DETAILED LESSON PLAN

DLP No.: 37 Learning Area: Science Grade Level: 8 Quarter: 1st Duration: 1hr

Learning Explain the functions of circuit breakers, fuses, earthing, double insulation, Code: S8FE -
Competency/ies: and other safety devices in the home. Ih-33
Key Concepts /  . A short circuit happens when the exposed parts of the electrical wires touch one another.
Understandings When the exposed wires were made to touch, a shortened path was provided for the current.
to be Developed: Since the path has been shortened, current will no longer take the path through the bulb,
thereby decreasing the total resistance in the path of current.
 When the current in the circuit exceeds the wire’s current rating, on overload of the circuit
occurs. Overloading can also generate a lot of heat in the wire that can cause a fire
outbreak.

1. Objectives
Knowledge Identify what causes short circuit and overload of the circuit
Skills Infer the effect of octopus wiring at home
Attitudes Determine safety tips inside and outside home
Values Display disaster risk management using some safety precautions needed in using electricity
2. Content/Topic Safety in Using Electricity

3. Learning For Activity 4B

Resources/Mat 2 connecting wires
erials/Equipme 2 dry cells in a battery holder
nt 1 bulb in a bulb holder
LM, pp 66- 67
TG, pp 46
CG, pp 46
4. Procedures (indicate the steps you will undertake to teach the lesson and indicate the no. of minutes each step will
consume)

Introductory
Activity ElectricalSafetyKids[ixconverter.com].mp4
Play a video entitled, “
(5mins) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIYVTUCpVP4

Guide Question:

What are the safety tips inside home that shown in the video? Outside home?

Activity  The student will perform activity 4. Refer to LM pp. 66-67)

 The teacher will inspect first the materials needed for the said activity.
(15 mins.)  Each group will be given 1 minute to present their collaborative output.

Activity No. 4
Stay Safe!

4B. Don’t keep it short!

1. Remove about 2 cm insulation from the ends of the connecting wires.

2. Construct a circuit using the bulb, 2 batteries, and connecting wires with exposed parts you made in
step 1.

Figure 15. A circuit with exposed wires

 3. Make the exposed parts of the wire touch momentarily. Do not keep them in contact for so long.
4. Draw the setup and trace the path the current takes when the exposed parts of the wires touch
each other.

Analysis Answer the Guide questions in Activity 4 pp 66-67.

(10mins) 1. What happened to the bulb?
2. Explain what happened to the bulb when the exposed wires momentarily touched.
3. When the exposed wires were momentarily touched the path of current was shortened (hence the
term short circuit) compared to the original path which include the bulb. What was the effect on the
resistance of the circuit when the path of current was shortened or when a short circuit occurred?
4. What was the effect on the current when a short circuit occurred?

A circuit with a battery and a wire leading from positive to negative terminal without a load
Abstraction
would lead to a high rate of charge flow. Such a circuit is referred to as a short circuit. It would heat
(15 mins.) the wires to a high temperature and drain the battery of its energy rather quickly.

https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/short-circuit-occurs-conductors-leading-back-to-
power-source-become-connected-67672246.jpg

A short circuit happens when the exposed parts of the electrical wires touch one another.
When the exposed wires were made to touch, a shortened path was provided for the current, hence
the term short circuit. Since the path has been shortened, current will no longer take the path through
the bulb, thereby decreasing the total resistance in the path of current. This will result in a large
current in the shortened circuit. Short circuits are dangerous especially with the high line voltage in
our houses (220V compare to 1.5V of dry cells) because the large current produced can generate a
lot of heat that could start a fire.

The current that a wire of given

diameter can safely carry is indicated by
its current rating. When the current in the
circuit exceeds the wire’s current rating,
on overload of the circuit occurs.
Overloading can also generate a lot of
heat in the wire that can cause a fire
outbreak.

In designing electrical installations,

engineers estimate the current
requirements of appliances and electrical devices the owner intends to use and make these as the
basis for selecting the appropriate size of wire in wiring the house.

http://albanyelectric.biz/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/overloaded_circuit.jpg
Fuses and Circuit Breakers:

When a wire carries more current than it is designed to carry it will get HOT. The insulation
will then burn.

• Fuse-A device with a thin strip of wire (metal) that will melt if too much current flows. This is
part of the circuit. (When the fuse melts or “blows” the circuit is broken.)

• Circuit Breaker- device which uses an electromagnet to turn off a circuit when it is
overloaded.

Top 10 Rules for Electric Safety

To play it safe around your home, just remember the rules for using electricity the right way.

1. DON'T plug a bunch of stuff into one outlet or extension cord.

It could damage the electrical system in your house or even cause a fire.

2. DO ask grown-ups to put safety caps on all unused electrical outlets.

Covering outlets will also help save energy by stopping cold drafts.

3. DON’T yank an electrical cord from the wall.

Pulling on a cord can damage the appliance, the plug or the outlet.

4. DO make sure all electric cords are tucked away, neat and tidy.
Pets might chew on electrical cords, and people might trip and fall.

5. DO ask a grown-up for help when you need to use something that uses
electricity.

6. DO look up and look out for power lines before you climb a tree.
The electricity can go right through the tree branch - and right through you!
 7. DON'T ever climb the fence around an electrical substation.
If a ball or pet gets inside the fence, ask a grown-up to call the electric company -
they'll come and get it out for you.

8. DO remind your mom or dad to watch out for power lines when they're
using a ladder, chainsaw or other outdoor equipment.

9. DO keep electrical stuff far away from water.

Most electrical accidents around the house happen when people use electricity
near water.

10. DON’T fly a kite near power lines.

The kite and the string may conduct electricity –

http://www.scuolacascia.it/attivita/clil2/webquest/resources/alliant%20energy/www.powerhousekids.co
m/stellent2/groups/public/documents/pub/phk_eb_ae_001468.html

Application
(5 mins) 1. What happens to the total resistance of the circuit when more and more appliances are
connected to one outlet?
2. What happens to the total current?
3. Overloading a circuit can start a fire. Explain.

5. Assessment (indicate whether it is thru Observation and/ or Talking/conferencing to learners and/or

Analysis of Learners’
Products and/or Tests) ______minutes

(5 mins.) Find the hidden dangers in this picture.

Direction: Identify what safety precaution measures shown in the picture.

 2
1

3 5

http://www.alliantenergykids.com/FunandGames/OnlineGames/007005

a. Don't yank on a cord to unplug something.

b. It's dangerous to plug too many things into one extension cord.
c. Never, ever stick anything into an electrical appliance.
d. Help your mom or dad put safety caps on electrical outlets.
e. Keep anything that uses electricity far away from water.

6. Assignment (indicate whether it is for Reinforcement and/or Enrichment and/or Enhancement of the day’s
lesson and/or
Preparation for a new lesson) ______minutes

(3 mins)  Present a role play that shows some precautionary measures to avoid fire and what to do in
case of fire.
 Each group will be given 5 minutes to perform.

7. Wrap-
up/Concluding “ Overloading an electric circuit can produce a memorable high.”
Activity
(2 minutes)

Prepared by:

Name: Mervic C. Cuizon School: Beatriz D. Durano Memorial National High School
Position/Designation: Teacher 1 Division: Danao City
Contact Number: 09434499204 Email address: mervic.cuizon@deped.gov.ph
Bibliography:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIYVTUCpVP4

https://johnians.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/electric-charges-current.ppt

http://www.scuolacascia.it/attivita/clil2/webquest/resources/alliant%20energy/www.powerhousekids.com/stellent2/
groups/public/documents/pub/phk_eb_ae_001468.html

http://www.alliantenergykids.com/FunandGames/OnlineGames/007005

Appendices:

1. Handouts

2. Answers to Analysis Questions:

Q22. The light goes off when the wires touch each other.
Q23. The current took the path of the exposed part of the wire touching each other.
Q24. The resistance encountered in the short circuit where the charges flowed is lower.
Q25. The current in the short circuit increases.
Q26. Short circuits cause fire when the nearby materials near the wires becomes so hot and starts to burn.

3. Answers to Application Questions:

1. Resistance decreases as more appliances are connected to one outlet.

2. The total current increases.
3. Overloading the circuit can make the wires hot setting combustible materials on fire.

4. Answers to Evaluation
1. B
2. E
3. D
4. C
5. A