Regd. No.

08-M-1835

B. E. (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING) DEGREE EXAMINATIONS, APRIL / MAY 2014

THIRD SEMESTER
308MET05 - FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY
(REGULATIONS 2008)
Time: 3 Hours Maximum: 100 Marks
Answer ALL the questions
PART – A (10 X 2 = 20 Marks)
1. What are non- Newtonian fluids? Give Examples.
2. The converging pipe with inlet and outlet diameters of 200 mm and 150 mm carries the oil
whose specific gravity is 0.8. The velocity of oil at the entry is 2.5 m/s, find the velocity at the exit
of the pipe and oil flow rate in kg/sec.
3. Define boundary layer. Give its significance.
4. Find the loss of head when a pipe of diameter 200 mm is suddenly enlarged to a diameter of
400 mm. Rate of flow of water through the pipe is 250 litres/s.
5. What do you understand by fundamental and derived units?
6. Define Froude number and Mach number.
7. What are the functions of draft tube?
8. A pump is to discharge 0.82 m3/s at a head of 42 m when running at 300 rpm. What type of
pump will be required?
9. When do the negative slips occurs?
10. What are the functions of air vessel?
PART – B (5 X 16 = 80 Marks)
11. a) A drainage pipe is tapered in a section running full of water. The pipe diameter at in let and
exit is 100cm and 50cm respectively. The water surface is 2m above the centre of the inlet
and exit is 3m above the free surface of the water. The pressure at the exit is 250mm of Hg
vacuum. The frictional loss between the inlet and exit of the pipe id 1/10 of the velocity head
at the exit. Determine the discharge through the pipe.
(OR)
11. b) i) Derive the linear momentum equation using the control volume approach and determine
the force exerted by the fluid flowing through a pipe bend.
ii) A jet issuing at a velocity of 25m/s is directed at 35° to the horizontal. Calculate the height
cleared by the jet at 28m from the discharge location? Also determine the maximum height
the jet will clear and the corresponding horizontal location.

12. a) i) Obtain a relationship between shear stress and pressure gradient for laminar flow through
circular pipes. (10)
ii) What do you mean by displacement thickness, energy thickness and momentum
thickness. (6)
(OR)
12. b) i) Oil with a density of 900 kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity of 6.2× 10–4 m2/s is being discharged
by a 6mm diameter, 40m long horizontal pipe from a storage tank open to
the atmosphere. The height of the liquid level above the center of the pipe is 3m.
Neglecting the minor losses, determine the flow rate of oil through the pipe.
ii) An oil of specific gravity 0.7 is flowing through a pipe of diameter 30cm at the rate of
500lps. Find the head lost due to friction and power required to maintain the flow for a
length of 100m. Take kinematic viscosity as 0.29stokes.
13. a) i) Derive an expression for the shear stress at the pipe wall when an incompressible fluid flows
through a pipe under pressure. Use dimensional analysis with following significant
parameters: Pipe diameter D, Flow velocity V, Viscosity µ and Density ρ of the fluid. (10)
ii) Use dimensional analysis and the MLT system to arrange the flowing in to a non
dimensional number: L, ρ, µ, σ . (6)
(OR)
13. b) i) Using dimensional analysis, obtain a correlation for the frictional torque due to rotation of a
disc in a viscous fluid. The parameters influencing the torque can be identified as
the diameter, rotational speed, viscosity and density of the fluid.
ii) The drag force on a smooth sphere is found to be affected by the velocity of flow ‘u’, the
diameter ‘D’ of the sphere and the fluid properties density and viscosity Find the
dimensionless groups to correlate the parameters.

14. a) In an inward radial flow turbine, water enters at an angle of 22° to the wheel tangent to the
outer rim and leaves at 3 m/s. The flow velocity is constant through the runner. The inner and
outer diameters are 300mm and 600mm respectively. The speed of the runner is 300 rpm.
The discharge through the runner is radial. Find the (i) Inlet and outlet blade angles (ii) Taking
inlet width as 150mm and neglecting the thickness of the blades, find the power developed
by the turbine.
(OR)
14. b) i) Define manometric efficiency, volumetric efficiency, mechanical efficiency, overall efficiency
as applied to centrifugal pump. (6)
ii) The inner and outer diameters of an impeller of a centrifugal pump are 250 mm and 500 mm
respectively. The velocity of flow at outer is 1.5m/s and vane outlet angle 600. If the
manometric efficiency is 75%, find out the minimum speed required to start the flow. (10)

15. a) i) With a neat sketch explain the working of double acting reciprocating pump with its
performance characteristics. (10)
ii) Calculate the rate of flow in and out of the air vessel on the delivery side in a single acting
reciprocating pump of 220mm bore and 330mm stroke running at 50rpm. Also find the
angle of crank rotation at which there is no flow into or out of the air vessel. (6)
(OR)
15. b) i) Discuss in detail about rotary positive displacement pumps.
ii) The diameter and stroke of a single acting reciprocating pump are 120mm and 300mm
respectively. The water is lifted by a pump through a total head of 25m. The diameter and
length of delivery pipe are 100mm and 20m respectively. Find out:
1. Theoretical discharge and theoretical power required to run the pump if its speed is
60 rpm.
2. Percentage slips, if the actual discharge is 2.95 l/s.