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matter
Vocabulary
quantitative
mass qualitative
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Mass is the stuff physical chemical
that matter is made of, or the amount of particles in a substance or properties properties
object. Matter has physical and chemical properties and can undergo property
physical and chemical changes.
What are some examples of matter? Well, just look around you and
everything you see, touch, smell, and breathe are examples of matter.
What is a property?
A property describes how an object looks, feels, or acts. Properties can be physical or chemical.
Properties can also be quantitative or qualitative. A qualitative property of matter is observed and generally
can’t be measured with a numerical result. A quantitative property of matter is one that can be measured
numerically, such as height, length, or weight.
What are examples of physical properties?
Physical properties can be observed. Examples of physical properties can be color, weight, volume,
size, shape, density, boiling point, or freezing point.
What are examples of chemical properties?
A chemical property is usually one that can only be seen when a substance undergoes a chemical
change. These properties cannot be observed by touching or looking. Chemical properties become
apparent when the structure of the substance is altered chemically.
An example of this would be adding baking soda and vinegar and watching it bubble and give off a gas. The
bubbling is an indicator that the properties of the two initial ingredients have recombined to form a new
substance or substances.
A simple equation of what happens when you add baking soda to vinegar:
baking soda (solid) + vinegar (liquid) carbon dioxide (gas) + water (liquid)
1.
2. Pure
Baking Vinegar
4.
Soda
3.
6.
8.
7. 9.
Milk
5.
10.
11. 12.
Materials
• ¼ cup (56 grams) of baking soda
• ¼ cup (60 milliliters) of vinegar
• 1 small, empty water bottle
• 1 balloon
• 1 funnel
Procedure
1. Stretch the balloon out before using it.
2. Using the funnel, fill the balloon with the baking soda.
3. Pour the vinegar into the empty water bottle.
4. Attach the opening of the balloon to the mouth of the water bottle—be careful not to get any baking
soda into the bottle.
5. Count to three and lift up the part of the balloon that contains the baking soda so that the baking soda
falls into the bottle.
Pure
Baking Vinegar
Soda
Refreshing
Spring
Water
Questions
1. What are the physical properties of the baking soda?
4. Did anything happen to the balloon? If so, what do you think caused it?
5. What type of change occurred inside the bottle when you added the baking soda to the vinegar?
Vocabulary
matter
mass
property
qualitative
quantitative
physical change
chemical change
3. What happened inside the water bottle when you added the baking soda to the vinegar? What did you
see in the bottle?
Foam and bubbles began to appear. The bubbles indicate that a gas is being formed.
4. Did anything happen to the balloon? If so, what do you think caused it?
As the gas formed, it had nowhere to go so it went up and into the balloon, making it inflate.
5. What type of change occurred inside the bottle when you added the baking soda to the vinegar?
A chemical change.
Vocabulary
matter anything that takes up space and has mass