Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Tony Gaudio,
Winner of
Academy’s
Photographic
Award
Publishedin Hollywood,
by
April, 1937 American Society
ol Cinematographers
Du Pont Film Manufacturing Corporation
35 WEST 45th STREET SMITH & ALLER, LTD.
NEW YORK CITY 6656 .. SANTA MONICA BLVD.
PLANT . . . PARLIN, N. J. HOLLYWOOD, CAL.
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 129
AMERICAN
CINEMATOGRAPHER
A Technical and Educational publication
of motion picture photography.
What to Read
HITTIN' the Trail
By George Blaisdell J3l
TECHNICAL EDITOR
MITCHELL Announces New Sound
Emery Huse, A. S. C.
Recorder I3g
ADVISORY
TONY GAUDIO Wins Camera Honors 139 EDITORIAL BOARD
Victor Milner, A. S. C.
James Van Trees, A. C.
A.S.C. MEMBERS on Parade 140
S.
Fred Jackman, A. S. C.
Farciot Edouart, A. S. C.
ART REEVES Introduces All-Purpose Fred Gage, A. S. C.
Developer i 42 Dr. J. S. Watson, A. S. C.
Dr. L. A. Jones, A. S. C.
Dr. C. E. K. Mees, A. S. C.
DOUGLAS SHEARER and M-G-M Dr. W. Rayton, A.
B. S. C.
Honored by Academy Board 145 Dr. Herbert Meyer, A. S. C.
Dr. V. B. Sease, A. S. C.
ADVERTISING
J. Townley Pierson
CIRCULATION MANAGER
L. Graham
FOREIGN REPRESENTATIVES
G»?orges Benoit, 100 Allee Franklin,
Pavillions-sous-Bois. Seine, France. Tele-
phone LeRaincy 13-19.
ESTABLISHED 1918. Advertising Rates on application Neither the American Cinematographer nor
Subscription; U.S. $2.50 a year; Canada. $3.50 a year;
the American Society of Cinematographers
Foreign. $3.50 a year. Single copies, 25c; back num-
bers, 30c. Foreign single copies. 35c; back numbers, is responsible for statements made by au-
40c. COPYRIGHT 1937 by American Society of thors. This magazine will not be responsible
Cinematographers, Inc. for unsolici'-ed manuscripts.
[
AN ANNOUNCEMENT ON EYEMO
Every Eyemo is now equipped with a vi-
K
2.
line
eeping pace with cinematographers’
changing requirements, the Bell & Howell
of Eyemo 3 5 mm. Cameras now incorpo-
5
brationless high speed governor in the mech-
anism compartment instead of in the camera
rates, as standard design, five important im- head. This provides great accuracy of speed,
provements: faster pickup, and extreme ruggedness in
3.
1 Every Eyemo Camera is now regularly operation. A new Eyemo catalog is being pre-
equipped with a hand crank. These cameras pared. Write today for your copy.
can, therefore, expose a full hundred feet of
4.
film without stopping to wind the spring motor.
Every Eyemo now includes sound speed
24 frames per second — in its range of operat-
ing speeds. This includes even the lowest
priced models.
Every Eyemo adapted for motor drive is
now so accurately machined that motors can
be purchased later and installed by the owner
—or motors may be interchanged with other
Eyemos.
All save the lowest priced Eyemo are now
normally equipped with the S.M.P.E. standard
sound aperture plate, and with a matching
drum-type variable viewfinder.
these are words which particularly apply the earth. Most of them were Cooke shots. For
to Cooke cine lenses. these truly modern lenses were not formulated
before the days of Super X, Bipack, and Tech-
Check back over the best shots of the year, the
nicolor. They were ground to meet modern
best pictures that have come out of Hollywood
fast pan and color requirements — and that’s
why they are turning in clear, crisp negatives
wherever they are used.
Taylor-Hobson Cooke F 2 Speed Panchros are
available in focal lengths of 24, 35, 40, 50,
75, 100, and 108 mm. The super-fast 58 mm.
F 1.3 Cooke Special Speed Panchro gives a
beautifully crisp image. And new Cooke 50 mm.
and 75 mm. F2.8 Panfos offer the Panchro
type of correction. For full information on
these lenses, write for a copy of the new T-H C
lens circular.
There were men and women who wrote the s^ows and the Stern Drama
men and women who made them. There were veterans T WAS quitesome time ago, as time around motion pic-
of twentv-five years, men like Zukor. for examnle, among
the producers, and men like Tonv Gaudio. A.S.C., among
tures is reckoned — must have been 1920 or parlie’-
I when Louis Reeves itHarrison, a writer on the old Moving
—
the cameramen men who despite being veterans still are Picture World, walked in on his associates raving about
doing the best work of their lives and of the industry. the performance of a young girl in a picture he had just
As for Tony, more power to his judgement on lights seen. The next time he came in —
he rarely wrote his stuff
and shadows, to the keenness of his eye for details of com-
position. and to his “infinite capacity for taking pains”
in the office— he brought in a review glowing with praise
for Francine Larrimore.
which latter, after all, is the best definition yet conceived In the intervening years this reporter often has seen
for genius.
this name, usually in association with plays and the stage,
Present and on the rostrum were luminaries in the but never until this month did it happen he had an op-
fields —
of music and mirth, we give you Stokowski and portunity to see the work of the woman over whom as a
Jessel; of science and business —
and we give you De For- girl Harrison had raved in an earlier day.
rest and Louis Mayer: and in the fields of the technical
Miss Larrimore portrays the title part in Paramount’s
— like Hal Rosson, A.S C., for instance, for his color
“John Meade’s Woman.” As in the opening scenes we
photography —
and professional divisions. followed the brilliant characterization of the farm girl’s
—
Before leaving this great occasion and less than great dull existence we thought of Harrison and his praise. As
proportionatelv in tho eves and minds of those satiated the story developed, as the blunt farm girl came to love
—
with spectacular comings and goings let’s drop an orchid Continued on Pajre 171
132 American Cinematographer ® April, 1937
Hal Mohr, whose “When Love Is director’s judgment and capacity for It was tense all through until the
Young,” his first directing effort, was selection and preparation and execu- splendid climax.
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 133
“My wife was, my children are, them he said something about the you began twenty-three years ago.”
descended from two men who were longer the better. I recrossed the ave- —
“M m,” replied the director. “Now
hanged and from the brother of nue to the World office and sat me you are asking me something. Let
1 Rebecca Nurse and Mary Estey, hence down to the old mill. I was so full of me see, there are Bob Leonard, Jack
my deep interest.” the pictures, particularly of the young —
Conway, Sid Franklin surely not
It will gratify the friends of Mr. lawyer and his plea in defense of more than half a dozen. It was soon
I Lloyd to know the last of his pic- Madame X, my memos became letters after that Frank Borzage shifted from
' tures has received unusual praise from of upward of a thousand words in acting to directing. Bob Leonard and
; the press in England, where it opened each instance as I now recall. I then were the youngsters. Now we
in London February 17. The major “I sent the result to Block. Long are the veterans.”
press in New York and the East gen- after I learned the two letters im- “Just one more question,” persisted
erally had been of the same opinion. mediately were put on the wire for the reporter. “In these twenty-three
To the middle of March it had av- Hollywood, where the smart S. G. got years what has been your average of
eraged 130 to 135 percent over the a fresh viewpoint on two pictures production —
I mean how many a
country. that he believed good and wanted to year?”
Still Likes“Mme. X” know what someone else thought. If A broad grin came over the face of
The director was asked to name he happened to be hoping for a rave the director. “Well, you know the first
some of his more popular pictures, as —
he got it twice.” year I made —
fifty-two all single-
he might recall them. Speaking off The director smiled. “Yes,” he reelers,” he explained. “After that
hand, he mentioned “Sea Hawk,” agreed, “that is interesting. Incident- there may have been around four or
photographed by Norbert Brodine; ally also it may be of interest now five a year until about 1920. Then
1
“Divine Lady,” John Seitz; “Son of to know the picture was made in they began to slow down to one and
the Gods,” one of the first to be made twenty-two days.” a half or two a year.
with sound, Ernie Haller; “Cavalcade,” “Pictures become more and more ex-
Young Frank and Bob acting all the time, not in one de-
Ernie Palmer; “Berkeley Square,”
John Seitz; “Mutiny on the Bounty,” The sequel the Year Book.
is in partment of picturemaking but in all.
.\rthur Edeson; “Under Two Flags,” “Madame X” was released by Gold- “Don’t forget tbe evolution of the
Ernie Palmer; “Maid of Salem,” Leo wyn October 3, 1920, and “The motion picture, its steady progres-
Tover. Penalty” November 21 following. sion, can better be traced through and
Then the reporter asked the director “Tell me, if you will,” asked the between the cameraman and the
i —
a personal question which among all reporter, “who now is directing who
was doing that same little thing when
director than through any other two
departments making motion pictures.”
( of the subjects he had directed were
I the nearest to his owm heart, his par-
I ticular pets, as it might be, regard-
I less of what others might have
1 thought or do think.
The director was silent a moment.
“Well. I he said, with de-
believe,”
liberation, “of those of recent date,
and speaking of those made with
sound, I like ‘Cavalcade.’ Of the silent
pictures I am rather fond of ‘Madame
Frank
X,’ I think I may say I am really fond
Lloyd,
of it —which by the way was photo-
! graphed by ‘Dev’ Jennings.” for
“Now that you speak of ‘Madame
'
X’,” remarked this reporter, “that was Over
made by Sam Goldwyn?”
“It was.” Twenty
“You have recalled to me something
i that may interest you. Ralph Block, Years
I
present scenario writer, was Gold-
( wyn’s advertising man w’hen you Director
I made that picture. I was editor of
t the Moving Picture World. One day of
I Block dropped in on me and asked me
if I would take a look at a couple of Bigger
! pictures —right then. I told him yes.
Private Reviews
and
“We crossed Fifth Avenue
the to Better
Goldwyn offices and in the presence
only of the operator I looked on Ones
‘Madame X’ with Pauline Frederick
and a young man whose name it is a
'
.shame to let slip after the perform-
—
ance he put on could it have been
I Forrest Stanley? —
and then I looked
at ‘The Penalty,’ with Lon Chaney.
“When the two were finished Ralph
asked me if I would write him a memo
on my reactions to the pictures. To
my inquiry as to how brief he wanted
.
DODD DESCRIBES
B-M'S NEW TYPE
24-INCH SUNSPOT
By L. E. Dodd, Ph. D.
Professor in Charge of Geometrical Optics, Department of Physics,
the studios generally, the best all- under the writer’s general supervision
purpose lamps yet developed. For at gradually converged toward an im- Fig. 3 — New B-M “Triple-5” 24-inch Sunspot
(photograph)
least ten years, nevertheless, there provement in design. After many
has been no substantial improvement months of activity in the firm’s labora-
in them. tory, participated in by its technicians In pairs of curves, A and B, of :
Only at spot is the performance of and Mr. Bardwell, the latter was Figure 1, the ironing out of the [
the 24s really satisfactory both as to struck with the idea of combining the notorious black spot in the center of ii
intensity and uniformity of distribu- optical parts contained in the inven- the field is seen to be accomplished
tion of a new design, the “Triple-5”
j
tion. But the spot position is used far by the new T-5. It is important, from
less often than the flood and partial 24-inch Sunspot. the practical standpoint of perform-
flood ranges. Over that range, rather In the latter part of 1936 demon- ance, to note that the intensity of
indiscriminately, they have suffered stration units were in the field. A the center of the field has been raised
from the limitations mentioned. They patent is now pending. The amount to meet the intensity of the outside
have failed to give a really satisfac- of improvement has exceeded that ex- edge.
tory degree of uniformity in the dis- pected at the start of the special There is a pronounced smoothness
tribution of the light. studies. of the curves by the new design, es-
More specifically, they have not While the distribution has been pecially when backed by the metal-
yielded enough light in the center of markedly improved, a point discussed lic mirror (Curve A). The compara-
the field, relative to that out 10, 20, in more detail later, there has been tive performance at quarter-flood and ^
or more degrees from the center. This ?n increase of approximately 75 per up to spot is essentially similar, ex-
will be evident from the comparative cent in total light projected. This cept that in the older lamp with the
material given in this article. holds over a wide range of focus, from metallic mirror the black spot in the j
stated his belief, based on long ex- nation of the field, over the older 5KW formance of the old 24-inch lamp with
perience with studio lighting, that it 24-inch lamp, is evident in detail in the new T-5 is vividly shown by a ,
Lamp Setup Parabolic Approximate Relative Improvement in Illumination on A photograph of the new T-5 as- ,
Fig. A — Left, graphical presentation of performance of the “Triple-5” equipped with metallic mirror as compared with the older 24-
1,
inch 5K\V with same mirror.
Fig. 1, B — Graphical presentation of performance of the “Triple-5” equipped with glass mirror, as compared with the older 24-inch 5KW with
same mirror.
spect to the parabolic mirror is a dif- studio technicians will tell you, the the United States, bringing together
ferential one of suitable ratio. Both metal parabolic mirror does not school and advertising fraternities
the lens and the parabolic mirror come “carry” so far as the glass parabolic. and speakers and film exhibitors of
to flood at the same time. In the new T-5 setup the carrying dis- national reputation. There will be
tances are equal. no admission or membership fees.
Globe Shadow Out
Technicians agree that the efficiency
The globe shadow, which in the of the T-5 surpasses that of any other T
older 24s contributed to the central type of studio lamp using the 5KW
(lark spot,is eliminated through use globe. This new lamp not only assists NATIONAL CINE EXPANDS
of the booster mirror and the lens. the cameraman in keeping a perfect For the second time in two years
Such an arrangement of course does balance of light throughout the set, National Cine Laboratories, 20-22
away with the spill ring. The lens but it also allows greater economy of West Twenty-Second street. New
automatically takes care of the spill operation by giving more light output York, has been forced to increase its
light, throwing it into the center of for the same wattage. personnel, install additional machinery
the field where it is photographically T and equipment and double the space
useful. of its laboratory in order to accom-
This a unique feature of the T-5.
is
VISUAL EDUCATIONISTS MEET modate the business on hand.
The differential motion, together with The seventh session of the Nation- Besides manufacturing 35mm and
the particular arrangement of mir- al Conference on Visual Education 16mm silent and sound cameras to
rors and the new design B-M lens, and Film Exhibition (DeVry Founda- order. National specializes in repair
gives control of distribution so as to tion) will be held at the Francis W. and maintenance work of all types.
make for uniformity that is practical- Parker School, 330 Webster avenue, Now a new department has been
lyindependent of the degree of spread Chicago, June 21, 22, 23 and 24. It organized to purchase, rent and sell
over the useful working range. will be one of the most representative new and used professional cameras
In the old 24-inch setup, as the gatherings of visual educationists in and accessories.
Fig. 2, —
A Left, photograph of field of older 24-inch 5KW —
equipped with parabolic glass mirror. Fig. 2, B Center, photograph of field of
“Triple-5” equipped with glass parabolic mirror. Fig. 2, C— Right, photograph of field of “Triple-5” equipped with metallic mirror.
— —
JACKMAN RETURNS TO
BUSINESS
he FRED JACKMAN Process Special Camera Effects Harry Lauder in his song, he could
A.S.C. MEMBERS
ON PARADE
into a cast. He will be incapacitated year, again is settled in his home in
for several months. Beverly Hills. That journeying in-
volved seven trips across the country,
• Glenn MacWilliams, A.S.C., has five by air and two by automobile,
slipped back to England after a fast
• John Stumar, A.S.C., has been busy and four trips across the ocean. Also ^
three weeks of twenty hours a day
at the Tudor Studios in England. He there were excursions to Canada.
|
more or less. Following four years
has just finished his third in a row, During the year Van made two
“Intimate Relations,” with June Clyde
away from home there were many pictures in England, working at the :
A.S.C. man was pitchforked into “tight little island.” The two had much to photograph a picture. It happened
“Stardust.” a musical directed by in common in the way of topics. when the director returned the cam-
Melville Brown, with Ben Lyon, Lupe
The visitor gave the impression of eraman was held in the English capita]
Velez and Wallace Ford, supported being entirely happy in his new home. to make a second subject. Jimmie I
by an English cast. After one more To this scribe he seemed to have car- now has signed a contract with Selz-
ried further the philosophy implied nick International Studios.
John will be on his way to California,
in the maxim of “When in Rome do
which he hopes to hit by May at the
as the Romans do.” He gave the • Hal Mohr, A.S.C., in his first di-
latest.
“When Love is Young,”
recting job,
—
Everything is fine that is, every- feeling that in his belief it was the
duty of a transplanted national to was thrown a bouquet by both of the *
thing except the weather, and of that local film following the pre-
dailies
the man away from home expects to
seek to understand the viewpoint and
the traditions of the men and women view March 12 at Pantages. Variety
restore his normal average when he opened with the remark that “This
with whom he was called upon to
gets back. “My very best to the boys,” will meet general audience approval
is a recent word.
work.
Unwittingly he gave a concrete ex- as a program topper, with credit for
March emplification of that philosophy when its high average entertainment qual-
• Karl Freund, A.S.C., early in
began supervision on the camera work in the chat there crept to the surface ity going to Hal Mohr for his first
on Garbo’s “Madame Walewska,” co- his own reactions during the recent directorial job and to a dozen players
starring Charles Boyer, at M.G.M. national emergency that centered for good performances.
around the change in the throne. He “Playing and direction give impres-
• Gilbert Warrenton, A.S.C., sailed
had shared the distress of the Brit- siveness to a rather mild and time-
from San Francisco for Samoa March ishers. worn tale. . . . Hal Mohr’s first essay
4 in charge of the camera crew shoot- in direction and rating as associate
There can be no question Hollywood
ing backgrounds for Monogram’s sustains a substantial loss in the vol- pi'oducer is notably fine in getting
“Paradise Island.” Dorothy Reid is in untary expatriation of this fast think- fullest value from the material, scor-
charge of the expedition. ing and fast talking cinematographer ing especially in the ingratiating com-
• Theodore Sparkuhl, A.S.C., under — and of course that London accord- edy and deft blending of the musical
and dramatic elements.”
contract to Paramount, during the ingly stands to win. You may set it ^
down that certainly he made a hit The Reporter captions its review
past month received his final natural-
with one first acquaintance. “Hal Mohr scores with swell cast.”
ization papers. The decree, which also
“Sweet entertainment from start to
was conferred on Mrs. Sparkuhl, • Ben Reynolds, A.S.C., who a year a hilarious finish,” the text opens,
brings under the American banner ago was so ill he was given sixty days “
‘When Love Is Young’ is one of
the couple’s five children. Sparkuhl to stay with us, is on his toes again. those little pictures that makes big
is of German descent. Witnesses were His long treatment at Dr. Sampson’s noises at the box office. But the . . .
Fred Leahy, Simeon Aller, Holly in Santa Barbara and the subsequent big news concerning this picture is
Moyes and Jeannette Saxer. rest and recuperation at his Malibu that it marks a really auspicious di-
home have done the trick. One hun- rectorial debut. Hal Mohr, long
• Gordon Jennings, A.S.C., head of
dred pounds have slipped away from known as one of the industry’s ace
Paramount’s special effects depart-
him, leaving him as he was in the cameramen, here tries his hand at di-
ment, was seriously hurt March 4
days when he was under personal rection and turns out a superb job.
while working with a camera crew at
contract to Norma Shearer and in There are no tricks that he misses in
Lake Arrowhead. He slipped on a hill
and was thrown down the icy side
—
other responsible spots alert and go- development of characterization, and
getting. touch after touch show master light ‘
into a tree, injuring a vertabra. He
was rushed to Hollywood, where in • Willard Van der Veer, A.S.C., af- craftsmanship. Make way for an im-
the Hollywood Hospital he was put ter traveling 50,000 miles in the past portant new director.”
UNMATCHED
SUPER X, originally a strictly special-
EASTMAN SUPER X
PANCIIR03I ATIC NEGATIVE
142 American Cinematographer • April, 1937
ART REEVES
INTRODUCES
ALL-PURPOSE
DEVELOPER
here has for some time existed a definite need for
three.
This situation is not particularly objectionable in Holly-
wood, where a major studio or commercial laboratory can
expect a large volume of business. In such a plant it is
economically as well as technically feasible to devote one
or more machines exclusively to each class of service. Film-drying cabinet, showing thermostat and polishing drums.
Away from Hollywood, this condition is reversed. The
average laboratory cannot count on daily handling the constructing the new
The choice of materials used in
output of from half-a-dozen to a score of production units. The tanks
machine follows the best modern practices.
It is not, therefore, feasible to equip a plant with a large
are of wooden construction. The framework is largely
and expensive developing machine solely to process nega- All metalwork in contact with either film
duralumin.
tive,and then virtually to duplicate the installation for
or solutions is stainless steel, and generous use is made
developing positive.
of Bakelite, Celoron and similar non-corrosive plastics
To meet these needs. Art Reeves, well known as a de-
Solutions are pumped
wherever these are applicable.
signer and builder of efficient laboratory, sound and
through special rubber tubing.
camera equipment, has introduced a new, wide-range de-
veloping machine.
A special variable speed drive permits variation of the
developing time from 1% minutes to 18 minutes. One
Develops Negative and Positive hundred and twenty feet of film is in the tanks, and the
film is under only a very low tension. A special pneu-
This new machine has been engineered to conform to matic squeegee virtually eliminates “carry-over” of solu-
the highest modern standards. It will develop either nega- tion from one tank to the next. The circulating system is
tive film or positive film interchangeably. Though it is a designed to produce a turbulation-effect sufficient to avoid
single-strand machine it requires no rethreading and no directional markings. Solution temperatures, and the tem-
draining or refilling of tanks for this change. Similarly, perature of the drying box, are automatically controlled.
it will handle either 35mm. or 16mm. film.
Occupies Two Rooms
The machine is very compact. In a normal installation
it occupies two small rooms. The feed end, including the
tanks for developing, fixing and washing, are placed in a
dark room. From this room the film extends through a
tube passed through the wall, into the dry-box and take-up,
which may be in a lighted room. The driving motor, air-
compressors, etc., are in this unit.
The tankage comprises six sections: positive developing
tank, negative developing tank, rinse tank, hypo tank,
wash tank, and two smaller storage tanks respectively for
positive and negative developer.
Over the outer end of these tanks is a light-tight film
feed magazine, in which the undeveloped film is carried
on a standard 2000-foot reel. The two storage tanks are
placed at the end of the tanks, under this feed box.
Next come the two developing tanks. That for positive
development is nearer the feed box than that for negative.
These two sections of the machine are always kept thread-
ed. The leader in whichever tank is not being used is
Solution tanks. Note how film in negative developing tank remains
threaded while developing positive in nearer tank. simply broken from the strand and allowed to hang loo.sely,
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 143
with the ends clipped to the upper tie-rods. For instance, series-connected with a Mercoid thermostat switch. These
when the positive tank is being used, the leader in the thermostats will automatically maintain the solution
negative developing section remains threaded, but is broken within 3 degrees of any predetermined temperature. Sep-
from the strand and allowed to hang loose in the tank so arate indicating thermometers indicate the temperature
that the film will not be moved by the bottom drive-roller. of the solutions in the developing tanks.
The two ends are clipped to the upper tie-rods with ordi-
nary wooden spring clothespins. When the machine is to Pneumatic Squeegee
be used for negative the positive tank is similarly discon-
nected, while the negative-tank leader is joined to the The film-moving mechanism is built in a rigid duralumin-
strand with Mercer film clips. frame which may be hoisted clear of the tanks in the con-
ventional manner. That part of the framework immersed
Separate Circulating Systems in the solution is constructed entirely of stainless steel and
non-corrosive plastics. The rollers over which the film
The systems used for circulating developer are in dupli- moves are of Bakelite. The upper ones revolve freely.
cate. The negative-developer circulating system is wholly The lower ones only are powered.
independent of the unit that circulates posifve-developer. A main driving shaft extends lengthways of the tank
Each has its separate storage tank, from which the solu- unit. From this, gear-driven vertical shafts of stainless
tion is pumped to the developing tank by a specially built steel extend downward to the bottom of each film-moving
centrifugal pump, which is constructed entirely of Bake- loop and thence, through Bakelite bevel gears, drive a
lite and Celoron. The external plumbing is of hard-rubber
stainless steel shaft upon which fit the driving rollers.
tubing and special rubber hose. The solution enters at the
The film is under tension only when the take-up brings
bottom of the tank and is directed against one of the sides Otherwise, it may move
it into contact with these rollers.
from which it recoils with a swirling motion. As the tank
freely, under the extremely slight pull of the take-up.
is narrow, with the intake at the bottom and overflow at
As the film leaves each tank it passes between Bakelite
the top, this swirling movement of the solution continues,
nozzles through which a downward-slanting current of
and gives excellent turbulation. The two pumps are powered
air is directed against the faces of the film. This provides
by separate motors, so that only the solution actually in
use need be circulated. a squeegeeing action which minimizes and virtually elimi-
The developer temperature-control systems are likewise nates carry-over of solution from one tank to another.
independent. A stainless steel encased electric heating The designers state that there is therefore no dilution, and
element is placed in the bottom of each storage tank. Continual on Page 147
1600 Broaduiay
€Qui 4>m-enT,
York rieui
mo
Ci + tj
It is true there are other rooms,
a dozen of them. The center of in-
terest, the room that aroused the en-
thusiasm especially of the women
9-^146-7 ADDRESS: CINEQUIP '
Home’s Conveniences
Jackman Returns to
Business
Continued from Patre 137
Soiarspots
conditioning and pumping through-
out all the rooms of the building.
There are four intakes. The air is
filteredthrough spun glass, seeming-
ly two or three inches thick.
Downstairs there is a projection
room with a throw of sixty feet nor-
mally, but which may be extended if
MOLE-mCHAUDSON, Inc.
necessary to eighty feet. Eighteen 941 Yo. Sycamore Avenue
motors have been installed to control
the basic operation of the various Hollywood, Calif.
machines throughout the building as —
for example the sprinklers, air con-
ditioners, w'ater filters and softeners,
etc. The air is taken from the roof,
and after passing through a series of
filters is recirculated in a volume of
Fully Guaranteed Used 35mm Equipment
25 percent fresh air all the time.
Mitchell, Bell & Howell, Akeley, Holmes Projectors, Sound and Si-
DeBrie, Universal, Pothe Cameras. lent.
On the second floor on the Magnolia
Portable Sound Recording Outfits. DeVry Suit Cose Model Projectors.
Boulevard side are the business offices,
the air, water, temperature and other
Eymo and De Vry Spring Driven We buy, sell and rent
Cameras. anything Photographic.
factors connected with which are on
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laboratory. Adjoining are the cut-
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ting rooms and the loading room, as
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Cable Address: CAMERAS
In the developing room all of the
equipment is operated by individual
Continued on Pa^e 147
—
—
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——
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D scientist
ng the
and inventor, in bestow-
Academy awards for
scientific or technical achivement, an-
judges stated that “in inaugurating
its study resulting in the development
of the two-way horn system, invloving
granted two awards in Class II
(Academy plaque), one to E. C.
Wente and the Bell Telephone Labora-
nounced that the board of judges had improvements in old elements and tories for their multi-cellular high
this year, for the first time since 1930, their synthesis with new devices, the frequency horn and receiver, and the
granted an award in Class I, which is Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studio had in other to the RCA Manufacturing Com-
an Academy statuette and plaque, to the opinion of the board of judges con- pany for its rotary stabilizer sound
Douglas Shearer, A.S.C. and the Met- tributed a large factor to the ad- head. It also granted four awards in
ro-Goldwyn-Mayer sound department. vancement of sound as heard in the Class II (honorable mention in the
Although a number of certificates theatre. report of the board of judges) as fol-
and honorable mention awards have lows:
• Experienced staff
• Newest equipment
liitei’iiatioiml
Cinema. Iiie.
FILM LAIIOKATOICY
6823 Santa Monica Boulevard
Hollywood, California
Telephone Hollywood 3961
OPTICAL PRINTERS
and special machinery
DOUGLAS SHEARER, A.S.C., director of recording- at the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, who 6154 Santa Monica Blvd.
developed the new double track sound recording and reproduction that has revolutionized presen- Hollywood, Calif.
tation of talking pictures and music in theatres, at work in his laboratory.
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 147
teen employees who start with him in which offers a frequency response characteristic to meet the most
his new enterprise go the hearty good discriminating requirements.
wishes of the A.S.C. personnel.
Compact design of the Model "E” Unit permits easy and convenient
installation on any 35 mm. sound camera or recorder. Write for complete
Art Reeves Introduces
specifications and frequency response curve.
New Developer
Continued from Page 143 BERNDT-MAURER Model "E" High Fidelity
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3
|
Tony Gaudio Wins were single reelers — and even less. But 1 have been instrumental
“I believe
that bit of statistics means that helping a number of cameramen,
Camera Honors have faced many times more than 900
I in
to aid them in reaching tops by eluci-
Continued from Pase 13il —
problems and for every problem dating what I was aiming to do and
in the first picture,was given the lead surmounted there’s another niche telling why I was doing it rather than
in the sound version. filled in the back of the head against keeping my associates in ignorance of
Tony Gaudio is a strong believer in the recurrence of the same incident. my movements.
the value of the Academy’s photo- There’s no royal road to learning in
photography any more than there is Vindication
graphic trophy. He believes it is an
incentive to cameramen to do their in anything else —
and the new blood “Tony, you said there were two
best, to give their best. has got to travel the lough road .just
things on your chest,” suggested the
the same as its predecessors, the old
reporter. “There’s one left.”
Shot 900 Pictures blood, did.”
“There is,” was the response. “I
The cameraman paused a moment
“Probably small and large I have want to say to you and to the trade 1
and looked down the hillside from his
photographed 900 pictures. You may am convinced there never has been
home and across the widespreading one of my brother cameramen who
says that’s a lot of pictures whether I
San Fernando valley to the mountains
shot them or not. But they were not was so happy over winning this award
be.vond. His face still serious he turned
all ‘Hell’s Angels.’ Many of them as I have been. For me it has been
to his visitor.
a deep as it will be an abiding satis-
“Pve got a couple of matters on my
faction. Its coming to me has meant
chest,” he went on. “One of these the refutation of an untruth the cir-
concerns this same new blood. The culation of which proved serious to
photographer who really loves his
me beyond words, the vindication at
profession will do his utmost, as T
the same time of what to a photog-
SALES ;
see it, to convey the rudiments and
the fundamentals of it to his younger
associates. He will continue to teach
rapher must be his chief business
—
asset the soundness and the keen-
i SERVICE
ness of the eyes with which he works.
them until he has given them what
“Six years ago for nine months I
he has.
did not work a day, not in any capac-
RENTALS ity.
put
Then Warner Brothers in 1931
me on ‘Tiger Shark.’ The rest is
history. I haven’t lost a day in six
••CAMERAS- years.
BLIMPS “I feel this award has capped be-
DOLLIES
ACCESSORIES
MOVIOLAS
Astr yond any chance of
pleteness of my rehabilitation.
cavil the com-
And
my gratitude, deeper than words can
express, goes to the men and women
and
SOUND EQUIPMENT LENSES of this great industry.”
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OW good will this summer’s movies be? It all depends on
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If you like the convenience and the economy of an eight,
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READY-
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W INTER
stand, and spring
is making its last
is on the way!
Made by
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BINGHAMTON
AMATEUR
MOVIE
CONTEST
FOR 1937...
T he AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER
Amateur Competition
the world who use either 8mm
is open to amateurs
or 16mm film.
all
1937
over
AMATEUR
MOVIE
SECTION
OF AMATEUR
SERGEANT TEOREy Outstanding
CINEMATOGRAPHERS Disciple of 8mm Movie Making
By William Stull 162
BOARD OF REVIEW
John Arnold, President, A.S.C., Executive Direc
Photography, M.G.M. Studios
AMATEUR Movie Club News 164
tor of
W HEN
ness
Harry
man who had
C. Pearson, busi-
retired early
order to see a lot of
in life in
the world, and Mrs. Pearson left the
United States in 1935 for Africa they
were entering upon what to them was
little more than just another one of
those trips.
To be sure it would be looked upon
AMATEUR
from (luite another viewpoint by the
everyday home-staying man in the
street— this journey with an itinerary
of eleven thousand miles into the
CAMERAMEN
heart of Africa, into the country of
big game and big men and inciden-
tally
men.
also into the
diminutive lads of the Catskills who tively photographed, these myriads of We see hippos, and so far as known
—
swam into the ken and out of Rip — pests clustering so closely almost
it is for the first time on the screen under
van Winkle. But the pygmies are a blanket in appearance. such circumstances, the hippos regale
great hunters just as most emphat- The snake dance which the pho- themselves with a sun bath, returning
ically they are not farmers. With the tographers hoped to see had been wit- to the water at their convenience.
bigger boys and girls they will trade nessed by but a few white men and From below the Murcheson Falls
the result of the hunt for the product never by any white w'oman. Never there are many unusual shots of
of the soil. had it been photographed by a mo- Father Nile tumbling down a gorge
It was the pygmies who brought tion picture camera, the Pearsons had that narrows in the rock to a width
the Pearsons to the haunt of the been assured. Mariari, the snake doc- —
of about eight feet turns on its side
okapi —
that sleek-hided cross seem- tor, the head of the cult of dancers, as the commentator sets forth to —
ingly between a zebra and a giraffe is the absolute dictator of his subjects. get through. It is a sec|uence that
— the animal which so far as known At the opening of the dance snakes will cling to the memory.
never had been seen by a white man are brought from boxes and thrown
before 1901. Natives had told of it
Thrills for Amateurs
into the center of a cleared space.
to travelers, but until it was seen by There are and many kinds,
all sizes The closing shots are
of the Latu-
a white man they were not believed. or several anyway. There are cobras, kas, a tribe of men averaging seven
In the year mentioned Sir Harry puff adders, black mambas, pythons feet in height. These raisers of goats
Johnston, British naturalist and ex- and boomslungs. In one distinct in- stage a dance of the rain for their
plorer, came out of the jungle and stance, and immediately following a visitors. It starts as the sun falls
reported he had seen such a creature. warning by the commentator, we see below the horizon, as shadows in the
It was only through making friends one of the raised and hooded cobras accompanying photograph attest. The
with the pygmies the Pearsons were strike a native in the calf of the leg. spears carried by these giants are 20
able to locate one. Their hunt was The blow is unheeded. feet in length, but the easy manner
rewarded, however, for they secured in which they are handled gives no
close-up shots of considerable length. Cult Members Immune cue to their weight or length. Cer-
It is believed to be the first photo- tainly it’s a magnificent race. This
The natives are described as being
graph ever made in his habitat, of immune to the poison, between the fact added to another that through life
this rare animal, not one of which the members of the tribe adhere to
medicine administered by Mariari and
ever has reached the United States the hypnotic state attained during the their birthday garb may afford some
alive. Its hide has a purple sheen. progress of the dance. Those who support to the nudists in their claim
Driving Finish are not uncomfortably snake conscious that clothes never were any good
will get an abundance of thrills in anyhow.
The last dozen minutes of the sixty this sequence. There will be others As we said in the beginning the
this picture holds the screen are espe- who will close their eyes. amateur cinematographers are going
cially fast and packed with excitement In a visit to the Buganda tribe we to many a thrill in viewing this
get
and motion. see women carrying burdens of 80
picture.They will share two thrills
On the waysnake country
to the pounds of wood on their backs besides
the Pearsons photographed an attack a husky baby, doing it in a matter-of-
— one with their fellow-amateurs and
by locusts on the papyrus reeds an — fact manner and without appearance another with the multitude who as
attack which in one night totally de- of thinking a hardship. We see
it
yet know nothing of the joys and —
nuded the reeds of all vegetation. It many dozen-foot crocodiles sporting pains — of the camera addict.
is a weird scene and finely and effec- along the banks of the Nile. G. B.
The Poet-Photographer and the clarity and smoothness of his at concentration on his photography.
panoramic shots prove his title to kin- But we may forget that.
his evening of March 24 at
T the Bell and Howell auditorium in
ship with men who have been touched
by nature with the photographic
What he has accomplished undoubt-
edly has exceeded what he aimed to
Hollywood this writer sat in on a
16mm exhibition by Charles A. Nel- spirit. —
do mainly so to arouse the interest
son of three examples of his work in Mr. Nelson opened with a dance of of young folks that they will seek the
Kodachrome. Mr. Nelson is Director of marionettes a —
worthwhile subject joy of the hills while yet they are
Visual Recreation, with offices in San and one plainly presenting many diffi- young and able to “stand the gaff”
Francisco. Although he has been a culties in photographing. His second of the climbing and the rigorous ef-
follower actively of motion pictures was “The Aztec Metropolis.” Really fort that goes with “packing in”
but four years already he has written it was a tour from San Francisco by when among the clouds. He will bring
a book entitled “Natural Color Film the sea to Mexico, with many stops to older persons thousands of miles
What It Is and How to Use It.” It is along the way, on the ocean front and from the scene of his work the glories
slated to be published in April. in the interior. It showed people and of the hills and the beauties of the
After looking at his color stuff on structures and places of interest. changing moods of nature.
the screen we will take the liberty of Among the more spectacular shots In this three weeks’ hike Mr. Nel-
and we do not believe the slightest were those on the water at the begin- son carried a small Bell and Howell
chance in recommending it as author- ning or the end of day. and an Eastman Special. We may be-
itative. His titles show he has the The third was the tops of the show, lieve him when he says looking after
soul of the poet; his genius for com- “The Song of the Trail,” the record the welfare of a dozen boys and trav-
position and his eye for color and of a jaunt of three weeks in the High eling ten miles a day cramped his
striking effects that he is an artist; Sierras in which the photographer photographic style. Nevertheless
and his pacing, or tempo, if you will, fathered a dozen boys on a trip to what he accomplished will put under
in his effective bringing out of the the roof of the world. Mr. Nelson ad- the spell of enchantment every city
best in the great bellying waterfalls, mits he was carrying responsibilities dweller or lowlander privileged to see
and the definition of his photography that in a measure diverted his efforts “The Song of the Trail.”
ft
widely used 10 mm. camera, has just is the goal of all 8 mm. enthusiasts.
been reduced to a figure that makes Now you can buy this splendid cam-
era at a saving of $'-20 under its former
it a rare bargain, indeed. Finished in
genuine leather and shining chro- price. It's a carefully fabricated little
mium, the “K” is as smart in appear- movie maker finished outside in real
ance as it is in performance. It comes leather and glistening chromium. Its
equipped with the Kodak Anastigmat f.1.9 lens, which interior is as beautifully engine-turned as a fine watch.
is interchangeable with seven accessory lenses ranging Its fast /.l.O lens is interchangeable with a 13^-inch
from a 15 mm. wide angle to a 0-inch telej)hoto. It telephoto (extra) which magnifies three times. The
loads with 50- or 100-foot rolls of the five 10 mm. Cine- Model 00 has an automatic footage indicator, built-in
Kodak Films. Among its features are two sj)eeds, auto- exposure guide, snap-back carrying handle incorporat-
matic footage indicator, waist-height reflecting finder ing its full-vision finder system. Ask your Cine- Kodak
and full-vision eve-level finder. Here, certainly, is the dealer to show you the de luxe “00." Now, more than
buy of the year for particular movie makers. ever before, it’s worth the difference.
^with Kodak Anaslipmat /.1. 9 lens. $100, even, with the ^with Kodak Anastigmat /.1. 9 lens. $82.50 with matched
matched carrying case for camera, film, extra lens, and filters. carrying case for camera, accessory lens, film, ami filters.
R to the
tne
South Seas. Just to make
vagabondage
100 percent
complete he will tote a battery of
16mm cameras, backed up by all the
doodads and gadgets that go along to
aid in confusing the less expert pho-
tographer.
RIAN JAMES
For this prospective traveler is no
new-comer in the realm of cameras
and lenses. Literally he has in the
not remote past shot thousands and
thousands of feet of that same 16mm
TO SOUTH SEAS
stuff —
shot it until it became a grim
question whether he would quit cut-
ting film through the night or get
back to his neglected typewriter and
A-GYPSYING GOES
its awaiting wampum.
The motion picture equipment the plays and pictures, and who, above all
With Mrs. James, this restless son
skipper will carry includes a Bell and these, is himself a writer of drama,
of Texas, who admits he was born in
Howell 16mm camera with color at- surely as a director it will be con-
the Lone Star State that he might be
tachment, an Eastman 16mm camera, ceded he rates at least near profes-
near his mother in his less robustious
a Kodascope projector and a complete sional.
years, plans to leave Los Angeles in
cutting outfit. All shooting will be On the photographic side the reader
May. With a professional crew of
from straight negative. Stills will may form his own conclusions. Per-
two and an amateur guest crew of five
be taken care of with a Leica, a Gra- haps the same reader may have suf-
the party of nine will sail on the writ-
flex and two other cameras. Film will ficient faith in the skipper’s skill with
er’s 67-foot schooner Hispaniola, built
be stored in a vault the temperature the camera to share with the writer
to accommodate twelve. The craft car-
of which is electrically controlled. For of these lines in expressing in advance
ries a 120-horsepower motor.
night stills the ship will carry three a wish to get a peek at any stuff that
Cine Equipment gross of flash lamps. finally may issue from the writer-di-
Few amateur photographers ever rector-cameraman’s editing.
The voyage may last any part of have embarked on a long journey That stuff ought to be good.
a year. There will be no hard and overseas on picturemaking bent with Let’s go a little further into that
fast itinerary, that being left largely background thing to which reference
a mutual background matching that
on the lap of the gods, which may be of Mr. and Mrs. James. In the first has just been made. When the editor
another way of saying as may be de- place the skipper long has had a pro- got a tip Rian James was planning a
termined by the wishes of the major- nounced yen for the water. The His- sea trip and that he would make 16mm
ity. There is one haven, however, paniola is his second boat. Mrs. pictures he knew that right there must
that definitely is listed, along with the be a tale to interest readers of The
James like her husband is a good
approximate time that anchor will be sailor. The two also share a pro- American Cinematographer.
dropped. nounced urge to transfer the world
That is Tahiti, where the party will and its works to film. And they have A Den and a Half
be situated from the coming Decem- had abundant experience and together
ber until the following March. burned much midnight oil in cutting Later an appointment was made for
their own pictures. a chat at the James home in Beverly
It has been announced the skipper Hills. The visitor was shown into the
IS'
will make one or more feature length writer’s workshop to await the coming
16mm subiects while away that he — of the man of the house, delayed un-
will write his own stories, that he will expectedly at a studio. The visitor
direct them and then just to make the slid into an easy chair and his eyes
job complete will photograph them. roamed. To one congenitally stung
First hand will he le^rn if there bp by an outdoor bee, a sting its victim
any truth in that old saw about the never had been able to get out of his
cooks. For some time now there has system, the room had rare appeal.
been a belief amo'mting to a convic- For it was an outdoor man’s den
tion that in the making of pictures the as well as a workshop. It had been
saw is right. so designed in the beginning. Over
the writer’s desk was a skvlight, with
Who Said Amateur? a protective green shade. The ceiling
was beamed. Aside from the heavily
Certainlv on the writing sule Rian concreted firepla'^e the walls were in
James will be unable to ouahfy as an the natural wood. Windows were on
amateur. There he is full-fledged pro- two sides. Bookshelves in quadruple
fessional. Neither can it be said quite —
banks were on three sides and they
in all truth that as a director he is were filled to the limit, nearly all of
an amateur. With one who knows life the books being first editions, for
as he has found it and who has faced which the owner has a fondness and of
death as he has faced it; who knows which he possesses a couple of thous-
drama in theorv and who recognizes and volumes.
it when it confronts him: who knows Elephants bronze and otherwise,
the traditions of stage and screen and thronged the shelves. There may
who has rubbed elbows on Broadway have been thirty of them. Of ship’s
Mr. and Mrs. Rian James. and in Hollywood with the makers of lanterns, in uni(|ue designs, there were
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 161
1
another couple looking like 38s on a which The Eagle proudly proclaimed
45 base along with a pair of spurs him.
decorated a shelf. Across from these Then for a year after coming to
a broad-brimmed hat seemed to com- Hollywood and while engaged in
plete the Texas atmosphere. screen writing the columnist continued
The visitor envisioned a circum- his work for The Eagle, relinquishing
stance or two where the constituent it with extreme regret and only
parts of this young arsenal might against the coming of the day he may
seem to be very comforting compan- invent some scheme whereby he may
ions in some near or distant part of work in Brooklyn and live in Califor-
the world. nia.
The reporter’s speculative romanc- Asked if his party for the South
ing was interrupted by the return of Seas was complete the writer replied
the householder. The visitor declined it was not quite. He had received
to concede any apologies for delayed eighty applications up to that time,
arrival were due. Instead the thanks but because of the absolute urgency of
of the latter were extended for the signing a congenial group he was ex-
rare visual entertainment. ercising great care in the selection.
Rian James is an unusually young He had declined some flattering mon-
looking man for a World War veteran etary offers from prospective pas-
of more than four years standing sengers, as he was determined to
for a soldier who enlisted in Canada make it entirely a democratic group,
and then when the United States got one in which all would be workers.
into the muss had himself released for The three pups of the James house-
service with Uncle Sam. hold are slated to be members of the
He is youthful looking for a man party and possibly also of the troupe
who has encountered the dangers of an that will be organized. One of these,
aviator and a parachutist. As to the an unusually intelligent wire-haired
latter he is reported to have made his terrier, already is a movie hero, hav- Motorized Schooner Hispanola.
f
162 American Cinematographer • April, 1937
friends arrive to see his pictures. They seat themselves Focusing is done very simply. The la.mp socket is fixed
while Teorey is shown setting up the projector and the which passes out througn
to a length of sturdy brass tube,
picture proceeds. the back end of the lamp and through a set screw collar
The film is quite as interesting as the China cruise pro- soldered to the pan. Moving this rod in and out “spots”
duction and, thanks to more camera wisdom and the or “floods” the beam; the feed wire to the globe is inside
virtues of a 23-A filter for sea and sky shots, more effective the rod. The lamp mounts on the same stand as his five-
photographically. The titles are exceptionally good, and —
cent floodlight and its cost was nil.
there are several animated maps, all home-made with the
Sergeant’s C-K-8! Home Movies With a Purpose
This filming Marine is definitely a “Gadgeteer, First
Class.” He has an inventive mind and enjoys building Ashore Teorey resolutely refuses to make movies of
practical gadgets that widen the scope of his camerawork. his friends unless they are willing to “do something defi-
Some of these devices enable him to do camera tricks no nite.” He
gives two reasons for this. “First of all,” he
purchased accessories include. Others serve as substitutes says, “I’m selfish. I want folks to look at my pictures.
for expensive commercial accessories. All of them were Nobody cares to look a second time if you insult them
made simply from discarded odds and ends that can be with haphazard shots of people doing aimless, silly things.
found around any home. Second, people aren’t natural in front of a movie camera
One of the handiest and simplest was achieved simply unless they have something definite to do.
by bending the handle of his Testrite tripod-head. Not “We’ve made one or two simple little photoplaylets, but
only does this give him a more convenient grip when as I’m ashore so little most of our films have had to be
making panning shots, but by simply pulling the handle simpler and more impromptu. We make little skits
down fully he can fold the tripod without having to re- ancdotes on film. The ideas for these come from all sorts
move the tilting handle!
Continued on Pasre 169
For Camera Whirls
Retrieves Percolator
AMATEUR MOVIE
CLUB NEWS
tor of 2. The factor for the orange G Technical Committees receiving hearty
filteris from 3 to 414 with the type congratulations.
A emulsions, and only 214 with the
type C. The red 23-A filter has a
L. A. CINEMA CLUB factor of 7 on type A emulsions, and PARAMOUNT CLUB DISCUSSES
HEARS TALKS ON FILM only 314 with type C. COLOR
Discussing Kodachrome, Andrews
The March meeting of the Los An- The young and thriving Paramount
stated this film now rates at 80 per
geles Cinema Club was devoted to Movie Club, composed of non-photo-
cent (Weston 8) on the sensitivity
discussions and demonstrations of the graphic workers in the Paramount
scale.
leading types of 16mm. film. East- Studio, held its third meeting on
He stressed the fact that there are
man, Agfa, Pellex, Hollywoodland and March The meeting was devoted
12.
only four proper uses of the Koda-
Rex products were represented. Hall to a discussion ofKodachrome film-
chrome haze filter: 1, to absorb the
Todd, the Pellex representative, of- ing. Gordon A. Chambers of the East-
excess of ultra-violet encountered at
fered an unusual demonstration of
high altitudes; 2, to reduce the tend-
man Kodak Company’s Hollywood sci-
Super-Pellex by submitting two rolls entific staff was the speaker of the
ency toward bluish shadows in snow
to tests made by the Club’s Technical evening and gave a noteworthy talk
scenes; 3, to curb the tendency toward
Committee at the start of the meet- on Kodachrome and its use. He also
a bluish cast on overcast hazy days;
ing, processing the film and later re- was pressed into service to criticise
4, to curtail the bluish haze on ex-
turning to show it on the screen before severalKodachrome pictures made by
tremely distant long-shots. The lat-
the meeting adjourned. members of the club.
ter use, he pointed out, was largely
Irving H. Andrews, the Eastman William Stull, A.S.C., representing
a matter of personal preference; the
representative, spoke at considerable the American Cinematographer Mag-
filter is not mandatory for such
length and gave several valuable facts azine, was introduced and spoke brief-
scenes.
relative to Eastman’s various cine ly, congratulating the club on inter-
films. The firm’s sensitivity rating, esting studio employes in personal
he revealed, based on an arbitrary Advises Against Delay movie making.
figure of 100, gives the following The feature of the evening was a
speed factors for the four types of
Speaking of the newer Type A showing of the Kodachrome feature,
Eastman black-and-white reversal Kodachrome for use under artificial
“The Story of Linetta,” filmed by F.
light, he stressed that it was made
films: P. Judson. This film, winner of a
for use with Photoflood globes, and
Percent special award in the American Cine-
will not work satisfactorily with or-
8mm. Cine-Kodak film 80 matographer’s 1935 Contest, was pre-
dinary Mazda globes, which give a
16mm. Safety Film 120 sented with its full sound accompani-
yellower light. If the same roll is
Regular Panchromatic 160 ment.
to be used both indoors and out, he
Super-Sensitive Pan 240 It was decided to change the club’s
Andrews advised choosing type A Kodachrome
It is only chance, Mr. regular meeting date to the first
and making the exteriors with the
stated, that striking off the 0 in these Thursday of each month, to avoid
proper Type A daylight filter. He
ratings gives the Weston speed rat- conflictwith meetings of other studio
urged against leaving a partly-exposed
ings. groups. Wilton Carneal is the presi-
roll of Kodachrome in the camera, as
dent of the Paramount Movie Club and
Three Types of Pan the latent image deteriorates, and the
Marlyn Webber secretary.
emulsion is likely to stick in the aper-
He that the Kodak labora-
.stated ture. Kodachrome processing sta-
tories had evolved three types of com- tions are now operating in Rochester, STATEN ISLAND CINEMA MEETS
mercial panchromatization, referred Chicago, Los Angeles, London, Paris,
to as types A, B, and C. The type A Berlin and Melbourne, Australia. At a meeting March 18 of the Sta-
was the earliest, and is featured by Agfa’s demonstration film had un- ten Island Cinema Club H. P. Rock-
a low red sensitivity. The regular fortunately been delayed in the mail, well, Jr., of the Weston Electrical
16mm. panchromatic reversal film is and the improvised filter-tests shown, Instrument Corporation gave a talk,
now the only representative of this made by a local photographer, were illustrated by lantern slides, on ex-
group in the cine field. The type C admittedly incomplete. posure problems and the use of the
emulsion has a higher red sensitivity Hollywoodland Studios and Rex Weston Exposure Meter.
and is represented by C-K 8mm. film, Film Laboratory each showed two The films shown were “White
Kodak Safety Film and SuperSensi- types of reversed-positive film, each North,’’ winner of A.S.C. award; “The
tive. with a Weston rating of 8 for day- First Year,” the club’s own production,
These types of panchromatization light. Hollywoodland’s Super film recording the birth and growth of the
have an important bearing on filter- was stated to have a Weston speed organization; “Sequoia,” a scenic
ing. The type C emulsions require of 6 for Mazda lighting. film of the redwood forests by Frank
no increase in exposure for such yel- The meeting was pronounced one E. Gunnell, and “Bryce Canyon Won-
low filters as the K-2 and CK2, while of the most constructive yet held. derland,” in color, by Frank E. Gun-
with type A these filters have a fac- President Bailey and the Program and nell. Both of Mr. Gunnell’s films were
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 165
accompanied by recorded music and graphed by Mr. and Mrs. F. N. Hirst. CINEMA CLUB SPONSORS
sound effects. The latter film won The subject included some remark- EXPOSITION
the 1936 contest of the Metropolitan able scenes. Matching in attractive-
Motion Picture Club. ness the work in the field was the The Los Angeles Cinema Club will
titling, described as “exceptional in
sponsor an exposition of amateur
its brilliancy.”
motion picture cameras and equip-
LOS ANGELES 8MM CLUB ment on Tuesday, April 6, at the
Using jet black paper as a base, a
silver typewriter ribbon and hand- Arcady Hotel, Wilshire boulevard and
The regular meeting of the Los Rampart, Los Angeles.
painted flowers and objects, in pro-
Angeles Eight Millimeter Club was This display of the latest 8 and 16
portion to the typewriter letters, Mr.
held in the auditorium of Eastman millimeter equipment will be worthy
Hirst was able to develop a combina-
Kodak Company, 6796 Santa Monica of the industry represented, being
tion of colors in his title that will set
boulevard, March 9. President F. R. such firms as Bell and Howell, East-
a mark plenty tough for his fellow-
Loscher was in the chair. man, Victor, Simplex, Craig Movie
members to go after.
Membership buttons were present- Supply Company, with Ampro, Key-
“Wanderlust” has been highly
ed by Vice President John E. Walter stone and accessories. Harrison will
praised by officials in the Eastman
to five new members. Four women have a filter exhibit, Thalhammer an
plant, citing it as an example of not-
now are members. exhibit of tripods and the amateur
able photography. The company made
Due to the feminine increase in movie magazines will be represented.
frame enlargements from a number
membership. President Loscher ap- In addition to the movies and movie
of the scenes. Considering Mr. Hirst
pointed a Ladies Activities Commit- equipment there will be a rather com-
used nothing but 3.5 fixed focal lens,
tee,consisting of Mrs. Alva Cadarette plete display of candid cameras.
no meter and no tripod, the results
chairman, with Mrs. Lucille M. Linn, Everyone interested in such an ex-
are all the more remarkable.
assistant. position is cordially invited to attend
Paul J. Gelzer has been named
The president announced the secre- during the afternoon of April 6.
chairman of the membership commit-
tarywas revising his filing system of LeRoy H. Bailey, M.D., is president
tee and it is expected the club short-
members and requested members pres- of the Los Angeles Cinema Club and
ly will reach its limit of seventy-five.
ent to fill out new application blanks
Already the roster is close to sixty. Dr. Freebairn is secretary-treasurer.
prepared by the secretary so the of-
The affairs of the club were so CINE CLUB HEARS TALK
ficers might be more helpful.
satisfactorily conducted during the
A sample copy of Thru the Filter ON FILTERS
last year the members at the election
(proposed new club publication) was
held during the course of the evening The Cinema Club of San Francisco,
passed to the members, and it was
re-elected all of the incumbents. With which is, as its letterhead sets forth,
decided to table further discussion un-
the committees they are: R. M. Hoot, “an organization of amateur cinema-
til the April meeting.
president; G. A. Pittman, vice presi- tographers,” was entertained at its
The usual ten-minute period devoted
dent; A. L. 0. Rasch, secretary-treas- meeting March 30 by Member David
to the technical committee for an-
urer. Redfield by a talk on filters, with an
swering queries appeared to be popu-
Executive committee, H. M. Sharp, accompanying demonstration.
lar among members.
B. N. Levene and the officers; tech- Shown on the screen were some of
A short period was set aside for nical committee, chairman, H. R. Wil- the pictures taken at the Febiniary
members who brought films for analy-
son; program committee, chairman, demonstration as well as 500 feet of
sis to project their films and allowing
Ripley W. Bugbee; publications com- Kodachrome exhibited by Member
the technical committee to judge their
mittee, chairman, B. N. Levene; mem- L. A. Sharaeff entitled “Winter in
pictures. From the number of films
bership committee, chairman, Paul J. Yosemite.”
submitted this feature looks as if it
Gelzer. The program committee has decided
is taking the fancy of members.
to hold a contest, limited to 100 feet
The president introduced Jim Bark-
of 16mm or 25 feet of 8mm, opening
er of the Max Factor make-up studios, BLUE BELL ENTERTAINS April 1 and ending May 25. The
a man of wide experience in profes-
March meeting was to announce a
sional work in the picture plants. The members of all camera clubs
title for the competition and the list
Bion Vogel, a club member, volun- and their friends in metropolitan De-
of prizes.
teered to serve as the subject for the troit are cordially invited to meet
At the preceding session of the club
demonstration, which was that of with the Blue Bell Camera Club in
doubling the age, or may be more.
Member Gordon Michie and Mrs.
the auditorium of the Telephone
Michie produced a short skit filmed
Anyway, it was of exceeding interest. Building Wednesday evening, April 7,
by Members Michie, Breyman and
The session was a long one, but no at 8 o’clock.
Dr. Thatcher. Mr. and Mrs. Vernon
one thought of walking out. Arrangements have been made to Halletz, who played the scenes in a
Mr. Barker will return for the next have Hillary G. Bailey, F.R.P.S., tell
subjec texhibited, demonstrated much
meeting. A full house is assured in about recent developments in photo-
about lighting to their fellow-mem-
advance. graphic materials and technique. This
bers.
is an excellent opportunity to hear
about what is new. It will not be a
RUMANIA PLANS LABS
PHILADELPHIA CINEMA
trade talk. The Rumanian weekly magazine
At the monthly meeting March 9 As publicity and publications man- Memento reports an order has been
of the Philadelphia Cinema Club six ager for Agfa-Ansco Mr. Bailey knows '^iven for the payment of 20 mil-
members showed films. Also thrown what is going on and he is familiar from the National
lion lei ($140,000)
on the screen was a composite film of with the amateur point of view. As Cinematography Fund to the Ministry
the club’s first anniversary banquet a writer and as a pictorialist he has of Education for the furnishing of
in February, photographed by a quar- been well known for many years. scientific laboratories in the univer-
tet of the members. The exhibit was A 16mm sound feature will be pre- sities, reports American Consul Shel-
a success. sented bv the movie section of the don T. Mills. The Journal of the
One of the features of the show Club. Council of Ministers upon which this
was “Wanderlust: or, A Trip to Eng- The Detroit clubs may look for- decision is said to have been based,
land,” 600 feet of Kodachrome, photo- ward to this meeting for a rare treat. has not been published.
166 American Cinematographer » April, 1937
A by commercial photographers,
particularly by those engaged
in portrait work, for a cooler, more
of such subjects as children and house
pets. Ease of synchronization, the
experts said, is another decided point
of advantage.
but about the size of a stubby fat
thumb, is made of extra-hard heat-
resisting glass. This hollow glass
“thumb” is only two inches long and
economical, and effective light source. The new lamp, an off-shoot of pres- about an inch in diameter. Within is
General Electric lighting engineers at ent higher wattage mercury vapor a small amount of mercury and
Nela Paik announce as well under way lamps in use both in this country and enough argon gas to “start” the lamp.
development of a combination 100-watt abroad, and its control device are The chief purpose of the outer bulb
mercury lamp and a compact control strictly American achievements, each is to protect the inner bulb from
mechanism by means of which one having been developed in the Nela drafts and to let the heart of the
brilliant “flood-flash” after another Park laboratories. A relatively small lamp operate at reasonably uniform
can be produced. bulb-within-a-bulb, the Flood-Flash temperatures. It also causes the lamp
The Flood-Flash lamp and its con- lamp is the result of recent research to operate at the proper temperature
trol device, when perfected, will be aimed at making an economical mer- needed to fully vaporize the consid-
made available to photographers cury lamp that will operate at low erable amount of free mercury in the
through the Mazda lamp manufactur- inner bulb.
ers. The G-E Flood-Flash Control
While the new Flood-Flash lamp is —
mechanism in a kit about the size
about as effective, photographically, —
of a workman’s lunch box governs
as a No. 20 Photoflash lamp, the the duration of the flash. It includes
Flood-Flash lamp may be flashed a reactor or “choke” governing device
hundreds of times, whereas the Photo- designed to keep the lamp from
flash lamp can be flashed but once. “I'acing away with itself” while in
The new development capitalizes a operation.
striking characteristic of the unique
100-watt mercury lamp, namely, its Wabash Claims Flash
ability to withstand an untold num-
ber of sudden powerful “doses” of
Gives Greater Light
electrical energy, to each of which it For the first time since photoflash
responds by emitting a brilliant light- lamps were invented several years ago
ning-like flash. These flashes, labora- a radically new type called Superflash
tory experts explain, can be made to has been developed and perfected, re-
occur at will, each within so brief a ports the Wabash Photolamp Corpora-
twinkling as one-sixtieth of a second. tion of Brooklyn, which has been ex-
And if desired, a peak brilliancy of perimenting for some time with flash
several million lumens can be pro- photography and flash bulbs.
duced. The new lamp is claimed to give
Present laboratory specimens of the 50 percent more total illumination than
new lamp have been designed to work the foil type and to be the fir.st photo-
most effciently at normal studio ex- flash lamp the design and construction
posures, that is from one-twentieth of which permit a definite exact con-
to one-flftieth of a second, and with trol of flashing characteristics.
the aid of either a mechanical or elec- Unlike the foil tvpe, the light pro-
trical synchronizer. ducing medium of the Superflash is a
fine hydrolanium wire the exactly
Material Economies
measured diameter of which predeter-
That the Flood-Flash development mines the timing characteristics of the
holds promise of making possible ma- flash, and where the exactly measured
terial economies and efficiencies is in- length predetermines the intensity and
dicated by the following known facts: volume of light, so that uniform iden-
Use of the new lamp eliminates the tical results are secured with every
customary excessive heat generated flash.
by conventional lighting equipment in Another radical innovation in pho-
most studios. Wattage consumption toflash bulbs is the blue Safety Spot
for a single flash of not more than which each Superflash carries as pro-
one-twentieth of a second amounts to tection against misses, spoiled nega-
only watt-hours or thereabouts.
five tives and exploding bulbs. Explosions
The phenomenally great amount of of photoflash bulbs are caused by air
light produced momentarily permits seeping into the bulb, but if air enters
an instantaneous exposure. Actual the Superflash bulb the Safety Spot
photography with the lamp shows that Untouched picture of Taffy, showing how turns pink, thus warning the photog-
Floodflash “stopped” his motions as he pawed
its flash “stops” ordinary motion, per- rapher to use only perfect blue spot
the air and waved his long ears in a success-
mitting interesting and clear pictures ful attempt to stand on his hind legs. bulbs.
April, 1937 • American Cinematographer 167
GINNING ABROAD
AT HOME By Albert N. Mueller, M. D.
M
live,
ost everyone harbors an
innate desire to visit foreign
lands and see how other people
work and play; and where pos-
Holland, Ireland, Black Forest, India,
Flanders, Austrian Tyrol, Alps, Japa-
nese cherry blossoms, Spanish Main,
English coast, Arabian desert, Malay
fete), the New Year’s Mummers
parade, Philadelphia; also the flower
tournaments at Pasadena, Calif., and
Portland, Ore.; “Old Spanish Days
sible callon their kin-folks. The
. . . coast, South America, Dead Sea (Sal- Fiesta,” Santa Barbara, takes place
Cinei la News Reels help stimulate ton Sea), and the Sahara. in August, and the Tulip Parade, Hol-
this popular interest and keep alive Our large cities, such as New York, land, Mich.
the “wanderlust” instinct; the dreams Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles,
that one hopes may some day come etc., with their cosmopolitan popula- The Classic at Home
true. tion present a remarkable opportunity
The immediate pleasure cf t aveling, for filming a variety of nationalities. We have picturesque cathedrals
aside from new friendships gained, is Here one may see the world repre- galore, ancient and modern, with
to look at nature, with awe, at its sented in native costume when cele- Gothic architecture and beautiful art
grandeur and mystery. Later the brating its weddings, birthdays and glass windows, of priceless value. For
traveler returning homeM^ard, in ret- other anniversaries, dances, holy days, instance, the Trinity Episcopal Church,
rospect and meditation, realizes that and amusements such as puppet shows. Rock Island, 111., has two altar panels
he has a richer understanding of life. Many of the parades and celebra- by La Farge, considered classic and
For those who are unable to go tions abroad have their counterpart among his best produced.
abroad for various reasons, such as here, such as the Mardi Gras, New In the Forest Lawn Memorial Park,
finances, time, health, etc., the United Orleans (sim'lar to the French Riviera Glendale, Calif., is a large stained
States affords within its confines and glass reproduction of the famous
contiguous borders many of the thrills, “Lord’s Last Supper” painting. Also
scenery, fiestas, sports, and foreign there are numerous examples of mo-
native atmosphere which Avhen filmed saic work as exemplified by the ex-
can be an interesting substitute for terior of the Stanford University
an around the world tour. Chapel, Palo Alto, California.
There is an old saying that the The old Spanish Missions skirting
grass always seems greener in our the Pacific Coast, because of their
neighbor’s fields and thus we fail to pictursque and colorful quaintness,
appreciate what wonderful advantages easily could fill several reels. Founded
our own native land affords. Let us, by the Franciscan Fathers, in the
therefore, take an imaginary “tour early days of California settlement,
abroad,” a Cinemateur Globe Trotter for the conversion of the Indians, they
in America. were built along the winding trails
called El Camino Real or King’s
West Coast Magic Highway. They extended from San
Diego to San Francisco and were
Ever mindful of composition and constructed of adobe, with roofs of
proper continuity, our scenario may hand-made red tile. Each one is of
start at a steamship dock filming the a typical Spanish architecture, with
departure of an ocean liner with all colonades, patios, old walled flower
the glamour and excitement present gardens, and fountains.
at sailing; or a scene in a home of Today many have been restored and
the family looking at travel literature are inhabited by monks as of old.
and discussing a prospective cruise. San Fernando Mission, near Los An-
The next scene or title can show a geles, is a fine example of an old
change in plans and the decision to world monastery with its cloistered
stav at home and “See America First.” charm and ever present bell tower.
The state of California is the ama-
teur filmer’s paradise, for within its Customs Changing
borders are situated the requirements
necessary to represent many nation- Skiing is one of the world’s oldest
alities; as the professional cinema sports, dramatic and exhilarating. Yet
movie companies have discovered and it is only in recent years that it has
catalogued locations representing become popular in the United States,
Alaska. Holy Land, Russia, Rural Eng- and a most rapid growth is predicted.
land, French Riviera, Italian villas, Albert N. Mueller, M. D. Continued on Papre 170
168 American Cinematographer • April, 1937
4
X 16
X 51/4 2
6
3
1.0
2.0
3.0
Dioptre
Dioptre
Dioptre
graph the projection from the rear of a telephoto lens how do they follow 3%
such a screen ? motion, as of a bee gathering honey,
1114
10
8
3x4
2% 3%
X
X
41/2 2
1V2
3.5
4.0
Dioptre
Dioptre
Dioptre
EDMUND A. GILLIS. for instance, and keep the image in
Displacement
1 5.0
can give as long an exposure as For a subject like the bee gather- have learned many new hints and also
necessary. The exposure of course de- ing honey, a paper by J. W. McFar- about various useful gadgets. I am
oends on the speed of the plate or land of the Kodak Research Labora- interested in securing a book contain-
film you use. upon the size of the tory, “A c t i 0 n of Supplementary ing scenarios which can be filmed by
screen and the amount of light re- Lenses.” which appeared in the July, the amateur, like those you have pub-
flected from it. The best guid to ex-
' 1934, issue of this magazine, suggests lished from time to time. Are there
posure is an accurate photoelectric ex- a simple and practical method. anv such available ?
T
Vial each Cold and Silver Powder, Font
Cine Rubber Type, Type-Holder, with
So I packed two cameras one of them —
Handle, Tweexers, Inking Pad, 3 Com- for a shipmate who wanted a complete
position Backgrounds. All for only record of his progress through Nep-
Sergeant Teorey is Out- 4 o tune’s initiation.
standing Disciple of 8mm Booklet on Request
your dealer cannot supply you, send
“When we’re in a strange port I
If follow one rule that might help tour-
check or money order to:
Continued from Page 163
ing civilians. Unless I team up with
Dept. A-4
another moviemaker I always go
of sources. One of the best is those The STAMP-O-
ashore alone. The average tourist
series of “MiracleEye” candid camera TITLE CO.
whether he is a civilian or a marine
pictures some newspapers print, show-
ing movies stars telling a story in
318 East 116th
St., New York
on liberty —
isn’t particularly interest-
ed in pictures, nor is he patient or
pictured action. helpful to one who is. Even a still
“One I did recently (with myself as camera enthusiast isn’t interested in
star) was from a series that showed the same subjects a moviemaker wants
William Frawley telephoning his wife to shoot. So I always go alone. That
an alibi for staying late at the office. way have only mvself to blame if I
I
Maybe the gags aren’t always new, don’t bring back the scenes I want!”
but they are fun to do and fun to
screen. And they give the victims A second article, describing more of Ser-
(
Catalog B 4 on Request
OXLY 82.50
for one year’s subscription to American
Cinematographer, any where in the
C. P. GOERZ United States.
$3.50 foreign
AMERICAN OPTICAL CO. AMERICAN CINEMATOGRAPHER
1782 No. Orange Drive
317 East 34 Street New York Hollywood, California
170 American Cinematographer • April, 1937
Among the surprising facts revealed prices inelade processing its new home Sunday, February 28,
that may lead to a better understand- Orange drive took perfect care of the
ing of what happens when the latent two hundred men and women who
image is formed." Tt was found that The Gevaert Co. of America, Inc. roamed through its rooms and got
film showed a markedly greater in- 423 West 55th St., New York acquainted with the facilities and con-
crease in sensitivity when hypersensi- veniences of the society’s new home.
tized after exposure instead of before Los Angeles. San
One of the outstanding highlights
Boston. Chicago.
exposure. Francisco. Toronto, Montreal. Winnipeg
of a party that will linger in the
Other interesting features of the memory was the getting together of
method are that it shows no apparent those who across two decades have
effect on the gradation or the grain worked side by side in the business of
size of the photographic material. Fur- making pictures for the multitudes
ther characteristics which make the literally for uncounted millions. Strong
friendships are formed in the years
method superior to usual wet-hyper-
sensitizing treatments include the fol-
lowing features reported by Drs.
Dersch and Duerr in their article:
“(1) The film does not have to be
CRAIG
SPLICER and REWINDS
— and the camaraderie that prevailed
through the evening was the strongest
evidence of their existence. Behind
many of the toasts that were drunk
well may have been these thoughts:
put through a bathing process and
then dried. (2) The mercury vapors FRIENDSHIP
are active also upon tightly wound
Here’s to Friendship that is old.
spools of film, the- sensitizing effect
Welded stronger year by year;
being uniformly spread over the whole
Here’s to friends to have and hold
length (e.g., of a 1009-foot roll of
35mm. motion picture film). If suffi-
When Life’s leaf is in the sear;
CRAIG JUNIOR COMBINATION $8.50 Here’s to pals who stood the test
cient time is available for hypersensi- Junior Splicer with two geared rewinds
tizing, the films need not even be re- all mounted on 21" board.
When our luck was badly shot;
CRAIG MOVIE SUPPLY CO. Here’s to those we love the best . . .
ART REEVES
Continued from Page 147
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