PROJECT REPORT

ON

E- Governance

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
Prof. Swati Singh 1) Nitin Katiyar -196
2) Ashish Bajpai-

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 CONTENTS
Sr No. Particulars Page No.

1 Meaning 3

2 Mission and Objectives 3

3 Value of IT in e-governance 3

4 E-governance Architecture 4

5 National e-governance Plan 5

6 e-governance market 5

7 e-governance initiatives 5

8 E-readiness 7

9 Perspective- WebCITI –e governance project (Case Study) 9

10 Recommendation by National Knowledge Commission 12

11 Conclusion 14

MEANING

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E-Governance —the use of IT to improve the ability of government to address the needs of
society. It includes the publishing of policy and program related information to transact with
citizens. It extends beyond provision of on-line services and covers the use of IT for strategic
planning and reaching development goals of the government

E-Governance is the public sector’s use of information and communication technologies with the
aim of improving information and service delivery, encouraging citizen participation in the
decision-making process and making government more accountable, transparent and effective.

MISSION AND OBJECTIVES

With the sole mission of bringing district administration closer to the common people thus
offering efficient and effective services,E governance is evolved with the following objectives.

To provide a friendly, affordable, speedier and efficient interface between the government
and the public.
To ensure greater transparency, efficiency, objectivity, accountability and speed.

To provide responsive and transparent services to the citizens of the state.

To provide cost effective service and at the same time improving the quality of service.
To provide a single window for government services at district level.

The value of IT in governance

State and central governments have realised the benefits of IT. Four deployments that
highlight the benefits of e-governance in ensuring productivity are detailed by Atanu
Kumar Das

The GRAMSAT project

The Government of India decided to connect different blocks

across Orissa under the ambit of a project called GRAMSAT. To
do this it enlisted the aid of the Indian Research Space
Organisation (ISRO). The National Informatics Centre (NIC) was
assigned the responsibility of setting up a VSAT network in 350 blocks of the
state. After making a thorough technical and commercial evaluation, NIC short-
listed Hughes Technology as the supplier of the VSAT solution for the state-wide block
level network.

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The principal applications include the Internet, development information network (DIN)
and the national resource information system (NRIS). The goal was to eradicate illiteracy
in the rural belt.
Hughes Escorts Communications was given the responsibility for
rolling out the entire network including the installation, commissioning
and implementation of the hub and remote sites. A dedicated hub was
established at NIC, Delhi, to cater to the needs of the project. The hub is
operational on a 7 metre Ku Band antenna with Hughes DirecWAY
platform at the baseband level. The present outroute and inroute configurations are 8 and
4 Mbps (aggregate) respectively. The remote sites have DirecWAY 6000 series two-way
broadband VSAT system with 1.2 metre Ku Band antenna and 1 watt Radio Frequency
Transmitter.

The network has been successfully implemented on the DirecWAY platform that offers
various modulation and coding schemes as well as several types of inroute access
methods to give optimum performance for different applications while minimising the
required inroute bandwidth. It also supports several QoS and performance enhancement
features such as spoofing, prioritisation, compression and packet filtering.

E-Governance Architecture

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NATIONAL E-GOVERNANCE PLAN
The Government of India has launched the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) with the intent
to support the growth of e-governance within the country. The Plan envisages creation of right
environments to implement G2G,G2B,G2E and G2C services.

To ensure Interoperability among e-Governance applications, Government of India has setup an

Institutional mechanism for formulation of Standards through collaborative efforts of
stakeholders like Department of Information Technology(DIT), National Informatics Centre
(NIC), Standardization Testing and Quality Certification( STQC), other Government
departments, Academia, Technology Experts, Domain Experts, Industry, BIS, NGOs etc. In this
process there is a provision of formal Public review also.

The e-Governance Standards portal ( http://egovstandards.gov.in ) provides a platform for

password protected sharing of ideas, knowledge, and draft documents among the members of
various committees involved in standards formulation process. It also has a provision for web
publishing of draft documents for review comments by the closed user group and the Public.

The e-Governance market

The Economic Times recently reported that the government in India is emerging as the fourth
largest vertical spender on information technology after the telecom, manufacturing and banking
and finance industries. According to Gartner estimates, the Indian government has spent around
1 billion USD on information technology in 2002. This includes the expenditure of the Central
and state governments on hardware, software, telecommunication equipment, telecommunication
services, and IT services, but excludes salary costs of IT staff. In fact, the governments
accounted for 9 per cent of the total IT spend in India for the year 2002, and in five years that is
estimated to go up to 15 per cent. Though e-government is still in its infancy, over 20
states/union territories already have an IT policy in place. In terms of basic computerization,
police departments, treasury, land records, irrigation and justice are seen as having the maximum
potential.

Some E-governance Initiatives

State/Union Initiatives covering departmental automation, user charge collection, delivery

Territory of policy/programme information and delivery of entitlements

Andhra Pradesh e-Seva, CARD, VOICE, MPHS, FAST, e-Cops, AP online—One-stop-shop

on the Internet, Saukaryam, Online Transaction processing

Bihar Sales Tax Administration Management Information

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Chattisgarh Chhattisgarh Infotech Promotion Society, Treasury office, e-linking project

Delhi Automatic Vehicle Tracking System, Computerisation of website of RCS

office, Electronic Clearance System, Management Information System for
Education etc

Goa Dharani Project

Gujarat Mahiti Shakti, request for Government documents online, Form book online,
G R book online, census online, tender notice.

Haryana Nai Disha

Himachal Lok Mitra

Pradesh

Karnataka Bhoomi, Khajane, Kaveri

Kerala e-Srinkhala, RDNet, Fast, Reliable, Instant, Efficient Network for the
Disbursement of Services (FRIENDS)

Madhya Gyandoot, Gram Sampark, Smart Card in Transport Department,

Pradesh Computerization MP State Agricultural Marketing Board (Mandi Board) etc

Maharashtra SETU, Online Complaint Management System—Mumbai

Rajasthan Jan Mitra, RajSWIFT, Lokmitra, RajNIDHI

Tamil Nadu Rasi Maiyams–Kanchipuram; Application forms related to public utility,

tender notices and display

North-Eastern States

Arunachal Community Information Center. Forms available on

Pradesh,

Manipur, the Meghalaya website under schemes related to

Meghalaya,

Mizoram & social welfare, food civil supplies and consumer affairs, housing transport
Nagaland etc.

E-readiness

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The deployment of IT for furthering the priorities and goals of governance is dependent on many
factors. There are many constraints on realising the presumed potential uses of IT and these
reflect the readiness of governments to appropriate IT for pursuing development. Among the
most obvious and critical is the connectivity factor. 

State/Union Territory Official Website

Andaman & Nicobar (UT) http://andaman.nic.in/ 

Andhra Pradesh http://www.aponline.gov.in/apportal/index.asp 

Arunachal Pradesh http://arunachalpradesh.nic.in/govt.htm 

Assam http://assamgovt.nic.in/ 

Bihar http://bihar.nic.in/ 

Chandigarh (UT) http://chandigarh.nic.in/ 

Chhattisgarh http://chhattisgarh.nic.in/ 

Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT) http://goidirectory.nic.in/dadra.htm 

Daman & Diu (UT) http://daman.nic.in/ 

Delhi http://delhigovt.nic.in/newdelhi/index.html 

Goa http://goagovt.nic.in/ 

Gujarat http://www.gujaratindia.com/index.htm 

Haryana http://haryana.nic.in/ 

Himachal Pradesh http://himachal.nic.in/ 

Jammu & Kashmir http://jammukashmir.nic.in/ 

Jharkhand http://jharkhand.nic.in/ 

Karnataka http://www.kar.nic.in/govt 

Kerala http://www.kerala.gov.in/ 

Lakshadweep (UT) http://lakshadweep.nic.in/ 

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Madhya Pradesh http://www.mpgovt.nic.in/ 

Maharashtra http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/ 

Manipur http://manipur.nic.in/ 

Meghalaya http://meghalaya.nic.in/ 

Mizoram http://mizoram.nic.in/ 

Nagaland http://nagaland.nic.in/ 

Orissa http://orissagov.nic.in/ 

Pondicherry (UT) http://pondicherry.nic.in/ 

Punjab http://punjabgovt.nic.in/ 

Rajasthan http://www.rajasthan.gov.in/ 

Sikkim http://sikkim.nic.in/ 

Tamil Nadu http://www.tn.gov.in/ 

Tripura http://tripura.nic.in/ 

Uttar Pradesh http://www.upgov.nic.in/ 

Uttaranchal http://www.uttaranchalassembly.org/government.html 

West Bengal http://www.wbgov.com/e-gov/IntroJpgNew.htm 

PERSPECTIVE
Introduction of E-Governance is the key to making information technology (IT) relevant to
ordinary citizens. E-Governance is a culture, which changes how citizens relate to governments
as much as it changes how citizens relate to each other. It brings forth re-definition of needs and
responsibilities. Though computerization introduced successfully by NIC in different sectors in
the districts has yielded fruitful results, the concept of introducing E-Governance to implement
citizen-IT based applications in the district is the next logical step. The set of software developed
can be implemented as stand-alone versions as well as on client/server.It facilitates the citizens in
interacting with the government.

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Application Areas

The following key services are available in WebCITI. These have been identified on the basis of
interactions required by citizens with the district administration.

Property Registration Information System Module (PRISM)

Web based Information Dissemination System for the Public
Arms License
Peshi (Court) Branch of Deputy commissioner
Financial Assistance Schemes of the State Govt
Old Age Pension
Financial Assistance to Widows and Destitute Women
Financial Assistance to Dependent Children
Financial Assistance to Disabled Person
Issue of Rural Area certificates
Issue of Caste certificates
Issue of Domicile certificates
Issuance of Death & Birth Certificate
Record and Copying Branch
Freedom Fighter Information - Issuance of Bus Passes
Issuance of Licenses to Cinema Halls, Video Parlours & Guest Houses
Character Verification for New Recruitment
Succession Certificate for Legal Heirs
Certificate to Handicapped persons
Permission for Loud Speaker, Rallies, Conference
Issuance of Marriageability Certificate
Prohibitory Order regarding Liquor, Meat Shop, Processions, imposition of Sec144, Curfew
etc

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Highlights

MIT sponsored; Also funded by Punjab Govt

Members from MIT, IT department-Govt of Punjab, district administration, NICSI & NIC
Punjab to review the project
Technical Execution by NICSI and NIC Punjab State Unit|
Dialup connectivity from Tehsils / Blocks / Villages to district servers
Use existing databases as verification of identity of citizen and property
Query through Interactive Voice Response System
| LAN in Mini Secretariat
Public Information Kiosk in the City
Local language (Gurumukhi)

  Making information on Schemes, Forms, Procedures available from remote locations and on
Internet
Workflow like systems instead of input/output to facilitate tracking of progress Elimination
of verification and on the spot issue of certificates
Use of Citizen ID to provide unique identification
Linkages with Land Records, Census, BPL, Licenses, Ration Cards, Death and Birth database

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Salient Features

Single window system

On Line verification
On the spot delivery, wherever possible
Information/Status on Intranet/ Web
Generation of internal notes & verification forms to minimize delay
Based on Highly specific parametres to facilitate future changes
Business rules in database rather than hard-coded
Provision for entry of old records
Local Language (Gurumukhi)
Computerized acceptance-cum-fees receipt for Applications
Generation of Identity Card/ Passes/ Permissions/ Licenses /Certificates
User administration for each module
Audit of critical activities
MIS Reports

Technologies Used

All the modules of WebCITI have been developed using Visual Basic with SqlServer at the
backend. The web components are hosted on Apache web server and use Java Servlets.

Impact

The project was triggered by successful implementation of PRISM (Property Registration

Information System Module) in the sub-registrar offices, which is a living example of how to
deploy simple innovative ideas using IT tools to automate the procedures and enforcing rules to
avoid scope of misuse and at the same time provide better services to the citizens. On the other
hand it resulted in big jump in revenue collection. Such a large-scale acceptance created scope
for marching ahead to cover more govt services for e-governance. All the modules adhere to
single window concept in workflow and provide unique application identification. Currently the
access points are at Fateh Garh Sahib-intranet and once data builds up, it will be thrown open to
public through web. In the words of Sh Nirmal Jit Singh Kalsi, IAS, Director cum Secy(IT),
Govt of Punjab, "The main emphasis of WebCITI is on web enabled citizen centric services
coupled with the necessary administrative reforms. For the first time the State Government
decided to provide the government services on the basis of authentication through a Citizen
Data bases to be created on the basis of a house to house survey. The attempt is to bring the
services closer to common people ...."

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 RECOMMENDATIONS ON E-GOVERNANCE
by NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE COMMISSION

1. Government process reengineering before any computerization—

It is essential that we first redesign the government processes keeping the citizen at the centre,
providing hassle-free enablement of citizens, businesses, producers and consumers, replacing the
old mistrust and control regime from the British Raj. This redesigning of government processes
will drastically reduce the numbers and duration of successive steps required to obtain services.
It will also provide traceable records; enable enforcement of individual performance,
accountability, efficiency, productivity as well as transparency of policies and
processes.

2. 10 to 20 Important Processes and Services —

To make an immediate impact on citizens it is critical to identify and simplify important
processes and services, say 10 to 20 to begin with, which are currently cumbersome, bureaucratic
and prone to unnecessary delays and even corruption. These processes can be simplified and
made available as web-based services. Initially, these services could include birth certificate,
death certificate, proof of residence, ration/ ID cards, etc. Other processes can be
added over a period of time. This approach will require each state to implement these
processes in concert and learn from each other.

3. Common Standards—
At present various state governments are doing their own thing to selectively computerize their
processes and provide e-governance. Many of these programmes are vendor driven and not
scalable. It is critical to develop and enforce citizen/business entitlement standards uniformly
over all states and central ministries and functions, spanning from voting, taxes, certificates,
financial products, lawenforcement and welfare for individuals, properties of land, institutions,
businesses etc. These standards should not be hardware-centric and vendor dependent but should
enable easy participation by any State, Panchayat Institution, business.

4. Best Practices and Lessons from the Past—

A great deal of work has already been done in various central ministries and in state
governments. The key is to learn from these and design best practices that are affordable and
applicable nationwide to ensure ease of use and interoperability. We note that the government’s
own offices, laboratories, directorates etc., have immense amount of useful and relevant data
(e.g.seven centres of the National Bureau of Soil Science and Land Use Planning
NBSSLUP), which needs to be digitized and made publicly accessible for use and
analysis. This requires making the data collected by one agency, available across all
agencies as well as the public, subject to their sensitivity to national security.

5.National Infrastructure—
It is important to provide nationwide secure broadband infrastructure and associated hardware,
software and hosting facilities with easy access at all levels. This infrastructure should be based

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on user-pays principle and Public- Private partnership in investments and mutual accountability
and efficiency. This infrastructure creation should be led by the central government to enforce a
high level of security, uniformity and standards at every interface, regardless of state language,
culture, legacy and financial health.

6. Web-based Services—
To enforce standards and to keep the governance uniformly responsive and transparent, it is
recommended that state governments use templates created by the central government to offer
localised data and services in Indian languages. In this model, the private sector can invest in
creation of accessinfrastructure and building relevant business models for user-fee collection and
its sharing across all stakeholders, to ensure sustainability and adaptation for future
needs. This also implies that all public institutions will make sure that all public data is
available on the web.

7. Open Source Software —

Because of the enormous size and scope of the egovernance effort in India and because of the
availability of globally recognized software talent of Indians, we must actively encourage
wherever possible open source software implementations and open standards. This will allow us
to have cost-effective solutions and help develop open software products and standards. It will
also help improve scaling up as well as minimize delays caused by repeat tendering.

8. Specialist CITO (chief information technology officer)—

Each state and major central government departments must create an empowered chief
information technology officer, with relevant expertise and skills in the domain subject and IT
usage. These posts must be filled on open recruitment and draw the best and the
brightest from India’s technologically qualified talent. These officers should be paid
market salary and have a three year contract with the government, renewal of which
will be dependent on performance
.
9. New National Programmes—
As government plans to spend hundreds of thousands of crores on Bharat Nirman, rural
employment guarantee scheme, urban development initiatives etc., it is recommended that we
mandate that each of these programmes begin with well engineered e-governance
implementation and web-interface that ensures speedy delivery, productivity and efficiency. It is
recommended to invest 1 to 2 percent of the national program budget in establishing new
processes and associated e-governance infrastructure to improve delivery and reduce leakages.

10. Focused Organization—

For national e-governance to succeed it is critical to create an appropriate central organization
with structures that can operate in mission mode, with full autonomy and accountability. It is
recommended that we create an organization with a CEO, with board members drawn from IT
industry and government to redesign processes and procedures, to represent multiplicity of
stakeholders and diversity in domain expertise, and to drive the national e-governance
plan with facilitation from the CIT Ministry. The task of this organization shall include but not
be limited to;
a) Administrative reforms related to process reengineering

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b) Providing and maintaining common national ICT infrastructure for egovernance:

c) Providing leadership and framework for implementation with immediate

focus on selected mission mode projects ; and

CONCLUSION
For e-governance to succeed in India , the most important change that needs to take place within
government i.e. at the central ,state and municipal level-is not an understanding of technology or
an ability to leverage it or even the need to reinvent the government processes and systems. It is
all about changing mindsets.

For e-governance to make a tangible difference to the lives of the millions of un-served and
under-served in our country ,the government has to switch from a mindset of procurement where
technology is seen as input to one where it is focused on outcomes and services. Therefore, use
of technology in government has to be less about ordering PCs and servers but rather what one
can do with them in terms of making government more efficient.

What is required at this stage in India’s government sector is a strategic shift from the
commodity-based IT approach to a mature solution or service based approach. The government
sector need to start procuring IT services rather than procuring hardware and softwares. Within
this new approach, the IT related needs of government organization are addressed in conjunction
with an IT partner, and after a through consultation process.

This Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) model for managed services enables government to

concentrate on core, mission critical value-adding activities while moving technology-related
requirement to IT professionals(IT Partner)

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