TRIGONOMETRY

Q.1. From the given figure, write down the values of :

(i) sin B (ii) tan B
(iii) cos C (iv) cot C
(v) (sin B cos C + cos B sin C) (vi) (sec 2C − tan 2C)
Ans. In right-angled ∆ABC, BC = 17 units, AB = 15 units
Now, BC 2 = AB2 + AC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ (17)2 = (15)2 + AC2
⇒ 289 = 225 + AC2
⇒ AC2 = 289 − 225 = 64 = (8)2
∴ AC = 8 units
AC 8 AC 8 AC 8
(i) sin B = = (ii) tan B = = (iii) cos C = =
BC 17 AB 15 BC 17
AC 8
(iv) cot C = = (v) sin B cos C + cos B sin C
AB 15
AC 8 AC 8
sin B = = , cos C = =
BC 17 BC 17
AB 15 AB 15
cos B = = , sin C = =
BC 17 BC 17
8 8 15 15
sin B cos C + cos B sin C = × + ×
17 17 17 17
64 225 64 + 225 289
= + = = =1
289 289 289 289
BC 17 AB 15
(vi) sec2 C − tan 2 C , sec C = = , tan C = =
AC 8 AC 8
2 2
2 2  17   15  289 225 289 − 225 64
∴ sec C − tan C =   −   = − = = =1
 8 8 64 64 64 64

Math Class IX 1 Question Bank

Q.2. From the following figure, find the values of :
(i) cos A (ii) cosec A
(iii) tan 2 A − sec 2 A (iv) sin C
(v) sec A (vi)
1
cot 2C − 2
sin C
Ans. In ∆ABD,
AB2 = AD 2 + BD 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ AB = AD 2 + BD 2 = (3)2 + (4) 2 = 9 + 16 = 25 = 5
In ∆BCD,
BC 2 = BD 2 + DC2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ DC 2 = BC2 − BD2
DC = BC 2 − BD2
= (12)2 − (4)2 = 144 − 16 = 128 = 64 × 2 = 8 2
AD 3 AB 5
(i) cos A = = (ii) cosec A = =
AB 5 BD 4
(iii) tan 2 A − sec 2 A
2 2
2  4   5  16 25 16 − 25 −9
2
∴ tan A − sec A =   −   = − = = = −1
 3 3 9 9 9 9
BD 4 1 BC 12 3
(iv) sin C = = = (v) sec C = = =
BC 12 3 DC 8 2 2 2
DC 8 2 1
(vi) cot C = = = 2 2 and sin C = [Using part (iv)]
BD 4 3
1 1 1
∴ cot 2 C − 2 = (2 2)2 − 2
= 4 × 2 − = 8 − 9 = −1
sin C 1 1
  9
3

Math Class IX 2 Question Bank

Q.3. From the following figure find the values of :
(i) sin B (ii) tan C
(iii) sec 2B − tan 2B (iv) sin 2C + cos2C
Ans. In right-angled ∆ABD,
⇒ AB2 = BD 2 + AD 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ AD 2 = AB2 − BD2
⇒ AD = AB2 − BD 2 = (13)2 − (5)2 = 169 − 25 = 144 = 12
In right angled ∆ACD,
AC 2 = AD 2 + DC2
⇒ AC = AD 2 + DC 2 = (12)2 + (16)2 = 144 + 256 = 400 = 200
AD 12
(i) sin B = =
AB 13
AD 12 3
(ii) tan C = = =
DC 16 4
AB 13
(iii) sec2 B − tan 2 B , sec B = =
BD 5
AD 12
tan B = =
BD 5
2 2
2 2  13   12  169 144 169 − 144 25
∴ sec B − tan B =   −   = − = = =1
5  5 25 25 25 25
(iv) sin 2 C + cos2 C
AD 12 3
sin C = = =
AC 20 5
DC 16 4
cos C = = =
AC 20 5
2 2
2 2 3 4 9 16 25
∴ sin C + cos C =   +   = + = =1
5 5 25 25 25

Math Class IX 3 Question Bank

 1
Q.4. If sin θ = , find the values of other trigonometrical ratios for θ.
2
BC 1
Ans. sin θ = =
AC 2
∴ BC = 1 and AC = 2
In right ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ ( 2)2 = (AB)2 + (1)2 ⇒ 2 = AB2 + 1
⇒ AB2 = 2 − 1 = 1 = (1)2 ∴ AB = 1
AB 1 1 1
Now, cosθ = = , tan θ = = 1 , cot θ = = 1
AC 2 1 1
2 2
secθ = = 2 , cosec θ = = 2
1 1
8
Q.5. If tan θ = , find the values of other trigonometrical ratios for θ.
15
BC 8
Ans. tan θ = = ∴ BC = 8 and AB = 15
AB 15
In right ∆ABC, AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
= (15) 2 + (8)2 = 225 + 64 = 289 = (17)2
BC 8
∴ AC = 17 . Now sin θ = =
AC 17
AB 15 AB 15
cosθ = = cot θ = =
AC 17 BC 8
AC 17 AC 17
secθ = = cosec θ = =
AB 15 BC 8
Q.6. If cosec θ = 10, find the values of other trigonometrical ratios for θ.
AC 10
Ans. cosec θ = = ∴ AC = 10 and BC = 1
BC 1
In ∆ABC,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ ( 10) = AB + (1) ⇒ 10 = AB2 + 1
2 2 2

Math Class IX 4 Question Bank

 ⇒ AB2 = 10 − 1 = 9 = (3)2 ∴ AB = 3
BC 1 AB 3
Now, sin θ = = , cosθ = =
AC 10 AC 10
BC 1 AB 3
tan θ = = , cot θ = =
AB 3 BC 1
AC 10
sec θ = =
AB 3
3
Q.7. If sin θ = and θ is an acute angle, find the values of cos θ and tan θ.
5
3 BC
Ans. sin θ = = ∴ BC = 3 and AC = 5
5 AC
In ∆ABC, AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2
⇒ (5)2 = AB2 + (3)2 ⇒ 25 = AB2 + 9
⇒ AB2 = 25 − 9 = 16 = (4)2 ∴ AB = 4
AB 4 BC 3
cosθ = = , tan θ = =
AC 5 AB 4
5
Q.8. If tan θ = and θ is acute, find the values of sin θ and cos θ.
12
BC 5
Ans. tan θ = =
AB 12
∴ BC = 5, AB = 12
Now in ∆ABC,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
= (12) + (5) = 144 + 25 = 169 = (13)2
2 2

∴ AC = 13
BC 5 AB 12
sin θ = = , cosθ = =
AC 13 AC 13

Math Class IX 5 Question Bank

 3
Q.9. If sin θ = , find the value of (cosec θ + cot θ).
2
BC 3
Ans. sin θ = = ∴ BC = 3 and AC = 2
AC 2
Now in ∆ABC,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ (2)2 = AB2 + ( 3)2 ⇒ 4 = AB2 + 3
⇒ AB2 = 4 − 3 = 1 = (1) 2 ∴ AB = 1
2 1
Now, cosec θ = , and cot θ =
3 3
2 1 3
∴ cosec θ + cot θ = + = = 3.
3 3 3
(5 sin θ − 2 cos θ)
Q.10. If 13 sin θ = 5, find the value of .
tan θ
5 BC 5
Ans. 13sin θ = 5 ⇒ sin θ = . But sin θ = =
13 AC 13
∴ BC = 5, AC = 13
Now in ∆ABC,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ (13)2 = AB2 + (5)2 ⇒ 169 = AB2 + 25
⇒ AB2 = 169 − 25 = 144 ⇒ AB2 = (12)2 ∴ AB = 12
AB 12 BC 5
Now cosθ = = , tan θ = =
AC 13 AB 12
5 12 25 24 1
5× − 2× −
5sin θ − 2cos θ 13 13 = 13 13 = 13 = 1 × 12 = 12
∴ =
tan θ 5 5 5 13 5 65
12 12 12

Math Class IX 6 Question Bank

 1  1 − cos 2θ  3
Q.11. If cot θ = , show that 2 
= .
3  2 − sin θ  5
1 Base 1 AB
Ans. cot θ = . But cot θ = = =
3 Perp. 3 BC
∴ AB = 1 and BC = 3
Now in ∆ABC,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 = (1)2 + ( 3)2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
= 1 + 3 = 4 = (2)2
∴ AC = 2
BC 3 AB 1
Now sin θ = = and cosθ = =
AC 2 AC 2
2
1 1 3
2 1−   1−
∴
1 − cos θ
=   =
2 4 = 4 = 3×4 = 3
2 2 3 5 4 5 5
2 − sin θ  3 2−
2−  4 4
 2 
5 sin A − cot A 1
Q.12. Given : cos A = . Evaluate : (i) (ii) cot A +
13 2 tan A cos A
Ans. In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
Base AB
cos A = =
Hypotenuse AC
5
Also, cos A =
13
Let, AB = 5 x units
AC = 13 x units
BC = AC2 − AB2 = (13 x )2 − (5 x )2
= 169 x 2 − 25 x 2 = 144 x 2 = 12 x units
BC 12 x 12 AB 5 x 5
sin A = = = , cot A = = =
AC 13x 13 BC 12 x 12
BC 12 x 12
tan A = = =
AB 5 x 5

Math Class IX 7 Question Bank

 12 5
−
sin A − cot A 13 12 144 − 65 79 5 395
= = = × =
2 tan A 12 156 156 24 3744
2×
5 24
5
5 5
(ii) cos A = also cot A =
13 12

1 5 1 5 13 25 + 156 181
cot A + = + = + = = .
cos A 12 5 12 5 60 60
13
13  2 sin θ − 3 cos θ 
Q.13. If sec θ = , show that   = 3.
5  4 sin θ − 9 cos θ) 
13 AC
Ans. secθ = = ∴ AC = 13, AB = 5
5 AB
Now in right ∆ABC,
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 ⇒ (13)2 = (5)2 + (BC)2
⇒ 169 = 25 + BC 2 ⇒ BC2 = 169 − 25 = 144 = (12)2
∴ BC = 12
BC 12 AB 5
Now, sin θ = = , cosθ = =
AC 13 AC 13
2sin θ − 3cosθ
Now LHS =
4sin θ − 9cosθ
12 5 24 15 9
2 × − 3× −
= 13 13 = 13 13 = 13 = 9 × 13 = 3
12 5 48 45 3 13 3
4× − 9× −
13 13 13 13 13
= RHS

Math Class IX 8 Question Bank

  3 sin θ + 2 cos θ 
Q.14. If 3 tan θ = 4, show that   = 3.
 3 sin θ − 2 cos θ 
4
Ans. 3tan θ = 4 ∴ tan θ =
3
sin θ cos θ
3sin θ + 2 cosθ 3 + 2
Now LHS = = cosθ cos θ = 3tan θ + 2
3sin θ − 2cos θ 3 sin θ − 2 cosθ 3tan θ − 2
cos θ cosθ

(Dividing numerator and denominator by cosθ )

Putting the value of 3tan θ = 4
4+2 6
= = = 3 = RHS
4−2 2
q  p sin θ − q cos θ   p 2 − q 2 
Q.15. If cot θ = , show that  = 2 2
.
p  p sin θ + q cos θ   p + q 
q
Ans. cot θ =
p
p sin θ − q cosθ
LHS =
p sin θ + q cosθ
sin θ cosθ
p −q
= sin θ sin θ (Dividing numerator and denominator by sin θ )
sin θ cosθ
p +q
sin θ sin θ
q q2
p −q× p−
p − q cot θ p p
= = =
p + q cot θ p + q×
q q2
p p +
p
p2 − q2 p p2 − q2
= × 2 = = RHS
p p + q2 p2 + q2

Math Class IX 9 Question Bank

 1 1 tan A − tan B
Q.16. If cos A = and sin B = , find the value of : .
2 2 1 + tan A tan B
1 Base
Ans. (i) cos A = =
2 Hypotenuse
AC 1
⇒ =
AB 2
∴ AC = 1, AB = 2
But AB2 = AC 2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ (2)2 = (1)2 + BC2 ⇒ 4 = 1 + BC 2
⇒ BC 2 = 4 − 1 = 3 ∴ BC = 3
BC 3
∴ tan A = = = 3
AC 1
1 Perpendicular AC
Again sin B = = = ∴ AC = 1, AB = 2
2 Hypotenuse AB
But AB2 = AC 2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ ( 2) = (1) + BC ⇒ 2 = 1 + BC 2
2 2 2

⇒ BC 2 = 2 − 1 = 1 = (1) 2 ∴ BC = 1
AC 1
∴ tan B = = =1
BC 1
tan A − tan B 3 −1 3 − 1 ( 3 − 1)(1 − 3) 3 − 3 −1+ 3
Now = = = =
1 + tan A tan B 1 + 3 × 1 1 + 3 (1 + 3)(1 − 3) 1− 3
2 3 − 4 2( 3 − 2)
= = = −( 3 − 2) = 2 − 3.
−2 −2
Q.17. Use the adjoining figure and write the values of :
(i) sin x° (ii) cos y° (iii) 3 tan x° − 2 sin y° + 4 cos y°
Ans. In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 ⇒ (17) 2 = AB2 + (8) 2
⇒ 289 = AB2 + 64 ⇒ AB2 = 289 − 64 = 225 = (15)2
∴ AB = 15 cm
and in ∆BCD, ∠B = 90°
CD 2 = BD 2 + BC2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)

Math Class IX 10 Question Bank

 = (6)2 + (8)2 = 36 + 64 = 100 = (10)2
∴ CD = 10 cm
BC 8 BD 6
(i) sin x° = = (ii) cos y ° = =
AC 17 CD 10
BC 8 BC 8 4
(iii) tan x° = = , sin y° = = =
AB 15 CD 10 5
8 4 3 8 8 12 12 2
∴ 3tan x° − 2sin y ° + 4 cos y ° = 3 × − 2 × + 4 × = − + = =2 .
15 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Q.18. Using the adjoining figure, calculate the values of :
(i) cos θ (ii) tan φ (iii) cosec φ
Ans. Draw CE ⊥ AD
∴ EC = AB and AE = BC = 5 units
and DE = AD − AE = 14 − 5 = 9 units
In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 ⇒ (13)2 = AB2 + (5)2
⇒ 169 = AB2 + 25 ⇒ AB2 = 169 − 25 = 144 = (12)2
∴ AB = 12 units . Hence, EC = 12 units
In ∆DEC, DC 2 = DE 2 + EC2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
= (9)2 + (12)2 = 81 + 144 = 225 = (15)2
∴ DC = 15 units
AB 12
Now (i) cosθ = =
AC 13
CE 12 4
(ii) tan φ = = =
ED 9 3
CD 15 5
(iii) cosec φ = = =
CE 12 4
Q.19. If (tan θ + cot θ) = 5, find the value of (tan 2θ + cot 2θ).
Ans. tan θ + cot θ = 5
Squaring both sides, we get
(tan θ + cot θ )2 = (5) 2
⇒ tan 2 θ + cot 2 θ + 2 tan θ cot θ = 25 {∵ (a + b)2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2ab}
1
⇒ tan 2 θ + cot 2 θ + 2 tan θ × = 25 ⇒ tan 2 θ + cot 2 θ + 2 = 25
tan θ

Math Class IX 11 Question Bank

 ⇒ tan 2 θ + cot 2 θ = 25 − 2 = 23
5
Q.20. If (cos θ + sec θ) = , find the value of (cos 2θ + sec 2θ).
2
5
Ans. (cos θ + secθ ) =
2
Squaring both sides, we get
2
5
(cosθ + sec θ ) =  
2
25
cos2 θ + sec2 θ + 2cos θ secθ = {∵ (a + b)2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2ab}
4
1 25
⇒ cos2 θ + sec 2 θ + 2cosθ × =
cosθ 4
25 17
⇒ cos2 θ + sec 2 θ + 2 = ⇒ cos2 θ + sec 2 θ = .
4 4
Q.21. In the given figure, ∆ABC is right angled at B. If
3
AC = 20 cm and tan A = , find the lengths of AB and BC.
4
Ans. In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
3
AC = 20 cm, tan A =
4
BC 3 3 x
But tan A = = = ∴ BC = 3 x cm and AB = 4 x cm
AB 4 4 x
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 ⇒ (20)2 = (4 x )2 + (3 x )2
400
⇒ 400 = 16 x 2 + 9 x 2 = 25 x 2 ∴ x2 = = 16 = (4)2
25
∴ x=4
Hence, AB = 4 x = 4 × 4 = 16 cm and BC = 3 x = 3 × 4 = 12 cm.
2x
Q.22. If cos θ = , find the values of sin θ and tan θ in terms of x.
1 + x2
2x Base AB
Ans. cosθ = 2
= =
1+ x Hypotenuse AC
∴ AB = 2x and AC = 1 + x 2
Now in ∆ABC,

Math Class IX 12 Question Bank

 AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ (1 + x ) = (2 x) + BC ⇒ 1 + 2 x 2 + x 4 = 4 x 2 + BC2
2 2 2 2

⇒ BC 2 = 1 + 2 x 2 + x 4 − 4 x 2 = 1 − 2x 2 + x 4
⇒ BC 2 = (1 − x 2 )2 ⇒ BC2 = ( x2 − 1) 2
∴ BC = x 2 − 1
x 2 − 1 x2 − 1 ( x 2 − 1)
Now sin θ = = , tan θ =
1 + x2 x 2 + 1 2x
1
Q.23. If tan x = 1 , find the value of 4 sin 2 x − 3 cos2 x + 2.
3
1 4 Perpendicular BC
Ans. tan x = 1 = = =
3 3 Base AB
∴ BC = 4, AB = 3
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
= (3)2 + (4)2 = 9 + 16 = 25 = (5)2
∴ AC = 5
BC 4 AB 3
∴ sin x = = and cos x = =
AC 5 AC 5
2 2
4 3
∴ 4sin 2 x − 3cos 2 x + 2 = 4   − 3   + 2
5 5
16 9
= 4 × − 3× + 2
25 25
64 27
= − +2
25 25
64 − 27 + 50 87 12
= = =3 .
25 25 25
Q.24. If cosec θ = 5, find the value of :
1 cos2θ
(i) 2 − sin 2θ − cos 2θ (ii) 2 + − .
sin 2θ sin 2θ
5 Hyp. AC
Ans. cosec θ = = =
1 Perp. BC
∴ AC = 5, BC = 1

Math Class IX 13 Question Bank

 But AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
2 2 2 2
⇒ ( 5) = AB + (1) ⇒ 5 = AB + 1
⇒ AB2 = 5 − 1 = 4 = (2)2 ∴ AB = 2
BC 1 AB 2
Now sin θ = = , cos θ = =
AC 5 AC 5
2 2
2 2  1   2  1 4 10 − 1 − 4 5
(i) 2 − sin θ − cos θ = 2 −   −  = 2− 5 − 5 = = = 1.
 5  5 5 5
2
 2  4
2  
1
(ii) 2 + 2 −
cos θ
= 2 +
1
−  5  = 2+ − 5 = 2+ 5 − 4×5
1
sin θ sin 2 θ  1 
2
 1 
2 1 1 1 5 1
    5 5
 5  5
= 2 + 5 − 4 = 7 − 4 = 3.
3 cos2 A + 5 tan 2 A
Q.25. If sec A = 2, find the value of .
4 tan 2 A − sin 2 A
2
Ans. sec A = 2 =
1
Hyp. AC 2
= =
Base AB 1
∴ AC = 2, AB = 1
But AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ ( 2)2 = (1)2 + (BC)2 ⇒ 2 = 1 + BC 2
⇒ BC2 = 2 − 1 = (1) 2 ∴ BC = 1
1 1 BC 1 BC 1
cos A = = , sin A = = , tan A = = =1
sec A 2 AC 2 AB 1
2
 1 
2 2 3  + 5 × (1)2
= 
3cos A + 5 tan A 2
∴ 2 2 2
4 tan A − sin A 2  1 
4 × (1) −  
 2

Math Class IX 14 Question Bank

 1 3 13
3 × + 5 ×1 +5
2 13 2 13 6
= = 2 = 2 = × = =1 .
1 1 7 2 7 7 7
4 ×1 − 4−
2 2 2
x y cos θ − x sin θ
Q.26. If tan θ = , find the value of .
y x sin θ − y cos θ
x Perp. BC
Ans. tan θ = = =
y Base AB
∴ BC = x, AB = y . But AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2
⇒ AC2 = y 2 + x 2 ⇒ AC = x 2 + y 2
BC x AB y
Now sin θ = = , cosθ = =
AC x2 + y 2 AC x2 + y 2
y x
y· + x·
y cos θ + x sin θ x2 + y 2 x2 + y2
=
x sin θ − y cosθ x· x y
− y·
x2 + y 2 x2 + y 2
y2 x2
+
x2 + y2 x2 + y 2 y 2 + x2 x2 + y 2
= = ×
x2 y2 x2 + y2 x2 − y2
−
x2 + y 2 x2 + y 2
y 2 + x2 x2 + y 2
= = .
x2 − y2 x2 − y2
Q.27. If cot θ = 1, find the value of : 5 tan 2θ + 2 sin 2θ − 3.
Base AB 1
Ans. cot θ = 1 = = =
Perp. BC 1
∴ AB = 1, BC = 1
But AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
2 2 2
AC = (1) + (1) = 1 + 1 = 2
∴ AC = 2

Math Class IX 15 Question Bank

 1 1 BC 1
Now tan θ = = = 1 , sin θ = =
cot θ 1 AC 2
2
2 2 2 1  1
5 tan θ + 2sin θ − 3 = 5(1) + 2   − 3 = 5 × 1 + 2 × 2 − 3 = 5 + 1 − 3 = 3.
 2
Q.28. In the following figure, AD ⊥ BC, AC = 26, CD = 10, BC = 42,
∠DAC = x, ∠B = y, find the value of :
1 1
(i) cot x (ii) 2
−
sin y tan 2 y
Ans. In ∆ABC, AD ⊥ BC
AC = 26, CD = 10, BC = 42
∴ BD = BC − CD = 42 − 10 = 32
In ∆ACD,
AC 2 = CD 2 + AD 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
⇒ (26)2 = (10)2 + AD 2 ⇒ 676 = 100 + AD2 ⇒ AD 2 = 576
∴ AD = 24
AD 24 AD 24 12
Now cot x = = = 2.4, cos x = = =
CD 10 AC 26 13
In ∆ADB,
AB2 = AD 2 + BD 2
= (24)2 + (32)2 = 576 + 1024 = 1600 = (40)2
∴ AB = 40
AD 24 3 BD 32 4 AD 24 3
sin y = = = , cos y = = = , tan y = = =
AB 40 5 AB 40 5 BD 32 4
(i) cot x = 2.4
1 1 1 1 1 1 25 16 9
(ii) 2
− 2
= 2
− 2
= − = − = = 1.
sin y tan y  3   3 9 9 9 9 9
    25 16
5  4
Q.29. In the following figure, BD = 18, DC = 24, AC = 50, ∠A = x, ∠BCD = y
and ∠ABC = 90° = ∠BDC find :
(i) 2 tan x − sin y (ii) 3 − 2cos x + 3cot y
(iii) 5 − 3tan 2 x + 3sec 2 x (iv) 2 cot 2 y − 2cosec 2 y + 3
Ans. In ∆BCD, ∠D = 90°

Math Class IX 16 Question Bank

 BC 2 = BD 2 + CD 2
= (18)2 + (24)2 = 324 + 576 = 900 = (30)2
∴ BC = 30
In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 ⇒ (50)2 = AB2 + (30)2
⇒ 2500 = AB2 + 900 ⇒ AB2 = 2500 − 900 = 1600 = (40)2
∴ AB = 40
BC 30 3 AB 40 4
sin x = = = , cos x = = =
AC 50 5 AC 50 5
BC 30 3 1 5
tan x = = = , sec x = =
AB 40 4 cos x 4
BD 18 3 CD 24 4
sin y = = = , cot y = = =
BC 30 5 BD 18 3
1 5
cosec y = =
sin y 3
3 3 3 3 15 − 6 9
(i) 2 tan x − sin y = 2 × − = − = =
4 5 2 5 10 10
4 4 8 8 35 − 8 27 2
(ii) 3 − 2cos x + 3cot y = 3 − 2 × + 3 × = 3 − + 4 = 7 − = = =5
5 3 5 5 5 5 3
2 2
3 5 9 25
(iii) 5 − 3tan 2 x + 3sec 2 x = 5 − 3 ×   +3   = 5 − 3 × + 3 ×
4 4 16 16
27 75 80 − 27 + 75 155 − 27 128
=5− + = = = =8
16 16 16 16 16
2 2
2 2 4 5
(iv) 2 cot y − 2 cosec y + 3 = 2   − 2   + 3
3  3
16 25 32 50
= 2× − 2× + 3 = − +3
9 9 9 9
32 − 50 + 27 59 − 50 9
= = = = 1.
9 9 9

Math Class IX 17 Question Bank

Q.30. In an isosceles triangle ABC; AB = AC = 10 cm and BC = 18 cm.
Find the value of : (i) sin 2B + cos2C (ii) tan 2C − sec 2B + 2
Ans. Draw AD ⊥ BC which bisects BC
18
∴ BD = DC = = 9 cm
2
In ∆ABD,
AB2 = BD 2 + AD 2
⇒ (10) 2 = (9)2 + AD2
⇒ 100 = 81 + AD 2
⇒ AD 2 = 100 − 81 = 19 ⇒ AD = 19
AD 19 AB 10
sin B = = , sec B = =
AB 10 BD 9
CD 9 AD 19
cos C = = , tan C = =
AC 10 DC 9
2
2 2  19   9  2 19 81 100
(i) sin B + cos C =   +  = + = = 1.
 10   10  100 100 100

2 2  19   10  2 19 100 19 − 100 + 162

(ii) tan C − sec B + 2 =  −  +2 = − +2 =
 9  9 81 81 81
181 − 100 81
= = = 1.
81 81
Q.31. In rhombus ABCD, diagonals AC and BD intersect each other at point O.
If cosine of angle CAB is 0.6 and OB = 8 cm, find the length of the side and
the diagonals of the rhombus.
Ans. cos ∠CAB = 0.6
6 3 OA
= = =
10 5 AB
Let OA = 3x, AB = 5 x
In ∆AOB,
AB2 = AO 2 + OB2 ⇒ (5 x) 2 = (3x)2 + OB2
⇒ 25 x2 = 9 x 2 + OB2
⇒ OB2 = 25 x 2 − 9 x 2 = 16 x 2 = (4 x)2 ∴ OB = 4x

Math Class IX 18 Question Bank

 8 8
But, OB = 8 cm ⇒ 4 x = 8 cm ⇒ x = cm ∴ OA = × 3 = 6 cm
4 4
8
and AB = × 5 = 10 cm
4
Hence, each side = 10 cm and diagonal AC = 2OA = 2 × 6 = 12 cm and diagonal
BD = 2OB = 2 × 8 = 16 cm.
Q.32. If sin A = cos A, find the value of 2 tan 2 A − 2sec 2 A + 5.
sin A
Ans. sin A = cos A ⇒ = 1 ⇒ tan A = 1
cos A
∴ 2 tan 2 A − 2sec2 A + 5 = 2 tan 2 A − 2 (1 + tan 2 A) + 5 (∵ sec2 A = 1 + tan 2 A)
= 2 tan 2 A − 2 − 2 tan 2 A + 5 = −2 + 5 = 3.
Q.33. In rectangle ABCD, diagonal BD = 26 cm and cotangent of angle ABD =
1.5. Find the area and the perimeter of the rectangle ABCD.
Ans. In rectangle ABCD, diagonal BD = 26 cm
15 3
cot (∠ABD) = 1.5 = =
10 2
3 AB
⇒ cot θ = =
2 DA
∴ AB = 3, DA = 2
In ∆ABD,
BD 2 = AB2 + AD 2 = (3)2 + (2)2 = 9 + 4 = 13
∴ BD = 13
If BD = 13, then AB = 3
3 × 26 78
If BD = 26, then AB = = cm
13 13
2 52
and AD = × 26 = cm
13 13
Area of ABCD = AB × AD
78 52 78 × 52
= × = = 312 cm 2
13 13 13
 78 52 
Perimeter of rectangle ABCD, = 2 (l + b) = 2  + 
 13 13 

Math Class IX 19 Question Bank

 130 260 × 13 260 13
= 2× = = = 20 13 cm
13 13 × 13 13
Q.34. If 2 sin x = 3, evaluate: (i) 4 sin 3 x − 3 sin x (ii) 3 cos x − 4 cos 3 x
Ans. 2sin x = 3
2
3  3 3 4−3 1 1
⇒ sin x = ⇒ cos x = 1 − sin 2 x = 1 −   = 1− = = =
2  2  4 4 4 2
(i) 4sin 3 x − 3sin x = sin x (4sin 2 x − 3)
 2 
3   3  = 3  4 × 3 − 3  = 3 (3 − 3) = 3 × 0 = 0.
= 4  − 3
2   2   2  4  2 2
 
(ii) 3cos x − 4cos3 x = cos x (3 − 4 cos 2 x)
1 
2
 1
1 1 1 1
= 3 − 4 ×  
 =  3 − 4 ×  = (3 − 1) = × 2 = 1.
2   2
 2  4 2 2
Q.35. Use the informations given in the following figure to evaluate :
10 6
+ − 6cot y
sin x sin y
Ans. In ∆ADC, we get
AC 2 = AD 2 + DC2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
2 2 2
⇒ 20 = 12 + DC
⇒ 400 = 144 + DC 2
⇒ DC 2 = 400 − 144 = 256 = (16)2
∴ DC = 16
But BC = 21
∴ BD = BC − DC = 21 − 16 = 5
In ∆ADB,
AB2 = AD 2 + BD 2
= (12)2 + (5)2 = 144 + 25 = 169 = (13)2
∴ AB = 13
BD 5 AD 12 3 CD 16 4
sin x = = , sin y = = = , cot y = = =
AB 13 AC 20 5 AD 12 3

Math Class IX 20 Question Bank

 10 6 10 6  4  10 × 13 6 × 5 4
Now + − 6cot y = + −6  = + − 6×
sin x sin y 5 3 3 5 3 3
13 5
= 26 + 10 − 8 = 36 − 8 = 28.
Q.36. Without using tables; find the value of :
(i) tan 2 30° + tan 2 45° + tan 2 60°
tan 45° sec 60° 5 sin 90°
(ii) + −
cosec 30° cot 45° 2 cos 0°
sin 30° − sin 90° + 2 cos 0°
(iii)
tan 30° × tan 60°
5 sin 2 30° + cos2 45° − 4 tan 2 30°
(iv)
2 sin 30° cos 30° + tan 45°
tan 2 60° + 4 cos 2 45° + sec2 30° + 5 cos 2 90°
(v)
cosec 30° + sec 60° − cot 2 30°
(vi) 4 (sin4 30° + cos4 60°) − 3 (cos2 45° − sin2 90°)
Ans. (i) tan 2 30° + tan 2 45° + tan 2 60° = (tan 30°)2 + (tan 45°)2 + (tan 60°)2
2
 1  2 2 1 1 + 3 + 9 13 1
=  + (1) + ( 3) = 3 + 1 + 3 = = =4
 3 3 3 3
tan 45° sec 60° 5sin 90° 1 2 5 × 1 1 2 5 1 + 4 − 5 0
(ii) + − = + − = + − = = = 0.
cosec 30° cot 45° 2cos 0° 2 1 2 × 1 2 1 2 2 2
1 1
sin 30° − sin 90° + 2cos 0° 2 − 1 + 2 × 1 −1+ 2 1 3
(iii) = = 2 = +1 = .
tan 30°× tan 60° 1 1 2 2
× 3
3
2 2 2
1  1   1 
2 2 2 5×  +   −4 
(iv)
5sin 30° + cos 45° − 4 tan 30°
=  2  2   3
2sin 30° cos 30° + tan 45° 1 3
2× × +1
2 2

Math Class IX 21 Question Bank

 1 1 1 5 1 4
5× + − 4× + −
= 4 2 3 =4 2 3
1 3 3
2× × +1 +1
2 2 2
15 + 6 − 16
12 5 2 5
= = × = .
3+2 12 2 + 3 6 (2 + 3)
2
2 2
 1   2 
2 2 2 2 ( 3)2 + 4   +  + 5× 0
(v)
tan 60° + 4 cos 45° + sec 30° + 5cos 90°
=  2  3
cosec 30° + sec 60° − cot 2 30° 2 + 2 − ( 3) 2
1 4 4
3 + 4× + + 0 3 + 2 +
= 2 3 = 3
4−3 1
4 15 + 4 19 1
= 5+ = = =6 .
3 3 3 3
4 4 2 2
(iv) 4 (sin 30° + cos 60°) − 3 (cos 45° − sin 90°)
 1  4  1 4   1  2 
2
= 4   +    − 3   − (1) 
 2   2    2  
1 1 1  1  1 1 3 4
= 4  +  − 3  − 1 = 4 × − 3  −  = + = = 2.
16 16  2  8  2 2 2 2
Q.37. Verify each of the following :
(i) cos 60° cos 30° − sin 60° sin 30° = 0.
(ii) cos 60° = (1 − 2 sin 2 30°) = (2 cos 2 30° − 1)
 tan 60° − tan 30° 
(iii) tan 30° =  
 1 + tan 60° tan 30° 
2
 tan 60° + 1  1 + cos 30°
(iv)   =
 tan 60° − 1  1 − cos 30°
Ans. (i) LHS = cos60° cos30° − sin 60° sin 30°
1 3 3 1
= × − ×
2 2 2 2

Math Class IX 22 Question Bank

 3 3
= − = 0 = RHS
4 4
1
(ii) LHS = cos 60° =
2
2
2 1 1 1 1
1 − 2sin 30° = 1 − 2 ×   = 1 − 2 × = 1 − =
2 4 2 2
2
2  3 3 3 1
2 cos 30° − 1 = 2 ×   −1 = 2 × −1 = − 1 =
 2  4 2 2
1
(iii) LHS = tan 30° =
3
1
3−
tan 60° − tan 30° 3 = 3 −1
RHS = =
1 + tan 60° tan 30° 1 + 3 × 1 3
3 1+1
2
2 1 1
= 3 = × = . Hence, LHS = RHS
2 3 2 3
2
 tan 60° + 1 
(iv) LHS =  
 tan 60° − 1 
2
 3 +1 3 + 1 + 2 3 4 + 2 3 2 (2 + 3)
=  = = = ...(i)
 3 − 1  3 + 1 − 2 3 4 − 2 3 2 (2 − 3)
2+ 3
=
2− 3
1 + cos30°
RHS =
1 − cos 30°
3 2+ 3
1+
= 2 = 2 = 2+ 3 × 2 = 2+ 3 ...(ii)
3 2− 3 2 2− 3 2− 3
1−
2 2
From eqn. (i) and (ii), we get
∴ LHS = RHS

Math Class IX 23 Question Bank

Q.38. Without using tables, prove that :
2 tan 30° 1 − tan 2 30°
(i) sin (2 × 30°) = (ii) cos (2 × 30°) =
1 + tan2 30° 1 + tan 2 30°
2 tan30°
(iii) tan (2 × 30°) =
1 − tan 2 30°
2 tan 30°
Ans. (i) sin (2 × 30°) =
1 + tan 2 30°
3
LHS = sin (2 × 30°) = sin 60° =
2
1 2 2 2
2×
2 tan 30° 3 3 = 3 = 3 = 2 ×3
RHS = = =
1 + tan 2 30°  1 
2
1+
1 3 +1 4 3 4
1+   3 3 3
 3
3 3× 3 3
= = =
2 3 2 3× 3 2
∴ LHS = RHS
1 − tan 2 30°
(ii) cos (2 × 30°) =
1 + tan 2 30°
1
LHS = cos (2 × 30°) = cos 60° =
2
2
 1  1 3 −1 2
2 1−   1−
RHS =
1 − tan 30°
=  3  = 3 = 3 = 3 = 2×3 = 2 = 1
1 + tan 2 30°  1 
2
1+
1 3 +1 4 3 4 4 2
1+   3 3 3
 3
LHS = RHS
1 − tan 2 30°
∴ cos (2 × 30°) = .
1 + tan 2 30°
2 tan 30°
(iii) tan (2 × 30°) =
1 − tan 2 30°
LHS = tan (2 × 30°) = tan 60° = 3

Math Class IX 24 Question Bank

 1 2
2×
2 tan 30° 3
RHS = 2
= 2
= 3
1 − tan 30°  1  1
1−  1−
 3
 3
2 2
2 3 3 3
= 3 = 3 = × = × = 3
3 −1 2 3 2 3 3
3 3
∴ LHS = RHS
2 tan 30°
∴ tan (2 × 30°) = .
1 − tan 2 30°
Q.39. If A = 45°, verify that
(i) sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
(ii) cos 2A = (2cos2 A − 1) = (1 − 2sin 2 A)
Ans. (i) LHS = sin 2 A = sin (2 × 45°) = sin 90° = 1
RHS = 2sin A cos A
1 1 1
= 2 × sin 45° cos 45° = 2 × × = 2× =1
2 2 2
Hence, LHS = RHS
(ii) cos 2 A = cos (2 × 45°) = cos 90° = 0 and 2 cos 2 A − 1 = 2cos 2 45° − 1
2
 1  1
=2  −1 = 2 × 2 −1 = 1−1 = 0
 2
2
2 2  1  1
Again, 1 − 2sin A = 1 − 2sin 45° = 1 − 2   = 1− 2 × 2 = 1−1 = 0
 2
Hence, cos 2 A = (2cos2 A − 1) = (1 − 2sin 2 A)
Q.40. If A = 30°, prove that
2 tan A  1 − tan 2 A 
(i) sin 2A = (ii) cos 2A =  2 
.
(1 + tan 2 A)  1 + tan A 
3
Ans. (i) LHS = sin 2 A = sin (2 × 30°) = sin 60° =
2

Math Class IX 25 Question Bank

 1 2 2
2×
2 tan A 2 tan 30° 3 2 3 3
RHS = 2
= 2
= 2
= 3 = 3 = × = .
1 + tan A 1 + tan 30°  1  1 4 3 4 2
1+  1+
 3 3
 3
Hence, LHS = RHS
1
(ii) LHS = cos 2 A = cos (2 × 30°) = cos 60° =
2
2
 1  1 2
2 2 1−   1−
RHS =
1 − tan A 1 − tan 30°
= =  3 = 3 = 3 = 2× 3 = 1.
2 2 2 1 4 3 4 2
1 + tan A 1 + tan 30°  1  1+
1+   3 3
 3
Hence, LHS = RHS.
Q.41. If A = B = 45°, show that :
(i) sin (A − B) = sin A cos B − cos A sin B.
(ii) cos (A + B) = cos A cos B − sin A sin B.
Ans. Given A = B = 45°
(i) LHS = sin ( A − B ) = sin (45° − 45°) = sin 0° = 0 (zero)
RHS = sin A cos B − cos A sin B
= sin 45° cos 45° − cos 45° sin 45°
1 1 1 1 1 1
= × − × = − =0
2 2 2 2 2 2
∴ LHS = RHS
(ii) LHS = cos ( A + B ) = cos (45° + 45°) = cos90° = 0
RHS = cos A cos B − sin A sin B
1 1 1 1 1 1
= cos 45° cos 45° − sin 45° sin 45° = × − × = − =0
2 2 2 2 2 2
∴ LHS = RHS
Q.42. If A = 60° and B = 30°, show that :
(sin A cos B + cos A sin B)2 + (cos A cos B − sin A sin B) 2 = 1.
Ans. We are given A = 60° and B = 30°
LHS = (sin A cos B + cos A sin B )2 + (cos A cos B − sin A sin B )2
= (sin 60° cos30° + cos 60° sin 30°)2 − (cos60° cos30° − sin 60° sin 30°) 2

Math Class IX 26 Question Bank

 2 2 2 2
 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 1  3 3
= × + ×  − × − ×  =  +  − − 
 2 2 2 2  2 2 2 2  4 4  4 4 
= (1)2 − (0) 2 = 12 = 1 = RHS.
Q.43. If A = 60° and B = 30°, prove that :
(i) sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B.
(ii) cos (A + B) = cos A cos B − sin A sin B.
(iii) cos (A − B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B.
tan A − tan B
(iv) tan (A − B) = .
1 + tan A tan B
Ans. We are given A = 60° and B = 30°
(i) LHS = sin ( A + B ) = sin (60° + 30°) = sin 90° = 1
RHS = sin A cos B + cos A sin B = sin 60° cos 30° + cos 60° sin 30°
3 3 1 1 3 1
= × + × = + =1
2 2 2 2 4 4
∴ LHS = RHS
(ii) LHS = cos ( A + B ) = cos (60° + 30°) = cos 90° = 0
RHS = cos A cos B − sin A sin B = cos 60° cos30° − sin 60° sin 30°
1 3 3 1 3 3
= × − × = − =0
2 2 2 2 4 4
∴ LHS = RHS
3
(iii) LHS = cos ( A − B ) = cos (60° − 30°) = cos 30° =
2
RHS = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
1 3 3 1 3 3
= cos60° cos30° + sin 60° sin 30° = × + × = +
2 2 2 2 4 4
2 3 3
= = .
4 2
∴ LHS = RHS
1
(iv) LHS = tan ( A − B ) = tan (60° − 30°) ⇒ tan 30° =
3
tan A − tan B tan 60° − tan 30°
RHS = =
1 + tan A tan B 1 + tan 60° tan 30°

Math Class IX 27 Question Bank

 1 3 −1 2
3−
= 3 = 3 = 3 = 2 = 1
1 1 +1 2 3×2 3
1+ 3 ×
3
∴ LHS = RHS
cos 3A + 2 cos 4A
Q.44. Evaluate : , when A = 15°.
sin 3A + 2 sin 4A
Ans. A = 15°
cos 3 A + 2cos 4 A cos (3 × 15°) + 2cos (4 × 15°) cos 45° + 2cos 60°
= =
sin 3 A + 2sin 4 A sin (3 × 15°) + 2sin (4 × 15°) sin 45° + 2sin 60°
1 1 1
+ 2× +1
2 2 2
= =
1 3 1 3
+ 2× +
2 2 2 1
1+ 2
= 2 = 1+ 2 × 2
=
1+ 2
.
1+ 6 2 1+ 6 1+ 6
2
3 sin 3A + 2 cos (2A + 5°)
Q.45. Evaluate : , when A = 20°.
2 cos 3A − sin (2A − 10°)
3sin 3 A + 2cos (2 A + 5°) 3sin (3 × 20°) + 2cos (2 × 20° + 5°)
Ans. = [∵ A = 20°]
2cos3 A − sin (2 A − 10°) 2 cos (3 × 20°) − sin (2 × 20° − 10°)
3sin 60 + 2cos (40° + 5°) 3sin 60° + 2cos 45°
= =
2cos 60° − sin (40° − 10°) 2cos 60° − sin 30°
3× 3 1 3 3 2 3 6 +4
+ 2× +
2 2 = 2 2 = 2 2
=
1 1 1 1
2× − 1−
2 2 2 2
2 (3 6 + 4) (3 6 + 4) 2 3 6 + 4 (3 6 + 4) × 2
= = = =
2 2 2 2 2 2× 2
3 6 × 2 + 4 2 3 12 + 4 2 3 × 4 × 3 + 4 2 3 × 2 3 + 4 2
= = = =
2× 2 2 2 2

Math Class IX 28 Question Bank

 2 (3 3 + 2 2)
= = 3 3 + 2 2.
2
Q.46. Show that 4 (sin4 30° + cos4 60°) − 3 (cos2 45° − sin2 90°) = 2.
Ans. LHS = 4 (sin 4 30° + cos4 60°) − 3 (cos 2 45° − sin 2 90°)
 1  4  1 4   1  2 
2
= 4   +    − 3   − (1) 
 2   2    2  
1 1 1  2  1
= 4  +  − 3  − 1 = 4 × − 3 ×  − 
16 16  2  16  2
1 3 4
= + = = 2 = RHS
2 2 2
Q.47. If 0° ≤ x ≤ 90°, state the numerical value of x for which sin x° = cos x°.
Ans. ∵ sin x° = cos x°
sin x° cos x°
⇒ = ⇒ tan x° = 1 = tan 45°
cos x° cos x°
⇒ x° = 45° or x = 45.
Q.48. (i) If sin x = cos x and x is acute, state the value of x .
(ii) If sec A = cosec A and 0° ≤ A ≤ 90°, state the value of A.
(iii) If tan θ = cot θ and 0° ≤ θ ≤ 90°, state the value of θ.
(iv) If sin x = cos y; write the relation between x and y, if both the angles x
and y are acute.
Ans. (i) sin x = cos x
sin x
⇒ = 1 ⇒ tan x = 1 ∴ tan x = tan 45°
cos x
or x = 45°
(ii) sec A = cosec A
1 1 sin A
= ⇒ = 1 ⇒ tan A = 1 ∴ 0° ≤ A ≤ 90°
cos A sin A cos A
∴ tan A = tan 45° or A = 45°
(iii) tan θ = cot θ
1
⇒ tan θ = ⇒ tan 2 θ = 1
tan θ
tan θ = ± 1 i.e. tan θ = ±1

Math Class IX 29 Question Bank

 But, 0° ≤ θ ≤ 90° ⇒ tan θ = 1
⇒ tan θ = tan 45° ∴ θ = 45°
(iv) sin x = cos y ⇒ sin x = sin (90° − y )
∴ x = 90° − y or x + y = 90°
Q.49. (i) If sin x = cos y, then x + y = 45°; write true or false.
(ii) sec θ cot θ = cosec θ; write true or false.
(iii) For any angle θ , state the value of : sin 2θ + cos 2θ.
Ans. (i) ∵ sin x = cos y
sin x = sin (90° − y ) ⇒ x = 90° − y
x + y = 90°
Hence, given statement is false.
(ii) secθ ·cot θ = cosec θ
1 cos θ 1
LHS = secθ ·cot θ = · = = cosec θ =RHS
cosθ sin θ sin θ
Hence, given statement is true.
(iii) Consider the right angled ∆OMP in which ∠POM = θ
PM OM
∴ sin θ = , cosθ =
OP OP
2 2
2 2  PM   OM 
∴ sin θ + cos θ =   + 
 OP   OP 
PM 2 OM 2 PM 2 + OM 2 OP 2
= + = = [Using Pythagoras Theorem]
OP 2 OP 2 OP 2 OP 2
=1
2 2
∴ sin θ + cos θ = 1
Q.50. State for any acute angle θ whether :
(i) sin θ increases or decreases as θ increases.
(ii) cos θ increases or decreases as θ increases.
(iii) tan θ increases or decreases as θ decreases.
Ans. (i) when θ = 0° , then sin 0° = 0
when θ = 90° , then sin 90° = 1
Hence, value of sin θ increases from 0 to 1 as θ increases from 0° to 90°.
(ii) For θ = 0° ⇒ cos 0° = 1
For θ = 90° ⇒ cos 90° = 0
Hence, value of cosθ decreases from 1 to 0 as θ increases from 0° to 90°.

Math Class IX 30 Question Bank

 (iii) For θ = 90° ⇒ tan 90° = ∞
For θ = 0 ⇒ tan 0° = 0
Hence, the value of tan θ decreases from ∞ to 0 as θ decreases fro 90° to 0°.
Hence, (i) increasing, (ii) decreasing and (iii) decreasing.
Q.51. If 3 = 1.732, find (correct to two decimal places) the value of each the
following:
2
(i) sin 60° (ii)
tan 30°
3 1.732
Ans. (i) sin 60° = = = 0.866 = 0.87 (correct to 2 decimal places)
2 2
2 2
(ii) = = 2 3 = 2 × 1.732 = 3.464 = 3.46 (correct to 2 decimal places)
tan 30° 1
3
3x
Q.52. If x = 20°, evaluate : 12 sin cos 3x + 5 tan (2x + 5°) − 3cot 2 3x.
2
Ans. x = 20°
3x
Now 12sin cos 3 x + 5 tan (2 x + 5°) − 3cot 2 3 x
2
3 × 20°
= 12sin cos 3 × 20° + 5 tan (2 × 20° + 5°) − 3cot 2 (3 × 20°)
2
= 12sin 30° cos 60° + 5 tan 45° − 3cot 2 60°
2
1 1  1 
= 12 × × + 5 × 1 − 3   = 3 + 5 − 1 = 7.
2 2  3
Q.53. Without using trigonometric tables, evaluate the following:
2 2
 sin 49°   cos 41°   cot 40°  1  cos 35° 
(i)   +  (ii)  −  
 cos 41°   sin 49°   tan 50°  2  sin 55° 
2 2 2 2
 sin 49°   cos 41°   sin (90° − 41°)   cos (90° − 49°) 
Ans. (i)   +  =  +  
 cos 41°   sin 49°   cos 41° sin 49°
2 2
 cos 41°   sin 49°  2 2
=  +  = (1) + (1) = 1 + 1 = 2.
 cos 41 °   sin 49° 
cot 40° 1  cos 35°  cot (90° − 50°) 1 cos (90° − 55°)
(ii) −  = −
tan 50° 2  sin 35°  tan 50° 2 sin 55°

Math Class IX 31 Question Bank

 tan 50° 1 sin 55° 1 1 1
= − = 1 − ×1 = 1 − = .
tan 50° 2 sin 55° 2 2 2
Q.54. Without using trigonometric tables, prove that :
(i) cos 72° − sin 18° = 0 (ii) sin 2 56° − cos2 34° = 0
(iii) sin 2 48° + sin2 42° = 1 (iv) cos 2 75° + cos 2 15° = 1
Ans. (i) LHS = cos 72° − sin18°
= cos (90° − 18°) − sin18°
= sin18° − sin18° = 0 = RHS
(ii) LHS = sin 2 56° − cos 2 34° = sin 2 (90° − 34°) − cos2 34°
= cos2 34° − cos2 34° = 0 = RHS
(iii) LHS = sin 2 48° + sin 2 42° = sin 2 (90° − 42°) + sin 2 42°
= cos2 42° + sin 2 42° = 1 = RHS
(iv) LHS = cos2 75° + cos 2 15° = cos2 (90° − 15°) + cos2 15°
= sin 2 15° + cos2 15° = 1 = RHS
Q.55. Without using trigonometric tables, prove that :
(i) sin 20° cos 70° + cos 20° sin 70° = 1
(ii) cos 64° cos 26° − sin 64° sin 26° = 0
Ans. (i) LHS = sin 20° cos 70° + cos 20° sin 70°
= sin 20° cos (90° − 20°) + cos 20° sin (90° − 20°)
= sin 20° sin 20° + cos 20° cos 20°
= sin 2 20° + cos 2 20° = 1 = RHS
(ii) LHS = cos64° cos 26° − sin 64° sin 26°
= cos (90° − 26°) cos 26° − sin (90° − 26°)sin 26°
= sin 26° cos 26° − cos 26° sin 26° = 0 = RHS
Q.56. Without using the trigonometric table, prove that :
cos 81° cos 14°
(i) + =2
sin 9° sin 76°
2 2
 sin 47°   cos 43°  2
(ii)   +  − 4 cos 45° = 0
 cos 43°   sin 47° 
(iii) sin 2 20° + sin 2 70° − tan 2 45° = 0
cos81° cos14° cos (90° − 9°) cos (90° − 76°)
Ans. (i) LHS = + = +
sin 9° sin 76° sin 9° sin 76°

Math Class IX 32 Question Bank

 sin 9° sin 76°
= + = 1 + 1 = 2 = RHS
sin 9° sin 76°
2 2
 sin 47°   cos 43°  2
(ii) LHS =   +  − 4cos 45°
 cos 43°   sin 47° 
2 2 2
 sin (90° − 43°)   cos (90° − 47°)   1   1 
= + −4    cos 45° =
   2 
∵
 cos 43° sin 47°  2 
2 2
 cos 43°   sin 47°  1
=  +  − 4×
 cos 43°   sin 47°  2
2 2
= (1) + (1) − 2 = 2 − 2 = 0 = RHS
(iii) LHS = sin 2 20° + sin 2 70° − tan 2 45°
= sin 2 20° + sin 2 (90° − 20°) − tan 2 45°
= sin 2 20° + cos 2 20° − tan 2 45° = 1 − 1 = 0 =RHS
Q.57. Prove that :
cosθ sinθ
(i) + =2
sin (90° − θ) cos (90° − θ)
(ii) sin θ cos (90° − θ) + cos θ sin (90° − θ) = 1.
cosθ sin θ cosθ sin θ
Ans. (i) LHS = + = + = 1 + 1 = 2 = RHS
sin (90° − θ ) cos (90° − θ ) cosθ sin θ
(ii) LHS = sin θ cos (90° − θ ) + cosθ sin (90° − θ )
= sin θ sin θ + cos θ cosθ = sin 2 θ + cos2 θ = 1 = RHS
cos 35° sin 11°
Q.58. Prove that : + − cos 28° cosec 62° = 1.
sin 55° cos 79°
cos35° sin11°
Ans. LHS = + − cos 28° cosec 62°
sin 55° cos 79°
cos (90° − 55°) sin (90° − 79°)
= + − cos (90° − 62°) cosec 62°
sin 55° cos79°
sin 55° cos 79°
= + − sin 62° cosec 62°
sin 55° cos 79°
= 1 + 1 − 1 = 2 − 1 = 1 = RHS

Math Class IX 33 Question Bank

Q.59. Find the magnitude of angle A, if:
(i) 2 sin A cos A − cos A − 2 sin A + 1 = 0
(ii) tan A − 2 cos A tan A + 2 cos A − 1 = 0
(iii) 2 cos2 A − 3 cos A + 1 = 0
(iv) 2 tan 3A cos 3A − tan 3A + 1 = 2 cos 3A
Ans. (i) 2sin A cos A − cos A − 2sin A + 1 = 0 ⇒ cos A (2sin A − 1) − 1 (2sin A − 1) = 0
(2sin A − 1) (cos A − 1) = 0
If 2sin A − 1 = 0, then 2sin A = 1
1
⇒ sin A = ⇒ sin A = sin 30° ⇒ A = 30°
2
If cos A − 1 = 0, then cos A = 1
⇒ cos A = cos 0° ⇒ A = 0°
(ii) tan A − 2 cos A tan A + 2 cos A − 1 = 0 ⇒ tan A (1 − 2cos A) − 1 + 2cos A = 0
tan A (1 − 2cos A) − 1 (1 − 2cos A) = 0 ⇒ (1 − 2 cos A) (tan A − 1) = 0
1
If 1 − 2 cos A = 0, then −2cos A = −1 ⇒ 2cos A = 1 ⇒ cos A =
2
⇒ cos A = cos 60° ⇒ A = 60°
If tan A − 1 = 0, then tan A = 1 ⇒ tan A = tan 45° ⇒ A = 45°
(iii) 2 cos 2 A − 3cos A + 1 = 0 . Putting, cos A = x
2 x 2 − 3x + 1 = 0 ⇒ 2 x 2 − 2 x − x + 1 = 0
⇒ 2 x ( x − 1) − 1 ( x − 1) = 0 ⇒ ( x − 1) (2 x − 1) = 0
If ( x − 1) = 0, then x = 1 ...(i)
1
If (2 x − 1) = 0, then 2 x = 1 ⇒ x = ...(ii)
2
Putting, x = cos A in eqn. (i), we get
∴ cos A = 1
⇒ cos A = cos 0° ⇒ A = 0°
1
Putting, x − = cos A in eqn. (ii), we get cos A =
2
⇒ cos A = cos 60°
⇒ A = 60°
(iv) 2 tan 3 A cos3 A − tan 3 A + 1 = 2cos 3 A
⇒ 2 tan 3 A cos3 A − tan 3 A + 1 − 2cos 3 A = 0
⇒ tan 3 A (2 cos 3 A − 1) − 1 (2cos 3 A − 1) = 0

Math Class IX 34 Question Bank

 ⇒ (2cos 3 A − 1) (tan 3 A − 1) = 0
1
If (2 cos 3 A − 1) = 0, then 2 cos3 A = 1 ⇒ cos3 A = ⇒ cos 3 A = cos 60°
2
60°
⇒ 3 A = 60° ⇒ A = ⇒ A = 20°
3
If (tan 3 A − 1) = 0, then tan 3 A = 1 ⇒ tan 3 A = tan 45°
45°
⇒ 3 A = 45° ⇒ A = ⇒ A = 15°
3

Q.60. Solve for x :

x
(i) 2 cos 3x − 1 = 0 (ii) cos − 1 = 0
3
1
(iii) sin (x + 10°) = (iv) cos (2x − 30°) = 0
2
(v) 2 cos (3x − 15°) = 1 (vi) tan 2 (x − 5°) = 3
x  3
(vii) 3 tan 2 (2x − 20°) = 1 (viii) cos  + 10°  =
2  2
(ix) sin 2 x + sin 2 30° = 1 (x) cos 2 30° + cos 2 x = 1
(xi) cos 2 30° + sin 2 2x = 1 (xii) sin 2 60° + cos2 (3x − 9) = 1
Ans. (i) 2 cos 3x − 1 = 0
1
⇒ 2 cos 3x = 1 ⇒ cos3x = ⇒ cos3x = cos 60° ⇒ 3x = 60°
2
60°
⇒ x= ∴ x = 20°
3
x x x x
(ii) cos − 1 = 0 ⇒ cos = 1 ⇒ cos = cos 0° ⇒ = 0°
3 3 3 3
∴ x = 0°
1
(iii) sin ( x + 10°) = ⇒ sin ( x + 10°) = sin 30°
2
Comparing both sides, we get
∴ x + 10° = 30° ⇒ x = 30° − 10°
x = 20°
(iv) cos (2 x − 30°) = 0 ⇒ cos (2 x − 30°) = cos 90°

Math Class IX 35 Question Bank

 Comparing both sides, we get
2 x − 30° = 90° ⇒ 2 x = 90° + 30°
⇒ 2 x = 120° ⇒ x = 60°
1
(v) 2 cos (3 x − 15°) = 1 ⇒ cos (3 x − 15°) =
2
cos (3 x − 15°) = cos 60°
Comparing both sides, we get
3 x − 15° = 60° ⇒ 3 x = 60° + 15° ⇒ 3 x = 75° or x = 25°
(vi) tan 2 ( x − 5°) = 3
⇒ tan ( x − 5°) = ± 3 . Taking +ve sign only
⇒ tan ( x − 5°) = 3 ⇒ tan ( x − 5°) = tan 60°
Comparing both sides, we get
x − 5° = 60° ⇒ x = 60° + 5°
or, x = 65°
1
(vii) 3tan 2 (2 x − 20°) = 1 ⇒ tan 2 (2 x − 20°) =
3
1
⇒ tan (2 x − 20°) = ±
3
Taking +ve sign only
1
⇒ tan (2 x − 20°) = + ⇒ tan (2 x − 20°) = tan 30°
3
Comparing both sides, we get
∴ 2 x − 20° = 30° ⇒ 2 x = 30° + 20°
⇒ 2 x = 50° or x = 25°
x  3
(viii) cos  + 10°  =
2  2
x 
cos  + 10°  = cos 30°
2 
Comparing both sides, we get
x x
+ 10° = 30° ⇒ = 30° − 10°
2 2
x
⇒ = 20° or x = 2 × 20°
2
or, x = 40°

Math Class IX 36 Question Bank

 (ix) sin 2 x + sin 2 30° = 1
2
2 1 1
⇒ sin x +   = 1 ⇒ sin 2 x + =1
 2 4
1 3
⇒ sin 2 x = 1 − ⇒ sin 2 x =
4 4
3 3
⇒ sin x = ⇒ sin x =
4 2
⇒ sin x = sin 60° ∴ x = 60°
(x) cos2 30° + cos 2 x = 1
2
 3 2 3
⇒   + cos x = 1 ⇒ + cos 2 x = 1
 2  4
3 1
⇒ cos2 x = 1 − ⇒ cos2 x =
4 4
1 1
⇒ cos x = ⇒ cos x =
4 2
⇒ cos x = cos 60° ⇒ x = 60°
(xi) cos2 30° + sin 2 2 x = 1
2
 3 2 3
⇒   + sin 2 x = 1 ⇒ + sin 2 2 x = 1
 2  4
3 1
⇒ sin 2 2 x = 1 − ⇒ sin 2 2 x =
4 4
1 1
⇒ sin 2 x = ⇒ sin 2 x =
4 2
⇒ sin 2 x = sin 30° ⇒ 2 x = 30°
⇒ x = 15°.
(xii) sin 2 60° + cos2 (3x − 9°) = 1
2
 3 2 3
⇒   + cos (3 x − 9°) = 1 ⇒ + cos2 (3 x − 9°) = 1
 2  4
3 1
⇒ cos2 (3 x − 9°) = 1 − ⇒ cos2 (3 x − 9°) =
4 4

Math Class IX 37 Question Bank

 1 1
⇒ cos (3x − 9°) = ⇒ cos (3 x − 9°) =
4 2
⇒ cos (3x − 9°) = cos 60° ⇒ 3 x − 9° = 60°
⇒ 3x = 60° + 9° ⇒ 3 x = 69°
69°
⇒ x=
3
∴ x = 23°
Q.61. If 4 cos2 x = 3 and x is an acute angle find the value of :
(i) x (ii) cos 2 x + cot 2 x
(iii) cos 3x (iv) sin 2x
3
Ans. (i) 4 cos2 x = 3 ⇒ cos2 x =
4
3 3
⇒ cos x = = = cos 30° ∴ x = 30°
4 2
(ii) cos2 x + cot 2 x = cos 2 30° + cot 2 30°
3 3 3
= + ( 3)2 = + 3 = 3
4 4 4
(iii) cos3 x = cos (3 × 30°) = cos 90° = 0
3
(iv) sin 2 x = sin (2 × 30°) = sin 60° = .
2
Q.62. In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°, AB = y units, BC = 3 units, AC = 2 units and angle
A = x°, find:
(i) sin x° (ii) x°
(iii) tan x° (iv) Use cos x° to find the value of y.
Ans. In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90° , ∠A = x° , AB = y units, BC = 3 units and
AC = 2 units
AC 2 = AB2 + BC 2 (Using Pythagoras Theorem)
(2)2 = y 2 + ( 3)2 ⇒ 4 = y 2 + 3
⇒ y2 = 4 − 3 = 1 ⇒ y = 1
Now,
BC 3
(i) sin x° = = = sin 60° (ii) x° = 60°
AC 2

Math Class IX 38 Question Bank

 1 AB
(iii) tan x° = tan 60° = 3 (iv) cos x° = cos 60° = =
2 AC
∴ AB = 1 ⇒ y = 1.
Q.63. If A, B, C are the interior angles of a triangle, prove that :
B+C A
tan   = cot .
 2  2
Ans. In ∆ABC,
∠A ∠B ∠C
∴ ∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° ⇒ + + = 90°
2 2 2
∠B ∠C ∠A B+C A
⇒ + = 90° − ⇒ = 90° −
2 2 2 2 2
 B+C   A A
Now LHS = tan   = tan  90° −  = cot 2 = RHS
 2   2
Q.64. A balloon is connected to a meteorological station by a cable of length 200
metres, inclined at 60° to the horizontal. Determine the height of the balloon
from the ground, assuming that there is no slack in the string. (Take
3 = 1.73)
Ans. In ∆ABC,
String = AC = 200 m
Height of ballon from the ground = BC = h m
∠BAC = 60° (Given)
h 3 h
⇒ sin 60° = ⇒ =
200 2 200
200 × 3 200 × 1.73
⇒ h= = = 173 m
2 2
Hence, height of balloon from the ground is 173 m.
Q.65. A ladder leaning against a wall, makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal
and the foot of the ladder is 9.5 metres away from the wall. Find the length
of the ladder.
Ans. In ∆ACB,
Length of ladder = AB = x m
Height of wall = BC = h m
AC = 9.5 m (Given)
∠BAC = 60° (Given)

Math Class IX 39 Question Bank

 9.5 1 9.5
⇒ cos 60° = ⇒ =
x 2 x
⇒ x = 9.5 × 2 = 19
Hence, length of ladder is 19 m.
Q.66. A kite is flying with a thread 150 m long. If the thread is assumed stretched
straight and makes an angle of 60° with the horizontal, find the height of the
kite above the ground. (Take 3 = 1.73 )
Ans. In ∆ABC,
Length of thread = AC = 150 m (Given)
Height of kite = h m
∠BAC = 60° (Given)
Perpendicular
∴ sin θ =
Hypotenuse
BC h
⇒ sin 60° = =
AC 150
3 h 150 × 3
⇒ = ⇒ h=
2 150 2
⇒ h = 75 × 3 = 75 × 1.32 = 129.75 m
Hence, height of the kite is 129.75 m.
Q.67. A kite is flying at a height of 120 m from the level ground. It is attached to
a string inclined 60° to the horizontal. Find the length of the string. (Take
3 = 1.73)
Ans. In ∆ABC,
Length of string = AC = l m
Height = BC = 120 m (Given)
∠BAC = 60° (Given)
Perpendicular
∴ sin θ =
Hypotenuse
BC 120 3 120
⇒ sin 60° = = ⇒ =
AC l 2 l
120 × 2 120 × 2 × 3
⇒ l= =
3 3× 3
120 × 2 × 3
= = 40 × 2 × 3 m
3

Math Class IX 40 Question Bank

 = 80 (1.73) m = 138.40 m
Hence, length of string is 138.4 m.
Q.68. In a ∆ABC, right angled at B, if ∠A = 30° and BC = 8 cm, find the
remaining angles and sides.
Ans. In ∆ABC,
∠B = 90°, ∠A = 30° (Given)
BC = 8 cm (Given)
∴ ∠C = 180° − (∠B + ∠A)
= 180° − (90° + 30°)
= 180° − 120° = 60°
Perpendicular BC
sin θ = =
Hypotenuse AC
8 1 8
⇒ sin 30° = ⇒ =
AC 2 AC
⇒ AC = 16 cm
Perpendicular BC
tan θ = =
Base AB
8 1 8
⇒ tan 30° = ⇒ =
AB 3 AB
Hence, AB = 8 3 cm, AC = 16 cm.
Q.69. In a rectangle ABCD, AB = 12 cm and ∠BAC = 30°, Calculate the lengths
of side BC and diagonal AC.
Ans. In rectangle ABCD (Given)
AB = 12 cm
∠BAC = 30°, ∠B = 90°
In ∆BAC,
Perpindecular
tan θ =
Base
BC 1 BC
⇒ tan 30° = ⇒ =
AB 3 12
12 12 × 3 12 3
⇒ BC = ⇒ BC = = = 4 3 cm
3 3× 3 3
Base
cosθ =
Hypotenuse

Math Class IX 41 Question Bank

 AB 3 12
⇒ cos30° = ⇒ =
AC 2 AC
⇒ 3AC = 12 × 2
24 24 × 3 24 3
⇒ AC = = = = 8 3 cm
3 3× 3 3
Hence, BC = 4 3 cm and AC = 8 3 cm.
Q.70. Find the length of AB, from the adjoining
figure.
Ans. In ∆ACF,
FC 20
tan 45° = ⇒ 1=
AC AC
⇒ AC = 20
In ∆BDE,
BD 1 30
= cot 60° = ∴ BD = = 10 3
30 3 3
Draw FM ⊥ DE
∴ FM = CD
Also, ME = DE − DM = DE − CF = 30 − 20 = 10
FM
Now, = tan 60° = 3 ⇒ FM = ME 3 = 10 3
ME
∴ CD = 10 3
Now, AB = AC + CD + DB = 20 + 10 3 + 10 3
= 20 + 20 3 = 20 ( 3 + 1)
= 20 (2.732) = 54.640 = 54.64.
Q.71. In trapezium ABCD, as shown, AB || DC, AD = DC = 20 cm and ∠A = 60°.
Find :
(i) Length of AB (ii) distance between AB and DC.
Ans. Draw DL ⊥ AB, CM ⊥ AB
DL 3
= sin 60° = ⇒ DL = 10 3 cm
20 2
Thus, distance between AB and DC
= 10 3 = 10 (1.732) = 17.32 cm.

Math Class IX 42 Question Bank

 AL 1
Again, In ∆ADL, = cos 60° =
20 2
20
∴ AL = = 10
2
Now In ∆BCM,
MB 1 20
= cos 60° = ∴ MB = = 10
20 2 2
AB = AL + LM + MD = 10 + LM + 10 = 20 + LM
= 20 + 20 = 40 cm.
Hence, length of AB is 40 cm.
Q.72. Use the information given to find the length of AB.
Ans. In ∆APQ,
AP
= cot 30° = 3
10
∴ AP = 10 3 = 10 (1.732) = 17.32 cm
In ∆PRB,
PB
tan 45° = =1
8
∴ PB = 8 cm
Hence, AB = AP + PB = 17.32 + 8 = 25.32 cm
Q.73. Find the length of AB.
Ans. In ∆DEA,
AE
tan 45° = = 1 ∴ AE = DE = CB = 30 cm
DE
∴ AE = 30 cm
In ∆BDE,
BE
tan 60° = = 3
30
∴ DE = 30 3 = 30 (1.732) = 51.960 = 51.96
∴ BE = DC = 51.96 ⇒ AE + BE = 30 + 51.96 = 81.96
Hence, length of AB is 81.96.

Math Class IX 43 Question Bank