AAYOJAN SCHOOL OF ARCLITECTURE,

JAIPUR

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE-III

SEMINAR REPORT ON
BAUHAUS

SUBMITTED BY-

MANISH YAADAV
MEGHA MITTAL
III YR. B.ARCH.
V SEMESTER
 BAUHAUS
Introduction: -

 The Bauhaus was the outcome of a continuous effort to reform applied

art education in Germany around the turn of the country.
 It was an architectural response to the political and social events in
Germany.
 Originally the Bauhaus was founded with visions of erecting the
cathedral of socialism and the workshops were established in the
manner of the cathedral building lodges.
 For the first 3 years of existence the Bauhaus was under the
directorship of Swiss painter and teacher, Johannes Itten, but later in
1919 Walter Gropius became the director of the composite institution,
consisting of the academy of art and the school of arts and crafts, an
arrangement that was to divide the Bauhaus, conceptually throughout
its existence.
  The Bauhaus as formed by the fusion of two existing institutions in
Weimar: the old academy of fine art and a Kunstger Besehole
school of applied art.
 Bauhaus proclamation was permitted with the idea of new social and
spiritual integration in which artists and the craftsmen would unite to
create a short of collective symbolic building of the future.
 It is said that modern architecture starts with the Bauhaus.
 Today it is known by its Dessu phase.

GOAL OF THE BAUHAUS: -

 To encourage the individual artisans and craftsmen to work
cooperatively and combined all of the skills.
 To elevate the status of crafts, chairs, lamps, teapots etc. to the same
level enjoyed by fine arts, painting, sculpting etc.
 To eventually gain independence and government support by selling
design to industry.

THE FIRST BUILDING: -

The first building occupied by the Bauhaus in Weimar was, in itself a
departure from most of Weimar elective but typically Germanic urban style.
Unadorned and filling with large windows it provided studious with
wonderful light and multiuse classrooms.
ABOUT WORKSHOPS: -
The Bauhaus workshops were the birthplaces of new industrial designs.
 Handicrafts were the subject of experiment, with marvelous results.
 1000s of experiments with textile were performed.
 Photography was taken more seriously as an art form.
 The construction from pre-fabricated elements at its peak for tubular
steel frame chair and adjustable reading table.

Note – Walter Gropius: Founder of Bauhaus school in Weimer Germany

in 1919. He was the director as well as key person in shaping its
philosophy. He coined the term Bauhau that means ‘ BUILDING
HOUSE’ in German. He was one of the first architects consistently
designed buildings using glass walls that were uncommon at that time.

TYPICAL FEATURES OF THE BUILDING

 The complex is typical of the trend towards freedom of plan in a
rectangular system that was to characterize the functional architecture
of the 20th century.
 Lighting fixtures of pressed metal.
 Circulation of movement is more in first compared to second.
 The complex is divided into three main wings. The studio apartments
are connected by an auditorium, canteen, kitchen and gym to the long
narrow building. Above the roadway that contains administration and
groups architectural practice office on the right side accommodates
the workshop
  Each floor has the balcony, projecting concrete slab having close to

the massive walls.

ABOUT BUILDING: -
 Plot plan not following any particular axis.
 This complex reaches out over the ground and expands into a kind of
pinwheel with three hooked arms.
 A short two-storey bridge supported by four pillars and crossing and
intervening street connect it with the school of design.
 The student building connects directly with the school of design
through one storey wing.
 L is much more than H because of that the elevation shows the linear
nature.

CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
 Mushroom shaped ceiling on the lower level.
 Skeleton of reinforced concrete.
 Roofs covered with asphalt tile.
 Steel sections are designed to take tensile and compressive stress.
BUILDING FEATURES

 Flat roof.
 Smooth façade.
 Cubic shapes.
 Colors – grey, white, beige or black.
 Floor plans are open.

ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER: -
 The complex is arrangement of cube and juxtaposed against another
cube differing in size, material and location.
 The view shows each is blended into a unified composition. It is
necessary to go around it to see it from above as well as below.
 The air view shows how the different units blend together. The eye
cannot sum up such a complex at one glance.