POWER PRODUCTIVITY VISION USING

THERMAL ENERGY TILL 2025

Author(s)

MominNaeem

15-ME-167

Submitted To

Dr. Abid Hussain

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL & AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

TAXILA

July 2018

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 Abstract

POWER PRODUCTIVITY VISION USING THERMAL ENERGY TILL

2025

Pakistan being a third world country has to attend to a variety of issues dealing with a developing

state and Power generation is one of them. The average demand is about 22,000 MW and the

shortfall is between 5,000 to 6,000 MV. It is estimated that in 10 years the demand will rise up to

more than 5 percent which is about 1,500 MW. CPEC (China Pakistan Economic Corridor)

established on 22nd May 2013, now had taken upon many power projects and is optimistic that

till 2025 Pakistan will be able to overcome its power downfall. For the purpose of this report we

will focus on the power productivity using Thermal Energy.

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 UNDERTAKING

I certify that research work titled “Power Productivity Vision Using Thermal Energy Till 2025 ”

is my own work. The work has not been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has

been used from other sources it has been properly acknowledged/referred.

Signature of Student

MomenNaeem

[15-ME-167]

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Countless words of praise and thanks to Allah, the Almighty, the creator of the universe for

making the project easily attainable for us and always helping us out in the best feasible way.

Without his will and Mercy, we would not have been able to accomplish the milestone. We are

grateful to our parents for their love, moral support, encouragement and prayers throughout the

academic career.

We gratefully acknowledge to our Supervisor, Dr. Abid Hussain, for his continuous guidance,

inspiration and patience to improve the work presented in this report.

July2018

Momen Naeem

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

Abstract.........................................................................................................................................2

Acknowlegements.........................................................................................................................3

Undertaking..................................................................................................................................4

List of Tables ...............................................................................................................................4

Chapter 1 About Report……………………………………………………………………….8

1.1 Project Objective…………………………………………………………………………..8

1.3 Outline Of Thesis………………………………………………………....……………….8

Chapter 2 Introduction…………………………………………………………...……………9

2.1 About CPEC…………………………………………………….....…………..………….9

2.2 What is thermal energy? ……………..................……………………………..………….9

2.2 Thermal Power Station ……...................………………………………………...………9

Chapter 3 Description of Thermal Power Stations......................……………………..……..11

3.1 2×660MW Coal-fired Power Plants at Port Qasim Karachi……........................................11

3.2 Sahiwal 2x660MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Punjab 13.....................................................11

3.3 Engro Thar Block II ……………………………………………......................................12

3.4 300MW Imported Coal Based Power Project at Gwadar, Pakistan...................................13

3.5 SSRL Thar Coal Block-I 6.8 mtpa &SEC Mine Mouth Power Plant(2×660MW)............13

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3.6 CPHGC 1,320MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Hub,Balochistan.............................................14

3.7 Quaid-e-Azam 1000MW Solar Park (Bahawalpur) Quaid-e-Azam.....................................15

Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………...……16

References…………………………………………………………………………………...…17

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 LIST OF TABLE

Table 3.1.......................................................................................................................................11

Table 3.2........................................................................................................................................11

Table 3.3........................................................................................................................................12

Table 3.4........................................................................................................................................13

Table 3.5........................................................................................................................................13

Table 3.6........................................................................................................................................14

Table 3.7........................................................................................................................................15

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Today Pakistan's leading issue is the production and distribution of electricity throughout the

country. In today's day and age electricity has become a part of life like the air we breathe.

Almost everything we use in our daily life is electronic so, it is safe to say that electricity is as

important to human life as air and water. This report is based on the description and work of

some thermal power plants in the country and how the development of these plants will help the

country to grow and prosper.

1.1 Report Objective

To create a report that is an overview on the work and production of electricity of thermal power

plants in Pakistan.

1.2 Outline of Thesis

The objective consists of 4 chapters:

 The first chapter is about the report.

 The second chapter is about CPEC.

 The third chapter is about the thermal plants with their description.

 The fourth chapter is about financial description.

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 CHAPTER 2

China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)

2.1 About CPEC

CPEC was established on 22nd of May 2013 with China shaking hands with Pakistan to help the

development and growth of the country. At the very beginning the value of the projects were

estimated about $46 billion but the current worth of the projects is about $62 billion. The main

objective of CPEC was to modernize Pakistani infrastructure with the construction of modern

transportation system, numerous energy projects, and special economic zones. Pakistani officials

predict that CPEC will result in the creation of upwards of 2.3 million jobs between 2015–2030,

and add 2 to 2.5 percentage points to the country's annual economic growth.

2.2 What is Thermal Energy?

Thermal energy refers to the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its

temperature. Heat is the flow of thermal energy. A whole branch of physics, thermodynamics,

deals with how heat is transferred between different systems and how work is done in the

process.

2.3 Thermal Power Station

A thermal power station is a power station in which heat energy is converted to electric power.

In most of the places in the world the turbine is steam-driven. Water is heated, turns into steam

and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the

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turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known

as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the

different heat sources; fossil fuel dominates here, although nuclear heat energy and solar heat

energy are also used. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert

forms of heat energy into electrical energy. Certain thermal power stations are also designed to

produce heat energy for industrial purposes, or district heating, or desalination of water, in

addition to generating electrical power.

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 CHAPTER 3

Description of Thermal Power Stations

3.1 2×660MW Coal-fired Power Plants at Port Qasim Karachi

Reference:http://cpec.gov.pk/energy

Project 2×660MW Coal-fired Power Plants at Port Qasim Karachi

Primary Energy Input Coal (Imported)
Technology Super Critical
Installed Capacity (MW) 1320
Location Port Qasim
Province Sindh
Estimated Cost (US $ 1,980
Million)
Executing Company / Port Qasim Electric Power Company (Private) Limited
Sponsors
Financing Independent Power Producer (IPP)
Coordinating Ministry Ministry of Water and Power
Supervising Agency Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB)
Project Progress Update  Financial Closed (FC) achieved
 Civil works on site started in May 2015
 Jetty completed
 Plant 2 months ahead of schedule
 Energization in October 2017
 Ist Unit Inagurated in November 2017
 Second Unit Commercial Operation Date (COD) 25th
April 2018
 Project completed 67 days ahead of schedule

Table 3.1 (2×660MW Coal-fired Power Plants at Port Qasim Karachi)

3.2 Sahiwal 2x660 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant

Reference:http://cpec.gov.pk/energy

Project Sahiwal 2x660MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Punjab

Primary Energy Input Coal (Imported)
Technology Super Critical
Installed Capacity (MW) 1320
Location Sahiwal
Province Punjab
Estimated Cost (US $ Million) 1,600

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Executing Company /
Sponsors
Financing
Coordinating Ministry
Supervising Agency
Project Progress Update
Huaneng Shandong Rui Group, China
Independent Power Producer (IPP)
Ministry of Water and Power
Punjab Power Development Board (PPDB)
 Financial Closed (FC) achieved on December 2015
 Project Completed in 2017.
 Project has been connected to National grid.
 Current Status: Operational

Table 3.1 (Sahiwal 2x660MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Punjab)

3.3 Engro Thar Block II 2×330MW Coal fired Power Plant

TEL 1×330MW Mine Mouth Lignite Fired Power Project at Thar Block-II, Sindh,
Pakistan
ThalNova 1×330MW Mine Mouth Lignite Fired Power Project at Thar Block-II, Sindh,
Pakistan
Reference:http://cpec.gov.pk/energ
y
Project Engro Thar Block II 2×330MW Coal fired Power Plant
TEL 1×330MW Mine Mouth Lignite Fired Power Project at
Thar Block-II, Sindh, Pakistan
ThalNova 1×330MW Mine Mouth Lignite Fired Power Project at
Thar Block-II, Sindh, Pakistan
Primary Energy Input Coal (Local)
Technology Sub Critical
Installed Capacity 660
(MW) 330

330
Location Thar-Block-II
Province Sindh
Estimated Cost (US $ 2,000
Million)
Executing Company / Engro Power Gen Thar LTd. / China Machinery Engineering
Sponsors Corporation (CMEC)
Financing Independent Power Producer (IPP)
Coordinating Ministry Ministry of Water and Power
Supervising Agency Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB)
Project Progress  Financial Closed (FC) achieved in April, 2016.
Update  Construction work in progress.
 Construction of Transmission line-contract awarded.
Contractor mobilized
 Commercial Operation Date (COD) June, 2019

Table3.3 (Engro Thar Block II 2×330MW Coal fired Power Plant)

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3.4 300MW Imported Coal Based Power Project at Gwadar, Pakistan
Reference:http://cpec.gov.pk/energy

Project 300MW Imported Coal Based Power Project at Gwadar, Pakistan

Primary Energy Coal (Imported)
Input
Technology Imported coal
Installed 300
Capacity (MW)
Location Gwadar
Province Balochistan
Estimated Cost 600
(US $ Million)
Executing China Communications Construction Company (CCCC)
Company /
Sponsors
Financing To be decided
Supervising Gwadar Port Authority (GPA) / Gwadar Development Authority (GDA)
Agency
Project Progress  PPIB issued LOI
Update  Site finalized by CCCC
 Section IV for land acquisition reprocessed by Deputy
Commissioner for 200 acres
 Environment report prepared by EMC consultant and
submitted to EPA and GDA. GDA submitted comments on
report to EPA. Need approval of Government of Balochistan.

Table 3.4 (300MW Imported Coal Based Power Project at Gwadar, Pakistan)

3.5 SSRL Thar Coal Block-I 6.8 mtpa &SEC Mine Mouth Power Plant(2×660MW)
Reference:http://cpec.gov.pk/energy

Project SSRL Thar Coal Block-I 6.8 mtpa &SEC Mine Mouth Power
Plant(2×660MW)
Primary Energy Input Coal (Local)
Technology Sub-Critical
Installed Capacity (MW) 1320
Location Thar-Block-I
Province Sindh
Estimated Cost (US $ 2,000 + 1,300
Million)
Executing Company / Shanghai Electric Power Company Limited / CCTEG and SSRL

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Sponsors
Financing Independent Power Producer (IPP)
Coordinating Ministry Ministry of Water and Power
Supervising Agency Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB)
Project Progress Update  Financial Close of Plant and Mine second quarter
of 2017.
 Mine Commercial production is expected by 2019.
 Plant Expected Commercial Operation Date (COD)
2018/2019.

Table 3.5(SSRL Thar Coal Block-I 6.8 mtpa &SEC Mine Mouth Power Plant(2×660MW)

3.6 CPHGC 1,320MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Hub,Balochistan Reference

http://cpec.gov.pk/energy

Project CPHGC 1,320MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Hub,Balochistan

Primary Energy Input Coal (Imported)
Technology Super Critical
Installed Capacity 1320
(MW)
Location Hub
Province Baluchistan
Estimated Cost (US $ 1940
Million)
Executing Company / China Power Hub Generation Company (Private) Limited
Sponsors
Financing Independent Power Producer (IPP)
Coordinating Ministry Ministry of Water and Power
Supervising Agency Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB)
Project Progress  IA/ Power Purchase Agreement Signed on 25th January
Update 2017
 LOS issued on 12th April 2016; 1st extension to LOS
issued on 24th January 2017
 Ground breaking ceremony held on 21 March 2017
 Expected Commercial Operation Date (COD) 660 MW
Dec 2018, 660 MW Aug 2019

Table 3.6(CPHGC 1,320MW Coal-fired Power Plant, Hub,Balochistan)

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3.7 Quid-e-Azam 1000MW Solar Park (Bahawalpur)
Reference:http://cpec.gov.pk/energy

Project Quaid-e-Azam 1000MW Solar Park (Bahawalpur) Quaid-e-

Azam
Primary Energy Input Solar
Technology PV Solar
Installed Capacity (MW) 300
600
100
Tariff Cost plus
Location Bahawalpur
Province Punjab
Estimated Cost (US $ 1,302
Million)
Executing Company / Zonergy
Sponsors
Financing Independent Power Producer (IPP)
Coordinating Ministry Ministry of Water and Power
Supervising Agency Punjab Power Development Board (PPDB) / Alternative Energy
Development Board (AEDB)
Project Progress Update  COD of 3 x 100 MW attained in August 2016.

Table 3.6 (Quaid-e-Azam 1000MW Solar Park, Bahawalpur)

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 Conclusion

In conclusion it is necessary that efforts should be made to switch power plants from furnace oil

to coal. Gas should be avoided. To begin with, power plants could use imported coal, but

ultimately they will need to use an indigenous source. In this endeavor, Lakhra Power Plant near

Karachi, which has been closed for some time, must be reactivated as soon as possible. It uses

coal produced at nearby mines.

Under long-term measures, the government must prioritize the completion of the Thar Power

Plant. Thar has more than 185 billion tons of lignite coal, suitable for mine-mouth power plants.

It is estimated that Pakistan could generate more than 50,000MW of power from Thar coal alone.

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 References

China–Pakistan Economic Corridor. (2018, July 11). Retrieved from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China–Pakistan_Economic_Corridor#Energy_sector_projects

Ministry of Planning, Development & Reform 'P' block Pak-Secretariat, Islamabad,Pakistan.

(n.d.). Energy | China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Official Website. Retrieved from

http://cpec.gov.pk/energy#

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