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MME 3104: METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS [3 0 0 3]

No. of Lecture hours: 36

Measurements and measurement systems: Methods of Measurement, Generalized


Measurement System & its elements, Static Characteristics of Instruments &
measurement systems: Accuracy, Precision, Sensitivity, Reproducibility, Repeatability,
Linearity, & Hysteresis. Threshold, Dead zone, Resolution. Errors in Measurement. [03]

Measurement of pressure: Definition of Pressure. List of instruments used to measure


pressure. Methods of pressure measurement - Elastic pressure elements (Bourdon Tube,
Bellows, & Diaphragm), McLeod Gauge and Bridgman gauge, Related problems. [04]

Measurement of temperature: Methods of temperature measurement Pressure


thermometer, Electrical Resistance thermometer, Thermocouples, Pyrometer
(Disappearing filament type optical pyrometer) & Problems, Bimetallic thermometer. [03]

Measurement of strain: Types of electrical resistance strain gauges, Theory of operation


of wire wound strain gauge, Gauge Factor, Strain gauge bridge circuit, Calibration Circuit,
Temperature compensation, Strain measurement on static and rotary shaft, Orientation
of strain gauges. Simple problems related to measurement of strain using strain gauge.
[05]

Measurement of force, torque and shaft power: Measurement of Force - Hydraulic &
Pneumatic load cells, Proving ring, Strain gauge load cell & related problems. Methods
of Torque & Shaft power - Cradled dynamometer, Torque Meter, Band Brake
dynamometer, Water Brake dynamometer. [03]

Limits, Fits and Tolerances: Terminology (as per Indian Standards IS 919), Grades of
Tolerances, Letter symbols for tolerances, Fits – definition, Types of fits – Clearance,
Interference and Transition. Numerical on limits and fit. [03]

Gauges: Taylor’s principle for design of gauges – Statements and explanation, Gauge
Maker’s tolerance – as per 3rd system (present British standards), Numerical on design
of gauges (complete shaft and hole pair) ,Types of gauges – Plug gauge, Ring gauge,
Taper plug gauge, Taper Ring gauge and slip gauges. [03]

Measurement of form errors: Straightness measurement– using straight edge, using


Autocollimator. Squareness measurement – Engineer’s Square tester, Optical Square.
Simple numerical on Straightness, Flatness and Squareness measurement. [04]

Surface texture measurement: Definitions - I, II, III, IV order (including their causes),
Roughness and Waviness, Lays, Indian standards symbols for Roughness, Analysis of
traces – Ra, Rz, Rt, Rq, Sampling length, hrms and Centerline Average (CLA), Simple
numerical on surface roughness. [04]
Screw threads: Definitions of elements of external screw threads, Pitch error in threads:
Progressive and Periodic, Measurement of the elements of the threads – Effective
diameter using screw thread micrometer, two wire and three wire methods, Best size wire,
Simple numerical on screw threads. [04]

References:
1. Beckwith Thomas G., Mechanical Measurements, Pearson Education, Delhi, 2003.
2. Jain R.K., Engineering Metrology, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 1997.
3. Sawhney A.K., Mechanical Measurement & Instrumentation, Dhanpat Rai & Co,
New Delhi, 2002.
4. Nakra B.C. and Chaudry K.K., Instrumentation, Measurement & Analysis, Tata
McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2002.
5. Gupta I. C., Engineering Metrology, Dhanpat Rai Publications, New Delhi, 1997
6. ASTME, Handbook of Engineering Metrology, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi,
1972
7. Raghavendra N.V. and Krishnamurthy L., Engineering Metrology and
Measurements, Oxford University Press, 2013.

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