ARMAMENTARIUM

ARMAMENTARIUM for Rubberdam Isolation

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Techniques

Routine techniques

 Single motion technique the dam, clamp and

frame are adapted to the tooth together in
single motion

Double motion technique

 The clamp is first adapted on the tooth and the

dam is stretched over the clamp to hug the
cervical area of the tooth or vice versa

Techniques for special situation

1. Multiple isolation (3 tooth dental dam isolation

technique)
Used for treatment of multiple adjacent teeth,
mobile tooth which cannot hold a clamp, tooth
with calcified pulp chamber and canals

2. Multiple isolation
It can either be done with:
 2 clamps with the posterior tooth
clamped normally and the more
anterior tooth clamped in reverse

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 The most posterior tooth is clamped ARMAMENTARIUM FOR Access preparation
normally and the dam is tucked with a
strip of dam, floss or wedjets cord at
the interproximal at the other end to
hold the anterior portion of the dam in
place

3. Split dam method

 Used for isolation of insufficient tooth
crown structure or teeth difficult to
isolate
Intercanal instruments

4. Exploring instrments
Endodontic explorer/ path finder

 Two holes are punched creating one ARMAMENTARIUM FOR Scouting

opening. Clamp is adapted on the most
posterior tooth and the dam is
stretched mesially to include the
anterior tooth and secured with strip of
dam, floss or wedjets cord.
 Cotton roll isolation is used to
supplement

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3. Power-Assisted Rotary Instruments (PARI)

ProFiles
ProTapers
GT Files
K-3
Hero
Precision Endodontic System
Liberator

Instruments differ according to:

ARMAMENTARIUM FOR Cleaning and Shaping
 Metal
Shaping instruments
 Taper
Shaping can be achieved through the use of:  Tip design
 Cross sectional geometry
1. Hand-Applied Filling Instrument (HAFI)
 Length of cutting blades
Stainless steel k type files
Hedstrom- type files  Sizing
NiTi K-type files

2. Hand-Applied Rotary Instrument

(HARI)
K-type Reamers
Progressively Taepered Instruments
 ProTapers for hand
 Hand GT
 SafeSiders

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Taper

 Definition
Increase in diameter per unit length

Cross- Sectional geometry

Three radial lands

Taper of Instruments
o Each contains bidirectional cutting edges
o Stainless steel files – 0.02 taper
o Keep instrument centered in the canal
o OS – Variable tapers ranging from 0.05
o Cutting edges scrape dentin
to 0.08
o Series 29 rotary profiles – 0.06 taper
o NiTi hand files – 0.04 taper

Tip Design

Function of file tip

o Designed to follow a pilot hole

o Guides instruments through canal during
preparation

Tip Design

o Non – Cutting tip

o Bullet nose (60 degree) tip
o Smooth transition angle where tip meets flat
radial lands
Radial lands separated by three u-shaped flutes
o Provide space for accumulation of debris
o Moves debris out of canal

Length of cutting blade

o Traditionally 16mm
o Orifice shapers – 10 mm

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Sizing of instruments 7. Ultrasonics
8. ZOE paste
ISO SIZES
9. Photoactivated disinfection (photodynamic
o Numbers refer to tip diameter in tenths of mm therapy
o The tip diameter increases by 0.05 by mm from 10. Ozone (healozone)
sizes 10 to 60 then by 0.10 mm 11. High frequency current (edox)
12. Endo vac system

Currently used Disinfectants

 Calcium hydroxide - mix with water to make in

slurry and introduce into the canal
 Iodine – used in a form of iodine potassium
iodide (iki 2 %) – very effective but not
commercially available
 Ledermix paste –composed of 3.21 %
demethylchlortetracycline and 1 %
triamcinolone acetonide in water- soluble
cream ( currently not recommende for use in
USA)
 Chlorhexidine (CHX) – 2 % solution of
chlorhexidine gluconate; chlorhexidine (CHX) 5
% embedded in points for application in the
root canal. Have excellent antimicrobial
property
 MTAD – mixture of tetracycline and acid and
detergent (an acid root canal cleanser that is a
futuristic projection for irrigation and
disinfection) the material consists of
ARMAMENTARIUM FOR Disinfection and
doxycycline, citric acid and tween 80.
Temporization

Disnfection and temporization MTAD (MIXTURE OF TETRACYCLINE ACID DETERGENT)

1. NaOCI  Used As Irrigant To Remove smear layer from

2. EDTA the orifice to the apex
3. Ca(oh)2  Kills resistant strain of entorrococcus faecalli
4. Hypodermic syringe (anti-bacterial)
5. ZOE paste  Enhances biocompatibility
6. 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) for 30 sec. to 1 min.  Opens dentinal tubule orifices for better canal
seal

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ARMAMENTARIUM – FOR OBTURATION  Has better lighting of the operating field
compared with DENTAL OPERATING
LIGHT OR HEAD LAMP
 Photography and videography may be
attached to document the treatment

 LOUPES

 With a fixed
Access and Contemporary Technologies and magnification of 2.5x to
Materials 6.0x
 Focuses at close range
magnification
 Used for routine
procedure like resto,
endo and perio surgery.
MAILLEFER ENDO ORGANIZER PINDBORG TRAY
COMPARISON
LOUPE MICROSCOPE
 2.5x to 6.0x  Higher
magnification magnification
configuration
 Fixed  Magnification
magnification level may be
change without
refocusing
 Ability to move  Px should remain
with the px fixed position to
maintain
operation field.
MAGNIFICATION
 Entire work area  There is line of
 Magnification in routine and operating sight
dental procedure has become a field is visible
necessity today because it provided
the operator the ability to focus at  ACCU-CAM
close range specially for older
clinicians for better deliver of quality
care

 OPERATING MICROSCOPE

 Provide inproved visualization compared

to an unaided eye
 Levels of magnification is from 15x to
30x
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LIGHTING
 Additional lighting aside from those provided by
the dental operating light is essential for better
illumination of the field of operation
 Fiberoptic cables or probes
 Head lamps
 Light for microscope

DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY
 This provides a
computerized imaging of the
tooth being treated

X-RAY FIL MOUNT/HOLDER

ROTARY INSTRUMENTATION AND ENDO ELECTRIC

HANDPIECE
 Electronic engine driven rotary endodontic
instruments are made of flexible nickel titanium
metal that aims to hasten and facilitate an
effective accurate canal cleaning and shaping.

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