If Clauses 1

INGLÊS, 2º Ano
If Clauses
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
CONDITIONAL (IF) CLAUSES
As orações condicionais (if clauses) expressam a

dependência entre uma circunstância ou condição e um
fato ou resultado. Estas circunstâncias e fatos podem ser
presentes, passados ou futuros.
a) a oração condicional (que exprime a condição),

introduzida por if.
b) a oração principal (main clause), que menciona a

consequência.
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
ATTENTION!!!
a) A oração condicional pode vir antes ou depois da oração
principal. É necessário usar vírgula quando iniciar a frase:
If he wants to pass, he has to study. (Se ele quer passar, ele tem que
estudar.)
OBS: Quando a condição significar "caso", usa-se if:
If it rains today, I'll stay at home.

(Se chover / Caso chova hoje, ficarei em casa.)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses CLASSIFICAÇÃO
As If clauses podem ser classificadas em quatro

tipos:
ZERO CONDITIONAL
FIRST CONDITIONAL
SECOND CONDITIONAL
THIRD CONDITIONAL
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
Zero Conditional
É formada com as duas orações no presente:
É usada para: if + simple present + simple present
1. Expressar ações decorrentes de leis naturais ou universais.

Fish die if they stay out of water. (Os peixes morrem se ficam fora da
água.)
If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils. (Se você

esquenta(r) a água a 100 graus Celsius, ela ferve.)
Imagem: Benjah-bmm27 / Public domain.

INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
Zero Conditional
2. Expressar situações gerais que são sempre verdade,
quer dizer, dada aquela condição expressa pela oração
condicional, obtém-se um resultado determinado.
If you press the button, the machine starts to work. (Se

você aperta(r) o botão, a máquina começa a funcionar.)
If you touch the car, the alarm goes off. (Se você toca(r) no
carro, o alarme dispara.)
Imagem: EagleOne / GNU

Free Documentation
License.
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
Zero Conditional
3. Dar uma ordem ou instrução:
Please call me if you have any problems. (Por

favor, ligue para mim se você tiver algum
problema.)
If you need help, talk to the supervisor. (Se você

precisar de ajuda, fale com o supervisor.)
Imagem: Neurosurgeon23 /
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
First Conditional
ESTRUTURA VERBAL DA FIRST CONDITIONAL: if + simple present + simple future
Expressa situações ou ações possíveis ou prováveis de

acontecerem no futuro.
Examples:
If it doesn't rain, I will go to
the beach.
(Se não chover, irei para praia.)
Imagem: Ratte / GNU Free Documentation License.

INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses First Conditional
É possível o uso do imperativo na oração principal para dar
instruções, aconselhar ou ainda falar sobre possibilidades
no futuro, caso a condição expressa se cumpra. A estrutura
é a seguinte:
if + simple present + imperativo ou modal

Example:
If you want to come with us, put on your sweater. (Se você
quer vir com a gente, ponha seu blusão.)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses Second Conditional
É usada para expressar ações ou situações improváveis,
hipotéticas ou imaginárias no presente ou no futuro.
ESTRUTURA VERBAL DA SECOND CONDITIONAL:

if+ simple past + would, could, might, should + infinitivo (sem to)
If I had a dictionary, I would look these words up.

(Se eu tivesse um dicionário, procuraria estas palavras.)
What would you do if you lose your job?

(O que você faria se perdesse seu emprego?)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
ATTENTION!!!
1. Nas orações condicionais, o verbo to be no passado tem a
forma were para todas as pessoas. Convém salienter,
entretanto, que, na linguagem mais informal, was é aceito
em vez de were na 1ª e3ª pessoas:
If he weren't so arrogant, I'd forgive him.

(Se ele não fosse tão arrogante, eu o perdoaria.)
2. Após I e we, should pode ser usado com o mesmo

significado de would. (Would é mais comum no inglês
moderno; é raro o uso de should no inglês americano.):
If I knew her name, I should tell you.
(Se eu soubesse o nome dela, eu diria a você.)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses Third Conditional
Este tipo de oração condicional refere-se a uma condição não-
realizada no passado, isto é, algo que teria acontecido se um fato
anterior tivesse ocorrido. Como a ação não ocorreu no passado,
ela é impossível agora no presente.
ESTRUTURA VERBAL DA THIRD CONDITIONAL:

if + past perfect + would have, could have, might have + past participle
If he had driven more carefully, he could have avoid the accident.

(Se ele tivesse dirigido com mais cuidado, poderia ter evitado o
acidente.)
If they had studied during their vacation, they might have
passed the examination.
(Se eles tivessem estudado durante as férias, eles poderiam ter
passado na prova.)
Tempos verbais empregados em cada oração condicional
TEMPO VERBAL DA MAIN EXPRESSA UMA

ZERO CONDITIONAL
CLAUSE CONDIÇÃO
if + present simple + present simple Verdadeira sempre
Iron rusts if it gets wet. (Ferro enferruja se fica(r)

molhado.)
If you heat ice, it melts. (Se você esquenta(r) o gelo, ele

derrete.)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
EXPRESSA UMA
FIRST CONDITIONAL TEMPO VERBAL DA MAIN CLAUSE
CONDIÇÃO
+ simple future
+ imperativo
if + simple present Provável ou Possível
+can/must/may/might ... +
infinitivo
If you read the text attentively, you will understand the

questions. (Simple Future)
(Se você ler o texto atentamente, entenderá as
perguntas.)
If you have any questions, send me an e-mail. (Imperativo)

(Se você tiver quaisquer dúvidas, mande-me um e-mail.)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
SECOND TEMPO VERBAL DA MAIN EXPRESSA UMA
CONDITIONAL CLAUSE CONDIÇÃO
+ would, could, might, Improvável, Hipotética
if + simple past
should + infinitivo ou Imaginária
If I had more time, I would do more interactive

exercises.
(Se eu tivesse mais tempo, faria mais exercícios
interativos.)
If I were rich, I would buy a house in Florida.

(Se eu fosse rico, compraria uma casa na Flórida.)
INGLÊS – 2º Ano
If Clauses
THIRD TEMPO VERBAL DA MAIN EXPRESSA UMA
CONDITIONAL CLAUSE CONDIÇÃO
+ would / could / might + have
if + past perfect + Impossível
past participle
If I hadn't broken my arm, I would have continued to play

tennis.
(Se eu não tivesse quebrado o braço, teria continuado a jogar
tênis.)
If you had told me, we could have done something to help you.
(Se você tivesse me dito, nós poderíamos ter feito algo para lhe
ajudar.)
Conditionals; Other Ways to
Express Unreality
Experiences of an International
Traveler
Tired Traveler
I wish I could If only I had

brush my found a taxi.
teeth right
now.
If the airport
hadn’t lost my
luggage, I
If I had more
wouldn’t have
money, I
been delayed.
would stay at
better hotels.
Real Conditionals
Real conditionals are sentences that describe situations
that occur regularly or are likely or possible in the future.
If we don’t get to the station on time, the

If I don’t put
train will leave without us.
In future-time
present-time sunscreen on, I
situations, use the get a bad
simple present in sunburn.
bothif clauses
the clause and
to
describe
the futurehabitual
with will
or regularly
be going to in
occurring
the result clause.
actions.
Unreal Conditionals
Unreal conditionals are sentences that describe
situations that are untrue, unlikely, or impossible in the
present or the past.
She doesn’t have enough

In present-time money and she won’t visit
situations, use the Paris.
simple past in the
if clause and
would, could, or
might plus the
base form of the If I had enough
verb in the result money, I would
clause. visit Paris.
Present Unreal Conditionals
Use the simple past in the if clause. If the verb is be,
use were for all persons. Use could, might, or would +
base form in the result clause.
Where’s my wallet?
If I were a better planner I wouldn’t
travel without a map.
If he were more careful, he

would notice
He didn’tthat
travelhis
withwallet
a was
missing.
map, so he got lost.
Past Unreal Conditionals
Use the past unreal conditional for past unreal, untrue, imagined, or
impossible conditions and their unreal results. Use the past perfect in the
if clause. Use could, might, or would + have + past participle in the result
clause.
Where’s my wallet?
If I had looked at a map, I wouldn’t
have gotten lost.
If he had been more careful, he

might have noticed
He didn’t look at his wallet
a map,
was missing.
so he got lost.
Look at the chart and complete
Practice 1 the conditionals with your own
ideas.
Real Unreal Past Unreal

If + past perfect
If + simple past
If + simple present If + simple present AND
AND
AND AND would/could/might
would/could/might
simple present will + base form verb + have
+ base form verb
+ past participle verb
1. If I visit Europe, …
Examples:
If 2. … ,enough
I had I might not
money,
have…
gotten
I wouldsick.
travel to Asia.
If 3.
I have took anmoney,
If weenough airplane,…
…I will travel to Asia.
If 4. If we
I had a made
had
had reservations,
lot of money,… … have traveled to Asia.
I would
5. … , I would learn Russian.
Wish 1
Use wish + could / would + base form to
express a wish about the future.
I wish that baby

would stop crying.
This is what he wants, but

he is not sure if the baby will
change his behavior.
Wish 2
Use wish + the simple past to express a wish
about the present.
I wish I
caught an
earlier flight. I wish I had
more leg
room.
Wish 3
Use wish + the past perfect to express a wish
about the past.
The man ate the

airplane food.
I wish I hadn’t
eaten that
airplane food.
Hope and Wish
Don’t confuse hope and wish.
I hope I get to I wish (that) I

the plane on didn’t have so
time. much luggage.
Use hope to
express a desire Use wish to express
about events that regrets about things
are possible or that are unlikely or
probable. impossible to change.
If Only
If only can also be used to express wishes.
If only they wouldn’t

leave me here for the
rest of my life.
Present
Future
If only they
could see me.
Use the pictures to make
statements using wish and if only.
Practice 2 Make statements about the
present, future, and past.
Example: I wish I could take the

bus.
If only I’d make

my flight.
1. 2. 3.
When
You can often use when instead of if.
If I have a sore throat, I take

licorice root.
When I have a sore throat, I take

licorice root.
Use with Modals
You can use modals in the result clause.
If you aren’t sleeping well, you can drink

chamomile tea.
If you get a burn, you might use aloe gel.

Use with Imperatives
You can use imperatives in the result clause.
If you take herbs, tell your doctor.
If you have a headache, make a lavender compress.

Be Careful!
Use a comma between the two clauses only when
the if clause comes first.
,
If you have motion sickness eat ginger root.
if clause
Eat ginger root , if you have motion sickness.
if clause
Use with Negatives
You can make either or both clauses negative.
If I drink tea, I don’t cough as much.
If I’m not sleeping well, I don’t drink coffee.

He stayed in the sun too long
yesterday and got sunburnt
EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

If he hadn’t stayed in the sun
too long yesterday, he
wouldn’t have got sunburnt

He arrived late and missed
the train

If he hadn’t arrived late, he
wouldn’t have missed the
train

She forgot her umbrella and
got wet

If she hadn’t forgotten her
umbrella, she wouldn’t have
got wet

He was angry so he punched
his laptop

If he hadn’t been angry, he
wouldn’t have punched his
laptop

She drank so much coffee
yesterday, she couldn’t sleep
last night

If she hadn’t drunk so much
coffee yesterday, she would
have been able to sleep last
night

She got a virus on her laptop
because she didn’t install an
antivirus

If she had installed an
antivirus on her laptop, she
wouldn’t have got a virus

He drank so much last night,
he had a hangover when he
woke up

If he hadn’t drunk so much
last night, he wouldn’t have
had a hangover when he woke
up

Bart didn’t do his homework
so he had to stay late in
school yesterday

If Bart had done the
homework, he wouldn’t have
had to stay late in school
yesterday

They worked so hard they
passed their exams

If they hadn’t worked so hard,
they wouldn’t have passed
their exams

He bought a lottery ticket and
won

If he hadn’t bought a lottery
ticket, he wouldn’t have won

He was texting on the phone
and had an accident

If he hadn’t been texting on
the phone, he wouldn’t have
had an accident

She was working so hard that
she fell asleep
If she hadn’t been working so
hard, she wouldn’t have fallen
asleep

He was lifting the box when
he hurt his back

If he hadn’t been lifting the
box, he wouldn’t have hurt
his back

He wasn’t looking where he
was going and he hit the tree

If he had been looking where
he was going, he wouldn’t
have hit the tree

If Clauses 1

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INGLÊS, 2º Ano

As orações condicionais (if clauses) expressam a

a) a oração condicional (que exprime a condição),

b) a oração principal (main clause), que menciona a

OBS: Quando a condição significar "caso", usa-se if:

If it rains today, I'll stay at home.

As If clauses podem ser classificadas em quatro

É usada para: if + simple present + simple present

1. Expressar ações decorrentes de leis naturais ou universais.

If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils. (Se você

Imagem: Benjah-bmm27 / Public domain.

If you press the button, the machine starts to work. (Se

Imagem: EagleOne / GNU

Please call me if you have any problems. (Por

If you need help, talk to the supervisor. (Se você

Expressa situações ou ações possíveis ou prováveis de

Imagem: Ratte / GNU Free Documentation License.

if + simple present + imperativo ou modal

ESTRUTURA VERBAL DA SECOND CONDITIONAL:

If I had a dictionary, I would look these words up.

What would you do if you lose your job?

If he weren't so arrogant, I'd forgive him.

2. Após I e we, should pode ser usado com o mesmo

ESTRUTURA VERBAL DA THIRD CONDITIONAL:

If he had driven more carefully, he could have avoid the accident.

TEMPO VERBAL DA MAIN EXPRESSA UMA

Iron rusts if it gets wet. (Ferro enferruja se fica(r)

If you heat ice, it melts. (Se você esquenta(r) o gelo, ele

If you read the text attentively, you will understand the

If you have any questions, send me an e-mail. (Imperativo)

If I had more time, I would do more interactive

If I were rich, I would buy a house in Florida.

If I hadn't broken my arm, I would have continued to play

I wish I could If only I had

If we don’t get to the station on time, the

She doesn’t have enough

If he were more careful, he

If he had been more careful, he

Real Unreal Past Unreal

I wish that baby

This is what he wants, but

The man ate the

I hope I get to I wish (that) I

If only they wouldn’t

Example: I wish I could take the

If only I’d make

If I have a sore throat, I take

When I have a sore throat, I take

If you aren’t sleeping well, you can drink

If you get a burn, you might use aloe gel.

If you take herbs, tell your doctor.

If you have a headache, make a lavender compress.

Eat ginger root , if you have motion sickness.

If I drink tea, I don’t cough as much.

If I’m not sleeping well, I don’t drink coffee.

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/

EFL SMARTblog http://efllecturer.blogspot.com/