Body System Checklist

Circulatory System

• Major functions of circulatory system

It pumps blood, maintains blood pressure, and transports oxygen.

• Diagram that includes the major parts - heart, artery, vein, capillary - and list the function(s) of
each.

Heart: An organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system, supplying
oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes.

Artery: Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues, except for pulmonary
arteries, which carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation

Vein: They are responsible for returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart after
arteries carry blood out.

Capillary: They bring nutrients and oxygen to tissues and remove waste products.

• Describe each of the components of blood- red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, &
plasma Red blood cells: Removes carbon dioxide from your body, transporting it to the lungs for you to
exhale.

White blood cells: The cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both
infectious disease and foreign invaders.

Platelets: A component of blood whose function is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by
clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot.

Plasma: Contains proteins that help blood to clot, transport substances through the blood.

• Describe the path blood travels through your body

Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-
poor blood from the body into the right atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your right
atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve

• Explain how your body system works with other systems in the body. Use 2 examples.

The respiratory and digestive system work together because you are breathing and also all of
the food gets broken down in your digestive system so that your body has energy to survive.

• Describe two diseases associated with your body system

Skeletal system diseases: rickets and bone disease

 Muscular system diseases: Cerebral palsy and dermatomyositis

Digestive System

• Major functions of digestive system

The digestive systems function is to digest food, absorb nutrients,secretes digestive enzymes,
and removes waste products.

• Diagram that includes the major parts - mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver,
pancreas, and large intestine - and list the function(s) of each.

Mouth: Chewing breaks the food into pieces that are more easily
digested, while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down
into a form your body can absorb and use.
Esophagus: Functions as the conduit for food and liquids that have been
swallowed into the pharynx to reach the stomach.
Stomach: Secretes acid and enzymes that digest food.
Small Intestine: Absorption of nutrients and minerals from food.
Liver: Produces proteins that are important in blood clotting and breaks down old or damaged blood
cells.
Pancreas: Has an exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates
blood sugar.
Large Intestine: Absorbs water from the remaining indigestible food matter and transmit the useless
waste material from the body.

•Describe the path food travels throughout the digestive system.

It takes the food we ingest, breaks it down mechanically and chemically in the mouth and stomach.

•Explain how your body system works with other systems in the body. Use 2 examples.

Endocrine System

• Major functions of endocrine system

Transfers information from one set of cells to another to coordinate the functions of different parts of
the body.

• Describe what hormones are and what they do

Hormones are chemical substances that affect the activity of another part of the body and are
messengers, controlling and coordinating activities throughout the body.
Excretory System

• Major functions of excretory system

It is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis.

• Diagram that includes the major parts - lungs, kidneys, urinary bladder, ureter, urethra, liver,
and skin - and list the function(s) of each.

Lungs: Process of gas exchange called respiration

Kidneys: Removes wastes and extra water to make urine.

Ureter: The duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the
bladder or cloaca.

Liver: Detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs

Skin: protection, regulation and sensation.

Muscular System

• Major functions of muscular system

• Describe the function and locations of each type of muscle – skeletal muscle, smooth muscle,
and cardiac muscle

• Diagram that includes the major muscles in the body - biceps, oblique abdominis, sartorius,
deltoid, orbicularis oculi, sternomastoid, gastrocnemius, pectoral, temporalis, gluteus maximus,
quadriceps, tibialis, masseter, rectus abdominis, and triceps

• Describe how muscles work in pairs to make parts of the body move using the biceps and triceps
as an example.

• Explain how your body system works with other systems in the body. You will need at least 2
examples.

• Describe 2 diseases associated with your body system.

Nervous System
• Description and major functions of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

• Diagram that includes the major parts - brain, spinal cord, nerves, and neurons - and list the
function(s) of each.

• Describe the path a nerve impulse travels throughout your body from stimulus to response.

• Explain how your body system works with other systems in the body. You will need at least 2
examples.

• Describe 2 diseases associated with your body system.

Respiratory System

• Major functions of respiratory system

• Diagram that includes the major parts - trachea, lungs, diaphragm, epiglottis, larynx, vocal cords
- and list the function(s) of each.

• Describe the “breathing” process.

• Explain how your body system works with other systems in the body. You will need at least 2
examples.

• Describe 2 diseases associated with your body system.

Skeletal System

• Major functions of skeletal system

• Diagram that includes the major parts -bones, ligaments, and tendon - and list the function(s) of
each. NOTE: Your diagram should also include the following bones in the body: cranium, clavicle,
humerus, scapula, sternum, rib, vertebra, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, pelvis (may list
parts), femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, and metatarsals.

• Describe each of the following joints and where they are located: hinge, pivot, and ball-and-
socket. You may include other joints as well.

• Explain how your body system works with other systems in the body. You will need at least 2
examples.

• Describe 2 diseases associated with your body system.

 1. What is homeostasis? Why is it important?
Answer: Humans' internal body temperature is a great example of homeostasis. When an individual is
healthy, his or her body temperature retains a temperature 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Cells
depend on the body environment to live and function. Homeostasis keeps the body
environment under control and keeps the conditions right for cells to live and function. Without
the right body conditions, certain processes (eg osmosis) and proteins (eg enzymes) will not
function properly.