605 (%)
sed date: 03/01/2014 F32
F. Calculate total percent impedance.
Joint impedance: %RC = 1.70345 (%)
%XC = 6.605 (%)
Line impedance: %RB = 0.41 (%)
%XB = 0.1975 (%)
%RL1 = 1.475 (%)
%XL1 = 1.05 (%)
Total percent impedance
%Z = (%R) 2 + (%X) 2 (%)
%R = %RC +%RB + %RL1 = 1.70345 + 0.41 + 1.475 = 3.58845 (%)

%X = %XC + %XB + %XL1 = 6.605 + 0.1975 + 1.05 = 7.8525 (%)
%Z = (3.58845) 2 + (7.8525) 2 = 8.63353 (%)
G. Calculate short circuit current.
100
IS = I × (A)
%Z
P
I= (A)
3 ×V
P 100
IS = × (A)
3 × V %Z
IS : Short cicuit current (A)

I : Rated current (A)
%Z : Total percent impedance (%)
1000 100 100000
IS = x = = 16.718(A)
3 x0.4 7.77435 8.63353
So we choose the ACB or GCB that rated Short-Time current is more than 16,718 (A)
sed date: 03/01/2014 F33
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Earthing Design and Component Selection

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------------Issued date: 30/09/2013------------

E. - SELECTION OF ANCHOR BOLT FOR TRANSFORMER

F. - GENERAL IDEAL OF PROTECTION COORDINATION

Kind of earthing Earthing resistance value

E1 Size of earthing conductor

LBS, VCB, GCB

E2 Size of earthing conductor

Transformer rated capacity x 1 = capacity of Tr one - phase Size of earthing

Breaking current Size of earthing conductor

•Calculation example of earthing conductor

ELA <10Ω E1 <4Ω

[Reference example of E2]

ATr Capacity of transformer is ATr > BTr

EARTHING MAIN CONDUCTOR

Earthing main conductor should be chosen by earthing conductor of ATr

Earthing terminal boad

[Reference example of boad (1)]

Earthing main Earthing main

Earthing branch wire

Earthing MCCB 600AT

Size of earthing conductor and installation of bolt size

A This connection conductor size depends on MCCB of board rated current

B The smallest size of copper bar is 12mm x t3mm

Earthing branch conductor

1 The indication of circuit No. Welding

HOW TO DECIDE THE BOLT SIZE & RETIGHTENING CONNECTION

PART A.B PART B

copper bar copper bar

Screw size of conducting wire (cable) joint part

Clamp type screw Pen head screw

TORQUE CONTROL LIST

SPECIFICATION TABLE OF THE SPRING WAHSER

7 57(%2;;<74= %:2 >5

Less than 300V 10 mm

INSTRUCTION AT THE TIME OF AN ALUMINUM CONDUCTOR CONNECTION

Insulation tube with different colored

Connection example of the aluminum conductor

Revised date: 8/16/2013 A14

We calculate the indoor general lighting as follows.

1. Utilization factor (U).

Light that reached on the working surface from a lamp directly

2. Room index (Kr).

Room index : big Room index : small

3. Maintenance factor (M).

Electrical method Voltage drop Section area of electric line

e: Voltage drop of each line (V)

3. Difference between basic calcualting formula and rough calculating formula

MDB Local Panel

0.6kV XLPE/PVC 150mm2 - 1Cx3 (Method B)

1. In case of basic calculating formula

3 × 300 × (0.11494 × 0.9 + 0.0773 × 0.4) ×120

Allowable coeffcient of voltage drop

Length of wire (cable) from Tr secondary

Calculation example: In the case of external lighting:

35.6 ×10(A) × 60(m)

So,we should choose cable of 2.5 (mm2)

Revised date: 23/1/2015 B8

MCCB which is installed at a low voltage main line

lenght of cable or wire is no limit

B1 : MCCB which protects a big main line

Revised date: 23/1/2015 B9

INSTALL OF MCB OF BRANCH CIRCUIT

7 57(%2;;<74= %:2 >5

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