The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex

HLA Complex
HLA Class I HLA Class II
Peptide Binding Cleft

Expressed on all α2 α1 β1 α1 Expressed on

nucleated cells antigen presenting
including: cells (APCs):
• T cells • Dendritic cells
• B cells • Macrophages
• Monocytes α3 β2-microgobulin β2 α2 • B cells
• Granulocytes

Cell Membrane

HLA Genes on Chromosome 6

Long Arm Short Arm

HLA Region HLA Class I

6p21.3-6p22.2
MICA, MICB - Class I Chain-Related Proteins
HLA Class II
HLA Class III
C4,Bf,C2 - Complement Components
B C E A G F TNF - Tumor Necrosis Factors
DRB1
DPB1

TAP1

DQA1
DPA1

DQB1

DRB3
TAP2

DRB5

MICB
DMB

LMP2

LMP7

TNF
DOB
DMA

DRB4
DOA

MICA
Bf
C2
DRA

C4

LMP2, LMP7 - Proteasome-Like Subunits

TAP1, TAP2 - Peptide-Transporter Subunits
DP DO DM DO DQ DR Complement
Components

Class II Class III Class I

0.9 Mb 0.8 Mb 2 Mb

Nomenclature
Hyphen used to SUFFIX EXPRESSION STATUS
separate gene name Field
from HLA prefix Separator Separators
L Low cell surface expression when compared to normal levels.

HL A- DRB4*01:03:01:02N S Expressed as a soluble, secreted molecule but is not present on the cell surface.

HLA Prefix Gene Field 1 Field 3 Suffix C Alleles that produce proteins that are present in the cytoplasm and not on the cell surface.
Allele Group used to show used to
a synonymous denote
DNA substitution changes in
A Aberrant expression where there is some doubt as to whether a protein is actually expressed.
within the expression
coding region

Q Expression of an allele is questionable, given that the mutation seen in the allele has
Field 2 Field 4 been shown to affect normal expression levels in other alleles.
Specific used to show
HLA Protein differences in
a non-coding
region N Alleles that have been shown not to be expressed (null).

HLA Typing and Crossmatching

PURPOSE ASSAYS TECHNIQUE PURIFIED LYMPHOCYTES STEMCELL TECHNOLOGIES
IMPROVE ASSAY? CELL ISOLATION KITS (CATALOG #)

Determine DNA-Based HLA Typing • Sequence-Specific Oligonucleotide Probes (SSOP) NO Not Applicable
HLA Type • Sequence-Specific Primer (SSP)
• Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

Serological HLA Typing • Typing Trays YES T Cells: 15061, 15061HLA1

• Microcytotoxicity Assays B Cells: 15064, 15064HLA1

Detect Donor Patient-Donor Crossmatch • Flow Cytometry Crossmatch (FCXM) Assay YES Total Lymphocytes: 19655, 19961HLA
Specific Antibodies • Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity (CDC) T Cells: 19671, 896712
(DSA) Crossmatch Assay B Cells: 19684, 896842

Anti-HLA Antibody Screening • Solid Phase Assays (Luminex®) NO Not Applicable

• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
1. This kit has been CE-marked as a Class I In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) device in the European Union according to the 98/79/EC In Vitro Diagnostic Device Directive and complies with its requirements.
2. This kit carries the CE mark and is available as a Class I In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) device in the European Union and Australia. To learn more about the regulatory status of this product in your specific region, contact info@stemcell.com.

Reference: 1. Howell WM et al. (2010) J Clin Pathol 63(5): 387–90. | 2. Lima-Junior J da C & Pratt-Riccio LR. (2016) Front Immunol 7: 13. | 3. Marsh SGE et al. (2010) Tissue Antigens 75(4): 291–455. | 4. Robinson J et al. (2015) Nucleic Acids Res 43 (Database issue): D423-31. | 5. Sasazuki T et al. (2016) Adv Immunol 129: 175–249. |
6. Tinckam KJ. (2012) In: Chandraker A, MH Sayegh, AK Singh (Eds.) Core Concepts in Renal Transplantation. Boston, MA: Springer US.: pp21–42. | 7. Zhang GL et al. (2014) Front Immunol 5: 597.

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