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dhatukshaya (decrease body tissues) mitva (desir for hot substances). The laghu
emaciation, increases vata and decrease guna is again responsible for all the atro-
kapha in the body. phy disorders, karshya. It posseses domi-
Ruksha (dry): predominancy of vayu and nancy of amla (sour),katu(pungent) and
agni mahabhoota, possesses katu, tikta and tikta (bitter) rasa due to which it causes
kashaya (astringent) rasas, produces vaddhavida (constipation). The chala guna
rukshata, kathinya (hard), stambhana, de- is responsible for increased pravritti. The
creases dhatu (body tissue) and is vata pathological changes like span-
vriddhikaraka. dana(trembling), kampana (shiver) which
Sheeta (cool): predominancy of vayu and mainly occurs in the neurological diseases
jala mahabhoota, possesses tikta(bitter), are due to this guna along with other
madhura(sweet) and kashaya (astringent) gunas.
rasas, stambhakaraka (stiffness), brim- Comparision with Modern Medicine:
hanakaraka (increase strength), agniman- From the analysis of gunas, kupita lakshanas
dyakara (decrease digestive fire), kapha of vata and from the 80 types of vatika
and vata vardhaka. nanatmaja vyadhis, it can be correlated
Suksma (subtle): sukshma srota and with different diseases as mentioned in
chidra pravesha (enter into minute chan- modern medicine which can be grouped
nels of body), agni, vayu and akasha ma- under the following headings-
habhoota, produces snehana(oleation), 1. Disorders of joints and adjacent tis-
stambhana (stiffness) and swedana sue15: Musculoskeletal disorders Pain
(sweating) in the body. related disease: shoulder pain, knee
Chala (movement): Chala guna can be pain, hip pain Arthritis : osteoarthritis
replaced with Sara guna according to 2. Nerve and Muscle diseases16:
Acharya Vagbhatta. The main functions Peripheral neuropathy
are anulomana (downward direction of Muscular dystrophies: muscle weakness,
vayu), pravartana (increased frequency) muscle pain, cramps, stiffness
Vishada (non slimy): predominancy of Neuropathic pain- burning, tingling sensa-
prithvi, vayu, agni and akasha, functions tion,
are soshana (emaciation), ropana(healing), Back and neck pain- Anomalies of spine
balakshaya (decrease strength), decreases 3. Disorders of bone and mineral metabo-
kapha. lism17: Osteoporosis
Khara (rough): produces parushya 4. Neurological disorders: diseases of the
(rough), karkashata (coarse), rukshata specific nerves
(dryness), apatarpana (lightness), lekhana 5. Nervous system dysfunction18: Dizzi-
(scarifying)inside the body. It causes vata ness, Vertigo, weakness, Paralysis,
vriddhi. Numbness
The vriddhi of Ruksha, sheeta gunas of The possible Vatavyadhi correlation with
vata are chiefly responsible for the the musculoskeletal disorders and the mus-
cle disease are:
production of pain, stiffness, restricted
movement, atrophy, loss of strength of Asthisosha- osteoporosis
body as well as decrease sensory and mo- Asthibheda- fragility
tor fuction. The vitiation of sheeta guna is Asthishoola- ostalgia
responsible mala abarodha (constipation), Asthiparva bheda- pain, arthralgia
lomaharsha (horripilation) and ushnaka-
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1021
Bora Deepanjali & Barman Niten : Concept Of Vatavyadhi In Modern Medicine
All the above are due to Kupita vata in as- bheda, arasagyata, kasayaasyata can be
thi. correlated with the above.
Seventh cranial nerve –
Parvanamstambha- joint stiffness, re-
FACIAL nerve- This is again a motor
duced range of movement.(eg:
nerve. It supplies the individual muscles
hanustambha, manyastambha- locked
on the face. Its lesion includes facial
jaw, torticollis)
paralysis. The clinical features are paraly-
Panipristhasirograham- spasticity,
sis of the lower half of the face if the le-
stiff back and neck
sion is on the upper motor neurone.
Akshepak- convulsive disorders (kupita
Paralysis on the one half of the face of the
vata in the dhamanis)
same side if the lesion is on the lower mo-
Avabahuka- amsasosha- Frozen shoul-
tor neurone. So, this disease can be corre-
der (vata in amsa Pradesh)
lated with the vatavyadhi Ardita.
Mamsakshaya- different muscle atro- Eight- cranial nerve-
phy diseases (kupita vata in mamsa) AUDITORY: It has two parts. Cochlear
Sandhishoola-joint disorders(e.g OA) division responsible for hearing and
NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES19 vestibular part responsible for maintane-
Disorders of the first cranial nerve- ance of equilibrium. The clinical features
OLFACTORY this is a sensory nerve which of cochlear lesion are tinnitus, deafness
is responsible for smell sensation. Damage of
while of vestibular are loss of equilibrium,
this nerve leads to Anosmia. The
vertigo, giddiness. Thus it can be con-
vatavyadhi Ghrananasha can be compared cluded that ashabdasravana (tinnitus),
with this disease.
badhirya (deaf), bhrama (giddiness)
Disorders of second cranial nerve- comes under this group of diseases.
OPTIC NERVE: This nerve is a sensory Ninth cranial nerve-
nerve which is responsible for vision. The GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL: It is a mixed
nerve is involved in trauma, vascular acci-
cranial nerve whose effects of lesion are
dents, etc. the lesions produced due to it difficulty in deglutition, loss of taste sensa-
are papilloedema, optic neuritis. All the tion in the posterior one third of the
netra related disease caused by vata like
tongue- Arasagyata (tastelessness)
akshibheda, netrashoola can be compared
Tenth cranial nerve-
with this pathology.
VAGUS- Effects of lesion include hoarse-
Disorders of third cranial nerve-
ness of voice along with other features.
OCCULOMOTOR- Ptosis - Nimesh,
The Vata vriddhi lakshana given by
which occurs due to vyan vayu prakopa.
Sushruta as vakparushya(hoarseness of
Fifth cranial nerve-
voice) can be compared with this.
TRIGEMINAL- This is a mixed nerve.
Other comparable diseases:
The effect of motor part is inability to
Pakshavadha - can be compared with
move the lower jaw side to side, weakness
Hemiplegia , Pangulya - can be compared
and wasting of the massetar and temporalis
with Paraplegia , Kampavata - It can be
muscle, inability to chew. The sensory part
correlated with Parkinsonism,Viswachi- it
effects are loss of sensation of taste on the
can be correlated with brachial neuropathy,
anterior two-third of the tongue on the
erb’s paralysis, Khanja- it can be corre-
same side. So, the vatavyadhi like
lated with monoplegia cruralis, Pangu- it
hanustambha, manyastambha, shankha-
can be correlated with diplegia cruralis,
www.iamj.in IAMJ: Volume 4; Issue 06; June- 2016
1022
Bora Deepanjali & Barman Niten : Concept Of Vatavyadhi In Modern Medicine
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Dr. Deepanjali Bora
P.G Scholar, Samhita & Siddhanta depart-
ment, Govt. Ayurvedic College, Guwahati,
Jalukbari-14
Email- deepanjalibora26@gmail.com