Charge recombination

Another important interface is the semiconductor layer/dye/electrolyte interface. Good

surface treatment of semiconductor layer improves the dye uploading and reduces
electron recombination reactions. One strategy is the surface coating of semiconductor
layer with insulating thin films. The TiCl4 post treatment of the semiconductor TiO2
proved successful in reducing electron recombination, an increase of photocurrent by 10–
30% has been reported depending on the quality of the deposited layer