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Purpose:
Ensure the ability of a welder to follow written instructions and
verify the welders skill. These are important factors in ensuring the
qualify of a welded product.
Principle:
The welder is qualified for the same and all other conditions which
are considered easier to weld.
Standards for qualification testing of welders
• 121 submerged arc welding with solid wire electrode (partly mechanized)
• 125 submerged arc welding with tubular cored electrode (partly mechanized)
• 145 TIG welding using reducing gas and solid filler material (wire/rod)
• welding position
• weld detail(s) (material backing, gas backing, flux backing, consumable insert,
single side welding, both side welding, single layer, multi-layer, leftward
welding, rightward welding).
Welding processes (5.2)
Normally each welding process only qualifies the actual welding process. A
change of welding process requires a new qualification test.
• 141, 143 or 145 qualifies for 141, 142, 143 and 145, but 142 only qualfies for
142.
• Dip (short-circuit) transfer mode (131, 135 and 138) qualifies other transfer
modes, but not vice versa.
And it is also possible to qualify two or more welding process by welding a single
test piece (multi-process joint).
• Test pieces in plate cover pipes ≥ 500 mm in accordance with table 9 (weld
position, butt weld) and 10 (weld position, fillet weld)
• Test pieces in plate cover rotating pipes ≥ 75 mm in welding position PA, PB,
PC and PD. As long as the weld position has been qualified according to table
9 and 10.
Type of weld (5.4)
• Test pieces welded as butt weld (BW) qualifies any type of butt welds (BW)
except for branch joints with an angle ≤ 60º.
• Butt welds (BW) do not qualify fillet welds (FW) or vice versa.
Min. 10 mm
Filler material grouping (5.5)
The filler material shall be from one of the groups listed in table 2.
The parent material should be suitable for the filler metal and from ISO/TR
15608 groups 1 to 11.
FM1: Non-alloy and fine grain steels FM4: Creep-resisting steels 3,75 ≤ Cr ≤ 12 %
FM2: High-strength steels FM5: Stainless and heat-resisting steels
FM3: Creep-resisting steels Cr < 3,75% FM6: Nickel and nickel alloys
Filler material type (5.5)
Welding with filler material qualifies welding without filler material, but not
vice versa.
For 142 and 311 (without filler metal) the parent material group used during
the test is what the welder is qualified for.
Dimension (5.7)
Dimension (5.7)
PE
PA
PC
PF PG
Welding position (5.8)
PB
PA
PD
PF PG
Welding position (5.8)
The range of qualfication for each welding position is given in Tables 9 and 10.
Welding position (5.8)
The range of qualification for weld details are specified in Table 11 and 12.
For welding process 311, a change from rightward welding (rw) to leftward welding (lw)
and vice versa requires a new qualification test.
Examination (6.1)
The welding and testing shall be witnessed by the examiner or examining body.
• Notified body
Examination (6.1)
• Welder ID
• Welding position
• Dimensions in mm.
Test pieces (6.2)
• Dimensions in mm.
• Dimensions in mm.
Test pieces (6.2)
• Dimensions in mm.
• The welder shall follow a pWPS or WPS according to ISO 15609-1 or ISO 15609-2.
• Test piece shall have at least one stop and restart in the root and capping run. For a
multiprocess this is a requirement for both weld method.
• For root and filler runs minor imperfections are allowed to be removed after
permission from the examiner.
• Any post-weld heat treatment requried in the pWPS or WPS may be omitted.
• The examiner can cancel the qualification at any time (Eg. the welder doesn’t follow
pWPS/WPS, lack of skills of the welder, major repairs)
Test methods (6.4)
For welding process 111,114, 121, 125, 136, 141, 142, 143, 145, 15 the following test
methods apply.
Radiographic testing
(ISO 17636)
Fracture test
(ISO 9017)
For welding process 131, 135, 138 and 311 the following test methods apply
Radiographic testing
(ISO 17636)
Fracture test
(ISO 9017)
• When radiographic testing is used, then additional bend or fracture tests are mandatory.
For welding process 111, 114, 121, 125, 131, 135, 136, 138, 141, 142, 143, 145, 15
and 311 the following test methods apply.
• Fracture test can be replaced by a macroscopic examination of at least two sections. At least one
section shall be taken from the stop/start location.
The finished test pieces shall be examined to determine whether it meets the
requirements. Except for 25 mm on each end of the test piece (plate).
The test piece shall be evaluated according to ISO 5817, quality level B.
Except for:
• No grinding on the root and the face side of the weld (according to 6.3).
• Stop and restart in the root run and in the capping run are identified.
The welder’s qualification begins from the date of welding and is valid with the following
method:
– The manufacturer has a verified quality requirement according to ISO 3434-2 or ISO 3834-3.
– The manufacturer has documented that the welder has produced welds of acceptable quality
where weld position, weld type, material backing or no material backing conforms to the
examination.
Regardless of the chosen method the welder certificate has to be confirmed every 6
months by the responsible person for welding.
This conformation shows that the welder has worked within the range of qualification of
the certificate.
When there is a specific reason to question a welder's ability to make welds that meet
the product standard quality requirements, the qualifications shall be revoked.
If the welder pass the qualification test a welder certificate shall be issued.
The supplementary fillet weld test shall be recorded on the certificate for the associated
butt weld qualification.
Designation (11)
The designation of a welder qualification shall compromise the following items in the
order given: