Earth Science Spring 09' Finals Study Guide

Test Format
ο Matching
ο TrueIFalse
ο Multiple Choice ..\- (",
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Chapters Covered )
• Oceanography Unit
o Chapters 19-21 • Meteorology Unit
o Chapters 22 & 23
• Astronomy Unit
o Chapters 26-30
'. Finals Schedule
Friday May 29 12:sl2:35 Per 7-:'- ~~'I'-'" ,

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Wednesday June 3 7:50-9:35' Per~
9:35-11:35 M~e ups ,''''
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Thursday June 4 7:50-9:3St ller'~ r. j'\ ~

9:35-11:35 M~l''.ips
Oceanography Chapter 19 - Ocean Basin
ο Exploration of the Ocean - How did they discover the makeup of the ocean floor?
ο Features of the Ocean Floor - What are the land features of the ocean floor o Continental Shelf, Slope, and Rise
--0 Deep OceanDasifts TFClChes,...Abysstl1..P1ains~ Mid Ocean. RJ~i-~' Seamounts
Chapter 20 - Ocean Water . '-' ~---=--
• Properties of Ocean Water- What is the make up of Ocean: water?
ο Dissolved Gases, temperatures effect and the ocean as a carbon sink
ο Dissolved Solids in the ocean
ο Salinity in the ocean and the factors that change it
ο Ocean water Temperature, Thermocline
ο Density of Ocean Water
• Life in the Oceans - How does ocean currents support ocean life?
ο Upwelling
ο Ocean Environments - Benthic/Pelagic Zones Chapter 21- Movements of the Ocean
• Ocean Currents - How does ocean water circulate around the world?
ο Surface Currents and the factors that effect them
ο Deep Ocean Currents
• Ocean Waves - What creates and effects ocean waves
ο Wave sizes, what variables effect wave size?
ο Breakers
ο Undertows/Rips Currents
ο Tsunamis
• Tides - What creates the ocean tides and what are their features • Spring TidesINeap Tides
o Tidal Variations and Currents (flood
& ebb tides)
. . . •. .. -..•..

--'-'-
Meteorology Unit
Chapter 22 - The Atmosphere
• Composition of the Atmosphere - What makes up the atmosphere?
ο Gases that make up the atmosphere, most common compounds
ο Ozone
ο Atmospheric Pressure - What creates atmospheric pressure, why does it decrease as altitude increases?
ο Layers of the Atmosphere - What are the layers and what do they contain?
ο Temperature Inversions - What 'creates smog?
• Radiation -W hattypes of electromagnetic spectrum reach earth?
ο How does the Ozone protect us?
ο How does the Greenhouse Effect work?
• Temperatures in the Atmospheres - What determines the temperature in the atmosphere?
ο Latitude& Season
ο Water in Atmosphere
• Atmospheric Circulation - Why do the winds blow in the directions that they do?
ο Coriolis Effect
ο Global Winds - Trade Winds, Westerlies, Easterlies
ο Local Winds - breezes (land and sea) Chapter 23 - Water in the Atmosphere
• Atmospheric Moisture - How does water stay in the atmosphere?
ο Latent Heat& Phase Changes
ο Humidity - relative vs absolute
• Clouds& Fog - What is a cloud, how is it formed and how are they classified?
ο Adiabatic Cooling, Mixing, Lifting, Advective Cooling
ο Classification of clouds - Stratus, Cumulus, Cirrus
ο Types of fog - radiation, advection
• Precipitation - How does rain/snow/sleet occur?
o Causes for precipitation -. coalescence
& supercooling
Astronomy Unit
Chapter 26 - Studying Space
• History of Astronomy -- Ancient beliefs vsmodem beliefs o Geocentric Model vs Heliocentric Model
ο Studying Space - Space vs Land Based Astronomy
ο Astronomy and Time- Astronomical concepts as basis for time (years, months, days, noon, time zones, etc)27 - Solar
Chapter
System
• Formation of Solar System
ο Nebular Theory
ο Make up of our solar system
• Classification of Planets (Terrestrial vs Jovian)
ο Classification to be a planet, planet vs dwarf planet
ο Characteristics of Bach (moons, rings, distance from sun, make up, etc)
ο Moons of Jupiter& Saturn Chapter 28 - Minor Bodies of the Solar System
ο Moon (formation of, characteristics of)
ο Eclipses& Lunar Cycle (phases of the moon)
Chapter 29 - The Sun
ο Nuclear Fusion (how the SWl is fueled)
ο Suns layers
ο Solar Activity (sunspots, solar flares, prominences)
ο Auroras
Chapter 30 - Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
ο Motion of Stars - apparent vs actual motion, Doppler Effect
ο Distances to Stars - light years, parallax
ο Stellar Brightness - factors that effect brightness of the star
ο Classification of stars - Hertzsprung Russell Diagram
ο Life Cycle of Stars (main sequence to Giants or Super Giants)
ο Nebulas, White Dwarfs, Super Novas, Black holes
ο Constellations& Galaxies - How are s~ grouped?
ο Big Bang Theory - How did the Universe begin?
ο Proof for Big Bang
ο Expanding Universe

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