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There are many different kinds of stainless steel alloy available on the market, from the commonly-known grade 304 to the less well-
known grade 420. There are thousands of unique alloys available to manufacturers, each with a unique combination of characteristics.
Alloy Tensile Maximum Use Melting Point Resistances/Uses Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Manganese
Strength Temp. Content Content Content Content
Austenitic
621 MPa (90 ksi) 870°C (1679°F) 1399°C -1454°C Good overall corrosion 8 - 10.5% 18 - 20% Not Specified 2%
304 (2550°F - resistance. Used in many Maximum
2650°F) different applications.
579 MPa (84 ksi) ~800°C 1371°C - 1399°C High resistance to 10 - 14% 16 - 18% 2 - 3% 2%
(1472°F) (2500°F - chlorides (such as salt). Maximum
316
2550°F) Used in cookware, naval,
and other applications.
517 MPa (75 ksi) ~800°C 1371°C - 1421°C As a modified version of 11 - 15% 18 - 20% 3.5% max 2%
(1472°F) (2500°F - 316 stainless steel, 317 Maximum
317
2590°F) is often used in many of
the same applications.
Ferritic
450 MPa (65 ksi) 815°C (1499°F) 1425°C - 1510°C Resists nitric acid. Useful 0.75% max 16 - 18% Not Specified 1%
(2597°F - for automotive trim Maximum
430
2750°F) and specific chemical
applications
540 MPa (78 ksi) 815°C (1499°F) 1426°C - 1510°C Superior pitting None 16 - 18% 0.75 - 1.3% 1%
(2600°F - resistance compared Maximum
434 2750°F) to 430. Used in
automotive and exterior
applications.
Martensitic
450 MPa (65 ksi) 650°C (1202°F 1482°C - 1532°C Resistant to hot gases, 0.75% max 11.5 - 13.5% Not Specified 1%
- scaling (2700°F - mild acids & alkalis, and Maximum
410 resistance 2790°F) water. Less resistant
declines past than austenitic or ferritic
this temp). alloys.
586 MPa (85 ksi) 650°C (1202°F 1454°C - 1510°C When hardened, 420 None 12 - 14% Not Specified 1%
Annealed - scaling (2649°F - resists mild acids, water, Maximum
resistance 2750°F) alkalis, and some food
1586 MPa (230
420 declines past compounds. Often used
ksi) Hardened
this temp). in cutlery.
and Stress
Relieved