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TALLER Nº 4
Alumno :
I. OBJETIVOS:
Diseñar un proyecto de automatización con lógica cableada de un sistema de control de motores para
un compresor con redundancia o alternativo aplicando normas de seguridad, y usando el software
CADe Simu.
Comprobar la operación de un tablero de control, realizando diversas pruebas a los circuitos de fuerza
y mando del compresor estacionario por medio del software CADe Simu.
Gestionar y seleccionar los equipos a emplear en el proyecto.
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For satisfactory operation of the pneumatic system the compressed air needs to be cleaned and dried.
Atmospheric air is contaminated with dust, smoke and is humid. These particles can cause wear of the
system components and presence of moisture may cause corrosion. Hence it is essential to treat the air
to get rid of these impurities. The air treatment can be divided into three stages as shown in Figure
6.3.1.
In the first stage, the large sized particles are prevented from entering the compressor by an intake filter.
The air leaving the compressor may be humid and may be at high temperature. The air from the
compressor is treated in the second stage. In this stage temperature of the compressed air is lowered
using a cooler and the air is dried using a dryer. Also an inline filter is provided to remove any
contaminant particles present. This treatment is called primary air treatment. In the third stage which is
the secondary air treatment process, further filtering is carried out. A lubricator introduces a fine mist of
oil into the compressed air. This will help in lubrication of the moving components of the system to which
the compressed air will be applied.
1.1 Filters
To prevent any damage to the compressor, the contaminants present in the air need to be filtered out.
This is done by using inlet filters. These can be dry or wet filters. Dry filters use disposable cartridges. In
the wet filter, the incoming air is passed through an oil bath and then through a fine wire mesh filter. Dirt
particles cling to the oil drops during bubbling and are removed by wire mesh as they pass through it. In
the dry filter the cartridges are replaced during servicing. The wet filters are cleaned using detergent
solution.
1.2 Cooler
As the air is compressed, the temperature of the air increases. Therefore the air needs to be cooled. This
is done by using a cooler. It is a type of heat exchanger. There are two types of coolers commonly
employed viz. air cooled and water cooled. In the air cooled type, ambient air is used to cool the high
temperature compressed air, whereas in the water cooled type, water is used as cooling medium. These
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are counter flow type coolers where the cooling medium flows in the direction opposite to the
compressed air. During cooling, the water vapor present will condense which can be drained away later.
In a correctly designed system (Figure 2), a flow controller acts as a buffer between the supply side and
the demand side, effectively separating the air compressor and the point-of-use equipment. With the unit
in place, the plant pressure can be stabilized, allowing for a consistent supply of compressed air to the
end users. Additionally, the air compressor is no longer directly exposed to fluctuations in demand, and is
simply tasked with feeding a receiver tank. This allows for greater efficiency, as a compressor no longer
has to turn on or unload with every change in pressure.
Figure 2: The dry storage and the I/C act as a buffer between the supply side (left) and the rest of the plant.
The bottom line is that the ability to stabilize plant air pressure and precisely control the operation of the
supply side (air compressor) can be tremendously beneficial — in regards to both process reliability and
energy efficiency.
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III. PROCEDIMIENTO:
Hay un Emergency Stop para emergencia. Sólo enciende el compresor cuando hay un nivel de
aceite óptimo. Una vez encendido, ya no importa el nivel de aceite por su circulación y debe
permanecer encendido. Si la presión es mayor de 10 bar, el motor del compresor debe apagarse y
si la presión es menor a 3 bar el motor del compresor debe encender.
Si el compresor Nro. 1 presenta una condición de falla, la lámpara H1 roja debe encenderse y el
compresor Nro. 1 debe parar y consecuentemente debe entrar a trabajar el compresor Nro. 2
dejando de trabajar la alternancia.
Condiciones de falla
- Overload (sobrecorriente).
- Presión Mínima constante.
- Presión Máxima constante.
- Temperatura alta en el compresor.
https://www.youtube.com……………………………….
4. Diagrama eléctrico: Colocar aquí los circuitos de fuerza y de mando de la aplicación. Explicar el
funcionamiento del diagrama que diseñó en el laboratorio.
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También Ud. debe de construir las tablas en la cual debe de estar las variables de entrada y salida, cada
una de ellas con descripción general, borneras respectivas y características técnicas de los elementos
usados.
Tabla 1. Entradas
ÍTEM VARIABL Etiqueta I/O DESCRIPCIÓN
E
01 S0
02 S1
Tabla 2. Salidas
ÍTEM VARIABL Etiqueta I/O DESCRIPCIÓN
E
01
02
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TIEMPO DE EJECUCIÓN:
5 horas
ASIGNACIÓN DE RESPONSABILIDADES
RESPONSABLE DE EQUIPO
OBSERVADOR DE DESEMPEÑO
La autoevaluación permite desarrollar una opinión crítica sobre el desempeño de cada integrante y
del equipo .Realizar la evaluación entre los integrantes con objetividad y seriedad. El profesor
observará críticamente las opiniones y lo contrastará con el desempeño real.
TRABAJA EFICAZMENTE EN
NOTA
ASUME EL ROL ASIGNADO
MANTIENE LA DISCIPLINA
ESCUCHA Y RESPETA LAS
RESPONSABLEMENTE
DENTRO DEL GRUPO
DE LOS OBJETIVOS
POR EL GRUPO
EQUIPO
INTEGRANTE DEL GRUPO
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4