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ABSTRACT
Determination of functional and mechanical Step 1 iron + oxygen -->
> iron oxide
properties of metal owning to corrosion caused by
Step 2 iron oxide + water -->
-- hydrated iron oxide
moisture, chemicals, temperature and several
(rust)
environmental factors propels the demand for
corrosion prevention and acid proof lining in In the most common use of the word, this means
numerous end –use industries.
ndustries. Corrosion preventive electrochemical oxidation of metals in reaction with
coatings are devised to protect structures from an oxidant such as oxygen rusting, the formation of
degradation caused due to exposure in extreme iron oxides is a well-knownwell example of
corrosive environment. By acting as a barrier between electrochemical corrosion. This type of damage
the materials and the corrosive environment, typically produces oxide (s) or salt(s) of the original
corrosion prevention coating or linings function as metal. Corrosion can also occur in materials other
agents that enhance the life of structures by than metals, such as ceramics or polymers although in
preventing their wear and tear. this context, the term degradation is more common.
Corrosion degrades the useful properties of materials
Keywords: Corrosion, environmental factors, and structures
ctures including strength, appearance and
prevention permeability to liquids and gases. Many structural
alloys corrode merely from exposure to moisture in
Introduction air, but the process can be strongly affected by
exposure to certain substances. Corrosion can be
Corrosion is the gradual destruction of material, concentrated locally
ocally to form a pit or crack, or it can
usually metals, by chemical reaction with its extend across a wide area more or less uniformly
environment. It is a constant, indiscriminate and corroding the surface. Because corrosion is a
costly enemy of metal corrosion means the breaking diffusion-controlled
controlled process, it occurs on exposed
down of essential properties in a material due to surfaces. As a result, methods to reduce the activity of
chemical reaction with its surroundings. In the most the exposed surface, such as passivation and chromate
common use of the word, this means a loss of conversion, can increase a material's corrosion
electrons in the metals reacting with water and resistance. However, some corrosion mechanisms are
oxygen. Weakening of iron due to oxidation of the less visible and less predictable. Knowing about
iron atoms is a well known example of corrosion and the methods to control it is not enough;
electrochemical corrosion. This is commo
commonly known we have to incorporate those measures in order to
as rust. insure complete corrosion prevention.
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 1173
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
corrosion of a metal surface by making that surface small passive current over a wide range of potentials.
the cathode of an electrochemical cell. Cathodic It is used in aggressive environments, e.g., solutions
protection systems are most commonly used to protect of sulfuric acid.
steel, water, and fuel pipelines and tanks; steel pier
piles, ships, and offshore oil platforms. 5. Anodization
Fig1: Sacrificial anode in the hull of a ship Fig 2: Anodized climbing descender with a yellow
finish.
Impressed current cathodic prevention
Anodizing is very resilient to weathering and
For larger structures, galvanic anodes cannot corrosion, so it is commonly used for building facades
economically deliver enough current to provide and other areas that the surface will come into regular
complete protection. Impressed current cathodic contact with the elements. Whilst being resilient, it
protection (ICCP) systems use anodes connected to a must be cleaned frequently. If left without cleaning,
DC power source (such as cathodic protection panel edge staining will naturally occur.
rectifier). Anodes for ICCP systems are tubular and
solid rod shapes of various specialized materials. 6. Galvanization
These include high silicon cast iron, graphite, mixed
metal oxide or platinum coated titanium or niobium Plating, painting and the application of enamel are the
coated rod and wires. most common anti-corrosion treatments. They work
by providing a barrier of corrosion-resistant material
4. Anodic Prevention between the damaging environment and the structural
material. Aside from cosmetic and manufacturing
It transforms the protected metal to the anode of the issues, there are tradeoffs in mechanical flexibility
corrosion cell and bringing it into the passive area of versus resistance to abrasion and high temperature.
the metal. Anodic protection impresses anodic current Platings usually fail only in small sections, and if the
on the structure to be protected (opposite to the plating is more noble than the substrate (for example,
cathodic protection). It is appropriate for metals that chromium on steel), a galvanic couple will cause any
exhibit passivity (e.g., stainless steel) and suitably exposed area to corrode much more rapidly than an
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 1174
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
unplated surface would. For this reason, it is often than the originating mass of iron, its build-up can also
wise to plate with active metal such as zinc or cause failure by forcing apart adjacent parts. It was
cadmium. Painting either by roller or brush is more the cause of the collapse of the Mianus river bridge in
desirable for tight spaces; spray would be better for 1983, when the bearings rusted internally and pushed
larger coating areas such as steel decks and waterfront one corner of the road slab off its support. Three
applications. Flexible polyurethane coatings can drivers on the roadway at the time died as the slab fell
provide an anti-corrosive seal with a highly durable into the river below. The following NTSB
slip resistant membrane. Painted coatings are investigation showed that a drain in the road had been
relatively easy to apply and have fast drying times blocked for road re-surfacing, and had not been
although temperature and humidity may cause dry unblocked; as a result, runoff water penetrated the
times to vary. support hangers. Rust was also an important factor in
the Silver Bridge disaster of 1967 in West Virginia,
when a steel suspension bridge collapsed within a
minute, killing 46 drivers and passengers on the
bridge at the time.
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 1175
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
prevention methods can be used for the protection of
surface from atmospheric corrosion and thus prevent
losses due to corrosion. Hence it could prove to be an
efficient method in industrial and consumer sectors.
REFERENCES
1) Arich Calhorra,Surfin2008
2) Tamir S paper:18-C-28-16ICC Bejin 20_25th
September-2005
3) Golliath.ecnext-JCT CoatingTech Oct 01-2005
4) En.wikipedia.org
5) www.indiamirror.com,indian industries
6) link.springer.com/article/10.2007/s11668-007-
9037-1
7) onlinelibrary.walley.com/doi/10
8) https://www.cortecvci.com/publication/papers/Vp
CIPolymer Additives/369.pdf
9) www.asminternational.org/web/hts/.../PUBLICAT
ION;....?p......
10) dspace.nitril.ac.in/dspace/bitstream/2080/1691/1/c
orrosion_behaviour.pdf
11) https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=087170505
2
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 1 | Issue – 5 | July-Aug 2017 Page: 1176