|| Jai Sri Gurudev ||

Sri Adichunchanagiri Shikshana Trust (R)

SJB Institute of Technology

BGS Health & Education city, Kengeri, Bengaluru - 560060
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Course Title: Power System Operation and Control Course Code: 10EE82
Semester: VIII Academic Year: 2015 – 16 Total hrs.: 52 Hrs./Week: 04
Int. Exam Hrs.: 01 Internal Evaluation Max. Marks: 25
Ext. Exam Hrs.: 03 Ext. Exam Max. Marks: 100
Lesson Plan Author / Desgn. / Dept.: J P Sridhar / Asst.Professor / EEE

Prerequisites: Basics of Generation, Transmission & Distribution of power system

Power system analysis and stability, Computer techniques in power system analysis

Course learning objectives:

1. Students will learn the importance of SCADA System in the real time control and monitoring of
power system operation
2. Students will learn the importance of Automatic voltage regulator, Load frequency control and its
design and modeling in the power system operation.
3. Learn the importance of reactive power, compensation techniques and methods of voltage control
in the operation of power system.
4. Learn the importance unit commitment technique and solution methods in power system operation.
5. Students will learn the importance of power system security, different operating states and
contingency analysis in power system operation
6. Learn the importance energy management system in the operation of power system
7. Learn the importance of power system reliability and its scope in power system

Course Outcomes:

1. Student will understand and able to explain the importance of interconnected power system,
SCADA and Parallel operation of generators and its importance in interconnected system.
2. Student will understand and able to explain the importance of Voltage and Frequency in AVR and
ALFC system and also study the modeling of generator, governor, turbine and load.
3. Student will understand, analyze and discuss single area load frequency control and two area load
frequency control.
4. Understanding the importance of reactive power and the necessity of reactive power compensation
in power system.
 5. Student will understand the importance of economic operation, unit commitment and also ability to
solve and analyze the unit commitment solution methods.
6. Understanding the importance of power system security, contingency analysis, energy
management system and state estimation in power system operation control
7. Student will understand the importance of Power system reliability ,modes of failure and general
reliability expression in the power system operation

Evaluation Scheme:

Assessment Marks

Internal Tests 25
External Exam 100
Total 125
 Syllabus

Course Title: Power System Operation & Control Course code: 10EE82
Unit I
Title: CONTROL CENTER OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEMS: Hrs.:
Power system control and operating states, control center, digital computer configuration, 08
automatic generation control, area control error, operation without central computers, expression
for tie-line flow and frequency deviation, parallel operation of generators, area lumped dynamic
model.

Unit II & III

Title: AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR: Hrs.:
Basic generator control loops, Cross-coupling between control loops, Exciter types, Exciter 12
modeling, Generator modeling, Static performance of AVR loop.
Title: AUTOMATIC LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL:
Automatic Load frequency control of single area systems, Speed governing system, Hydraulic
valve actuator, Turbine generator response, Static performance of speed governor, Closing of
ALFC loop, Concept of control area, Static response of primary ALFC loop, Integral control,
ALFC of multi-control area systems (POOL operation), The Two-Area system, Modeling the Tie-
Line, Block Diagram representation of Two-Area system, Static response of Two-Area system
and Tie-Line Bias control.

Unit IV
Title: CONTROL OF VOLTAGE AND REACTIVE POWER: Hrs.:
Introduction, generation and absorption of reactive power, relation between voltage, power and 06
reactive power at a node, single machine infinite bus systems, methods of voltage control, sub
synchronous resonance, voltage stability, voltage collapse.

Unit V
Title: OPTIMAL SYSTEM OPERATION AND UNIT COMMITMENT: Hrs.:
Introduction , Optimal operation of generators on a bus bar, Statement of the Unit Commitment 06
problem, need and importance of unit commitment, Constraint in Unit Commitment, Unit
Commitment solution methods-Priority lists method, Forward Dynamic Programming
method( excluding problem), Spinning reserve.

Unit VI
Title: POWER SYSTEM SECURITY: Hrs.:
06
Introduction, factors affecting power system security, Security analysis, Contingency Selection,
Techniques for contingency evaluation-D.C. load flow and fast decoupled load flow.
 Unit VII
Title: SYSTEM MONITORING AND CONTROL: Hrs.:
06
Introduction , Energy management system, the basis of power system state estimation(PSSE),
mathematical description of PSSE process, minimization technique for PSSE, Least Square
estimation, Error and detection in PSSE, System security and emergency control.

Unit VIII
Title: POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY: Hrs.:
08
Introduction, Modes of failures of a system, Generating system and its performance, derivation
of reliability index, reliability measure for N-unit system, cumulative probability outages-
Recursive Relation, Loss of load probability, Frequency and duration of a state.

Reference Books:

1. Modern Power System Analysis-I J Nagarath and D P Kothari, TMH, 3rd Edition, 2003
2. Electrical Energy Systems Theory, O.J Elgerd, TMH,2008.
3. Power generation, operation and control-Allen J Wood & Woollenberg. John Wiley and
Sons ,Second Edition, 2009.
4. Electric Power Systems-B.M.Weedy and B.J. Cory, Wiley student edition, 1999
5. Computer Aided Power System Operation and Analysis-R.N. Dhar, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1987.
6. Computer Aided Power System Analysis-G.L.Kusic, PHI, 2010.
7. Power System Analysis, Operation and Control, Abhijit Chakrabarti and Sunita Halder, PHI,
Second Edition, 2009
8. Power system stability and control, Prabha Kundur, TMH, 9th reprint, 2007.
 Unit Wise Plan

Bloom’s Course
UNIT No. Learning Date of
DAYS SUB TOPICS Taxonomy Outcomes
& Title objectives conduction
Level (L) (CO)
1 Introduction to power system 2/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
Students will
Power system control and
2 learn the 3/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
operating states.
importance of Energy control center, digital
3 8/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
computer configuration
UNIT-1 SCADA System
CONTROL automatic generation control,
4 8/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
CENTER in the real time area control error
OPERATI operation without central
5 ON OF control and 9/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
computers,
POWER
monitoring of expression for tie-line flow
6 SYSTEMS 10/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
and frequency deviation
power system Parallel operation of
7 operation generators, area lumped 15/2/16 L2,L3 CO1
dynamic model.
8 Problems 15/2/16 L2,L3,L6 CO1
9 Introduction to AVR 16/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
Basic generator control loops,
10 Cross-coupling between 17/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
control loops.
Exciter types, Exciter
11 Students will modeling, Generator 22/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
modeling.
learn the Static performance of AVR
12 22/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
importance of loop.
UNIT-2 & 3 Automatic Load frequency
13 Automatic 23/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
control of single area systems
AUTOMA Speed governing system,
voltage
TIC
14 Hydraulic valve actuator, 24/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
VOLTAGE regulator, Load
REGULAT Turbine generator response
OR frequency Static performance of speed
15 AUTOMA governor, Closing of ALFC 29/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
TIC control and its loop
LOAD
FREQUEN design and Concept of control area, Static
16 CY response of primary ALFC 29/2/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
modeling in the loop
CONTROL
power system Integral control, ALFC of
17 multi-control area systems 1/3/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
operation.
(POOL operation),
The Two-Area system,
Modeling the Tie-Line, Block
18 2/3/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
Diagram representation of
Two-Area system
Static response of Two-Area
19 system and Tie-Line Bias 8/3/16 L1,L2 CO2,CO3
control.
20 Problems 9/3/16 L1,L2,L6 CO2,CO3
Learn the Introduction, generation and
21 14/3/16 L1,L2 CO4
absorption of reactive power
importance of
relation between voltage,
22 reactive power, power and reactive power at a 14/3/16 L1,L2 CO4
UNIT-4 node
CONTROL compensation
OF single machine infinite bus
23 15/3/16 L1,L2 CO4
VOLTAGE techniques and systems
AND
methods of methods of voltage control,
24 REACTIV 16/3/16 L1,L2 CO4
sub synchronous resonance
E POWER voltage control voltage stability, voltage
25 21/3/16 L1,L2 CO4
in the operation collapse

26 of power system. Problems 21/3/16 L1,L2,L6 CO4

Introduction , Optimal
27 operation of generators on a 22/3/16 L1,L2 CO5
bus bar
Learn the Statement of the Unit
Commitment problem, need
28 UNIT-5 importance unit and importance of unit 23/3/16 L1,L2 CO5
OPTIMAL commitment,
commitment
SYSTEM
OPERATI Constraint in Unit
technique and
ON AND Commitment, Unit
29 28/3/16 L1,L2 CO5
UNIT solution methods Commitment solution
COMMIT methods
MENT in power system
Priority lists method,
30 28/3/16 L1,L2,L6 CO5
operation Spinning reserve
Forward Dynamic
31 29/3/16 L1,L2,L6 CO5
Programming method.
32 Problems 30/3/16 L1,L2,L6 CO5
Introduction, factors affecting
33 4/4/16 L1,L2,L6 CO6
power system security
Students will
34 learn the Security analysis 4/4/16 L1,L2,L6 CO6
UNIT-6 importance of
35 POWER Contingency Selection, 5/4/16 L1,L2,L6 CO6
SYSTEM
power system
Techniques for contingency
36 SECURITY security in them 6/4/16 L1,L2,L6 CO6
evaluation
power system
37 operation D.C. load flow method 11/4/16 L1,L2,L6 CO6
38 fast decoupled load flow 11/4/16 L1,L2,L6 CO6
Introduction , Energy
39 Learn the 12/4/16 L1,L2 CO6
management system
importance
UNIT-7 the basis of power system
40 energy 13/4/16 L1,L2 CO6
SYSTEM state estimation(PSSE),
management
MONITOR Mathematical description of
41 ING AND system in the 20/4/16 L1,L2 CO6
PSSE process.
CONTROL operation of
Minimization technique for
power system
42 PSSE, Least Square 25/4/16 L1,L2 CO6
estimation.
43 Error and detection in PSSE 25/4/16 L1,L2 CO6
System security and
44 26/4/16 L1,L2 CO6
emergency control
Introduction, Modes of
45 27/4/16 L1,L2 CO7
failures of a system
Generating system and its
46 Learn the 2/5/16 L1,L2 CO7
performance
47 importance of derivation of reliability index, 2/5/16 L1,L2 CO7
UNIT-8 power system reliability measure for N-unit
48 POWER system, cumulative 3/5/16 L1,L2 CO7
SYSTEM reliability and its probability outages
RELIABIL
49 ITY scope in power Recursive Relation 4/5/16 L1,L2 CO7
50 system Loss of load probability 10/5/16 L1,L2 CO7
Frequency and duration of a
51 11/5/16 L1,L2 CO7
state
52 Problems 11/5/16 L1,L2 CO7

Internal Test Evaluation Details:

Teaching No. of Question in No. of questions in

Unit No. Unit Title
Hours External Exam
T1 T2 T3
CONTROL
CENTER
I OPERATION
OF PS
8
AVR &
II & III ALFC 12
CONTROL OF
VOLTAGE AND
IV REACTIVE
POWER
6
OPTIMAL
SYSTEM
V OPERATION
AND UNIT 6
COMMITMENT
POWER
VI SYSTEM 6
SECURITY
SYSTEM
VII MONITORING 6
AND CONTROL
POWER
VIII SYSTEM 8
RELIABILITY

Faculty In-Charge Head of the Department

Date: