How to do CPR

(Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
.
2010 Guidelines

American Heart Association

m

First Response Training, LLC

 Disclaimer
 This presentation is not a substitute from
taking a class in person.
 Please use this presentation as a refresher.
 Please sign up for a class to get to practice
the “hands on skills”

Conor Devery, EMT-P………..

First Response Training, LLC
 Adult CPR
 Make sure scene is safe
 Check for responsiveness
 If no response, call 911 and get the AED
 Check for breathing
 Check for movement
 Begin chest compressions
 Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths until the
AED arrives, EMS takes over, or the victim
moves
 If uncomfortable doing mouth to mouth – just do
compressions
Hand Placement
 Place heel of one hand in center of chest
 Interlock fingers of the other hand
Lean forward so your shoulders are over
your hands
 Press straight down with elbows straight

 Push down at least 2 inches

Push at a rate (speed) of 100 compressions
per minute
 Airway Management
Mouth – to - Mouth Mouth – to - Mask

If you are uncomfortable doing mouth-

to-mouth then skip it and
Just do Compressions
 Adult CPR - Reminders
 Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and
movement.
 Ensure chest rises with each breath
 Place hands in the center of the chest for
compressions
 Allow chest to recoil completely or return to its
normal position
 Compression rate: 100/minute
 Compress at least 2 inches
 Child CPR
 Check for responsiveness
 Yell for help but don't leave the victim
 Check for breathing
Max. of 10 seconds
 Check for movement
 Begin chest compressions
 After 30 compressions give 2 breaths
 Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths for 5 cycles
or 2 minutes
 If still no response, activate 911 and get the AED
Hand Placement - Child
 Rescuer can use one or two hands to do
compressions
 Place heel of one hand in center of
chest
in line with nipple line.
 Lean forward so your shoulders are over
your hands
 Press straight down with elbows
Push down at least 1/3 to ½ depth of chest
 straight
Push at a rate (speed) of 100 compressions
per minute
If one arm is not strong enough use both
hands.
 Child CPR - Reminders
 Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and
movement
 Ensure chest rises with each breath
 Place hands in the center of the chest for
compressions
 Use 1 or 2 hands for compressions
 Allow chest to recoil completely
 Compression rate: 100/minute
 Compress 1/3 to 1/2 the depth of the chest
 Phone 911 after 5 cycles of CPR if you are alone
 Infant CPR
 Check for responsiveness
 Yell for help but don't leave the victim
 Check for breathing
Max. of 10 seconds
 Check for movement
 Begin chest compressions
 After 30 compressions give 2 breaths
 Continue 30 compressions and 2 breaths for 5 cycles or
2 minutes
 If still no response, activate 911 and get the AED
Infant Compressions
Infant Mouth – to – Mouth and
Nose Resuscitation
 Infant CPR - Reminders
 Take 5-10 seconds to check for breathing and
movement
 Ensure chest rises with each breath
 Perform compressions using 2 fingers placed 1 finger
width below the nipple line
 Allow chest to recoil completely
 Compression rate: 100/minute
 Compress 1/3 the depth of the chest
 Phone 911 after 5 cycles of CPR if you are alone
 AED can now be used for infants
Choking Relief
 When NOT to do Choking Relief
If a person appears to be choking
 Ask the patient “Are you choking.”
If they can talk, or cough, they are not fully
choking
 Encourage them to keep coughing
 Call 911
Do NOT do abdominal thrusts if they can talk
or cough
 Adult Choking - Responsive
• Stand behind the person and wrap your arms around the
person’s waist.
• Make a fist with one hand. Place the thumb side of your fist
just above the person’s navel, well below the breastbone.
..
• Grasp the fist with your hand.
• Make quick, upward and inward thrusts with your fists.
• Continue thrusts until the object is dislodged or the person
loses consciousness.
• If the person becomes unconscious, lower person to the floor,
call 911, and begin CPR. If you see the object blocking the airway,
try to remove it.
Adult Choking - Responsive

1/2 way
between navel
and xyphoid
Adult Choking - Unresponsive
 Lower them to the ground
and begin the steps of CPR
 Check mouth for object after
30 compressions
 If you see the object, you can
remove it
 Don't forget to call 911 and
get the AED
 Do not perform a blind finger
sweep
Child Choking - Responsive
 Child Choking - Responsive
 Performing first aid for a choking child is very similar to
an adult. If the child does not clearly grab their throat
other danger signs for a child and an adult include:
 Inability to speak
 Weak, ineffective coughing
 Noisy breathing or high-pitched sounds while inhaling
 Difficulty breathing
 Bluish skin color
 Loss of consciousness if blockage is not cleared
Child Choking - Unresponsive
 Lower them to the ground and begin
the steps of CPR
 Look in the mouth before each
breath
 If you see the object, you can
remove it
 Don't forget to call 911 and get the
AED
 Do not perform a blind finger sweep
 Infant Choking
The danger signs of true choking are: DO NOT
•Inability to cry or make much sound •DO NOT perform
•Weak, ineffective coughing these steps if the
•Soft or high-pitched sounds while infant is coughing
inhaling forcefully or has a
•Difficulty breathing - ribs and chest strong cry – either of
retract which can dislodge
•Bluish skin color the object on its own.
•Loss of consciousness if blockage is
not cleared
 Infant Choking
Step 1: Back Blows
Step 2: Chest Thrusts
 Infant Choking
Step 3: Object Removal
• Only remove object if
you can see it.
• No blind finger
sweeps
• If object not visible go
back to back blows
and chest thrusts
 Choking Infant - Unresponsive
 Unresponsive Infant
 Place them on a hard, flat surface and begin the steps of CPR
 Look in the mouth before each breath
 If you see the object, you can remove it
 Don't forget to call 911 after 2 minutes (5 cycles) of CPR
Automated Extenal Defibrillator
(AED)
Automated External Defibrillator
(AED)
AEDs are computerized devices that
allow laypersons to attempt defibrillation
safely.
Here are a few facts about defibrillation:
 It is the most effective treatment for Ventricular Fibrillation, the
most common initial rhythm present in a victim of sudden
cardiac arrest.
 The probability of successful defibrillation decreases rapidly over
time
 Use of an AED
 Power on the AED
 Apply pads to the victim's bare chest
 Plug the pads into the AED
 "Clear" the victim and allow it to analyze
 If a shock is advised, "clear" the victim again and press the shock
button
 Continue chest
compressions
 Every 2 minutes the power button

AED will repeat the

steps

shock button
 Adult Child Infant
(age 9 and older) (1 year to puberty) (less than 1 year)

Activate 911 as soon as victim if alone, after 5 cycles of CPR

is found
Compression Center of the chest between the Just below the
Location nipples nipple line
Compression Heal of 1 hand same as adult or 2 fingers
Method with the other on heal of 1 hand for (2 hands encircling-
top small children thumb for 2-rescuer)

Compression 100 per minute

Rate
Compression- 30:2 30:2
Ventilation Ratio (or “hands only”)
AED yes yes Yes
(adult pads only) (child pads preferable. (child pads preferable.
If none, use adult) If none, use adult)
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