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centrally placed load of 500 kN. Determine the pressure (the same
as stress) under the foundation. Is the foundation safe if the ground
can take 200 kN/m2?
7 Calculate the size of a square foundation which can safely carry
1000 kN on to ground whose permissible bearing pressure must not
exceed 130 kN/m2
8 Quote the two formulae which will give the stress in a section due to
a bending moment. Explain clearly with a sketch where the bending
stressesare and which stressesthe formulae give.
9 A timber joist 100 mm x 200 mm has a permissible bending stress
of 8N/mm2. Calculatethe maximumbendingmomentthat it can
safely withstand.
10 A Universal Beam hasI 45 717cm' and an overall depth
D = 467.4 mm. Determine the stress 100 mm from the neutral axis
due to a bending moment of 325 kN m.
(Hint: work in N and mmunits; I cm4 = 104mm4)
11 What UB is required to resist a bending moment (BM) Of 250 kNm
if the stressmust not exceed 165N/mm2?
12 What BM can the smallest UB resist? Allow a permissible stressOf
165 N/mm2.
13 What BM can the largest UB resist? Again, allow 165 N/mm
14 A section is formed from three plates: the web plate is 500 mm x
30 mm and the two flanges 200 mm x 30 mm each. The second
moment of area isl = 1156 x 106 mm4. The whole section carries a
shear force Q 1500 kN. Determine the variation in shear stress in
the section. Compare the average and the maximum stresseswith
those allowed in BS 449 (Fig. 5.7d).
15 A T-section with 100 mm x 10 mm flange and 200 mm x 10 mm
web carries a shear force of 120 kN. Plot the shear stress distribution.
16 A square foundation 2 m x 2 m carries a central load of 500 kN and
a bending moment of 60 kN m about an axis parallel to one side.
Sketch the pressure distribution under the base. To what value may
the moment increase before there is uplift?
17 A timber column 300 mm x 300 mm carries a vertical load of
100 kN eccentric 100 mm from one axis. Does any tension occur?
Sketch the stress distribution giving the values of the worst stresses.
18 The smallest Universal Column supports a load of 80 kN off one
flange with eccentricity e = 176.2 mm from the X—X axis. Deter-
mine the stress distribution and state the maximum compression and
tension that will occur.
19 At a certain point in a steel beam there is a longitudinal normal
stressof 100 N/mm2 tension and a shearstressof 50 N/mm2. Draw
Mohr's circle and determine the principal stresses, showing clearly
the planes on which they act.
20 In a prestressed concrete beam there is at a certain point a longi-
tudinal compressionof 10 N/mm2 anda shearstressof 2 N/mm
Draw a stress block with these stresses marked on it. Using Mohr's

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