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ABSTRACT
This research work focus on the simulation of a gas turbine power plant using high pressure fogging air
intake cooling system. Aspen HYSYS software was used for the simulation of the gas turbine with and
without cooling system using the actual operating data for performance evaluation. The results obtained on
the simulation of the gas turbine at ambient air temperature of 25.690Cwithout the use of cooling system
showed that ambient air temperature decreases the net power output, thermal efficiency and increases the
specific fuel consumption and heat rate. However, when the gas turbine was incorporated with air intake
cooling system (high pressure fogging), there was drop in ambient air temperature which resulted to an
increase in net power output, thermal efficiency and reduction in specific fuel consumption and heat rate.
Keywords: Gas turbine, simulation, Aspen HYSYS software, thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption,
heat rate.
of 10C in the compressor air inlet temperature ready-made user editable component models
decreases the gas turbine power output by 1%. based in FORTRAN. By connecting these
All these point to the evidence that gas turbine components by material heat and work streams
performance is sensitive to the ambient air and providing appropriate inputs, the user is
temperature. As ambient temperature rises, less able to model complex processes. Aspen is
air can be compressed by the compressor and commonly used software platform for process
this results to drop in gas turbine performance modeling, particularly in the oil and gas
[8]. Also, the compression work increases industry, power generation companies etc. [12].
because the specific volume of the air increases The decision to model high pressure fogging in
in proportion to the intake air temperature [9]. In ASPEN was based primarily on two advantages.
gas turbine, fogging system is mainly installed First high pressure fogging models produced in
to ensure that power losses due to the high ASPEN could be directly integrated with the
ambient temperature are regained. The plant cycle model. Secondly, ASPEN has an
relevance of air intake cooling (AIC) to optimization capability that when used in future
compressor is that it allows reduction of losses work, will aid in producing the design with the
in gas turbine (GT) power output, compared to maximum energy savings.
the rated capacity when ambient temperature
MATERIALS AND METHODS
rises above 150C or the plant is located in a
warm/hot climate region. AIC can lead to an One year operating data of a gas turbine plant
increase in gas turbine output above the rated was used for this research work. Table 1 shows
capacity by cooling the inlet air below 15 0C the summary of operating parameters of the
[10]. turbine plant. The analysis of the plant is
divided into different control volumes and
Sub-Sahara countries are located in tropical
performance of the plant is estimated using
climate characterized by hot and rain weather,
component wise modeling, mass and energy
relative humidity. Gas turbines are rated to
conservation laws is applied to each component
operate at ambient condition of 150C, relative
and performance of the plant is determine for
humidity of 60% and 101.32kPa at sea level of
the simple gas turbine system and with
International Standard Organization ISO. But
incorporation of air intake cooling system (high
due to hot weather in this region, the ambient
fogging) in gas turbine power plant.
conditions under which gas turbine power plant
operate have a noticeable effect on the plant The basic gas turbine cycle is Brayton cycle; it
performance. Thus, its power output, thermal consists mainly of compressor, combustion
efficiency, specific fuel consumption and net chamber and turbine. Air enters the compressor
heat rate deteriorate at high intake air where it is compressed and heated after that its
temperature when compared to ISO condition goes to the combustion chamber, where fuel is
[11]. Cooling the intake air to compressor by burned at constant pressure before it eventually
incorporating of high fogging system is one of raises the temperature of air to the firing
the cooling techniques propose to mitigate the temperature. The resulting high temperature
effect of ambient temperature on gas turbine gases enter the gas turbine where they expand to
power plant.In this research work, the generate the useful work. The part of the work
simulation of gas turbine power plant using high developed by the gases passing through the
pressure fogging air intake cooling system will turbine is used to run the compressor and
be carry out using Aspen HYSYS software. remaining (30 – 35%) is used to generate the
Aspen HYSYS is engineering software suite; electrical energy. Figure 1 shows the flow chart
one of these programs is Aspen plus, which of the system while figure 2 shows modelling of
allows for steady-state process modeling [12]. gas turbine unit by incorporating high pressure
The user interface is predicated on a library of fogging.
Assumed that there are no losses on the „Simulation Environment‟ was entered to begin
conversion energy. building the process model. The Pump, Mixer,
The pressure drop across the combustion Separator, Compressor, Conversion Reactor,
chamber was assumed to be 2%. Turbine icons from the model palette were
clicked and placed on the flow sheet in Figure 3.
The pressure, ambient air temperature and
The combined units of mixer and separator are
mass flow rate of air are constant.
used to simulate a fogging unit: when the
Aspen HYSYS was used to model the gas incoming air enters the fogging unit, the high
turbine and gas turbine with fogging units. The pressure pump then convert the demineralized
first step in creating the model was the selection water to fog nozzle operating at high pressure,
of a standard set of components and a where it is spray to the hot air in the mixer.
thermodynamic basis to model the physical However, the hot air mixed with fog to ensure
properties of these components. proper saturation of air before it leaves the
mixer, saturated air then enter the separator
When the component list was created, HYSYS where its separate the vapour and water, While
created a new component list called Component the water that is not vaporized by the incoming
List-1. The next step was the selection of a hot air leaves the bottom of the fogging unit as
„Fluid Package‟ for it. The „Fluid Package‟ shown in Figure 3. The fogging unit is shows in
which is the thermodynamic system associated Figure 4.
with the chosen list of components. The
Figure3. Process Flow sheet for Gas Turbine with Fogging Unit.
The drop in the exhaust temperature with in ambient air temperature. Thus, the net power
fogging system confirm the cooling that took Output of the gas turbine cycle will decrease
place inside the system. Figure 5 shows the because of the increase in compressor power
effect of temperature with fogging (cooling) and and the mass flow rate of the gases reduced in
without fogging system (no cooling) on the the process.
efficiency of the gas turbine. The results show
However, with fogging system (cooling), the
that the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine thermal efficiency increases as a result of
system decreases without fogging system (no reduction in ambient air temperature which
cooling) and this was as a result of an increase lower the compressor power since a lower
CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In take air cooling systems are useful tools for We are thankful to the manager of Ihovbor Gas
Turbine Power Plant, Engr. Oluwaseun Fadare
increasing the net power generation capabilities
for granting us access to the plant and assisting
of gas turbine power plants, especially in Sub- us during the period of data collection.
Sahara region. The process of reducing the
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economic-environmental multi-objective Achimnole Evaristus N., Master degree
optimization of gas turbine power plant with student, Faculty of Engineering, Department of
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Thermodynamic assessment of grid-based gas Ejiroghene Kelly Orhorhoro, PhD degree
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Trends Eng. Applied Sci., 2, 1026-1033 student, Faculty of Engineering, Department of
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Citation: E. Achimnole, E. Orhorhoro and M. Onogbotsere, "Simulation of Gas Turbine Power Plant
Using High Pressure Fogging Air Intake Cooling System", International Journal of Emerging Engineering
Research and Technology, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 16-23, 2017.
Copyright: © 2017 E. Achimnole, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in
any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.